soa_rs/

slice.rs

use crate::{
    AsMutSlice, AsSlice, Iter, IterMut, SliceMut, SliceRef, SoaDeref, SoaRaw, Soars,
    chunks_exact::ChunksExact, index::SoaIndex, iter_raw::IterRaw,
};
use core::{
    cmp::Ordering,
    fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter},
    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
    marker::PhantomData,
    ops::{ControlFlow, Deref, DerefMut},
};

/// A dynamically-sized view into the contents of a [`Soa`].
///
/// [`Slice`] and [`Soa`] have the same relationship as `[T]` and [`Vec`]. The
/// related types [`SliceRef`] and [`SliceMut`] are equivalent to `&[T]` and
/// `&mut [T]`.
///
/// This struct provides most of the implementation for [`Soa`], [`SliceRef`],
/// and [`SliceMut`] via [`Deref`] impls. It is not usually constructed directly
/// but instead used through one of these other types. The [`SliceRef`] and
/// [`SliceMut`] wrappers attach lifetimes and ensure the same borrowing rules
/// as `&` and `&mut`.
///
/// While [`Vec`] can return `&[T]` for all its slice methods, returning
/// `&Slice` is not always possible. That is why [`SliceRef`] and [`SliceMut`]
/// are necessary. While fat pointers allow packing length information as slice
/// metadata, this is insufficient for SoA slices, which require multiple
/// pointers alongside the length. Therefore, SoA slice references cannot be
/// created on the stack and returned like normal slices can.
///
/// [`Soa`]: crate::Soa
/// [`SliceRef`]: crate::SliceRef
/// [`SliceMut`]: crate::SliceMut
pub struct Slice<T: Soars, D: ?Sized = [()]> {
    pub(crate) raw: T::Raw,
    pub(crate) dst: D,
}

unsafe impl<T: Soars, D: ?Sized> Sync for Slice<T, D> where T: Sync {}
unsafe impl<T: Soars, D: ?Sized> Send for Slice<T, D> where T: Send {}

/// ```compile_fail,E0277
/// use core::marker::PhantomData;
/// use soa_rs::{soa, Soars};
///
/// fn assert_send<T: Send>(_t: T) {}
///
/// #[derive(Soars)]
/// struct NoSendSync(PhantomData<*mut ()>);
///
/// assert_send(soa![NoSendSync(PhantomData)]);
/// ```
///
/// ```compile_fail,E0277
/// use core::marker::PhantomData;
/// use soa_rs::{soa, Soars};
///
/// fn assert_sync<T: Sync>(_t: T) {}
///
/// #[derive(Soars)]
/// struct NoSendSync(PhantomData<*mut ()>);
///
/// assert_sync(soa![NoSendSync(PhantomData)]);
/// ```
mod send_sync_fail {}

impl<T> Slice<T, ()>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    /// Constructs a new, empty `Slice<T>`.
    pub(crate) fn empty() -> Self {
        Self::with_raw(<T::Raw as SoaRaw>::dangling())
    }

    /// Creates a new slice with the given [`SoaRaw`]. This is intended for use
    /// in proc macro code, not user code.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    pub const fn with_raw(raw: T::Raw) -> Self {
        Self { raw, dst: () }
    }

    /// Converts to an mutable unsized variant.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// - `length` must be valid for the underlying type `T`.
    /// - The lifetime of the returned reference is unconstrained. Ensure that
    ///   the right lifetimes are applied.
    pub(crate) const unsafe fn as_unsized_mut<'a>(&mut self, len: usize) -> &'a mut Slice<T> {
        let ptr = core::ptr::slice_from_raw_parts_mut(self, len) as *mut Slice<T>;
        unsafe { &mut *ptr }
    }

    /// Converts to an unsized variant.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// - `length` must be valid for the underlying type `T`.
    /// - The lifetime of the returned reference is unconstrained. Ensure that
    ///   the right lifetimes are applied.
    pub(crate) const unsafe fn as_unsized<'a>(&self, len: usize) -> &'a Slice<T> {
        let ptr = core::ptr::slice_from_raw_parts(self, len) as *const Slice<T>;
        unsafe { &*ptr }
    }
}

impl<T, D> Slice<T, D>
where
    T: Soars,
    D: ?Sized,
{
    /// Gets the [`SoaRaw`] the slice uses.
    ///
    /// Used by the [`Soars`] derive macro, but generally not intended for use
    /// by end users.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn raw(&self) -> T::Raw {
        self.raw
    }
}

impl<T> Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    /// Returns the number of elements in the slice, also referred to as its
    /// length.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)];
    /// assert_eq!(soa.len(), 3);
    /// ```
    pub const fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.dst.len()
    }

    /// Returns true if the slice contains no elements.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars};
    /// # #[derive(Soars)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = Soa::<Foo>::new();
    /// assert!(soa.is_empty());
    /// soa.push(Foo(1));
    /// assert!(!soa.is_empty());
    /// ```
    pub const fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.len() == 0
    }

    /// Returns an iterator over the elements.
    ///
    /// The iterator yields all items from start to end.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # use core::fmt;
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(4)];
    /// let mut iter = soa.iter();
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(FooRef(&1)));
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(FooRef(&2)));
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(FooRef(&4)));
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
    /// ```
    pub const fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, T> {
        Iter {
            iter_raw: IterRaw {
                // SAFETY: The Iter lifetime is bound to &self,
                // which ensures the aliasing rules are respected.
                slice: unsafe { self.as_sized() },
                len: self.len(),
                adapter: PhantomData,
            },
            _marker: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Returns an iterator over the elements that allows modifying each value.
    ///
    /// The iterator yields all items from start to end.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # use core::fmt;
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(4)];
    /// for mut elem in soa.iter_mut() {
    ///     *elem.0 *= 2;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(2), Foo(4), Foo(8)]);
    /// ```
    pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> IterMut<'_, T> {
        IterMut {
            iter_raw: IterRaw {
                // SAFETY: The Iter lifetime is bound to &self,
                // which ensures the aliasing rules are respected.
                slice: unsafe { self.as_sized() },
                len: self.len(),
                adapter: PhantomData,
            },
            _marker: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Returns a reference to an element or subslice depending on the type of
    /// index.
    ///
    /// - If given a position, returns a reference to the element at that
    ///   position or None if out of bounds.
    ///
    /// - If given a range, returns the subslice corresponding to that range, or
    ///   None if out of bounds.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use core::fmt;
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa, Slice, AsSlice};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30), Foo(20)];
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(1), Some(FooRef(&40)));
    /// assert!(soa.get(4).is_none());
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(..), Some(soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30), Foo(20)].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(..2), Some(soa![Foo(10), Foo(40)].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(..=2), Some(soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30)].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(2..), Some(soa![Foo(30), Foo(20)].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(1..3), Some(soa![Foo(40), Foo(30)].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.get(1..=3), Some(soa![Foo(40), Foo(30), Foo(20)].as_slice()));
    /// assert!(soa.get(2..5).is_none());
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    pub fn get<I>(&self, index: I) -> Option<I::Output<'_>>
    where
        I: SoaIndex<T>,
    {
        index.get(self)
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to an element or subslice depending on the
    /// type of index (see [`get`]) or `None` if the index is out of bounds.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)];
    /// if let Some(mut elem) = soa.get_mut(1) {
    ///     *elem.0 = 42;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(1), Foo(42), Foo(3)]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// [`get`]: Slice::get
    pub fn get_mut<I>(&mut self, index: I) -> Option<I::OutputMut<'_>>
    where
        I: SoaIndex<T>,
    {
        index.get_mut(self)
    }

    /// Returns a reference to the element at the given index.
    ///
    /// This is similar to [`Index`], which is not implementable for this type.
    /// See [`get`] for a non-panicking version.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the index is out-of-bounds, which is whenever
    /// [`SoaIndex::get`] returns [`None`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use core::fmt;
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30), Foo(90)];
    /// assert_eq!(soa.idx(3), FooRef(&90));
    /// assert_eq!(soa.idx(1..3), soa![Foo(40), Foo(30)]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// [`Index`]: core::ops::Index
    /// [`get`]: Slice::get
    pub fn idx<I>(&self, index: I) -> I::Output<'_>
    where
        I: SoaIndex<T>,
    {
        self.get(index).expect("index out of bounds")
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the element at the given index.
    ///
    /// This is similar to [`IndexMut`], which is not implementable for this
    /// type. See [`get_mut`] for a non-panicking version.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the index is out-of-bounds, which is whenever
    /// [`SoaIndex::get_mut`] returns [`None`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use core::fmt;
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(10), Foo(20), Foo(30)];
    /// *soa.idx_mut(1).0 = 42;
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(10), Foo(42), Foo(30)]);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// [`IndexMut`]: core::ops::Index
    /// [`get_mut`]: Slice::get_mut
    pub fn idx_mut<I>(&mut self, index: I) -> I::OutputMut<'_>
    where
        I: SoaIndex<T>,
    {
        self.get_mut(index).expect("index out of bounds")
    }

    /// Divides one slice into two at an index.
    ///
    /// The first will contain all indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding
    /// the index `mid` itself) and the second will contain all
    /// indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index `len` itself).
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `mid > len`.  For a non-panicking alternative see
    /// [`split_at_checked`](Slice::split_at_checked).
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4), Foo(5)];
    /// let (l, r) = soa.split_at(3);
    /// assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)]);
    /// assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(4), Foo(5)]);
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn split_at(&self, mid: usize) -> (SliceRef<'_, T>, SliceRef<'_, T>) {
        match self.split_at_checked(mid) {
            Some(pair) => pair,
            None => panic!("mid > len"),
        }
    }

    /// Divides one mutable slice into two at an index.
    ///
    /// The first will contain all indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding
    /// the index `mid` itself) and the second will contain all
    /// indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index `len` itself).
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `mid > len`.  For a non-panicking alternative see
    /// [`split_at_mut_checked`](Slice::split_at_mut_checked).
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4), Foo(5)];
    /// let (l, r) = soa.split_at_mut(3);
    /// assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)]);
    /// assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(4), Foo(5)]);
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn split_at_mut(&mut self, mid: usize) -> (SliceMut<'_, T>, SliceMut<'_, T>) {
        match self.split_at_mut_checked(mid) {
            Some(pair) => pair,
            None => panic!("mid > len"),
        }
    }

    /// Divides one slice into two at an index,
    /// returning `None` if the slice is too short.
    ///
    /// If `mid ≤ len` returns a pair of slices where the first will contain all
    /// indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding the index `mid` itself) and the
    /// second will contain all indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index
    /// `len` itself).
    ///
    /// Otherwise, if `mid > len`, returns `None`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4)];
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_checked(0).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa![]);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa);
    /// }
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_checked(2).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2)]);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(3), Foo(4)]);
    /// }
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_checked(4).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa![]);
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(None, soa.split_at_checked(5));
    #[must_use]
    pub fn split_at_checked(&self, mid: usize) -> Option<(SliceRef<'_, T>, SliceRef<'_, T>)> {
        // SAFETY:
        // Don't use `bool::then_some` here because constructing an invalid reference is unsound,
        // even if it is not accessed
        (mid <= self.len()).then(|| unsafe { self.split_at_unchecked(mid) })
    }

    /// Divides one mutable slice into two at an index,
    /// returning `None` if the slice is too short.
    ///
    /// If `mid ≤ len` returns a pair of slices where the first will contain all
    /// indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding the index `mid` itself) and the
    /// second will contain all indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index
    /// `len` itself).
    ///
    /// Otherwise, if `mid > len`, returns `None`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4)];
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_mut_checked(0).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa![]);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4)]);
    /// }
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_mut_checked(2).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2)]);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(3), Foo(4)]);
    /// }
    ///
    /// {
    ///     let (l, r) = soa.split_at_mut_checked(4).unwrap();
    ///     assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4)]);
    ///     assert_eq!(r, soa![]);
    /// }
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(None, soa.split_at_mut_checked(5));
    #[must_use]
    pub fn split_at_mut_checked(
        &mut self,
        mid: usize,
    ) -> Option<(SliceMut<'_, T>, SliceMut<'_, T>)> {
        // SAFETY:
        // Don't use `bool::then_some` here because constructing an invalid reference is unsound,
        // even if it is not accessed
        (mid <= self.len()).then(|| unsafe { self.split_at_mut_unchecked(mid) })
    }

    /// Divides one slice into two at an index without doing bounds checking.
    ///
    /// The first will contain all indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding
    /// the index `mid` itself) and the second will contain all
    /// indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index `len` itself).
    ///
    /// For a safe alternative, see [`split_at`].
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// Calling this method with an out-of-bounds index is undefined behavior,
    /// even if the resulting reference is not used.
    ///
    /// [`split_at`]: Slice::split_at
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)];
    /// let (l, r) = unsafe { soa.split_at_unchecked(2) };
    /// assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1), Foo(2)]);
    /// assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(3)]);
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub unsafe fn split_at_unchecked(&self, mid: usize) -> (SliceRef<'_, T>, SliceRef<'_, T>) {
        let (l, r, r_len) = self.split_at_parts(mid);
        // SAFETY: Lifetime matches that of self
        let l = unsafe { SliceRef::from_slice(l, mid) };
        let r = unsafe { SliceRef::from_slice(r, r_len) };
        (l, r)
    }

    /// Divides one mutable slice into two at an index without doing bounds checking.
    ///
    /// The first will contain all indices from `[0, mid)` (excluding
    /// the index `mid` itself) and the second will contain all
    /// indices from `[mid, len)` (excluding the index `len` itself).
    ///
    /// For a safe alternative, see [`split_at_mut`].
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// Calling this method with an out-of-bounds index is undefined behavior,
    /// even if the resulting reference is not used.
    ///
    /// [`split_at_mut`]: Slice::split_at_mut
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3)];
    /// let (l, r) = unsafe { soa.split_at_mut_unchecked(1) };
    /// assert_eq!(l, soa![Foo(1)]);
    /// assert_eq!(r, soa![Foo(2), Foo(3)]);
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub unsafe fn split_at_mut_unchecked(
        &mut self,
        mid: usize,
    ) -> (SliceMut<'_, T>, SliceMut<'_, T>) {
        let (l, r, r_len) = self.split_at_parts(mid);
        // SAFETY: Lifetime matches that of self
        let l = unsafe { SliceMut::from_slice(l, mid) };
        let r = unsafe { SliceMut::from_slice(r, r_len) };
        (l, r)
    }

    fn split_at_parts(&self, mid: usize) -> (Slice<T, ()>, Slice<T, ()>, usize) {
        (
            unsafe { self.as_sized() },
            Slice::with_raw(unsafe { self.raw.offset(mid) }),
            self.len() - mid,
        )
    }

    /// Swaps the position of two elements.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// - `a`: The index of the first element
    /// - `b`: The index of the second element
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `a` or `b` is out of bounds.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(0), Foo(1), Foo(2), Foo(3), Foo(4)];
    /// soa.swap(2, 4);
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(0), Foo(1), Foo(4), Foo(3), Foo(2)]);
    /// ```
    pub fn swap(&mut self, a: usize, b: usize) {
        if a >= self.len() || b >= self.len() {
            panic!("index out of bounds");
        }

        // SAFETY: We bounds checked a and b
        unsafe {
            let a = self.raw().offset(a);
            let b = self.raw().offset(b);
            let tmp = a.get();
            b.copy_to(a, 1);
            b.set(tmp);
        }
    }

    /// Returns the first element of the slice, or None if empty.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30)];
    /// assert_eq!(soa.first(), Some(FooRef(&10)));
    ///
    /// let soa = Soa::<Foo>::new();
    /// assert_eq!(soa.first(), None);
    /// ```
    pub fn first(&self) -> Option<T::Ref<'_>> {
        self.get(0)
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the first element of the slice, or None if empty.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(0), Foo(1), Foo(2)];
    /// if let Some(mut first) = soa.first_mut() {
    ///     *first.0 = 5;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(5), Foo(1), Foo(2)]);
    /// ```
    pub fn first_mut(&mut self) -> Option<T::RefMut<'_>> {
        self.get_mut(0)
    }

    /// Returns the last element of the slice, or None if empty.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo(10), Foo(40), Foo(30)];
    /// assert_eq!(soa.last(), Some(FooRef(&30)));
    ///
    /// let soa = Soa::<Foo>::new();
    /// assert_eq!(soa.last(), None);
    /// ```
    pub fn last(&self) -> Option<T::Ref<'_>> {
        self.get(self.len().saturating_sub(1))
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the last element of the slice, or None if empty.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(usize);
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo(0), Foo(1), Foo(2)];
    /// if let Some(mut last) = soa.last_mut() {
    ///     *last.0 = 5;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(soa, soa![Foo(0), Foo(1), Foo(5)]);
    /// ```
    pub fn last_mut(&mut self) -> Option<T::RefMut<'_>> {
        self.get_mut(self.len().saturating_sub(1))
    }

    /// Returns an iterator over `chunk_size` elements of the slice at a time,
    /// starting at the beginning of the slice.
    ///
    /// The chunks are slices and do not overlap. If `chunk_size` does not divide
    /// the length of the slice, then the last up to `chunk_size-1` elements will
    /// be omitted and can be retrieved from the [`remainder`] function of the
    /// iterator.
    ///
    /// Due to each chunk having exactly `chunk_size` elements, the compiler can
    /// often optimize the resulting code better than in the case of chunks.
    ///
    /// [`remainder`]: ChunksExact::remainder
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa, AsSlice};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo(char);
    /// let soa = soa![Foo('l'), Foo('o'), Foo('r'), Foo('e'), Foo('m')];
    /// let mut iter = soa.chunks_exact(2);
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(soa![Foo('l'), Foo('o')].as_slice()));
    /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(soa![Foo('r'), Foo('e')].as_slice()));
    /// assert!(iter.next().is_none());
    /// assert_eq!(iter.remainder(), &soa![Foo('m')]);
    /// ```
    pub fn chunks_exact(&self, chunk_size: usize) -> ChunksExact<'_, T> {
        if chunk_size == 0 {
            panic!("chunk size must be nonzero")
        }

        ChunksExact::new(self, chunk_size)
    }

    /// Returns a collection of slices for each field of the slice.
    ///
    /// For convenience, slices can also be aquired using the getter methods for
    /// individual fields.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo {
    /// #     foo: u8,
    /// #     bar: u8,
    /// # }
    /// let soa = soa![Foo { foo: 1, bar: 2 }, Foo { foo: 3, bar: 4 }];
    /// let slices = soa.slices();
    /// assert_eq!(slices.foo, soa.foo());
    /// assert_eq!(slices.bar, soa.bar());
    /// ```
    pub fn slices(&self) -> T::Slices<'_> {
        // SAFETY:
        // - The returned lifetime is bound to self
        // - len elements are allocated and initialized
        unsafe { self.raw.slices(self.len()) }
    }

    /// Returns a collection of mutable slices for each field of the slice.
    ///
    /// For convenience, individual mutable slices can also be aquired using the
    /// getter methods for individual fields. This method is necessary to be
    /// able to mutably borrow multiple SoA fields simultaneously.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use soa_rs::{Soa, Soars, soa};
    /// # #[derive(Soars, Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # #[soa_derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
    /// # struct Foo {
    /// #     foo: u8,
    /// #     bar: u8,
    /// # }
    /// let mut soa = soa![Foo { foo: 1, bar: 0 }, Foo { foo: 2, bar: 0 }];
    /// let slices = soa.slices_mut();
    /// for (foo, bar) in slices.foo.iter().zip(slices.bar) {
    ///     *bar = foo * 2;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(soa.bar(), [2, 4]);
    /// ```
    pub fn slices_mut(&mut self) -> T::SlicesMut<'_> {
        // SAFETY:
        // - The returned lifetime is bound to self
        // - len elements are allocated and initialized
        unsafe { self.raw.slices_mut(self.len()) }
    }

    /// Converts from an unsized variant to sized variant
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// Since this returns an owned value, it implicitly extends the lifetime &
    /// in an unbounded way. The caller must ensure proper lifetimes with, for
    /// example, [`PhantomData`].
    ///
    /// [`PhantomData`]: core::marker::PhantomData
    pub(crate) const unsafe fn as_sized(&self) -> Slice<T, ()> {
        let ptr = core::ptr::from_ref(self).cast();
        unsafe { *ptr }
    }
}

impl<T> Clone for Slice<T, ()>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        *self
    }
}

impl<T> Copy for Slice<T, ()> where T: Soars {}

impl<'a, T> IntoIterator for &'a Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    type Item = T::Ref<'a>;
    type IntoIter = Iter<'a, T>;

    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
        self.iter()
    }
}

impl<'a, T> IntoIterator for &'a mut Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    type Item = T::RefMut<'a>;
    type IntoIter = IterMut<'a, T>;

    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
        self.iter_mut()
    }
}

impl<T, R> PartialEq<R> for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    R: AsSlice<Item = T> + ?Sized,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: PartialEq,
{
    fn eq(&self, other: &R) -> bool {
        let other = other.as_slice();
        self.len() == other.len() && self.iter().zip(other.iter()).all(|(me, them)| me == them)
    }
}

impl<T> Eq for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: Eq,
{
}

impl<T> Debug for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: Debug,
{
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        let mut list = f.debug_list();
        self.iter().for_each(|item| {
            list.entry(&item);
        });
        list.finish()
    }
}

impl<T> PartialOrd for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: PartialOrd,
{
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
        match self
            .iter()
            .zip(other.iter())
            .try_fold(Ordering::Equal, |_, (a, b)| match a.partial_cmp(&b) {
                ord @ (None | Some(Ordering::Less | Ordering::Greater)) => ControlFlow::Break(ord),
                Some(Ordering::Equal) => ControlFlow::Continue(self.len().cmp(&other.len())),
            }) {
            ControlFlow::Continue(ord) => Some(ord),
            ControlFlow::Break(ord) => ord,
        }
    }
}

impl<T> Ord for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: Ord,
{
    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
        match self
            .iter()
            .zip(other.iter())
            .try_fold(Ordering::Equal, |_, (a, b)| match a.cmp(&b) {
                ord @ (Ordering::Greater | Ordering::Less) => ControlFlow::Break(ord),
                Ordering::Equal => ControlFlow::Continue(self.len().cmp(&other.len())),
            }) {
            ControlFlow::Continue(ord) | ControlFlow::Break(ord) => ord,
        }
    }
}

impl<T> Hash for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
    for<'a> T::Ref<'a>: Hash,
{
    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
        self.len().hash(state);
        for item in self {
            item.hash(state);
        }
    }
}

impl<T> Deref for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    type Target = T::Deref;

    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
        <T::Deref as SoaDeref>::from_slice(self)
    }
}

impl<T> DerefMut for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
        <T::Deref as SoaDeref>::from_slice_mut(self)
    }
}

impl<T> AsRef<Slice<T>> for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Self {
        self
    }
}

impl<T> AsMut<Slice<T>> for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
        self
    }
}

impl<T> AsSlice for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    type Item = T;

    fn as_slice(&self) -> SliceRef<'_, Self::Item> {
        // SAFETY: The returned lifetime is bound to self
        unsafe { SliceRef::from_slice(self.as_sized(), self.len()) }
    }
}

impl<T> AsMutSlice for Slice<T>
where
    T: Soars,
{
    fn as_mut_slice(&mut self) -> SliceMut<'_, Self::Item> {
        // SAFETY: The returned lifetime is bound to self
        unsafe { SliceMut::from_slice(self.as_sized(), self.len()) }
    }
}