Expand description
Symbolic integration (rule-based / heuristic).
Algorithm stack (increasing strength):
- Linearity — sum, constant factor
- Elementary templates — polynomials,
1/x,sin/cos/exp/tan/lnwith affine innerk*x+b - Products —
e^{ax+b}×sin/cos(cx+d),sin^m cos^n,x^n ln x,sin(ax+b)cos(cx+d) - Powers —
(x+c)^n,sin^n/cos^n/tan^n/sec^nreductions,cos⁻²→tan - Rational —
c/(x-a),1/((x-a)(x-b)),P/Qpartial fractions (deg Q ≤ 6),atanfor1/(x²+a²) - Substitution —
u^n u', elementaryf(u)·u' - Integration by parts — depth-limited, with direct integrate fallback
Not implemented: full Risch decision procedure, algebraic extensions, or RUBI-scale rule databases.