rattler_shell/

activation.rs

#![deny(missing_docs)]

//! This crate provides helper functions to activate and deactivate virtual
//! environments.

#[cfg(target_family = "unix")]
use std::io::Write;
use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    ffi::OsStr,
    path::{Path, PathBuf},
    process::ExitStatus,
};

#[cfg(target_family = "unix")]
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use fs_err as fs;
use indexmap::IndexMap;
use itertools::Itertools;
use rattler_conda_types::Platform;
#[cfg(target_family = "unix")]
use rattler_pty::unix::PtySession;

use crate::shell::{Shell, ShellError, ShellScript};

const ENV_START_SEPARATOR: &str = "____RATTLER_ENV_START____";

/// Type of modification done to the `PATH` variable
#[derive(Default, Clone)]
pub enum PathModificationBehavior {
    /// Replaces the complete path variable with specified paths.
    #[default]
    Replace,
    /// Appends the new path variables to the path. E.g. <PATH:/new/path>
    Append,
    /// Prepends the new path variables to the path. E.g. "/new/path:$PATH"
    Prepend,
}

/// A struct that contains the values of the environment variables that are
/// relevant for the activation process. The values are stored as strings.
/// Currently, only the `PATH` and `CONDA_PREFIX` environment variables are
/// used.
#[derive(Default, Clone)]
pub struct ActivationVariables {
    /// The value of the `CONDA_PREFIX` environment variable that contains the
    /// activated conda prefix path
    pub conda_prefix: Option<PathBuf>,

    /// The value of the `PATH` environment variable that contains the paths to
    /// the executables
    pub path: Option<Vec<PathBuf>>,

    /// The type of behavior of what should happen with the defined paths.
    pub path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior,

    /// Current environment variables
    pub current_env: HashMap<String, String>,
}

impl ActivationVariables {
    /// Create a new `ActivationVariables` struct from the environment
    /// variables.
    pub fn from_env() -> Result<Self, std::env::VarError> {
        // Read all environment variables here
        let current_env: HashMap<String, String> = std::env::vars().collect();

        Ok(Self {
            conda_prefix: current_env.get("CONDA_PREFIX").map(PathBuf::from),
            path: None,
            path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
            current_env,
        })
    }
}

/// A struct that holds values for the activation and deactivation
/// process of an environment, e.g. activation scripts to execute or environment
/// variables to set.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Activator<T: Shell + 'static> {
    /// The path to the root of the conda environment
    pub target_prefix: PathBuf,

    /// The type of shell that is being activated
    pub shell_type: T,

    /// Paths that need to be added to the PATH environment variable
    pub paths: Vec<PathBuf>,

    /// A list of scripts to run when activating the environment
    pub activation_scripts: Vec<PathBuf>,

    /// A list of scripts to run when deactivating the environment
    pub deactivation_scripts: Vec<PathBuf>,

    /// A list of environment variables to set before running the activation
    /// scripts. These are evaluated before `activation_scripts` have run.
    pub env_vars: IndexMap<String, String>,

    /// A list of environment variables to set after running the activation
    /// scripts. These are evaluated after `activation_scripts` have run.
    pub post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap<String, String>,

    /// The platform for which to generate the Activator
    pub platform: Platform,
}

/// Collect all script files that match a certain shell type from a given path.
/// The files are sorted by their filename.
/// If the path does not exist, an empty vector is returned.
/// If the path is not a directory, an error is returned.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `path` - The path to the directory that contains the scripts
/// * `shell_type` - The type of shell that the scripts are for
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A vector of paths to the scripts
///
/// # Errors
///
/// If the path is not a directory, an error is returned.
fn collect_scripts<T: Shell>(path: &Path, shell_type: &T) -> Result<Vec<PathBuf>, std::io::Error> {
    // Check if path exists
    if !path.exists() {
        return Ok(vec![]);
    }

    let paths = fs::read_dir(path)?;

    let mut scripts = paths
        .into_iter()
        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
        .map(|r| r.path())
        .filter(|path| shell_type.can_run_script(path))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    scripts.sort();

    Ok(scripts)
}

/// Error that can occur when activating a conda environment
#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
pub enum ActivationError {
    /// An error that can occur when reading or writing files
    #[error(transparent)]
    IoError(#[from] std::io::Error),

    /// An error that can occur when running a command
    #[error(transparent)]
    ShellError(#[from] ShellError),

    /// An error that can occur when parsing JSON
    #[error("Invalid json for environment vars: {0} in file {1:?}")]
    InvalidEnvVarFileJson(serde_json::Error, PathBuf),

    /// An error that can occur with malformed JSON when parsing files in the
    /// `env_vars.d` directory
    #[error("Malformed JSON: not a plain JSON object in file {file:?}")]
    InvalidEnvVarFileJsonNoObject {
        /// The path to the file that contains the malformed JSON
        file: PathBuf,
    },

    /// An error that can occur when `state` file is malformed
    #[error("Malformed JSON: file does not contain JSON object at key env_vars in file {file:?}")]
    InvalidEnvVarFileStateFile {
        /// The path to the file that contains the malformed JSON
        file: PathBuf,
    },

    /// An error that occurs when writing the activation script to a file fails
    #[error("Failed to write activation script to file {0}")]
    FailedToWriteActivationScript(#[from] std::fmt::Error),

    /// Failed to run the activation script
    #[error("Failed to run activation script (status: {status})")]
    FailedToRunActivationScript {
        /// The contents of the activation script that was run
        script: String,

        /// The stdout output of executing the script
        stdout: String,

        /// The stderr output of executing the script
        stderr: String,

        /// The error code of running the script
        status: ExitStatus,
    },
}

/// Collect all environment variables that are set in a conda environment.
/// The environment variables are collected from the `state` file and the
/// `env_vars.d` directory in the given prefix and are returned as a ordered
/// map.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `prefix` - The path to the root of the conda environment
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A map of environment variables
///
/// # Errors
///
/// If the `state` file or the `env_vars.d` directory cannot be read, an error
/// is returned.
fn collect_env_vars(prefix: &Path) -> Result<IndexMap<String, String>, ActivationError> {
    let state_file = prefix.join("conda-meta/state");
    let pkg_env_var_dir = prefix.join("etc/conda/env_vars.d");
    let mut env_vars = IndexMap::new();

    if pkg_env_var_dir.exists() {
        let env_var_files = pkg_env_var_dir.read_dir()?;

        let mut env_var_files = env_var_files
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
            .map(|e| e.path())
            .filter(|path| path.is_file())
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        // sort env var files to get a deterministic order
        env_var_files.sort();

        let env_var_json_files = env_var_files
            .iter()
            .map(|path| {
                fs::read_to_string(path)?
                    .parse::<serde_json::Value>()
                    .map_err(|e| ActivationError::InvalidEnvVarFileJson(e, path.clone()))
            })
            .collect::<Result<Vec<serde_json::Value>, ActivationError>>()?;

        for (env_var_json, env_var_file) in env_var_json_files.iter().zip(env_var_files.iter()) {
            let env_var_json = env_var_json.as_object().ok_or_else(|| {
                ActivationError::InvalidEnvVarFileJsonNoObject {
                    file: pkg_env_var_dir.clone(),
                }
            })?;

            for (key, value) in env_var_json {
                if let Some(value) = value.as_str() {
                    env_vars.insert(key.clone(), value.to_string());
                } else {
                    tracing::warn!(
                        "WARNING: environment variable {key} has no string value (path: {env_var_file:?})"
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if state_file.exists() {
        let state_json = fs::read_to_string(&state_file)?;

        // load json but preserve the order of dicts - for this we use the serde
        // preserve_order feature
        let state_json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&state_json)
            .map_err(|e| ActivationError::InvalidEnvVarFileJson(e, state_file.clone()))?;

        let state_env_vars = state_json["env_vars"].as_object().ok_or_else(|| {
            ActivationError::InvalidEnvVarFileStateFile {
                file: state_file.clone(),
            }
        })?;

        for (key, value) in state_env_vars {
            if state_env_vars.contains_key(key) {
                tracing::warn!(
                    "WARNING: environment variable {key} already defined in packages (path: {state_file:?})"
                );
            }

            if let Some(value) = value.as_str() {
                env_vars.insert(key.to_uppercase(), value.to_string());
            } else {
                tracing::warn!(
                    "WARNING: environment variable {key} has no string value (path: {state_file:?})"
                );
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(env_vars)
}

/// Return a vector of path entries that are prefixed with the given path.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `prefix` - The path to prefix the path entries with
/// * `operating_system` - The operating system that the path entries are for
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A vector of path entries
pub fn prefix_path_entries(prefix: &Path, platform: &Platform) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
    if platform.is_windows() {
        vec![
            prefix.to_path_buf(),
            prefix.join("Library/mingw-w64/bin"),
            prefix.join("Library/usr/bin"),
            prefix.join("Library/bin"),
            prefix.join("Scripts"),
            prefix.join("bin"),
        ]
    } else {
        vec![prefix.join("bin")]
    }
}

/// The result of a activation. It contains the activation script and the new
/// path entries. The activation script already sets the PATH environment
/// variable, but for "environment stacking" purposes it's useful to have the
/// new path entries separately.
pub struct ActivationResult<T: Shell + 'static> {
    /// The activation script that sets the environment variables, runs
    /// activation/deactivation scripts and sets the new PATH environment
    /// variable
    pub script: ShellScript<T>,
    /// The new path entries that are added to the PATH environment variable
    pub path: Vec<PathBuf>,
}

impl<T: Shell + Clone> Activator<T> {
    /// Return unique env var keys from both `env_vars` and `post_activation_env_vars` in insertion order.
    fn unique_env_keys(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> {
        self.env_vars
            .keys()
            .chain(self.post_activation_env_vars.keys())
            .map(String::as_str)
            .unique()
    }

    // moved: apply_env_vars_with_backup now lives on `ShellScript`

    /// Create a new activator for the given conda environment.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - The path to the root of the conda environment
    /// * `shell_type` - The shell type that the activator is for
    /// * `operating_system` - The operating system that the activator is for
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A new activator
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use rattler_shell::activation::Activator;
    /// use rattler_shell::shell;
    /// use rattler_conda_types::Platform;
    /// use std::path::PathBuf;
    ///
    /// let activator = Activator::from_path(&PathBuf::from("tests/fixtures/env_vars"), shell::Bash, Platform::Osx64).unwrap();
    /// assert_eq!(activator.paths.len(), 1);
    /// assert_eq!(activator.paths[0], PathBuf::from("tests/fixtures/env_vars/bin"));
    /// ```
    pub fn from_path(
        path: &Path,
        shell_type: T,
        platform: Platform,
    ) -> Result<Activator<T>, ActivationError> {
        let activation_scripts = collect_scripts(&path.join("etc/conda/activate.d"), &shell_type)?;

        let deactivation_scripts =
            collect_scripts(&path.join("etc/conda/deactivate.d"), &shell_type)?;

        let env_vars = collect_env_vars(path)?;

        let paths = prefix_path_entries(path, &platform);

        Ok(Activator {
            target_prefix: path.to_path_buf(),
            shell_type,
            paths,
            activation_scripts,
            deactivation_scripts,
            env_vars,
            post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap::new(),
            platform,
        })
    }

    /// Starts a UNIX shell.
    /// # Arguments
    /// - `shell`: The type of shell to start. Must implement the `Shell` and
    ///   `Copy` traits.
    /// - `args`: A vector of arguments to pass to the shell.
    /// - `env`: A `HashMap` containing environment variables to set in the
    ///   shell.
    /// - `prompt`: Prompt to the shell
    #[cfg(target_family = "unix")]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    async fn start_unix_shell<T_: Shell + Copy + 'static>(
        shell: T_,
        args: Vec<&str>,
        env: &HashMap<String, String>,
        prompt: String,
    ) -> Result<Option<i32>> {
        const DONE_STR: &str = "RATTLER_SHELL_ACTIVATION_DONE";
        // create a tempfile for activation
        let mut temp_file = tempfile::Builder::new()
            .prefix("rattler_env_")
            .suffix(&format!(".{}", shell.extension()))
            .rand_bytes(3)
            .tempfile()
            .context("Failed to create tmp file")?;

        let mut shell_script = ShellScript::new(shell, Platform::current());
        for (key, value) in env {
            shell_script
                .set_env_var(key, value)
                .context("Failed to set env var")?;
        }

        shell_script.echo(DONE_STR)?;

        temp_file
            .write_all(shell_script.contents()?.as_bytes())
            .context("Failed to write shell script content")?;

        // Write custom prompt to the env file
        temp_file.write_all(prompt.as_bytes())?;

        let mut command = std::process::Command::new(shell.executable());
        command.args(args);

        // Space added before `source` to automatically ignore it in history.
        let mut source_command = " ".to_string();
        shell
            .run_script(&mut source_command, temp_file.path())
            .context("Failed to run the script")?;

        // Remove automatically added `\n`, if for some reason this fails, just ignore.
        let source_command = source_command
            .strip_suffix('\n')
            .unwrap_or(source_command.as_str());

        // Start process and send env activation to the shell.
        let mut process = PtySession::new(command)?;
        process
            .send_line(source_command)
            .context("Failed to send command to shell")?;

        process
            .interact(Some(DONE_STR))
            .context("Failed to interact with shell process")
    }

    /// Create an activation script for a given shell and platform. This
    /// returns a tuple of the newly computed PATH variable and the activation
    /// script.
    pub fn activation(
        &self,
        variables: ActivationVariables,
    ) -> Result<ActivationResult<T>, ActivationError> {
        let mut script = ShellScript::new(self.shell_type.clone(), self.platform);

        let mut path = variables.path.clone().unwrap_or_default();
        if let Some(conda_prefix) = variables.conda_prefix {
            let deactivate = Activator::from_path(
                Path::new(&conda_prefix),
                self.shell_type.clone(),
                self.platform,
            )?;

            for (key, _) in &deactivate.env_vars {
                script.unset_env_var(key)?;
            }

            for deactivation_script in &deactivate.deactivation_scripts {
                script.run_script(deactivation_script)?;
            }

            path.retain(|x| !deactivate.paths.contains(x));
        }

        // prepend new paths
        let path = [self.paths.clone(), path].concat();

        script.set_path(path.as_slice(), variables.path_modification_behavior)?;

        // Get the current shell level
        // For us, zero is the starting point, so we will increment it
        // meaning that we will set CONDA_SHLVL to 1 on the first activation.
        let shlvl = variables
            .current_env
            .get("CONDA_SHLVL")
            .and_then(|s| s.parse::<i32>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(0);

        // Set the new CONDA_SHLVL first
        let new_shlvl = shlvl + 1;
        script.set_env_var("CONDA_SHLVL", &new_shlvl.to_string())?;

        // Save original CONDA_PREFIX value if it exists
        if let Some(existing_prefix) = variables.current_env.get("CONDA_PREFIX") {
            script.set_env_var(
                &format!("CONDA_ENV_SHLVL_{new_shlvl}_CONDA_PREFIX"),
                existing_prefix,
            )?;
        }

        // Set new CONDA_PREFIX
        script.set_env_var("CONDA_PREFIX", &self.target_prefix.to_string_lossy())?;

        // For each environment variable that was set during activation
        script.apply_env_vars_with_backup(&variables.current_env, new_shlvl, &self.env_vars)?;

        for activation_script in &self.activation_scripts {
            script.run_script(activation_script)?;
        }

        // Set environment variables that should be applied after activation scripts
        script.apply_env_vars_with_backup(
            &variables.current_env,
            new_shlvl,
            &self.post_activation_env_vars,
        )?;

        Ok(ActivationResult { script, path })
    }

    /// Create a deactivation script for the environment.
    /// This returns the deactivation script that unsets environment variables
    /// and runs deactivation scripts.
    pub fn deactivation(
        &self,
        variables: ActivationVariables,
    ) -> Result<ActivationResult<T>, ActivationError> {
        let mut script = ShellScript::new(self.shell_type.clone(), self.platform);

        // Get the current CONDA shell level from passed environment variables
        let current_conda_shlvl = variables
            .current_env
            .get("CONDA_SHLVL")
            .and_then(|s| s.parse::<i32>().ok());

        match current_conda_shlvl {
            None => {
                // Handle edge case: CONDA_SHLVL not set
                script
                    .echo("Warning: CONDA_SHLVL not set. This may indicate a broken workflow.")?;
                script.echo(
                    "Proceeding to unset conda variables without restoring previous values.",
                )?;

                // Just unset without restoring (each key once)
                for key in self.unique_env_keys() {
                    script.unset_env_var(key)?;
                }
                script.unset_env_var("CONDA_PREFIX")?;
                script.unset_env_var("CONDA_SHLVL")?;
            }
            Some(current_level) if current_level <= 0 => {
                // Handle edge case: CONDA_SHLVL zero or negative
                script.echo("Warning: CONDA_SHLVL is zero or negative. This may indicate a broken workflow.")?;
                script.echo(
                    "Proceeding to unset conda variables without restoring previous values.",
                )?;

                // Just unset without restoring (each key once)
                for key in self.unique_env_keys() {
                    script.unset_env_var(key)?;
                }
                script.unset_env_var("CONDA_PREFIX")?;
                script.unset_env_var("CONDA_SHLVL")?;
            }
            Some(current_level) => {
                // Unset the current level
                // For each environment variable that was set during activation
                for key in self.unique_env_keys() {
                    let backup_key = format!("CONDA_ENV_SHLVL_{current_level}_{key}");
                    script.restore_env_var(key, &backup_key)?;
                }

                // Handle CONDA_PREFIX restoration
                let backup_prefix = format!("CONDA_ENV_SHLVL_{current_level}_CONDA_PREFIX");
                script.restore_env_var("CONDA_PREFIX", &backup_prefix)?;

                let prev_shlvl = current_level - 1;

                // Update CONDA_SHLVL
                if prev_shlvl == 0 {
                    script.unset_env_var("CONDA_SHLVL")?;
                } else {
                    script.set_env_var("CONDA_SHLVL", &prev_shlvl.to_string())?;
                }
            }
        }

        // Run all deactivation scripts
        for deactivation_script in &self.deactivation_scripts {
            script.run_script(deactivation_script)?;
        }

        Ok(ActivationResult {
            script,
            path: Vec::new(),
        })
    }

    /// Runs the activation script and returns the environment variables changed
    /// in the environment after running the script.
    ///
    /// If the `environment` parameter is not `None`, then it will overwrite the
    /// parent environment variables when running the activation script.
    pub fn run_activation(
        &self,
        variables: ActivationVariables,
        environment: Option<HashMap<&OsStr, &OsStr>>,
    ) -> Result<HashMap<String, String>, ActivationError> {
        let activation_script = self.activation(variables)?.script;

        // Create a script that starts by emitting all environment variables, then runs
        // the activation script followed by again emitting all environment
        // variables. Any changes should then become visible.
        let mut activation_detection_script =
            ShellScript::new(self.shell_type.clone(), self.platform);
        activation_detection_script
            .print_env()?
            .echo(ENV_START_SEPARATOR)?
            .append_script(&activation_script)
            .echo(ENV_START_SEPARATOR)?
            .print_env()?;

        // Create a temporary file that we can execute with our shell.
        let activation_script_dir = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;
        let activation_script_path = activation_script_dir
            .path()
            .join(format!("activation.{}", self.shell_type.extension()));

        // Write the activation script to the temporary file, closing the file
        // afterwards
        fs::write(
            &activation_script_path,
            activation_detection_script.contents()?,
        )?;
        // Get only the path to the temporary file
        let mut activation_command = self
            .shell_type
            .create_run_script_command(&activation_script_path);

        // Overwrite the environment variables with the ones provided
        if let Some(environment) = environment.clone() {
            activation_command.env_clear().envs(environment);
        }

        let activation_result = activation_command.output()?;

        if !activation_result.status.success() {
            return Err(ActivationError::FailedToRunActivationScript {
                script: activation_detection_script.contents()?,
                stdout: String::from_utf8_lossy(&activation_result.stdout).into_owned(),
                stderr: String::from_utf8_lossy(&activation_result.stderr).into_owned(),
                status: activation_result.status,
            });
        }

        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&activation_result.stdout);
        let (before_env, rest) = stdout
            .split_once(ENV_START_SEPARATOR)
            .unwrap_or(("", stdout.as_ref()));
        let (_, after_env) = rest.rsplit_once(ENV_START_SEPARATOR).unwrap_or(("", ""));

        // Parse both environments and find the difference
        let before_env = self.shell_type.parse_env(before_env);
        let after_env = self.shell_type.parse_env(after_env);

        // Find and return the differences
        Ok(after_env
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|(key, value)| before_env.get(key) != Some(value))
            // this happens on Windows for some reason
            // @SET "=C:=C:\Users\robostack\Programs\pixi"
            // @SET "=ExitCode=00000000"
            .filter(|(key, _)| !key.is_empty())
            .map(|(key, value)| (key.to_owned(), value.to_owned()))
            .collect())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use std::{collections::BTreeMap, str::FromStr};

    use tempdir::TempDir;

    use super::*;
    #[cfg(unix)]
    use crate::activation::PathModificationBehavior;
    use crate::shell::{self, native_path_to_unix, ShellEnum};

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_post_activation_env_vars_applied_after_scripts_bash() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new("test_post_activation_env_vars").unwrap();

        // Create a dummy activation script so the activator will run it
        let activate_dir = temp_dir.path().join("etc/conda/activate.d");
        fs::create_dir_all(&activate_dir).unwrap();
        let script_path = activate_dir.join("script1.sh");
        fs::write(&script_path, "# noop\n").unwrap();

        // Build an activator with both pre and post env vars
        let pre_env = IndexMap::from_iter([(String::from("A"), String::from("x"))]);

        // Ensure we also override a pre var in post
        let post_env = IndexMap::from_iter([
            (String::from("B"), String::from("y")),
            (String::from("A"), String::from("z")),
        ]);

        let activator = Activator {
            target_prefix: temp_dir.path().to_path_buf(),
            shell_type: shell::Bash,
            paths: vec![temp_dir.path().join("bin")],
            activation_scripts: vec![script_path.clone()],
            deactivation_scripts: vec![],
            env_vars: pre_env,
            post_activation_env_vars: post_env,
            platform: Platform::current(),
        };

        let result = activator
            .activation(ActivationVariables {
                conda_prefix: None,
                path: None,
                path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                current_env: HashMap::new(),
            })
            .unwrap();

        let mut contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

        // Normalize prefix path for consistent assertions
        let prefix = temp_dir.path().to_str().unwrap();
        contents = contents.replace(prefix, "__PREFIX__");

        // Check ordering: pre env vars before script run, post env vars after script run
        let idx_pre_a = contents.find("export A=x").expect("missing pre env A=x");
        let idx_run = contents
            .find(". __PREFIX__/etc/conda/activate.d/script1.sh")
            .expect("missing activation script run");
        let idx_post_b = contents.find("export B=y").expect("missing post env B=y");
        let idx_post_a = contents
            .find("export A=z")
            .expect("missing post override A=z");

        assert!(
            idx_pre_a < idx_run,
            "pre env var should be before activation script"
        );
        assert!(
            idx_run < idx_post_b,
            "post env var should be after activation script"
        );
        assert!(
            idx_run < idx_post_a,
            "post override should be after activation script"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_collect_scripts() {
        let tdir = TempDir::new("test").unwrap();

        let path = tdir.path().join("etc/conda/activate.d/");
        fs::create_dir_all(&path).unwrap();

        let script1 = path.join("script1.sh");
        let script2 = path.join("aaa.sh");
        let script3 = path.join("xxx.sh");

        fs::write(&script1, "").unwrap();
        fs::write(&script2, "").unwrap();
        fs::write(&script3, "").unwrap();

        let shell_type = shell::Bash;

        let scripts = collect_scripts(&path, &shell_type).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(scripts.len(), 3);
        assert_eq!(scripts[0], script2);
        assert_eq!(scripts[1], script1);
        assert_eq!(scripts[2], script3);

        let activator = Activator::from_path(tdir.path(), shell_type, Platform::Osx64).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(activator.activation_scripts.len(), 3);
        assert_eq!(activator.activation_scripts[0], script2);
        assert_eq!(activator.activation_scripts[1], script1);
        assert_eq!(activator.activation_scripts[2], script3);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_collect_env_vars() {
        let tdir = TempDir::new("test").unwrap();
        let path = tdir.path().join("conda-meta/state");
        fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();

        let quotes = r#"{"env_vars": {"Hallo": "myval", "TEST": "itsatest", "AAA": "abcdef"}}"#;
        fs::write(&path, quotes).unwrap();

        let env_vars = collect_env_vars(tdir.path()).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(env_vars.len(), 3);

        assert_eq!(env_vars["HALLO"], "myval");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["TEST"], "itsatest");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["AAA"], "abcdef");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_collect_env_vars_with_directory() {
        let tdir = TempDir::new("test").unwrap();
        let state_path = tdir.path().join("conda-meta/state");
        fs::create_dir_all(state_path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();

        let content_pkg_1 = r#"{"VAR1": "someval", "TEST": "pkg1-test", "III": "super"}"#;
        let content_pkg_2 = r#"{"VAR1": "overwrite1", "TEST2": "pkg2-test"}"#;

        let env_var_d = tdir.path().join("etc/conda/env_vars.d");
        fs::create_dir_all(&env_var_d).expect("Could not create env vars directory");

        let pkg1 = env_var_d.join("pkg1.json");
        let pkg2 = env_var_d.join("pkg2.json");

        fs::write(pkg1, content_pkg_1).expect("could not write file");
        fs::write(pkg2, content_pkg_2).expect("could not write file");

        let quotes = r#"{"env_vars": {"Hallo": "myval", "TEST": "itsatest", "AAA": "abcdef"}}"#;
        fs::write(&state_path, quotes).unwrap();

        let env_vars = collect_env_vars(tdir.path()).expect("Could not load env vars");
        assert_eq!(env_vars.len(), 6);

        assert_eq!(env_vars["VAR1"], "overwrite1");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["TEST"], "itsatest");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["III"], "super");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["TEST2"], "pkg2-test");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["HALLO"], "myval");
        assert_eq!(env_vars["AAA"], "abcdef");

        // assert order of keys
        let mut keys = env_vars.keys();
        let key_vec = vec![
            "VAR1", // overwritten - should this be sorted down?
            "TEST", "III", "TEST2", "HALLO", "AAA",
        ];

        for key in key_vec {
            assert_eq!(keys.next().unwrap(), key);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_add_to_path() {
        let prefix = PathBuf::from_str("/opt/conda").unwrap();
        let new_paths = prefix_path_entries(&prefix, &Platform::Osx64);
        assert_eq!(new_paths.len(), 1);
    }

    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn create_temp_dir() -> TempDir {
        let tempdir = TempDir::new("test").unwrap();
        let path = tempdir.path().join("etc/conda/activate.d/");
        fs::create_dir_all(&path).unwrap();

        let script1 = path.join("script1.sh");

        fs::write(script1, "").unwrap();

        tempdir
    }

    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn get_script<T: Clone + Shell + 'static>(
        shell_type: T,
        path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior,
    ) -> String {
        let tdir = create_temp_dir();

        let activator = Activator::from_path(tdir.path(), shell_type, Platform::Osx64).unwrap();

        // Create a test environment
        let test_env = HashMap::from([
            ("FOO".to_string(), "bar".to_string()),
            ("BAZ".to_string(), "qux".to_string()),
        ]);

        let result = activator
            .activation(ActivationVariables {
                conda_prefix: None,
                path: Some(vec![
                    PathBuf::from("/usr/bin"),
                    PathBuf::from("/bin"),
                    PathBuf::from("/usr/sbin"),
                    PathBuf::from("/sbin"),
                    PathBuf::from("/usr/local/bin"),
                ]),
                path_modification_behavior,
                current_env: test_env,
            })
            .unwrap();
        let prefix = tdir.path().to_str().unwrap();
        let script = result.script.contents().unwrap();
        script.replace(prefix, "__PREFIX__")
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_bash() {
        let script = get_script(shell::Bash, PathModificationBehavior::Append);
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_bash_append", script);
        let script = get_script(shell::Bash, PathModificationBehavior::Replace);
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_bash_replace", script);
        let script = get_script(shell::Bash, PathModificationBehavior::Prepend);
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_bash_prepend", script);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_zsh() {
        let script = get_script(shell::Zsh, PathModificationBehavior::Append);
        insta::assert_snapshot!(script);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_fish() {
        let script = get_script(shell::Fish, PathModificationBehavior::Append);
        insta::assert_snapshot!(script);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_powershell() {
        let script = get_script(
            shell::PowerShell::default(),
            PathModificationBehavior::Append,
        );
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_powershell_append", script);
        let script = get_script(
            shell::PowerShell::default(),
            PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
        );
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_powershell_prepend", script);
        let script = get_script(
            shell::PowerShell::default(),
            PathModificationBehavior::Replace,
        );
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_powershell_replace", script);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_cmd() {
        let script = get_script(shell::CmdExe, PathModificationBehavior::Append);
        assert!(script.contains("\r\n"));
        let script = script.replace("\r\n", "\n");
        // Filter out the \r\n line endings for the snapshot so that insta + git works
        // smoothly
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_cmd_append", script);
        let script =
            get_script(shell::CmdExe, PathModificationBehavior::Replace).replace("\r\n", "\n");
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_cmd_replace", script,);
        let script =
            get_script(shell::CmdExe, PathModificationBehavior::Prepend).replace("\r\n", "\n");
        insta::assert_snapshot!("test_activation_script_cmd_prepend", script);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_activation_script_xonsh() {
        let script = get_script(shell::Xonsh, PathModificationBehavior::Append);
        insta::assert_snapshot!(script);
    }

    fn test_run_activation(shell: ShellEnum, with_unicode: bool) {
        let environment_dir = tempfile::TempDir::new().unwrap();

        let env = if with_unicode {
            environment_dir.path().join("🦀")
        } else {
            environment_dir.path().to_path_buf()
        };

        // Write some environment variables to the `conda-meta/state` folder.
        let state_path = env.join("conda-meta/state");
        fs::create_dir_all(state_path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
        let quotes = r#"{"env_vars": {"STATE": "Hello, world!"}}"#;
        fs::write(&state_path, quotes).unwrap();

        // Write package specific environment variables
        let content_pkg_1 = r#"{"PKG1": "Hello, world!"}"#;
        let content_pkg_2 = r#"{"PKG2": "Hello, world!"}"#;

        let env_var_d = env.join("etc/conda/env_vars.d");
        fs::create_dir_all(&env_var_d).expect("Could not create env vars directory");

        let pkg1 = env_var_d.join("pkg1.json");
        let pkg2 = env_var_d.join("pkg2.json");

        fs::write(pkg1, content_pkg_1).expect("could not write file");
        fs::write(pkg2, content_pkg_2).expect("could not write file");

        // Write a script that emits a random environment variable via a shell
        let mut activation_script = String::new();
        shell
            .set_env_var(&mut activation_script, "SCRIPT_ENV", "Hello, world!")
            .unwrap();

        let activation_script_dir = env.join("etc/conda/activate.d");
        fs::create_dir_all(&activation_script_dir).unwrap();

        fs::write(
            activation_script_dir.join(format!("pkg1.{}", shell.extension())),
            activation_script,
        )
        .unwrap();

        // Create an activator for the environment
        let activator = Activator::from_path(&env, shell.clone(), Platform::current()).unwrap();
        let activation_env = activator
            .run_activation(ActivationVariables::default(), None)
            .unwrap();

        // Diff with the current environment
        let current_env = std::env::vars().collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();

        let mut env_diff = activation_env
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|(key, value)| current_env.get(key) != Some(value))
            .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>();

        // Remove system specific environment variables.
        env_diff.remove("CONDA_PREFIX");
        env_diff.remove("Path");
        env_diff.remove("PATH");
        env_diff.remove("LINENO");

        insta::assert_yaml_snapshot!("after_activation", env_diff);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(windows)]
    fn test_run_activation_powershell() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::PowerShell::default().into(), false);
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::PowerShell::default().into(), true);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(windows)]
    fn test_run_activation_cmd() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::CmdExe.into(), false);
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::CmdExe.into(), true);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    fn test_run_activation_bash() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::Bash.into(), false);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    fn test_run_activation_zsh() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::Zsh.into(), false);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    #[ignore]
    fn test_run_activation_fish() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::Fish.into(), false);
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(unix)]
    #[ignore]
    fn test_run_activation_xonsh() {
        test_run_activation(crate::shell::Xonsh.into(), false);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_deactivation() {
        let tmp_dir = TempDir::new("test_deactivation").unwrap();
        let tmp_dir_path = tmp_dir.path();

        // Create an activator with some test environment variables
        let mut env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "value1".to_string());
        env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR2".to_string(), "value2".to_string());

        // Test all shell types
        let shell_types = vec![
            ("bash", ShellEnum::Bash(shell::Bash)),
            ("zsh", ShellEnum::Zsh(shell::Zsh)),
            ("fish", ShellEnum::Fish(shell::Fish)),
            ("xonsh", ShellEnum::Xonsh(shell::Xonsh)),
            ("cmd", ShellEnum::CmdExe(shell::CmdExe)),
            (
                "powershell",
                ShellEnum::PowerShell(shell::PowerShell::default()),
            ),
            ("nushell", ShellEnum::NuShell(shell::NuShell)),
        ];

        for (shell_name, shell_type) in shell_types {
            let activator = Activator {
                target_prefix: tmp_dir_path.to_path_buf(),
                shell_type: shell_type.clone(),
                paths: vec![tmp_dir_path.join("bin")],
                activation_scripts: vec![],
                deactivation_scripts: vec![],
                env_vars: env_vars.clone(),
                post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap::new(),
                platform: Platform::current(),
            };

            // Test edge case: CONDA_SHLVL not set (current behavior)
            let test_env = HashMap::new(); // Empty environment - no CONDA_SHLVL set
            let result = activator
                .deactivation(ActivationVariables {
                    conda_prefix: None,
                    path: None,
                    path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                    current_env: test_env,
                })
                .unwrap();
            let mut script_contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

            // For cmd.exe, normalize line endings for snapshots
            if shell_name == "cmd" {
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\r\n", "\n");
            }

            insta::assert_snapshot!(format!("test_deactivation_{}", shell_name), script_contents);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_deactivation_when_activated() {
        let tmp_dir = TempDir::new("test_deactivation").unwrap();
        let tmp_dir_path = tmp_dir.path();

        // Create an activator with some test environment variables
        let mut env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "value1".to_string());
        env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR2".to_string(), "value2".to_string());

        // Test all shell types
        let shell_types = vec![
            ("bash", ShellEnum::Bash(shell::Bash)),
            ("zsh", ShellEnum::Zsh(shell::Zsh)),
            ("fish", ShellEnum::Fish(shell::Fish)),
            ("xonsh", ShellEnum::Xonsh(shell::Xonsh)),
            ("cmd", ShellEnum::CmdExe(shell::CmdExe)),
            (
                "powershell",
                ShellEnum::PowerShell(shell::PowerShell::default()),
            ),
            ("nushell", ShellEnum::NuShell(shell::NuShell)),
        ];

        for (shell_name, shell_type) in shell_types {
            let activator = Activator {
                target_prefix: tmp_dir_path.to_path_buf(),
                shell_type: shell_type.clone(),
                paths: vec![tmp_dir_path.join("bin")],
                activation_scripts: vec![],
                deactivation_scripts: vec![],
                env_vars: env_vars.clone(),
                post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap::new(),
                platform: Platform::current(),
            };

            // CONDA_SHLVL to set to the initial level ( 1 meaning that it's activated)
            let test_env = HashMap::from([
                ("CONDA_SHLVL".to_string(), "1".to_string()),
                (
                    "CONDA_PREFIX".to_string(),
                    tmp_dir_path.to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
                ),
            ]);
            let result = activator
                .deactivation(ActivationVariables {
                    conda_prefix: None,
                    path: None,
                    path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                    current_env: test_env,
                })
                .unwrap();
            let mut script_contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

            // For cmd.exe, normalize line endings for snapshots
            if shell_name == "cmd" {
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\r\n", "\n");
            }

            insta::assert_snapshot!(
                format!("test_deactivation_when_activated{}", shell_name),
                script_contents
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_nested_deactivation() {
        let tmp_dir = TempDir::new("test_deactivation").unwrap();
        let tmp_dir_path = tmp_dir.path();

        // Create an activator with some test environment variables
        let mut first_env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        first_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "first_value".to_string());

        // Test all shell types
        let shell_types = vec![
            ("bash", ShellEnum::Bash(shell::Bash)),
            ("zsh", ShellEnum::Zsh(shell::Zsh)),
            ("fish", ShellEnum::Fish(shell::Fish)),
            ("xonsh", ShellEnum::Xonsh(shell::Xonsh)),
            ("cmd", ShellEnum::CmdExe(shell::CmdExe)),
            (
                "powershell",
                ShellEnum::PowerShell(shell::PowerShell::default()),
            ),
            ("nushell", ShellEnum::NuShell(shell::NuShell)),
        ];

        // now lets activate again an environment
        // we reuse the same TEST_VAR1 variable to check that it is correctly restored
        let mut second_env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        second_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "second_value".to_string());

        for (shell_name, shell_type) in &shell_types {
            let activator = Activator {
                target_prefix: tmp_dir_path.to_path_buf(),
                shell_type: shell_type.clone(),
                paths: vec![tmp_dir_path.join("bin")],
                activation_scripts: vec![],
                deactivation_scripts: vec![],
                env_vars: second_env_vars.clone(),
                post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap::new(),
                platform: Platform::current(),
            };

            let mut existing_env_vars = HashMap::new();
            existing_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "first_value".to_string());
            existing_env_vars.insert("CONDA_SHLVL".to_string(), "1".to_string());

            let result = activator
                .activation(ActivationVariables {
                    conda_prefix: None,
                    path: None,
                    path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                    current_env: existing_env_vars,
                })
                .unwrap();

            let mut script_contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

            // Normalize temporary directory paths for consistent snapshots
            let mut prefix = tmp_dir_path.to_str().unwrap().to_string();

            if cfg!(windows) {
                // Replace backslashes with forward slashes for consistency in snapshots as well
                // as ; with :
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\\\\", "\\");
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\\", "/");
                script_contents = script_contents.replace(";", ":");
                prefix = prefix.replace("\\", "/");
            }

            script_contents = script_contents.replace(&prefix, "__PREFIX__");
            // on windows and bash it will be quoted with shlex::try_quote
            if cfg!(windows) && *shell_name == "bash" {
                let unix_path = native_path_to_unix(&prefix).unwrap();
                script_contents = script_contents.replace(&unix_path, "__PREFIX__");
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("=\"__PREFIX__\"", "=__PREFIX__");
            }

            // on windows we need to replace Path with PATH
            script_contents = script_contents.replace("Path", "PATH");

            // For cmd.exe, normalize line endings for snapshots
            if *shell_name == "cmd" {
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\r\n", "\n");
            }

            insta::assert_snapshot!(
                format!("test_nested_deactivation_first_round{}", shell_name),
                script_contents
            );

            // and now lets deactivate the environment
            let activated_env = HashMap::from([("CONDA_SHLVL".to_string(), "2".to_string())]);
            let result = activator
                .deactivation(ActivationVariables {
                    conda_prefix: None,
                    path: None,
                    path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                    current_env: activated_env,
                })
                .unwrap();

            let mut script_contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

            let prefix = tmp_dir_path.to_str().unwrap();
            script_contents = script_contents.replace(prefix, "__PREFIX__");

            // on windows we need to replace Path with PATH
            script_contents = script_contents.replace("Path", "PATH");

            // For cmd.exe, normalize line endings for snapshots
            if *shell_name == "cmd" {
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\r\n", "\n");
            }

            insta::assert_snapshot!(
                format!("test_nested_deactivation_second_round{}", shell_name),
                script_contents
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_resetting_conda_shlvl() {
        let tmp_dir = TempDir::new("test_deactivation").unwrap();
        let tmp_dir_path = tmp_dir.path();

        // Create an activator with some test environment variables
        let mut first_env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        first_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "first_value".to_string());

        // Test all shell types
        let shell_types = vec![
            ("bash", ShellEnum::Bash(shell::Bash)),
            ("zsh", ShellEnum::Zsh(shell::Zsh)),
            ("fish", ShellEnum::Fish(shell::Fish)),
            ("xonsh", ShellEnum::Xonsh(shell::Xonsh)),
            ("cmd", ShellEnum::CmdExe(shell::CmdExe)),
            (
                "powershell",
                ShellEnum::PowerShell(shell::PowerShell::default()),
            ),
            ("nushell", ShellEnum::NuShell(shell::NuShell)),
        ];

        // now lets activate again an environment
        // we reuse the same TEST_VAR1 variable to check that it is correctly restored
        let mut second_env_vars = IndexMap::new();
        second_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "second_value".to_string());

        for (shell_name, shell_type) in &shell_types {
            let activator = Activator {
                target_prefix: tmp_dir_path.to_path_buf(),
                shell_type: shell_type.clone(),
                paths: vec![tmp_dir_path.join("bin")],
                activation_scripts: vec![],
                deactivation_scripts: vec![],
                env_vars: second_env_vars.clone(),
                post_activation_env_vars: IndexMap::new(),
                platform: Platform::current(),
            };

            let mut existing_env_vars = HashMap::new();
            existing_env_vars.insert("TEST_VAR1".to_string(), "first_value".to_string());
            existing_env_vars.insert("CONDA_SHLVL".to_string(), "1".to_string());

            let result = activator
                .deactivation(ActivationVariables {
                    conda_prefix: None,
                    path: None,
                    path_modification_behavior: PathModificationBehavior::Prepend,
                    current_env: existing_env_vars,
                })
                .unwrap();

            let mut script_contents = result.script.contents().unwrap();

            // For cmd.exe, normalize line endings for snapshots
            if *shell_name == "cmd" {
                script_contents = script_contents.replace("\r\n", "\n");
            }

            insta::assert_snapshot!(
                format!("test_resetting_conda_shlvl{}", shell_name),
                script_contents
            );
        }
    }
}