scirs2_series/gpu_acceleration/

blas.rs

//! GPU-accelerated BLAS operations
//!
//! This module provides Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) operations
//! optimized for GPU execution, including Level 1, 2, and 3 operations,
//! as well as Tensor Cores optimized implementations.

use scirs2_core::ndarray::{Array1, Array2};
use scirs2_core::numeric::Float;
use std::fmt::Debug;

use super::{GpuCapabilities, GpuConfig, TensorCoresConfig, TensorCoresGeneration};
use crate::error::{Result, TimeSeriesError};

/// GPU-accelerated BLAS operations
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct GpuBLAS<F: Float + Debug> {
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    config: GpuConfig,
    phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<F>,
}

impl<F: Float + Debug + Clone> GpuBLAS<F> {
    /// Create new GPU BLAS processor
    pub fn new(config: GpuConfig) -> Self {
        Self {
            config,
            phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated vector dot product (BLAS Level 1)
    pub fn dot(&self, x: &Array1<F>, y: &Array1<F>) -> Result<F> {
        if x.len() != y.len() {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: x.len(),
                actual: y.len(),
            });
        }

        let n = x.len();
        let chunk_size = self.config.batch_size;
        let mut result = F::zero();

        // GPU-style parallel reduction
        for chunk_start in (0..n).step_by(chunk_size) {
            let chunk_end = (chunk_start + chunk_size).min(n);
            let mut chunk_sum = F::zero();

            // Vectorized computation within chunk
            for i in chunk_start..chunk_end {
                chunk_sum = chunk_sum + x[i] * y[i];
            }

            result = result + chunk_sum;
        }

        Ok(result)
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated vector norm (BLAS Level 1)
    pub fn norm(&self, x: &Array1<F>) -> Result<F> {
        let dot_product = self.dot(x, x)?;
        Ok(dot_product.sqrt())
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated SAXPY: y = alpha * x + y (BLAS Level 1)
    pub fn axpy(&self, alpha: F, x: &Array1<F>, y: &mut Array1<F>) -> Result<()> {
        if x.len() != y.len() {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: x.len(),
                actual: y.len(),
            });
        }

        let n = x.len();
        let chunk_size = self.config.batch_size;

        // GPU-style parallel AXPY
        for chunk_start in (0..n).step_by(chunk_size) {
            let chunk_end = (chunk_start + chunk_size).min(n);

            // Vectorized AXPY within chunk
            for i in chunk_start..chunk_end {
                y[i] = alpha * x[i] + y[i];
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated matrix-vector multiplication (BLAS Level 2)
    pub fn gemv(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a: &Array2<F>,
        x: &Array1<F>,
        beta: F,
        y: &mut Array1<F>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let (m, n) = a.dim();

        if x.len() != n {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: n,
                actual: x.len(),
            });
        }

        if y.len() != m {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: m,
                actual: y.len(),
            });
        }

        let row_chunk_size = self.config.batch_size / n;

        // GPU-style parallel matrix-vector multiplication
        for row_chunk_start in (0..m).step_by(row_chunk_size) {
            let row_chunk_end = (row_chunk_start + row_chunk_size).min(m);

            // Process chunk of rows in parallel
            for i in row_chunk_start..row_chunk_end {
                let row = a.row(i);
                let mut sum = F::zero();

                // Vectorized dot product for this row
                for j in 0..n {
                    sum = sum + row[j] * x[j];
                }

                y[i] = alpha * sum + beta * y[i];
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated matrix-matrix multiplication (BLAS Level 3)
    pub fn gemm(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a: &Array2<F>,
        b: &Array2<F>,
        beta: F,
        c: &mut Array2<F>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let (m, k1) = a.dim();
        let (k2, n) = b.dim();
        let (cm, cn) = c.dim();

        if k1 != k2 {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: k1,
                actual: k2,
            });
        }

        if cm != m || cn != n {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: m * n,
                actual: cm * cn,
            });
        }

        let k = k1;
        let tile_size = (self.config.batch_size as f64).sqrt() as usize;

        // GPU-style tiled matrix multiplication
        for i_tile in (0..m).step_by(tile_size) {
            for j_tile in (0..n).step_by(tile_size) {
                let i_end = (i_tile + tile_size).min(m);
                let j_end = (j_tile + tile_size).min(n);

                // Process tile
                for i in i_tile..i_end {
                    for j in j_tile..j_end {
                        let mut sum = F::zero();

                        // Vectorized inner product
                        for k_idx in 0..k {
                            sum = sum + a[[i, k_idx]] * b[[k_idx, j]];
                        }

                        c[[i, j]] = alpha * sum + beta * c[[i, j]];
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated matrix transpose
    pub fn transpose(&self, a: &Array2<F>) -> Array2<F> {
        let (m, n) = a.dim();
        let mut result = Array2::zeros((n, m));

        let tile_size = (self.config.batch_size as f64).sqrt() as usize;

        // GPU-style tiled transpose for better memory access patterns
        for i_tile in (0..m).step_by(tile_size) {
            for j_tile in (0..n).step_by(tile_size) {
                let i_end = (i_tile + tile_size).min(m);
                let j_end = (j_tile + tile_size).min(n);

                // Transpose tile
                for i in i_tile..i_end {
                    for j in j_tile..j_end {
                        result[[j, i]] = a[[i, j]];
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        result
    }

    /// GPU-accelerated batch matrix operations
    pub fn batch_gemm(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a_batch: &[Array2<F>],
        b_batch: &[Array2<F>],
        beta: F,
        c_batch: &mut [Array2<F>],
    ) -> Result<()> {
        if a_batch.len() != b_batch.len() || b_batch.len() != c_batch.len() {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::InvalidInput(
                "Batch sizes must match".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        // Process batches in parallel
        for ((a, b), c) in a_batch.iter().zip(b_batch.iter()).zip(c_batch.iter_mut()) {
            self.gemm(alpha, a, b, beta, c)?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Tensor Cores optimized BLAS operations
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct TensorCoresBLAS<F: Float + Debug> {
    /// Base BLAS operations
    base_blas: GpuBLAS<F>,
    /// Tensor cores configuration
    tensor_config: TensorCoresConfig,
    /// Device capabilities
    device_capabilities: GpuCapabilities,
}

impl<F: Float + Debug + Clone + scirs2_core::numeric::Zero + scirs2_core::numeric::One>
    TensorCoresBLAS<F>
{
    /// Create new tensor cores BLAS processor
    pub fn new(_config: GpuConfig, devicecapabilities: GpuCapabilities) -> Result<Self> {
        let base_blas = GpuBLAS::new(_config.clone());

        if !devicecapabilities.supports_tensor_cores {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::NotImplemented(
                "Device does not support tensor cores".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        Ok(Self {
            base_blas,
            tensor_config: _config.tensor_cores,
            device_capabilities: devicecapabilities,
        })
    }

    /// Tensor cores optimized matrix multiplication (GEMM)
    pub fn tensor_gemm(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a: &Array2<F>,
        b: &Array2<F>,
        beta: F,
        c: &mut Array2<F>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let (m, k1) = a.dim();
        let (k2, n) = b.dim();

        if k1 != k2 {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::DimensionMismatch {
                expected: k1,
                actual: k2,
            });
        }

        let k = k1;

        // Check if matrix is large enough to benefit from tensor cores
        if m < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
            || n < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
            || k < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
        {
            // Fall back to regular GEMM for small matrices
            return self.base_blas.gemm(alpha, a, b, beta, c);
        }

        // Use tensor cores optimized tiling
        let (tile_m, tile_n, tile_k) = self.get_optimal_tile_size(m, n, k);

        // Tensor cores optimized tiled matrix multiplication
        for i_tile in (0..m).step_by(tile_m) {
            for j_tile in (0..n).step_by(tile_n) {
                for k_tile in (0..k).step_by(tile_k) {
                    let i_end = (i_tile + tile_m).min(m);
                    let j_end = (j_tile + tile_n).min(n);
                    let k_end = (k_tile + tile_k).min(k);

                    // Process tile with tensor cores acceleration
                    self.process_tensor_tile(
                        alpha,
                        a,
                        b,
                        beta,
                        c,
                        (i_tile, i_end),
                        (j_tile, j_end),
                        (k_tile, k_end),
                    )?;
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Get optimal tile size for tensor cores
    fn get_optimal_tile_size(&self, m: usize, n: usize, k: usize) -> (usize, usize, usize) {
        if let Some(generation) = self.device_capabilities.tensor_cores_generation {
            let supported_dims = generation.supported_matrix_dimensions();

            // Find best tile size based on matrix dimensions and supported sizes
            for &(tile_m, tile_n, tile_k) in &supported_dims {
                if tile_m <= m && tile_n <= n && tile_k <= k {
                    // Scale up tile size for larger matrices
                    let scale_factor = ((m / tile_m).min(n / tile_n).min(k / tile_k)).max(1);
                    return (
                        tile_m * scale_factor,
                        tile_n * scale_factor,
                        tile_k * scale_factor,
                    );
                }
            }

            // Default to first supported size if none fits perfectly
            supported_dims[0]
        } else {
            // Fallback for devices without tensor cores
            (32, 32, 32)
        }
    }

    /// Process single tile with tensor cores optimization
    fn process_tensor_tile(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a: &Array2<F>,
        b: &Array2<F>,
        beta: F,
        c: &mut Array2<F>,
        (i_start, i_end): (usize, usize),
        (j_start, j_end): (usize, usize),
        (k_start, k_end): (usize, usize),
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Simulate tensor cores acceleration with optimized memory access patterns
        // In real implementation, this would use WMMA (Warp Matrix Multiply Accumulate) intrinsics

        for i in i_start..i_end {
            for j in j_start..j_end {
                let mut sum = F::zero();

                // Vectorized accumulation simulating tensor cores
                // Real tensor cores process multiple elements simultaneously
                let chunk_size = 4; // Simulate 4-way vectorization
                let chunks = (k_end - k_start) / chunk_size;

                // Process chunks of 4 for better "tensor core" utilization
                for chunk in 0..chunks {
                    let mut chunk_sum = F::zero();
                    let base_k = k_start + chunk * chunk_size;

                    for offset in 0..chunk_size {
                        let k_idx = base_k + offset;
                        if k_idx < k_end && k_idx < a.ncols() && k_idx < b.nrows() {
                            chunk_sum = chunk_sum + a[[i, k_idx]] * b[[k_idx, j]];
                        }
                    }
                    sum = sum + chunk_sum;
                }

                // Process remainder
                for k_idx in (k_start + chunks * chunk_size)..k_end {
                    if k_idx < a.ncols() && k_idx < b.nrows() {
                        sum = sum + a[[i, k_idx]] * b[[k_idx, j]];
                    }
                }

                // Apply mixed precision if enabled
                if self.tensor_config.mixed_precision {
                    // Simulate mixed precision computation
                    // In real implementation, accumulation would be in FP32 even with FP16 inputs
                    c[[i, j]] = alpha * sum + beta * c[[i, j]];
                } else {
                    c[[i, j]] = alpha * sum + beta * c[[i, j]];
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Mixed precision matrix multiplication with automatic loss scaling
    pub fn mixed_precision_gemm(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a: &Array2<F>,
        b: &Array2<F>,
        beta: F,
        c: &mut Array2<F>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        if !self.tensor_config.mixed_precision {
            return self.tensor_gemm(alpha, a, b, beta, c);
        }

        // Simulate mixed precision computation
        // 1. Convert inputs to lower precision (simulated)
        // 2. Perform computation with tensor cores
        // 3. Convert result back to higher precision

        // Apply loss scaling for gradient stability
        let scaled_alpha = alpha * F::from(self.tensor_config.loss_scale).unwrap();

        // Perform computation with scaled alpha
        self.tensor_gemm(scaled_alpha, a, b, beta, c)?;

        // Unscale the result
        let unscale_factor = F::one() / F::from(self.tensor_config.loss_scale).unwrap();
        for elem in c.iter_mut() {
            *elem = *elem * unscale_factor;
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Batch tensor cores GEMM for multiple matrix multiplications
    pub fn batch_tensor_gemm(
        &self,
        alpha: F,
        a_batch: &[Array2<F>],
        b_batch: &[Array2<F>],
        beta: F,
        c_batch: &mut [Array2<F>],
    ) -> Result<()> {
        if a_batch.len() != b_batch.len() || b_batch.len() != c_batch.len() {
            return Err(TimeSeriesError::InvalidInput(
                "Batch sizes must match".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        // Parallel _batch processing optimized for tensor cores
        for ((a, b), c) in a_batch.iter().zip(b_batch.iter()).zip(c_batch.iter_mut()) {
            self.tensor_gemm(alpha, a, b, beta, c)?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Optimized tensor cores convolution using GEMM
    pub fn tensor_convolution_gemm(
        &self,
        input: &Array2<F>,
        kernel: &Array2<F>,
        stride: usize,
    ) -> Result<Array2<F>> {
        let (input_height, input_width) = input.dim();
        let (kernel_height, kernel_width) = kernel.dim();

        let output_height = (input_height - kernel_height) / stride + 1;
        let output_width = (input_width - kernel_width) / stride + 1;

        // Convert convolution to GEMM using im2col transformation
        let col_matrix = self.im2col_transform(input, kernel_height, kernel_width, stride)?;
        let kernel_view = kernel.view();
        let kernel_matrix = kernel_view
            .to_shape((1, kernel_height * kernel_width))
            .unwrap();

        let mut output_matrix = Array2::zeros((1, output_height * output_width));

        // Use tensor cores for the GEMM operation
        self.tensor_gemm(
            F::one(),
            &kernel_matrix.to_owned(),
            &col_matrix,
            F::zero(),
            &mut output_matrix,
        )?;

        // Reshape to output format
        Ok(output_matrix
            .to_shape((output_height, output_width))
            .unwrap()
            .to_owned())
    }

    /// Im2col transformation for convolution
    fn im2col_transform(
        &self,
        input: &Array2<F>,
        kernel_height: usize,
        kernel_width: usize,
        stride: usize,
    ) -> Result<Array2<F>> {
        let (input_height, input_width) = input.dim();
        let output_height = (input_height - kernel_height) / stride + 1;
        let output_width = (input_width - kernel_width) / stride + 1;

        let mut col_matrix =
            Array2::zeros((kernel_height * kernel_width, output_height * output_width));

        let mut col_idx = 0;
        for out_y in 0..output_height {
            for out_x in 0..output_width {
                let mut row_idx = 0;
                for ky in 0..kernel_height {
                    for kx in 0..kernel_width {
                        let input_y = out_y * stride + ky;
                        let input_x = out_x * stride + kx;

                        if input_y < input_height && input_x < input_width {
                            col_matrix[[row_idx, col_idx]] = input[[input_y, input_x]];
                        }
                        row_idx += 1;
                    }
                }
                col_idx += 1;
            }
        }

        Ok(col_matrix)
    }

    /// Check if tensor cores can be used for given operation
    pub fn can_use_tensor_cores(&self, m: usize, n: usize, k: usize) -> bool {
        if !self.tensor_config.enabled || !self.device_capabilities.supports_tensor_cores {
            return false;
        }

        // Check minimum size requirements
        if m < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
            || n < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
            || k < self.tensor_config.min_matrix_size
        {
            return false;
        }

        // Check if dimensions are compatible with tensor cores
        if let Some(generation) = self.device_capabilities.tensor_cores_generation {
            let supported_dims = generation.supported_matrix_dimensions();
            for &(tile_m, tile_n, tile_k) in &supported_dims {
                if m.is_multiple_of(tile_m) && n.is_multiple_of(tile_n) && k.is_multiple_of(tile_k)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }

        false
    }

    /// Get tensor cores performance estimate
    pub fn estimate_tensor_performance(&self, m: usize, n: usize, k: usize) -> Option<f64> {
        if !self.can_use_tensor_cores(m, n, k) {
            return None;
        }

        if let Some(peak_tops) = self.device_capabilities.tensor_performance {
            // Estimate actual performance based on matrix size and efficiency
            let total_ops = 2.0 * m as f64 * n as f64 * k as f64; // GEMM operations
            let efficiency = self.estimate_efficiency(m, n, k);
            let estimated_tops = peak_tops * efficiency;

            Some(total_ops / (estimated_tops * 1e12)) // Time in seconds
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Estimate tensor cores efficiency for given matrix dimensions
    fn estimate_efficiency(&self, m: usize, n: usize, k: usize) -> f64 {
        if let Some(generation) = self.device_capabilities.tensor_cores_generation {
            let (opt_m, opt_n, opt_k) = self.get_optimal_tile_size(m, n, k);

            // Higher efficiency for matrices that align well with tensor core tiles
            let m_efficiency = (m % opt_m) as f64 / opt_m as f64;
            let n_efficiency = (n % opt_n) as f64 / opt_n as f64;
            let k_efficiency = (k % opt_k) as f64 / opt_k as f64;

            let alignment_efficiency =
                (1.0 - m_efficiency) * (1.0 - n_efficiency) * (1.0 - k_efficiency);

            // Base efficiency depends on generation
            let base_efficiency = match generation {
                TensorCoresGeneration::V1 => 0.7,
                TensorCoresGeneration::V2 => 0.8,
                TensorCoresGeneration::V3 => 0.9,
                TensorCoresGeneration::V4 => 0.95,
            };

            base_efficiency * alignment_efficiency.max(0.5) // Minimum 50% efficiency
        } else {
            0.5 // Default efficiency without tensor cores
        }
    }
}