quickcheck/

tester.rs

use std::fmt::Debug;
use std::panic;

use rand;

use tester::Status::{Discard, Fail, Pass};
use {Arbitrary, Gen, StdGen};

/// The main QuickCheck type for setting configuration and running QuickCheck.
pub struct QuickCheck<G> {
    pub tests: usize,
    pub max_tests: usize,
    pub gen: G,
}

impl QuickCheck<StdGen<rand::ThreadRng>> {
    /// Creates a new QuickCheck value.
    ///
    /// This can be used to run QuickCheck on things that implement
    /// `Testable`. You may also adjust the configuration, such as
    /// the number of tests to run.
    ///
    /// By default, the maximum number of passed tests is set to `100`,
    /// the max number of overall tests is set to `10000` and the generator
    /// is set to a `StdGen` with a default size of `100`.
    pub fn new() -> QuickCheck<StdGen<rand::ThreadRng>> {
        QuickCheck {
            tests: 100,
            max_tests: 10000,
            gen: StdGen::new(rand::thread_rng(), 100),
        }
    }
}

impl<G: Gen> QuickCheck<G> {
    /// Set the number of tests to run.
    ///
    /// This actually refers to the maximum number of *passed* tests that
    /// can occur. Namely, if a test causes a failure, future testing on that
    /// property stops. Additionally, if tests are discarded, there may be
    /// fewer than `tests` passed.
    pub fn tests(mut self, tests: usize) -> QuickCheck<G> {
        self.tests = tests;
        self
    }

    /// Set the maximum number of tests to run.
    ///
    /// The number of invocations of a property will never exceed this number.
    /// This is necessary to cap the number of tests because QuickCheck
    /// properties can discard tests.
    pub fn max_tests(mut self, max_tests: usize) -> QuickCheck<G> {
        self.max_tests = max_tests;
        self
    }

    /// Set the random number generator to be used by QuickCheck.
    pub fn gen(mut self, gen: G) -> QuickCheck<G> {
        self.gen = gen;
        self
    }

    /// Tests a property and returns the result.
    ///
    /// The result returned is either the number of tests passed or a witness
    /// of failure.
    ///
    /// (If you're using Rust's unit testing infrastructure, then you'll
    /// want to use the `quickcheck` method, which will `panic!` on failure.)
    pub fn quicktest<A>(&mut self, f: A) -> Result<usize, TestResult>
                    where A: Testable {
        let mut ntests: usize = 0;
        for _ in 0..self.max_tests {
            if ntests >= self.tests {
                break
            }
            match f.result(&mut self.gen) {
                TestResult { status: Pass, .. } => ntests += 1,
                TestResult { status: Discard, .. } => continue,
                r @ TestResult { status: Fail, .. } => return Err(r),
            }
        }
        Ok(ntests)
    }

    /// Tests a property and calls `panic!` on failure.
    ///
    /// The `panic!` message will include a (hopefully) minimal witness of
    /// failure.
    ///
    /// It is appropriate to use this method with Rust's unit testing
    /// infrastructure.
    ///
    /// Note that if the environment variable `RUST_LOG` is set to enable
    /// `info` level log messages for the `quickcheck` crate, then this will
    /// include output on how many QuickCheck tests were passed.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// use quickcheck::QuickCheck;
    ///
    /// fn prop_reverse_reverse() {
    ///     fn revrev(xs: Vec<usize>) -> bool {
    ///         let rev: Vec<_> = xs.clone().into_iter().rev().collect();
    ///         let revrev: Vec<_> = rev.into_iter().rev().collect();
    ///         xs == revrev
    ///     }
    ///     QuickCheck::new().quickcheck(revrev as fn(Vec<usize>) -> bool);
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn quickcheck<A>(&mut self, f: A) where A: Testable {
        // Ignore log init failures, implying it has already been done.
        let _ = ::env_logger::init();

        match self.quicktest(f) {
            Ok(ntests) => info!("(Passed {} QuickCheck tests.)", ntests),
            Err(result) => panic!(result.failed_msg()),
        }
    }
}

/// Convenience function for running QuickCheck.
///
/// This is an alias for `QuickCheck::new().quickcheck(f)`.
pub fn quickcheck<A: Testable>(f: A) { QuickCheck::new().quickcheck(f) }

/// Describes the status of a single instance of a test.
///
/// All testable things must be capable of producing a `TestResult`.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct TestResult {
    status: Status,
    arguments: Vec<String>,
    err: Option<String>,
}

/// Whether a test has passed, failed or been discarded.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
enum Status { Pass, Fail, Discard }

impl TestResult {
    /// Produces a test result that indicates the current test has passed.
    pub fn passed() -> TestResult { TestResult::from_bool(true) }

    /// Produces a test result that indicates the current test has failed.
    pub fn failed() -> TestResult { TestResult::from_bool(false) }

    /// Produces a test result that indicates failure from a runtime error.
    pub fn error<S: Into<String>>(msg: S) -> TestResult {
        let mut r = TestResult::from_bool(false);
        r.err = Some(msg.into());
        r
    }

    /// Produces a test result that instructs `quickcheck` to ignore it.
    /// This is useful for restricting the domain of your properties.
    /// When a test is discarded, `quickcheck` will replace it with a
    /// fresh one (up to a certain limit).
    pub fn discard() -> TestResult {
        TestResult {
            status: Discard,
            arguments: vec![],
            err: None,
        }
    }

    /// Converts a `bool` to a `TestResult`. A `true` value indicates that
    /// the test has passed and a `false` value indicates that the test
    /// has failed.
    pub fn from_bool(b: bool) -> TestResult {
        TestResult {
            status: if b { Pass } else { Fail },
            arguments: vec![],
            err: None,
        }
    }

    /// Tests if a "procedure" fails when executed. The test passes only if
    /// `f` generates a task failure during its execution.
    pub fn must_fail<T, F>(f: F) -> TestResult
            where F: FnOnce() -> T, F: Send + 'static, T: Send + 'static {
        let f = panic::AssertUnwindSafe(f);
        TestResult::from_bool(panic::catch_unwind(f).is_err())
    }

    /// Returns `true` if and only if this test result describes a failing
    /// test.
    pub fn is_failure(&self) -> bool {
        match self.status {
            Fail => true,
            Pass|Discard => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if and only if this test result describes a failing
    /// test as a result of a run time error.
    pub fn is_error(&self) -> bool {
        self.is_failure() && self.err.is_some()
    }

    fn failed_msg(&self) -> String {
        match self.err {
            None => {
                format!("[quickcheck] TEST FAILED. Arguments: ({})",
                        self.arguments.connect(", "))
            }
            Some(ref err) => {
                format!("[quickcheck] TEST FAILED (runtime error). \
                         Arguments: ({})\nError: {}",
                        self.arguments.connect(", "), err)
            }
        }
    }
}

/// `Testable` describes types (e.g., a function) whose values can be
/// tested.
///
/// Anything that can be tested must be capable of producing a `TestResult`
/// given a random number generator. This is trivial for types like `bool`,
/// which are just converted to either a passing or failing test result.
///
/// For functions, an implementation must generate random arguments
/// and potentially shrink those arguments if they produce a failure.
///
/// It's unlikely that you'll have to implement this trait yourself.
pub trait Testable : Send + 'static {
    fn result<G: Gen>(&self, &mut G) -> TestResult;
}

impl Testable for bool {
    fn result<G: Gen>(&self, _: &mut G) -> TestResult {
        TestResult::from_bool(*self)
    }
}

impl Testable for () {
    fn result<G: Gen>(&self, _: &mut G) -> TestResult {
        TestResult::passed()
    }
}

impl Testable for TestResult {
    fn result<G: Gen>(&self, _: &mut G) -> TestResult { self.clone() }
}

impl<A, E> Testable for Result<A, E>
        where A: Testable, E: Debug + Send + 'static {
    fn result<G: Gen>(&self, g: &mut G) -> TestResult {
        match *self {
            Ok(ref r) => r.result(g),
            Err(ref err) => TestResult::error(format!("{:?}", err)),
        }
    }
}

macro_rules! testable_fn {
    ($($name: ident),*) => {

impl<T: Testable,
     $($name: Arbitrary + Debug),*> Testable for fn($($name),*) -> T {
    #[allow(non_snake_case)]
    fn result<G_: Gen>(&self, g: &mut G_) -> TestResult {
        fn shrink_failure<T: Testable, G_: Gen, $($name: Arbitrary + Debug),*>(
            g: &mut G_,
            self_: fn($($name),*) -> T,
            a: ($($name,)*),
        ) -> Option<TestResult> {
            for t in a.shrink() {
                let ($($name,)*) = t.clone();
                let mut r_new = safe(move || {self_($($name),*)}).result(g);
                if r_new.is_failure() {
                    let ($($name,)*) : ($($name,)*) = t.clone();
                    r_new.arguments = vec![$(format!("{:?}", $name),)*];

                    // The shrunk value *does* witness a failure, so keep
                    // trying to shrink it.
                    let shrunk = shrink_failure(g, self_, t);

                    // If we couldn't witness a failure on any shrunk value,
                    // then return the failure we already have.
                    return Some(shrunk.unwrap_or(r_new))
                }
            }
            None
        }

        let self_ = *self;
        let a: ($($name,)*) = Arbitrary::arbitrary(g);
        let ( $($name,)* ) = a.clone();
        let mut r = safe(move || {self_($($name),*)}).result(g);

        let ( $($name,)* ) = a.clone();
        r.arguments = vec![$(format!("{:?}", $name),)*];
        match r.status {
            Pass|Discard => r,
            Fail => {
                shrink_failure(g, self_, a).unwrap_or(r)
            }
        }
    }
}}}

testable_fn!();
testable_fn!(A);
testable_fn!(A, B);
testable_fn!(A, B, C);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K);
testable_fn!(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L);

fn safe<T, F>(fun: F) -> Result<T, String>
        where F: FnOnce() -> T, F: Send + 'static, T: Send + 'static {
    panic::catch_unwind(panic::AssertUnwindSafe(fun)).map_err(|any_err| {
        // Extract common types of panic payload:
        // panic and assert produce &str or String
        if let Some(&s) = any_err.downcast_ref::<&str>() {
            s.to_owned()
        } else if let Some(s) = any_err.downcast_ref::<String>() {
            s.to_owned()
        } else {
            "UNABLE TO SHOW RESULT OF PANIC.".to_owned()
        }
    })
}

/// Convenient aliases.
trait AShow : Arbitrary + Debug {}
impl<A: Arbitrary + Debug> AShow for A {}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use QuickCheck;

    #[test]
    fn shrinking_regression_issue_126() {
        fn thetest(vals: Vec<bool>) -> bool {
            vals.iter().filter(|&v| *v).count() < 2
        }
        let failing_case =
            QuickCheck::new()
            .quicktest(thetest as fn(vals: Vec<bool>) -> bool)
            .unwrap_err();
        let expected_argument = format!("{:?}", [true, true]);
        assert_eq!(failing_case.arguments, vec![expected_argument]);
    }
}