use std::{
    convert::TryFrom, convert::TryInto, fmt, fs::read, io::Error, io::ErrorKind, num::Wrapping,
};

/// # SMBIOS 2.1 (32 bit) Entry Point structure
///
/// On non-UEFI systems, the 32-bit SMBIOS Entry Point structure, can be located by application software
/// by searching for the anchor-string on paragraph (16-byte) boundaries within the physical memory address
/// range 000F0000h to 000FFFFFh. This entry point encapsulates an intermediate anchor string that is used
/// by some existing DMI browsers.
///
/// On UEFI-based systems, the SMBIOS Entry Point structure can be located by looking in the EFI
/// Configuration Table for the SMBIOS GUID (SMBIOS_TABLE_GUID, {EB9D2D31-2D88-11D3-9A16-
/// 0090273FC14D}) and using the associated pointer. See section 4.6 of the UEFI Specification for details.
/// See section 2.3 of the UEFI Specification for how to report the containing memory type.
pub struct SMBiosEntryPoint32 {
    raw: Vec<u8>,
}

impl<'a> SMBiosEntryPoint32 {
    /// Minimum acceptable size of this structure
    ///
    /// TODO: Review DMTF SMBIOS document history and see
    /// if structure sizes smaller than 0x1F existed.  If
    /// so then change this structure design to return Option<>
    /// values and adjust this size accordingly.
    pub const MINIMUM_SIZE: usize = 0x1F;

    /// Anchor String "_SM_" (offset 0)
    pub const SM_ANCHOR: [u8; 4] = [b'_', b'S', b'M', b'_'];

    /// Anchor String "_DMI_" (offset 0x10)
    pub const DMI_ANCHOR: [u8; 5] = [b'_', b'D', b'M', b'I', b'_'];

    /// Entry Point Structure Checksum Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_STRUCTURE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET: usize = 0x04;

    /// Entry Point Length Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET: usize = 0x05;

    /// SMBIOS Major Version Offset
    pub const MAJOR_VERSION_OFFSET: usize = 0x06;

    /// SMBIOS Minor Version Offset
    pub const MINOR_VERSION_OFFSET: usize = 0x07;

    /// Maximum Structure Size Offset
    pub const MAXIMUM_STRUCTURE_SIZE_OFFSET: usize = 0x08;

    /// Entry Point Revision Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_REVISION_OFFSET: usize = 0x0A;

    /// Formatted Area Offset
    pub const FORMATTED_AREA_OFFSET: usize = 0x0B;

    /// Intermediate Anchor String Offset
    ///
    /// NOTE: This field is paragraph-aligned, to allow legacy DMI browsers to
    /// find this entry point within the SMBIOS Entry Point Structure.
    pub const INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET: usize = 0x10;

    /// Intermediate Checksum Offset
    pub const INTERMEDIATE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET: usize = 0x15;

    /// Structure Table Length Offset
    pub const STRUCTURE_TABLE_LENGTH_OFFSET: usize = 0x16;

    /// Structure Table Address Offset
    pub const STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET: usize = 0x18;

    /// Number of SMBIOS Structures Offset
    pub const NUMBER_OF_SMBIOS_STRUCTURES_OFFSET: usize = 0x1C;

    /// SMBIOS BCD Revision Offset
    pub const BCD_REVISION: usize = 0x1E;

    /// Entry Point Structure Checksum
    ///
    /// Checksum of the Entry Point Structure (EPS)
    ///
    /// This value, when added to all other bytes in the EPS, results in
    /// the value 00h (using 8-bit addition calculations). Values in the
    /// EPS are summed starting at offset 00h, for `entry_point_length`
    /// bytes.
    pub fn entry_point_structure_checksum(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_STRUCTURE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Entry Point Length
    ///
    /// Length of the Entry Point Structure, starting with the Anchor String
    /// field, in bytes, currently 1Fh
    ///
    /// NOTE: This value was incorrectly stated in version 2.1 of this specification
    /// as 1Eh. Because of this, there might be version 2.1
    /// implementations that use either the 1Eh or the 1Fh value, but
    /// version 2.2 or later implementations must use the 1Fh value.
    pub fn entry_point_length(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET]
    }

    /// SMBIOS Major Version
    ///
    /// Major version of this specification implemented in the table
    /// structures (for example, the value is 0Ah (10) for revision 10.22 and
    /// 02h for revision 2.1)
    pub fn major_version(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::MAJOR_VERSION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// SMBIOS Minor Version
    ///
    /// Minor version of this specification implemented in the table
    /// structures (for example, the value is 16h (22) for revision 10.22 and
    /// 01h for revision 2.1)
    pub fn minor_version(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::MINOR_VERSION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Maximum Structure Size
    ///
    /// Size of the largest SMBIOS structure, in bytes, and encompasses
    /// the structure’s formatted area and text strings
    pub fn maximum_structure_size(&self) -> u16 {
        u16::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw[Self::MAXIMUM_STRUCTURE_SIZE_OFFSET..Self::MAXIMUM_STRUCTURE_SIZE_OFFSET + 2]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u16 is 2 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// Entry Point Revision
    ///
    /// EPS revision implemented in this structure and identifies the
    /// formatting of offsets 0Bh to 0Fh as follows:
    /// - 00h Entry Point is based on SMBIOS 2.1 definition; formatted area is reserved and set to all 00h.
    /// - 01h-FFh Reserved for assignment by this specification
    pub fn entry_point_revision(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_REVISION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Formatted Area
    ///
    /// Value present in the `entry_point_revision` field defines the
    /// interpretation to be placed upon these 5 bytes
    pub fn formatted_area(&self) -> [u8; 5] {
        self.raw[Self::FORMATTED_AREA_OFFSET..Self::FORMATTED_AREA_OFFSET + 5]
            .try_into()
            .expect("5 bytes")
    }

    /// Intermediate Anchor String
    ///
    /// _DMI_, specified as five ASCII characters (5F 44 4D 49 5F).
    pub fn intermediate_anchor(&self) -> [u8; 5] {
        self.raw[Self::INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET..Self::INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET + 5]
            .try_into()
            .expect("5 bytes")
    }

    /// Intermediate Checksum
    ///
    /// Checksum of Intermediate Entry Point Structure (IEPS).
    ///
    /// This value, when added to all other bytes in the IEPS, results in
    /// the value 00h (using 8-bit addition calculations). Values in the
    /// IEPS are summed starting at offset 10h, for 0Fh bytes.
    pub fn intermediate_checksum(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::INTERMEDIATE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Structure Table Length
    ///
    /// Total length of SMBIOS Structure Table, pointed to by the
    /// `structure_table_address`, in bytes
    pub fn structure_table_length(&self) -> u16 {
        u16::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw[Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_LENGTH_OFFSET..Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_LENGTH_OFFSET + 2]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u16 is 2 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// Structure Table Address
    ///
    /// 32-bit physical starting address of the read-only SMBIOS
    /// Structure Table, which can start at any 32-bit address
    /// This area contains all of the SMBIOS structures fully packed
    /// together. These structures can then be parsed to produce exactly
    /// the same format as that returned from a Get SMBIOS Structure
    /// function call.
    pub fn structure_table_address(&self) -> u32 {
        u32::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw
                [Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET..Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET + 4]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u32 is 4 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// Number of SMBIOS Structures
    ///
    /// Total number of structures present in the SMBIOS Structure Table
    /// This is the value returned as NumStructures from the Get
    /// SMBIOS Information function.
    pub fn number_of_smbios_structures(&self) -> u16 {
        u16::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw[Self::NUMBER_OF_SMBIOS_STRUCTURES_OFFSET
                ..Self::NUMBER_OF_SMBIOS_STRUCTURES_OFFSET + 2]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u16 is 2 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// SMBIOS BCD Revision
    ///
    /// Indicates compliance with a revision of this specification
    /// It is a BCD value where the upper nibble indicates the major
    /// version and the lower nibble the minor version. For revision 2.1,
    /// the returned value is 21h. If the value is 00h, only the Major and
    /// Minor Versions in offsets 6 and 7 of the Entry Point Structure
    /// provide the version information.
    pub fn bcd_revision(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::BCD_REVISION]
    }

    /// Load this structure from a file
    pub fn try_load_from_file(filename: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        read(filename)?.try_into()
    }
}

impl<'a> TryFrom<Vec<u8>> for SMBiosEntryPoint32 {
    type Error = Error;

    fn try_from(raw: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        if raw.len() < Self::MINIMUM_SIZE {
            return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,
                "Slice is smaller than SMBiosEntryPoint32::MINIMUM_SIZE",
            ));
        }

        if !raw
            .iter()
            .zip(Self::SM_ANCHOR.iter())
            .all(|pair| pair.0 == pair.1)
        {
            return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData, "_SM_ anchor not found"));
        }

        // Verify the EPS checksum
        // The checksum is calculated for a length of `entry_point_length`
        let entry_point_length = raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET] as usize;
        match raw.get(0..entry_point_length) {
            Some(checked_bytes) => {
                if !verify_checksum(checked_bytes) {
                    return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,"Entry Point Structure checksum verification failed"));
                }
            }
            None => return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,"The Entry Point Length field specified a value which exceeded the bounds of the Entry Point Structure")),
        }

        let intermediate_anchor: [u8; 5] = raw
            [Self::INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET..Self::INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET + 5]
            .try_into()
            .expect("5 bytes");

        if !intermediate_anchor
            .iter()
            .zip(Self::DMI_ANCHOR.iter())
            .all(|pair| pair.0 == pair.1)
        {
            return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData, "_DMI_ anchor not found"));
        }

        // Verify the IEPS checksum
        // The checksum is calculated for a length of 0x0F
        let intermediate_entry_point_structure: [u8; 0x0F] = raw
            [Self::INTERMEDIATE_ANCHOR_OFFSET..]
            .try_into()
            .expect("0x0F bytes");

        if !verify_checksum(&intermediate_entry_point_structure) {
            return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,
                "Intermediate entry point structure checksum verification failed",
            ));
        }

        Ok(SMBiosEntryPoint32 { raw })
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for SMBiosEntryPoint32 {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        fmt.debug_struct(std::any::type_name::<SMBiosEntryPoint32>())
            .field(
                "entry_point_structure_checksum",
                &self.entry_point_structure_checksum(),
            )
            .field("entry_point_length", &self.entry_point_length())
            .field("major_version", &self.major_version())
            .field("minor_version", &self.minor_version())
            .field("maximum_structure_size", &self.maximum_structure_size())
            .field("entry_point_revision", &self.entry_point_revision())
            .field("formatted_area", &self.formatted_area())
            .field("intermediate_anchor", &self.intermediate_anchor())
            .field("intermediate_checksum", &self.intermediate_checksum())
            .field("structure_table_length", &self.structure_table_length())
            .field("structure_table_address", &self.structure_table_address())
            .field(
                "number_of_smbios_structures",
                &self.number_of_smbios_structures(),
            )
            .field("bcd_revision", &self.bcd_revision())
            .finish()
    }
}

/// # SMBIOS 3.0 (64 bit) Entry Point structure
///
/// On non-UEFI systems, the 64-bit SMBIOS Entry Point structure can be located by application software by
/// searching for the anchor-string on paragraph (16-byte) boundaries within the physical memory address
/// range 000F0000h to 000FFFFFh.
///
/// On UEFI-based systems, the SMBIOS Entry Point structure can be located by looking in the EFI
/// Configuration Table for the SMBIOS 3.x GUID (SMBIOS3_TABLE_GUID, {F2FD1544-9794-4A2C-992E836 E5BBCF20E394}) and using the associated pointer. See section 4.6 of the UEFI Specification for details.
/// See section 2.3 of the UEFI Specification for how to report the containing memory type.
pub struct SMBiosEntryPoint64 {
    raw: Vec<u8>,
}

impl<'a> SMBiosEntryPoint64 {
    /// Minimum acceptable size of this structure
    ///
    /// TODO: Review DMTF SMBIOS document history and see
    /// if structure sizes smaller than 0x18 existed.  If
    /// so then change this structure design to return Option<>
    /// values and adjust this size accordingly.
    pub const MINIMUM_SIZE: usize = 0x18;

    /// Anchor String "_SM3_" (offset 0)
    pub const SM3_ANCHOR: [u8; 5] = [b'_', b'S', b'M', b'3', b'_'];

    /// Entry Point Structure Checksum Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_STRUCTURE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET: usize = 0x05;

    /// Entry Point Length Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET: usize = 0x06;

    /// SMBIOS Major Version Offset
    pub const MAJOR_VERSION_OFFSET: usize = 0x07;

    /// SMBIOS Minor Version Offset
    pub const MINOR_VERSION_OFFSET: usize = 0x08;

    /// SMBIOS Docrev
    pub const DOCREV_OFFSET: usize = 0x09;

    /// Entry Point Revision Offset
    pub const ENTRY_POINT_REVISION_OFFSET: usize = 0x0A;

    /// Structure Table Maximum Size Offset
    pub const STRUCTURE_TABLE_MAXIMUM_SIZE_OFFSET: usize = 0x0C;

    /// Structure Table Address Offset
    pub const STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET: usize = 0x10;

    /// Entry Point Structure Checksum
    ///
    /// Checksum of the Entry Point Structure (EPS)
    ///
    /// This value, when added to all other bytes in the EPS, results in
    /// the value 00h (using 8-bit addition calculations). Values in the
    /// EPS are summed starting at offset 00h, for `entry_point_length`
    /// bytes.
    pub fn entry_point_structure_checksum(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_STRUCTURE_CHECKSUM_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Entry Point Length
    ///
    /// Length of the Entry Point Structure, starting with the Anchor String
    /// field, in bytes, currently 18h
    pub fn entry_point_length(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET]
    }

    /// SMBIOS Major Version
    ///
    /// Major version of this specification implemented in the table
    /// structures (for example, the value is 0Ah (10) for revision 10.22 and
    /// 02h for revision 2.1)
    pub fn major_version(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::MAJOR_VERSION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// SMBIOS Minor Version
    ///
    /// Minor version of this specification implemented in the table
    /// structures (for example, the value is 16h (22) for revision 10.22 and
    /// 01h for revision 2.1)
    pub fn minor_version(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::MINOR_VERSION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// SMBIOS Docrev
    ///
    /// Identifies the docrev of this specification implemented in the table
    /// structures (for example, the value is 00h for revision 10.22.0 and
    /// 01h for revision 2.7.1).
    pub fn docrev(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::DOCREV_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Entry Point Revision
    ///
    /// EPS revision implemented in this structure and identifies the
    /// formatting of offsets 0Bh and beyond as follows:
    /// - 00h Reserved for assignment by this specification
    /// - 01h Entry Point is based on SMBIOS 3.0 definition;
    /// - 02h-FFh Reserved for assignment by this specification; offsets 0Ch-17h are defined per revision 01h
    pub fn entry_point_revision(&self) -> u8 {
        self.raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_REVISION_OFFSET]
    }

    /// Structure Table Maximum Size
    ///
    /// Maximum size of SMBIOS Structure Table, pointed to by the
    /// Structure Table Address, in bytes. The actual size is guaranteed
    /// to be less or equal to the maximum size.
    pub fn structure_table_maximum_size(&self) -> u32 {
        u32::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw[Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_MAXIMUM_SIZE_OFFSET
                ..Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_MAXIMUM_SIZE_OFFSET + 4]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u32 is 4 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// Structure Table Address
    ///
    /// The 64-bit physical starting address of the read-only SMBIOS
    /// Structure Table, which can start at any 64-bit address. This area
    /// contains all of the SMBIOS structures fully packed together
    pub fn structure_table_address(&self) -> u64 {
        u64::from_le_bytes(
            self.raw
                [Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET..Self::STRUCTURE_TABLE_ADDRESS_OFFSET + 4]
                .try_into()
                .expect("u64 is 8 bytes"),
        )
    }

    /// Load this structure from a file
    pub fn try_load_from_file(filename: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        read(filename)?.try_into()
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for SMBiosEntryPoint64 {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        fmt.debug_struct(std::any::type_name::<SMBiosEntryPoint64>())
            .field(
                "entry_point_structure_checksum",
                &self.entry_point_structure_checksum(),
            )
            .field("entry_point_length", &self.entry_point_length())
            .field("major_version", &self.major_version())
            .field("minor_version", &self.minor_version())
            .field("docrev", &self.docrev())
            .field(
                "structure_table_maximum_size",
                &self.structure_table_maximum_size(),
            )
            .field("structure_table_address", &self.structure_table_address())
            .finish()
    }
}

impl<'a> TryFrom<Vec<u8>> for SMBiosEntryPoint64 {
    type Error = Error;

    fn try_from(raw: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        if raw.len() < Self::MINIMUM_SIZE {
            return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,
                "Slice is smaller than SMBiosEntryPoint64::MINIMUM_SIZE",
            ));
        }

        if !raw
            .iter()
            .zip(Self::SM3_ANCHOR.iter())
            .all(|pair| pair.0 == pair.1)
        {
            return Err(Error::new(
                ErrorKind::InvalidData,
                "Expected _SM3_ identifier not found",
            ));
        }

        // Verify the checksum
        // The checksum is calculated for a length of `entry_point_length`
        let entry_point_length = raw[Self::ENTRY_POINT_LENGTH_OFFSET] as usize;
        match raw.get(0..entry_point_length) {
            Some(checked_bytes) => {
                if !verify_checksum(checked_bytes) {
                    return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData,"Entry Point Structure checksum verification failed"));
                }
            }
            None => return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData,"The Entry Point Length field specified a value which exceeded the bounds of the Entry Point Structure")),
        }

        Ok(SMBiosEntryPoint64 { raw })
    }
}

/// Verifies EPS and IEPS Checksums
///
/// The EPS and IEPS contain a checksum value.
///
/// The checksum value, when added to all other bytes in the EPS, results in
/// the value 00h (using 8-bit addition [Wrapping] calculations).
/// Values in the EPS are summed starting at offset 00h, for 'entry_point_length'
/// bytes.
fn verify_checksum(data: &[u8]) -> bool {
    let mut sum = Wrapping(0u8);

    data.iter().for_each(|b| sum += Wrapping(*b));

    sum == Wrapping(0)
}