sentry_options/

features.rs

//! Feature flag evaluation.
//!
//! Provides [`FeatureContext`] and [`FeatureChecker`] for evaluating feature
//! flags stored in the options system.

use chrono::{DateTime, NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime};
use num::bigint::{BigInt, Sign};
use std::cell::{Cell, OnceCell};
use std::collections::HashMap;

use serde_json::Value;
use sha1::{Digest, Sha1};

/// Features created after this date bucket their percentage rollouts
/// by feature name as well as by context identity, so two features at the
/// same rollout reach different populations instead of the same low buckets.
/// Features created on or before it, or whose `created_at` does not parse,
/// keep bucketing on the identity alone: changing that would move their
/// in-flight partial rollouts between organizations.
const FEATURE_BUCKETING_EPOCH: NaiveDate = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2026, 10, 5).unwrap();

/// Parse a feature's creation date.
///
/// Accepts dates and datetimes. Timestamps with an offset are converted to
/// UTC before taking the date; values without an offset use their date as
/// written. Invalid values return `None`.
fn parse_created_at(raw: &str) -> Option<NaiveDate> {
    if let Ok(date) = NaiveDate::parse_from_str(raw, "%Y-%m-%d") {
        return Some(date);
    }
    if let Ok(datetime) = NaiveDateTime::parse_from_str(raw, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%.f") {
        return Some(datetime.date());
    }
    DateTime::parse_from_str(raw, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%.f%z")
        .ok()
        .map(|datetime| datetime.naive_utc().date())
}

/// Whether a feature with this `created_at` buckets rollouts by feature name.
fn created_after_epoch(created_at: Option<&str>) -> bool {
    created_at
        .and_then(parse_created_at)
        .is_some_and(|created_at| created_at > FEATURE_BUCKETING_EPOCH)
}

/// Produce a Python-compatible string representation for identity hashing.
fn value_to_id_string(value: &Value) -> String {
    match value {
        Value::String(s) => s.clone(),
        Value::Number(n) => {
            if let Some(i) = n.as_i64() {
                i.to_string()
            } else if let Some(f) = n.as_f64() {
                // Match Python's str() output: 1.0 -> "1.0", 1.5 -> "1.5"
                if f.fract() == 0.0 {
                    format!("{f:.1}")
                } else {
                    f.to_string()
                }
            } else {
                n.to_string()
            }
        }
        Value::Bool(b) => if *b { "True" } else { "False" }.to_string(),
        Value::Array(arr) => {
            let items: Vec<String> = arr.iter().map(value_to_id_string).collect();
            format!("[{}]", items.join(", "))
        }
        Value::Null => "None".to_string(),
        Value::Object(_) => value.to_string(),
    }
}

/// Application context passed to feature flag evaluation.
///
/// Contains arbitrary key-value data used to evaluate feature flag conditions.
/// The identity fields determine which fields are used for rollout bucketing.
pub struct FeatureContext {
    data: HashMap<String, Value>,
    identity_fields: Vec<String>,
    /// The identity string and its hash, cached until the data or identity
    /// fields change.
    cached_identity: OnceCell<String>,
    cached_id: Cell<Option<u64>>,
}

impl FeatureContext {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            data: HashMap::new(),
            identity_fields: Vec::new(),
            cached_identity: OnceCell::new(),
            cached_id: Cell::new(None),
        }
    }

    /// Set the fields used to compute this context's rollout identity.
    ///
    /// Fields are sorted lexicographically before hashing. Calling this
    /// resets the cached identity value.
    pub fn identity_fields(&mut self, fields: Vec<&str>) {
        self.identity_fields = fields.into_iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
        self.cached_id.set(None);
        self.cached_identity.take();
    }

    /// Insert a key-value pair into the context.
    pub fn insert(&mut self, key: &str, value: impl Into<Value>) {
        self.data.insert(key.to_string(), value.into());
        self.cached_id.set(None);
        self.cached_identity.take();
    }

    /// Get a context value by key.
    pub fn get(&self, key: &str) -> Option<&Value> {
        self.data.get(key)
    }

    /// Check if a key is present in the context.
    pub fn has(&self, key: &str) -> bool {
        self.data.contains_key(key)
    }

    /// Compute and return this context's rollout identity.
    ///
    /// The result is cached and reset when identity fields or context data change.
    /// When no identity fields are set, all context keys are used (non-deterministic
    /// rollout across contexts with different keys).
    /// The id value is mostly used to id % 100 <= rollout.
    pub fn id(&self) -> u64 {
        if let Some(id) = self.cached_id.get() {
            return id;
        }
        let id = self.compute_id(None);
        self.cached_id.set(Some(id));
        id
    }

    /// The id a percentage rollout buckets this context on.
    ///
    /// Without a feature name this is [`id`](Self::id). With one, the name is
    /// hashed as one more identity entry in front of the identity fields, so
    /// each feature has its own rollout population; see
    /// `FEATURE_BUCKETING_EPOCH` for which features use it.
    pub fn bucket_id(&self, feature_name: Option<&str>) -> u64 {
        match feature_name {
            None => self.id(),
            Some(name) => self.compute_id(Some(name)),
        }
    }

    fn compute_identity(&self) -> String {
        let mut identity_fields: Vec<&String> = self
            .identity_fields
            .iter()
            .filter(|f| self.data.contains_key(f.as_str()))
            .collect();
        if identity_fields.is_empty() {
            identity_fields = self.data.keys().collect();
        }
        identity_fields.sort();

        let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::with_capacity(identity_fields.len() * 2);
        for key in identity_fields {
            parts.push(key.clone());
            parts.push(value_to_id_string(&self.data[key.as_str()]));
        }
        parts.join(":")
    }

    /// Compute the id for a FeatureContext.
    ///
    /// The original python implementation used a bigint value
    /// derived from the sha1 hash.
    ///
    /// This method returns a u64 which contains the lower place
    /// values of the bigint so that our rollout modulo math is
    /// consistent with the original python implementation.
    fn compute_id(&self, feature_name: Option<&str>) -> u64 {
        let identity = self.cached_identity.get_or_init(|| self.compute_identity());
        let mut hasher = Sha1::new();
        if let Some(name) = feature_name {
            hasher.update(name.as_bytes());
            hasher.update(b":");
        }
        hasher.update(identity.as_bytes());
        let digest = hasher.finalize();

        // Create a BigInt to preserve all the 20bytes of the hash digest.
        let bigint = BigInt::from_bytes_be(Sign::Plus, digest.as_slice());

        // We only need the lower places from the big int to retain compatibility.
        // modulo will trim off the u64 overflow, and let us break the bigint
        // into its pieces (there will only be one).
        let small: BigInt = bigint % 1000000000;
        let id_parts = small.to_u64_digits().1;
        if id_parts.is_empty() { 0 } else { id_parts[0] }
    }
}

impl Default for FeatureContext {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
enum OperatorKind {
    In,
    NotIn,
    Contains,
    NotContains,
    Equals,
    NotEquals,
    Matches,
    NotMatches,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Condition {
    property: String,
    operator: OperatorKind,
    value: Value,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Segment {
    rollout: u64,
    conditions: Vec<Condition>,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Feature {
    name: String,
    enabled: bool,
    segments: Vec<Segment>,
    buckets_by_feature: bool,
}

impl Feature {
    fn from_json(name: &str, value: &Value) -> Option<Self> {
        // Default to true to align with flagpole behavior.
        let enabled = value
            .get("enabled")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
            .unwrap_or(true);
        let segments = value
            .get("segments")?
            .as_array()?
            .iter()
            .filter_map(Segment::from_json)
            .collect();
        Some(Feature {
            name: name.to_owned(),
            enabled,
            segments,
            buckets_by_feature: created_after_epoch(
                value.get("created_at").and_then(Value::as_str),
            ),
        })
    }

    fn matches(&self, context: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        if !self.enabled {
            return false;
        }
        let feature_name = self.buckets_by_feature.then_some(self.name.as_str());
        for segment in &self.segments {
            if segment.conditions_match(context) {
                return segment.in_rollout(context, feature_name);
            }
        }
        false
    }
}

impl Segment {
    fn from_json(value: &Value) -> Option<Self> {
        let rollout = value.get("rollout").and_then(|v| v.as_u64()).unwrap_or(100);
        let conditions = value
            .get("conditions")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
            .map(|arr| arr.iter().filter_map(Condition::from_json).collect())
            .unwrap_or_default();
        Some(Segment {
            rollout,
            conditions,
        })
    }

    fn conditions_match(&self, context: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        self.conditions.iter().all(|c| c.matches(context))
    }

    fn in_rollout(&self, context: &FeatureContext, feature_name: Option<&str>) -> bool {
        if self.rollout == 0 {
            return false;
        }
        if self.rollout >= 100 {
            return true;
        }
        context.bucket_id(feature_name) % 100 <= self.rollout
    }
}

impl Condition {
    fn from_json(value: &Value) -> Option<Self> {
        let property = value.get("property")?.as_str()?.to_string();
        let operator = match value.get("operator")?.as_str()? {
            "in" => OperatorKind::In,
            "not_in" => OperatorKind::NotIn,
            "contains" => OperatorKind::Contains,
            "not_contains" => OperatorKind::NotContains,
            "equals" => OperatorKind::Equals,
            "not_equals" => OperatorKind::NotEquals,
            "matches" => OperatorKind::Matches,
            "not_matches" => OperatorKind::NotMatches,
            _ => return None,
        };
        let value = value.get("value")?.clone();
        Some(Condition {
            property,
            operator,
            value,
        })
    }

    fn matches(&self, context: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        let ctx_val = context.get(&self.property);
        let result = match &self.operator {
            OperatorKind::In => eval_in(ctx_val, &self.value),
            OperatorKind::NotIn => eval_in(ctx_val, &self.value).map(|m| !m),
            OperatorKind::Contains => eval_contains(ctx_val, &self.value),
            OperatorKind::NotContains => eval_contains(ctx_val, &self.value).map(|m| !m),
            OperatorKind::Equals => eval_equals(ctx_val, &self.value),
            OperatorKind::NotEquals => eval_equals(ctx_val, &self.value).map(|m| !m),
            OperatorKind::Matches => eval_matches(ctx_val, &self.value),
            OperatorKind::NotMatches => eval_matches(ctx_val, &self.value).map(|m| !m),
        };
        // A comparison that cannot be made is a non-match even when negated:
        // flagpole raises for these, and the exception is caught above the
        // evaluator rather than inverted.
        result.unwrap_or(false)
    }
}

/// For scalar ctx_val, check if it's contained in the condition array.
/// For array ctx_val, check if there is any intersection with the condition array.
/// String comparison is case-insensitive.
///
/// `None` means the comparison could not be made.
fn eval_in(ctx_val: Option<&Value>, condition_val: &Value) -> Option<bool> {
    let arr = condition_val.as_array()?;
    match ctx_val {
        None => Some(false),
        Some(Value::Object(_)) => None,
        Some(Value::Array(ctx_arr)) => Some(ctx_arr.iter().any(|v| scalar_in(v, arr))),
        Some(scalar) => Some(scalar_in(scalar, arr)),
    }
}

fn scalar_in(ctx_val: &Value, arr: &[Value]) -> bool {
    match ctx_val {
        Value::String(s) => {
            let s_lower = s.to_lowercase();
            arr.iter()
                .any(|v| v.as_str().is_some_and(|cv| cv.to_lowercase() == s_lower))
        }
        Value::Number(n) => arr
            .iter()
            .any(|v| v.as_number().is_some_and(|cv| numbers_equal(n, cv))),
        Value::Bool(b) => arr.iter().any(|v| v.as_bool().is_some_and(|cv| cv == *b)),
        _ => false,
    }
}

/// Compare two JSON numbers regardless of their type (int vs float)
/// 1 == 1, 1.0 == 1, and 1.0 == 1.0
fn numbers_equal(a: &serde_json::Number, b: &serde_json::Number) -> bool {
    // !f64 as opposed to (i64 || u64)
    if !a.is_f64() && !b.is_f64() {
        return a == b;
    }
    // mismatched types are cast to float
    matches!((a.as_f64(), b.as_f64()), (Some(x), Some(y)) if x == y)
}

/// Check if a context array contains a condition scalar value.
/// String comparison is case-insensitive.
///
/// A property that is missing or is not a list cannot be searched at all, so
/// `not_contains` does not grant the feature for it either.
fn eval_contains(ctx_val: Option<&Value>, condition_val: &Value) -> Option<bool> {
    let ctx_arr = ctx_val?.as_array()?;
    match condition_val {
        Value::String(s) => {
            let s_lower = s.to_lowercase();
            Some(
                ctx_arr
                    .iter()
                    .any(|v| v.as_str().is_some_and(|cv| cv.to_lowercase() == s_lower)),
            )
        }
        Value::Number(n) => Some(
            ctx_arr
                .iter()
                .any(|v| v.as_number().is_some_and(|cv| numbers_equal(n, cv))),
        ),
        Value::Bool(b) => Some(
            ctx_arr
                .iter()
                .any(|v| v.as_bool().is_some_and(|cv| cv == *b)),
        ),
        _ => None,
    }
}

/// Check if a context value equals a condition value.
/// A missing property equals nothing, and is not treated as unusable.
fn eval_equals(ctx_val: Option<&Value>, condition_val: &Value) -> Option<bool> {
    Some(match ctx_val {
        Some(ctx_val) => values_equal(ctx_val, condition_val),
        None => false,
    })
}

/// Scalars are compared directly (strings case-insensitively).
/// Arrays are compared element-wise with matching length.
fn values_equal(ctx_val: &Value, condition_val: &Value) -> bool {
    match (ctx_val, condition_val) {
        (Value::String(a), Value::String(b)) => a.to_lowercase() == b.to_lowercase(),
        (Value::Number(a), Value::Number(b)) => numbers_equal(a, b),
        (Value::Bool(a), Value::Bool(b)) => a == b,
        (Value::Array(a), Value::Array(b)) => {
            a.len() == b.len() && a.iter().zip(b.iter()).all(|(av, bv)| values_equal(av, bv))
        }
        _ => false,
    }
}

/// Match a value string against a single star-only glob pattern (case-insensitive).
/// '*' matches zero or more characters. All other characters, including '?' and '[',
/// are treated as literals.
fn glob_star_match(pattern: &str, value: &str) -> bool {
    let pattern = pattern.to_lowercase();
    let value = value.to_lowercase();
    let parts: Vec<&str> = pattern.split('*').collect();
    // No wildcard — require exact equality.
    if parts.len() == 1 {
        return value == pattern;
    }
    // Check prefix anchor.
    if !value.starts_with(parts[0]) {
        return false;
    }
    // Check suffix anchor (skip when the last part is empty, i.e. pattern ends with '*').
    if !parts[parts.len() - 1].is_empty() && !value.ends_with(parts[parts.len() - 1]) {
        return false;
    }
    // Search window: after the prefix, before the suffix.
    let end = if parts[parts.len() - 1].is_empty() {
        value.len()
    } else {
        value.len() - parts[parts.len() - 1].len()
    };
    let mut start = parts[0].len();
    // The prefix and suffix anchors overlap, meaning the
    // value is shorter than prefix + suffix combined — no valid match possible.
    if start > end {
        return false;
    }
    // Walk middle segments left-to-right, advancing the cursor on each hit.
    for part in &parts[1..parts.len() - 1] {
        if part.is_empty() {
            // Skip consecutive '*'s.
            continue;
        }
        match value[start..end].find(*part) {
            Some(idx) => start += idx + part.len(),
            None => return false,
        }
    }
    true
}

/// Check if a string context value matches any pattern in the condition array.
/// Patterns use star-only glob semantics; comparison is case-insensitive.
/// Returns false for non-string context values.
fn eval_matches(ctx_val: Option<&Value>, condition_val: &Value) -> Option<bool> {
    let arr = condition_val.as_array()?;
    match ctx_val {
        // A container cannot be glob matched against.
        Some(Value::Array(_) | Value::Object(_)) => None,
        None => Some(false),
        Some(scalar) => {
            let Some(s) = scalar.as_str() else {
                return Some(false);
            };
            Some(arr.iter().any(|v| {
                v.as_str()
                    .is_some_and(|pattern| glob_star_match(pattern, s))
            }))
        }
    }
}

/// A handle for checking feature flags within a specific namespace.
/// Why a feature could not be evaluated. Distinct from [`crate::OptionsError`]:
/// an unset feature is not an error here (see [`FeatureChecker::try_has`]), and a
/// value that fails to parse as a `Feature` is.
#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
pub enum FeatureError {
    #[error("Options not initialized - call init() first")]
    NotInitialized,

    #[error("Value for '{key}' is not a valid feature")]
    InvalidValue { key: String },

    #[error(transparent)]
    Options(#[from] crate::OptionsError),
}

pub struct FeatureChecker {
    namespace: String,
    options: Option<&'static crate::Options>,
}

impl FeatureChecker {
    pub fn new(namespace: String, options: &'static crate::Options) -> Self {
        Self {
            namespace,
            options: Some(options),
        }
    }

    /// Check whether a feature flag is enabled for a given context.
    ///
    /// Returns false if the feature is not defined, not enabled, conditions don't match,
    /// or options have not been initialized.
    pub fn has(&self, feature_name: &str, context: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        // Deliberately collapses every failure to false, use `try_has` when the distinction matters.
        match self.try_has(feature_name, context) {
            Ok(Some(result)) => result,
            Ok(None) => false,
            Err(e) => {
                tracing::debug!(feature = feature_name, error = %e, "Feature evaluation failed");
                false
            }
        }
    }

    /// Like [`has`](Self::has), but distinguishes a feature that evaluated to false
    /// from one that could not be evaluated at all.
    ///
    /// - `Ok(Some(bool))` -- evaluated: disabled, no matching segment, or matched
    /// - `Ok(None)` -- no value set for this feature, so there was nothing to evaluate
    /// - `Err(_)` -- evaluation failed: see [`FeatureError`]
    ///
    /// Prefer `has` on hot paths.
    pub fn try_has(
        &self,
        feature_name: &str,
        context: &FeatureContext,
    ) -> Result<Option<bool>, FeatureError> {
        let opts = self.options.ok_or(FeatureError::NotInitialized)?;
        let key = format!("feature.{feature_name}");

        let feature_val = match opts.get(&self.namespace, &key) {
            Ok(v) => v,
            // A feature the schema knows about but that has no value set is absent,
            // not an error: nothing has been rolled out yet.
            Err(crate::OptionsError::UnknownOption { .. }) => return Ok(None),
            Err(e) => return Err(e.into()),
        };

        let feature = Feature::from_json(feature_name, &feature_val)
            .ok_or_else(|| FeatureError::InvalidValue { key: key.clone() })?;

        let result = feature.matches(context);
        tracing::debug!(
            feature = feature_name,
            result,
            bucket_id = context.bucket_id(feature.buckets_by_feature.then_some(feature_name)),
            "Feature match result"
        );
        Ok(Some(result))
    }
}

/// Get a feature checker handle for a namespace.
///
/// Returns a handle that returns false for all checks if `init()` has not been called.
pub fn features(namespace: &str) -> FeatureChecker {
    FeatureChecker {
        namespace: namespace.to_string(),
        options: crate::GLOBAL_OPTIONS.get(),
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::Options;
    use serde_json::json;
    use std::fs;
    use std::path::Path;
    use tempfile::TempDir;

    fn create_schema(dir: &Path, namespace: &str, schema: &str) {
        let schema_dir = dir.join(namespace);
        fs::create_dir_all(&schema_dir).unwrap();
        fs::write(schema_dir.join("schema.json"), schema).unwrap();
    }

    fn create_values(dir: &Path, namespace: &str, values: &str) {
        let ns_dir = dir.join(namespace);
        fs::create_dir_all(&ns_dir).unwrap();
        fs::write(ns_dir.join("values.json"), values).unwrap();
    }

    const FEATURE_SCHEMA: &str = r##"{
        "version": "1.0",
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
            "feature.organizations:test-feature": {
                "$ref": "#/definitions/Feature"
            }
        }
    }"##;

    fn setup_feature_options(feature_json: &str) -> (Options, TempDir) {
        let temp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let schemas = temp.path().join("schemas");
        fs::create_dir_all(&schemas).unwrap();
        create_schema(&schemas, "test", FEATURE_SCHEMA);

        let values = temp.path().join("values");
        let values_json = format!(
            r#"{{"options": {{"feature.organizations:test-feature": {}}}}}"#,
            feature_json
        );
        create_values(&values, "test", &values_json);

        let opts = Options::from_directory(temp.path()).unwrap();
        (opts, temp)
    }

    fn feature_json(enabled: bool, rollout: u64, conditions: &str) -> String {
        format!(
            r#"{{
                "name": "test-feature",
                "enabled": {enabled},
                "owner": {{"team": "test-team"}},
                "created_at": "2024-01-01",
                "segments": [{{
                    "name": "test-segment",
                    "rollout": {rollout},
                    "conditions": [{conditions}]
                }}]
            }}"#
        )
    }

    fn in_condition(property: &str, values: &str) -> String {
        format!(r#"{{"property": "{property}", "operator": "in", "value": [{values}]}}"#)
    }

    fn check(opts: &Options, feature: &str, ctx: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        let key = format!("feature.{feature}");
        let Ok(val) = opts.get("test", &key) else {
            return false;
        };
        Feature::from_json(feature, &val).is_some_and(|parsed_feature| parsed_feature.matches(ctx))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_context_insert_and_get() {
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        ctx.insert("name", json!("sentry"));
        ctx.insert("active", json!(true));

        assert!(ctx.has("org_id"));
        assert!(!ctx.has("missing"));
        assert_eq!(ctx.get("org_id"), Some(&json!(123)));
        assert_eq!(ctx.get("name"), Some(&json!("sentry")));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_context_id_is_cached() {
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["user_id"]);
        ctx.insert("user_id", json!(42));

        let id1 = ctx.id();
        let id2 = ctx.id();
        assert_eq!(id1, id2, "ID should be cached and consistent");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_context_id_resets_on_identity_change() {
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("user_id", json!(1));
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(2));

        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["user_id"]);
        let id_user = ctx.id();

        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["org_id"]);
        let id_org = ctx.id();

        assert_ne!(
            id_user, id_org,
            "Different identity fields should produce different IDs"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_bucket_id_matches_bigint_reference() {
        use num::ToPrimitive;
        use num::bigint::{BigInt, Sign};

        let cases = [
            (0, "organizations:a"),
            (123, "organizations:performance-view"),
            (456, "organizations:performance-view"),
            (123, "organizations:dashboards-edit"),
            // Include a long name to exercise hashing across SHA-1 blocks.
            (
                10_000,
                "organizations:a-feature-name-long-enough-to-span-multiple-sha1-blocks",
            ),
        ];
        for (organization_id, feature_name) in cases {
            let mut context = FeatureContext::new();
            context.insert("organization_id", json!(organization_id));
            context.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);
            let input = format!("{feature_name}:organization_id:{organization_id}");
            let digest = Sha1::digest(input.as_bytes());
            let bigint = BigInt::from_bytes_be(Sign::Plus, digest.as_slice());
            let expected: BigInt = bigint % 1_000_000_000;
            assert_eq!(
                context.bucket_id(Some(feature_name)),
                expected.to_u64().unwrap(),
                "Hash mismatch for {input}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_bucket_id_resets_on_context_changes() {
        for feature_name in [None, Some("organizations:test-feature")] {
            let mut context = FeatureContext::new();
            context.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
            context.insert("user_id", json!(42));
            context.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);
            let original_id = context.bucket_id(feature_name);

            context.insert("organization_id", json!(456));
            let updated_id = context.bucket_id(feature_name);
            assert_ne!(original_id, updated_id);

            context.identity_fields(vec!["user_id"]);
            assert_ne!(updated_id, context.bucket_id(feature_name));
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_context_id_deterministic() {
        let make_ctx = || {
            let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
            ctx.identity_fields(vec!["user_id", "org_id"]);
            ctx.insert("user_id", json!(456));
            ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
            ctx
        };

        assert_eq!(make_ctx().id(), make_ctx().id());

        let mut other_ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        other_ctx.identity_fields(vec!["user_id", "org_id"]);
        other_ctx.insert("user_id", json!(789));
        other_ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));

        assert_ne!(make_ctx().id(), other_ctx.id());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_context_id_value_align_with_python() {
        // Context.id() determines rollout rates with modulo
        // This implementation should generate the same rollout slots
        // as the previous implementation did.
        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 5, "should match with python implementation");

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("foo", json!("bar"));
        ctx.insert("baz", json!("barfoo"));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["foo"]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 62);

        // Undefined fields should not contribute to the id.
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("foo", json!("bar"));
        ctx.insert("baz", json!("barfoo"));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["foo", "whoops"]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 62);

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("foo", json!("bar"));
        ctx.insert("baz", json!("barfoo"));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["foo", "baz"]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 1);

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("foo", json!("bar"));
        ctx.insert("baz", json!("barfoo"));
        // When there is no overlap with identity fields and data,
        // all fields should be used
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["whoops", "nope"]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_prefix_is_added() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_undefined_feature_returns_false() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert!(!check(&opts, "nonexistent", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_missing_context_field_returns_false() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_matching_context_returns_true() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123, 456");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_non_matching_context_returns_false() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123, 456");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(999));

        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_disabled_feature_returns_false() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(false, 100, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rollout_zero_returns_false() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 0, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rollout_100_returns_true() {
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, &cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rollout_is_deterministic() {
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["user_id"]);
        ctx.insert("user_id", json!(42));
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));

        // Add 1 to get around fence post with < vs <=
        let id_mod = (ctx.id() % 100) + 1;
        let cond = in_condition("organization_id", "123");

        let (opts_at, _t1) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, id_mod, &cond));
        assert!(check(&opts_at, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_bucket_id_pinned_values() {
        // Pinned bucket values, reproducible with:
        //   int(hashlib.sha1(b"<feature>:organization_id:123").hexdigest(), 16) % 100
        // organization_slug is excluded because identity_fields limits the hash to organization_id.
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
        ctx.insert("organization_slug", json!("sentry"));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);

        assert_eq!(ctx.bucket_id(None), ctx.id());
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.bucket_id(Some("organizations:performance-view")) % 100,
            64
        );
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.bucket_id(Some("organizations:dashboards-edit")) % 100,
            75
        );

        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.bucket_id(Some("organizations:performance-view")) % 100,
            85
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_created_after_epoch() {
        let cases = [
            ("2026-10-05", false),
            ("2026-10-05T00:00:00", false),
            ("2026-10-05T00:00:01", false),
            ("2026-10-05T00:00:00.000001", false),
            ("2026-10-05T23:59:59.999999999", false),
            ("2026-10-06", true),
            ("2026-10-06T00:00:00", true),
            ("2026-10-04T23:00:00-02:00", false),
            ("2026-10-05T23:00:00-02:00", true),
            ("2026-10-05T23:00:00-0200", true),
            ("2026-10-06T01:00:00+02:00", false),
            ("2026-10-06T01:00:00+0200", false),
            ("2024-01-01", false),
            ("None", false),
            ("not a date", false),
        ];
        for (created_at, expected) in cases {
            assert_eq!(
                created_after_epoch(Some(created_at)),
                expected,
                "{created_at}"
            );
        }
        assert!(!created_after_epoch(None));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rollout_keeps_identity_bucketing_for_features_created_before_epoch() {
        // Organization 123 is bucket 56 on identity alone. Under the feature
        // name it would be 64 (see the test below), which rollout 56 excludes.
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.id() % 100, 56);

        let feature = |rollout: u64| {
            let value = json!({
                "created_at": "2024-01-01",
                "segments": [{"name": "all", "rollout": rollout, "conditions": []}]
            });
            Feature::from_json("organizations:performance-view", &value)
                .unwrap()
                .matches(&ctx)
        };
        assert!(feature(56));
        assert!(!feature(55));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rollout_buckets_by_feature_for_features_created_after_epoch() {
        // Organization 123 lands in a different bucket under each feature, so
        // the two features at the same rollout reach different populations.
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.bucket_id(Some("organizations:performance-view")) % 100,
            64
        );
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.bucket_id(Some("organizations:dashboards-edit")) % 100,
            75
        );

        let feature = |name: &str, rollout: u64| {
            let value = json!({
                "created_at": "2026-12-01",
                "segments": [{"name": "all", "rollout": rollout, "conditions": []}]
            });
            Feature::from_json(name, &value).unwrap().matches(&ctx)
        };
        assert!(feature("organizations:performance-view", 64));
        assert!(!feature("organizations:performance-view", 63));
        assert!(!feature("organizations:dashboards-edit", 64));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_first_matching_segment_decides_rollout() {
        let mut context = FeatureContext::new();
        context.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
        context.identity_fields(vec!["organization_id"]);

        for (rollout, expected) in [
            (0, false),
            (63, false),
            (64, true),
            (100, true),
            (101, true),
        ] {
            let value = json!({
                "created_at": "2026-12-01",
                "segments": [
                    {"name": "first", "rollout": rollout, "conditions": []},
                    {"name": "second", "rollout": 100, "conditions": []}
                ]
            });
            let feature = Feature::from_json("organizations:performance-view", &value).unwrap();

            assert_eq!(feature.matches(&context), expected, "rollout {rollout}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_in_string_case_insensitive() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "in", "value": ["Sentry", "ACME"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("sentry"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_in() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "organization_id", "operator": "not_in", "value": [999]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("organization_id", json!(123));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("organization_id", json!(999));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_in_list_property_matches_on_overlap() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "plan_family", "operator": "in", "value": ["business"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("plan_family", json!(["enterprise business", "Business"]));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("plan_family", json!(["team"]));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("plan_family", json!([]));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_in_list_property_requires_no_overlap() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "plan_family", "operator": "not_in", "value": ["business"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("plan_family", json!(["enterprise business", "business"]));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("plan_family", json!(["team"]));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_in_list_property_no_type_coercion() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": ["123"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!([123]));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let int_cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [123]}"#;
        let (int_opts, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, int_cond));
        assert!(check(&int_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_in_matches_across_int_and_float() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [123.0]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut list_ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        list_ctx.insert("org_id", json!([123]));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &list_ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("org_id", json!(124));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_in_large_ints_compare_exactly() {
        // 2^53 + 1 and 2^53 collide as f64, so ints must not round-trip through it.
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [9007199254740993]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(9007199254740992i64));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("org_id", json!(9007199254740993i64));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        // Above i64::MAX, where as_i64() gives up but the values are still exact.
        let big = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [18446744073709551615]}"#;
        let (big_opts, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, big));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("org_id", json!(18446744073709551614u64));
        assert!(!check(&big_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));

        let mut ctx4 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx4.insert("org_id", json!(18446744073709551615u64));
        assert!(check(&big_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx4));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_contains() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "tags", "operator": "contains", "value": "beta"}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("tags", json!(["alpha", "beta"]));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("tags", json!(["alpha"]));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_contains_matches_across_int_and_float() {
        let int_cond = r#"{"property": "ids", "operator": "contains", "value": 123}"#;
        let (int_opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, int_cond));

        let float_cond = r#"{"property": "ids", "operator": "contains", "value": 123.0}"#;
        let (float_opts, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, float_cond));

        let mut int_ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        int_ctx.insert("ids", json!([123]));
        let mut float_ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        float_ctx.insert("ids", json!([123.0]));

        // Matches regardless of which side holds the float.
        assert!(check(&int_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &int_ctx));
        assert!(check(&int_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &float_ctx));
        assert!(check(&float_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &int_ctx));
        assert!(check(&float_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &float_ctx));

        let mut other = FeatureContext::new();
        other.insert("ids", json!([124]));
        assert!(!check(&int_opts, "organizations:test-feature", &other));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_equals() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "plan", "operator": "equals", "value": "enterprise"}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("plan", json!("Enterprise"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("plan", json!("free"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_equals_large_ints_compare_exactly() {
        // Above i64::MAX these used to collapse into f64 and compare equal.
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "equals", "value": 18446744073709551615}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(18446744073709551614u64));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("org_id", json!(18446744073709551615u64));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_equals_bool() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "is_free", "operator": "equals", "value": true}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("is_free", json!(true));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("is_free", json!(false));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_segment_with_no_conditions_always_matches() {
        let feature = r#"{
            "name": "test-feature",
            "enabled": true,
            "owner": {"team": "test-team"},
            "created_at": "2024-01-01",
            "segments": [{"name": "open", "rollout": 100, "conditions": []}]
        }"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(feature);

        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_enabled_and_rollout_default_values() {
        // This feature doesn't define .enabled or .segments[0].rollout
        let feature = r#"{
            "name": "test-feature",
            "owner": {"team": "test-team"},
            "created_at": "2024-01-01",
            "segments": [
                {
                    "name": "first",
                    "conditions": [{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value":[1]}]
                }
            ]
        }"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(feature);

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", 1);
        ctx.identity_fields(vec!["org_id"]);
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_feature_with_no_segments_returns_false() {
        let feature = r#"{
            "name": "test-feature",
            "enabled": true,
            "owner": {"team": "test-team"},
            "created_at": "2024-01-01",
            "segments": []
        }"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(feature);

        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_segments_or_logic() {
        let feature = r#"{
            "name": "test-feature",
            "enabled": true,
            "owner": {"team": "test-team"},
            "created_at": "2024-01-01",
            "segments": [
                {
                    "name": "segment-a",
                    "rollout": 100,
                    "conditions": [{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [1]}]
                },
                {
                    "name": "segment-b",
                    "rollout": 100,
                    "conditions": [{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [2]}]
                }
            ]
        }"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(feature);

        let mut ctx1 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx1.insert("org_id", json!(1));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx1));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("org_id", json!(2));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("org_id", json!(3));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_conditions_and_logic() {
        let conds = r#"
            {"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": [123]},
            {"property": "user_email", "operator": "in", "value": ["admin@example.com"]}
        "#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, conds));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        ctx.insert("user_email", json!("admin@example.com"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        ctx2.insert("user_email", json!("other@example.com"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_in_int_context_against_string_list_returns_false() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "in", "value": ["123", "456"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_in_string_context_against_int_list_returns_false() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "in", "value": [123, 456]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("123"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_in_bool_context_against_string_list_returns_false() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "active", "operator": "in", "value": ["true", "false"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("active", json!(true));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_in_float_context_against_string_list_returns_false() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "score", "operator": "in", "value": ["0.5", "1.0"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("score", json!(0.5));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_not_in_int_context_against_string_list_returns_true() {
        // Type mismatch means "in" is false, so "not_in" is true
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "not_in", "value": ["123", "456"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_not_in_string_context_against_int_list_returns_true() {
        // Type mismatch means "in" is false, so "not_in" is true
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_in", "value": [123, 456]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("123"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_literal() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["sentry"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("sentry"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("getsentry"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_prefix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("jayonb73"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // '*' matches zero chars too
        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("jayonb"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("slug", json!("dangoldonb1"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_prefix_and_suffix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "email", "operator": "matches", "value": ["jay.goss+onboarding*@sentry.io"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding70@sentry.io"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // '*' matches zero chars — prefix runs directly into suffix
        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding@sentry.io"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding70@example.com"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_suffix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "email", "operator": "matches", "value": ["*@sentry.io"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("email", json!("user@sentry.io"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("email", json!("user@example.com"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_multi_segment_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "name", "operator": "matches", "value": ["a*b*c"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("name", json!("abc"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("name", json!("aXbYc"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("name", json!("aXXbYYc"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));

        let mut ctx4 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx4.insert("name", json!("aXXc"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx4));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_star_only_pattern() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("anything"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!(""));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_case_insensitive() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["JAYONB*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("jayonb73"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // Pattern lowercase, value uppercase
        let cond2 = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts2, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond2));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("JAYONB73"));
        assert!(check(&opts2, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_no_match() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("dangoldonb1"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_multiple_patterns() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["jayonb*", "dangoldonb*", "value-disc-*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let slugs = [
            ("jayonb73", true),
            ("dangoldonb3", true),
            ("value-disc-7", true),
            ("other-org", false),
        ];
        for (slug, expected) in slugs {
            let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
            ctx.insert("slug", json!(slug));
            assert_eq!(
                check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx),
                expected,
                "slug={slug}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_overlapping_prefix_suffix_anchors() {
        // "a*a" requires at least "aa" — a single "a" must not match.
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["a*a"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("a"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("aa"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        // "ab*ab" requires at least "abab" — "ab" alone must not match.
        let cond2 = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "matches", "value": ["ab*ab"]}"#;
        let (opts2, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("slug", json!("ab"));
        assert!(!check(&opts2, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));

        let mut ctx4 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx4.insert("slug", json!("abab"));
        assert!(check(&opts2, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx4));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_matches_non_string_context_returns_false() {
        // Non-string context values should not match any pattern — eval_matches returns false.
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "matches", "value": ["123*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_literal() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["sentry"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        // Exact match → not_matches returns false
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("sentry"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // No match → not_matches returns true
        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("getsentry"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_prefix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("jayonb73"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // '*' matches zero chars — bare prefix is still a match, so not_matches = false
        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("jayonb"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("slug", json!("dangoldonb1"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_prefix_and_suffix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "email", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["jay.goss+onboarding*@sentry.io"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding70@sentry.io"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding@sentry.io"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("email", json!("jay.goss+onboarding70@example.com"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_suffix_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "email", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["*@sentry.io"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("email", json!("user@sentry.io"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("email", json!("user@example.com"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_multi_segment_wildcard() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "name", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["a*b*c"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("name", json!("abc"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("name", json!("aXbYc"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));

        let mut ctx3 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx3.insert("name", json!("aXXbYYc"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx3));

        // Does not match pattern → not_matches returns true
        let mut ctx4 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx4.insert("name", json!("aXXc"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx4));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_star_only_pattern() {
        // "*" matches everything — not_matches always returns false
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("anything"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!(""));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_case_insensitive() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["JAYONB*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        // Pattern uppercase, value lowercase — still matches, so not_matches = false
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("jayonb73"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        // Pattern lowercase, value uppercase — still matches, so not_matches = false
        let cond2 = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts2, _t2) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond2));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("JAYONB73"));
        assert!(!check(&opts2, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_no_match() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["jayonb*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("dangoldonb1"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_multiple_patterns() {
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["jayonb*", "dangoldonb*", "value-disc-*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        // Any pattern matches → not_matches returns false
        let slugs_false = ["jayonb73", "dangoldonb3", "value-disc-7"];
        for slug in slugs_false {
            let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
            ctx.insert("slug", json!(slug));
            assert!(
                !check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx),
                "slug={slug} should not match"
            );
        }

        // No pattern matches → not_matches returns true
        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("other-org"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_overlapping_prefix_suffix_anchors() {
        // "a*a" requires at least "aa" — "a" alone doesn't match, so not_matches = true
        let cond = r#"{"property": "slug", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["a*a"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("slug", json!("a"));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));

        let mut ctx2 = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx2.insert("slug", json!("aa"));
        assert!(!check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_condition_not_matches_non_string_context_returns_true() {
        // eval_matches returns false for non-string → not_matches returns true
        let cond = r#"{"property": "org_id", "operator": "not_matches", "value": ["123*"]}"#;
        let (opts, _t) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, cond));

        let mut ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        ctx.insert("org_id", json!(123));
        assert!(check(&opts, "organizations:test-feature", &ctx));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_id_string_is_stable() {
        for (value, expected) in [
            (json!("sentry"), "sentry"),
            (json!(123), "123"),
            (json!(-7), "-7"),
            (json!(true), "True"),
            (json!(false), "False"),
            (json!(null), "None"),
            (json!(1.0), "1.0"),
            (json!(1.5), "1.5"),
            (json!(["a", "b"]), "[a, b]"),
            (json!([1, 2]), "[1, 2]"),
            (json!([]), "[]"),
        ] {
            assert_eq!(value_to_id_string(&value), expected, "for {value}");
        }
    }

    fn condition_matches(operator: &str, value: &str, ctx: &FeatureContext) -> bool {
        let json = format!(r#"{{"property": "prop", "operator": "{operator}", "value": {value}}}"#);
        Condition::from_json(&serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap())
            .expect("condition should parse")
            .matches(ctx)
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_missing_property_matches_only_negated_conditions() {
        let ctx = FeatureContext::new();
        for (operator, value, expected) in [
            ("in", "[1]", false),
            ("not_in", "[1]", true),
            ("equals", "1", false),
            ("not_equals", "1", true),
            ("matches", r#"["a"]"#, false),
            ("not_matches", r#"["a"]"#, true),
            // `contains` has no list to search, so neither form matches.
            ("contains", r#""a""#, false),
            ("not_contains", r#""a""#, false),
        ] {
            assert_eq!(
                condition_matches(operator, value, &ctx),
                expected,
                "{operator}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_unusable_property_type_matches_neither_form() {
        let mut map = FeatureContext::new();
        map.insert("prop", json!({"k": "v"}));
        let mut scalar = FeatureContext::new();
        scalar.insert("prop", json!("a"));
        let mut list = FeatureContext::new();
        list.insert("prop", json!(["b"]));

        for (operator, value, ctx) in [
            ("in", "[1]", &map),
            ("not_in", "[1]", &map),
            ("contains", r#""a""#, &scalar),
            ("not_contains", r#""a""#, &scalar),
            ("matches", r#"["b"]"#, &list),
            ("not_matches", r#"["b"]"#, &list),
        ] {
            assert!(!condition_matches(operator, value, ctx), "{operator}");
        }

        // A usable list that lacks the value still matches when negated.
        assert!(condition_matches("not_contains", r#""a""#, &list));
    }

    /// FeatureChecker holds a `&'static Options`, so tests leak one.
    fn checker(opts: Options, namespace: &str) -> FeatureChecker {
        FeatureChecker::new(namespace.to_string(), Box::leak(Box::new(opts)))
    }

    /// Schema declaring the feature, with a values file that sets nothing.
    fn setup_without_value() -> (Options, TempDir) {
        let temp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let schemas = temp.path().join("schemas");
        fs::create_dir_all(&schemas).unwrap();
        create_schema(&schemas, "test", FEATURE_SCHEMA);
        create_values(&temp.path().join("values"), "test", r#"{"options": {}}"#);
        (Options::from_directory(temp.path()).unwrap(), temp)
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_evaluated() {
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, ""));
        let checker = checker(opts, "test");

        let result = checker.try_has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new());
        assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), Some(true));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_evaluated_false_is_not_absent() {
        // A disabled feature evaluated fine; it just isn't on. This is the case a
        // bare bool conflates with "could not evaluate".
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(false, 100, ""));
        let checker = checker(opts, "test");

        let result = checker.try_has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new());
        assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), Some(false));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_absent_when_no_value_set() {
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_without_value();
        let checker = checker(opts, "test");

        let result = checker.try_has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new());
        assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_absent_when_feature_not_in_schema() {
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, ""));
        let checker = checker(opts, "test");

        let result = checker.try_has("organizations:never-declared", &FeatureContext::new());
        assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_errors_on_unknown_namespace() {
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, ""));
        let checker = checker(opts, "not-a-namespace");

        assert!(matches!(
            checker.try_has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new()),
            Err(FeatureError::Options(
                crate::OptionsError::UnknownNamespace(_)
            ))
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_try_has_errors_when_uninitialized() {
        let checker = FeatureChecker {
            namespace: "test".to_string(),
            options: None,
        };

        assert!(matches!(
            checker.try_has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new()),
            Err(FeatureError::NotInitialized)
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_still_collapses_every_failure_to_false() {
        // has() is the fail-soft read path and must not start propagating.
        let (opts, _temp) = setup_without_value();
        let absent = checker(opts, "test");
        assert!(!absent.has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new()));

        let (opts, _temp) = setup_feature_options(&feature_json(true, 100, ""));
        let unknown_ns = checker(opts, "not-a-namespace");
        assert!(!unknown_ns.has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new()));

        let uninitialized = FeatureChecker {
            namespace: "test".to_string(),
            options: None,
        };
        assert!(!uninitialized.has("organizations:test-feature", &FeatureContext::new()));
    }
}