pub struct SharedWriter {
pub buffer: Text,
pub line_sender: Sender<LineControlSignal>,
pub silent_error: bool,
}Expand description
Cloneable object that implements Write and allows for sending data
to the terminal without messing up the crate::Readline.
A SharedWriter instance is obtained by calling crate::Readline::new(), which
also returns a crate::Readline instance associated with the writer.
Data written to a SharedWriter is only output when a line feed ('\n') has been
written and either crate::Readline::readline() or
crate::pause_and_resume_support::flush_internal() is executing on the associated
Readline instance.
Fields§
§buffer: TextHolds the data to be written to the terminal.
line_sender: Sender<LineControlSignal>Sender end of the channel, the receiver end is in crate::Readline, which does
the actual printing to stdout.
silent_error: boolThis is set to true when this struct is cloned. Only the first instance of this
struct will report errors when std::io::Write::write() fails, due to the
receiver end of the channel being closed.
Implementations§
sourcepub fn new(line_sender: Sender<LineControlSignal>) -> Self
pub fn new(line_sender: Sender<LineControlSignal>) -> Self
Creates a new instance of SharedWriter with an empty buffer and a
tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender end of the channel.
Trait Implementations§
Custom Clone implementation for SharedWriter. This ensures that each new
instance gets its own buffer to write data into. And a Clone of the
Self::line_sender, so all the LineControlSignals end up in the same line
tokio::sync::mpsc::channel that lives in the crate::Readline instance.
source§fn write(&mut self, payload: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>
fn write(&mut self, payload: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>
Write a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written. Read more
source§fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>
Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered
contents reach their destination. Read more
source§fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
can_vector)1.0.0 · source§fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer. Read more
source§fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
write_all_vectored)Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer. Read more
Auto Trait Implementations§
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source§impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
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T: ?Sized,
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source§impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
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source§fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
Executes the given command directly.
The given command its ANSI escape code will be written and flushed onto Self.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to execute directly.
§Example
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
// will be executed directly
io::stdout()
.execute(Print("sum:\n".to_string()))?
.execute(Print(format!("1 + 1= {} ", 1 + 1)))?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// sum:
// 1 + 1 = 2
}Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
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&self
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source§impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
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source§fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
Queues the given command for further execution.
Queued commands will be executed in the following cases:
- When
flushis called manually on the given type implementingio::Write. - The terminal will
flushautomatically if the buffer is full. - Each line is flushed in case of
stdout, because it is line buffered.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to queue for later execution.
§Examples
use std::io::{self, Write};
use crossterm::{QueueableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
// `Print` will executed executed when `flush` is called.
stdout
.queue(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?
.queue(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// some other code (no execution happening here) ...
// when calling `flush` on `stdout`, all commands will be written to the stdout and therefore executed.
stdout.flush()?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
source§impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
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source§fn sync_update<T>(
&mut self,
operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T
) -> Result<T, Error>
fn sync_update<T>( &mut self, operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T ) -> Result<T, Error>
Performs a set of actions within a synchronous update.
Updates will be suspended in the terminal, the function will be executed against self, updates will be resumed, and a flush will be performed.
§Arguments
-
Function
A function that performs the operations that must execute in a synchronized update.
§Examples
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, SynchronizedUpdate, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
stdout.sync_update(|stdout| {
stdout.execute(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?;
stdout.execute(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// The effects of the print command will not be present in the terminal
// buffer, but not visible in the terminal.
std::io::Result::Ok(())
})?;
// The effects of the commands will be visible.
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}§Notes
This command is performed only using ANSI codes, and will do nothing on terminals that do not support ANSI codes, or this specific extension.
When rendering the screen of the terminal, the Emulator usually iterates through each visible grid cell and renders its current state. With applications updating the screen a at higher frequency this can cause tearing.
This mode attempts to mitigate that.
When the synchronization mode is enabled following render calls will keep rendering the last rendered state. The terminal Emulator keeps processing incoming text and sequences. When the synchronized update mode is disabled again the renderer may fetch the latest screen buffer state again, effectively avoiding the tearing effect by unintentionally rendering in the middle a of an application screen update.