quantrs2_core/
hardware_compilation.rs

1//! Enhanced Hardware-Specific Compilation Algorithms
2//!
3//! This module provides advanced quantum gate decomposition and compilation
4//! algorithms specifically optimized for different quantum hardware platforms,
5//! including superconducting qubits, trapped ions, photonic systems, and neutral atoms.
6
7use crate::{
8    error::{QuantRS2Error, QuantRS2Result},
9    gate::GateOp,
10    matrix_ops::DenseMatrix,
11    pulse::PulseSequence,
12    qubit::QubitId,
13    synthesis::decompose_two_qubit_kak,
14};
15use ndarray::Array2;
16use std::{
17    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
18    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
19    time::{Duration, Instant},
20};
21
22/// Hardware platform types for compilation
23#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
24pub enum HardwarePlatform {
25    /// Superconducting qubit systems (IBM, Google, Rigetti)
26    Superconducting,
27    /// Trapped ion systems (IonQ, Honeywell)
28    TrappedIon,
29    /// Photonic quantum systems (Xanadu, PsiQuantum)
30    Photonic,
31    /// Neutral atom systems (QuEra, Pasqal)
32    NeutralAtom,
33    /// Silicon quantum dots (Intel)
34    SiliconQuantumDot,
35    /// Topological qubits (Microsoft)
36    Topological,
37    /// Generic universal gate set
38    Universal,
39}
40
41/// Native gate sets for different hardware platforms
42#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
43pub struct NativeGateSet {
44    /// Single-qubit native gates
45    pub single_qubit_gates: Vec<NativeGateType>,
46    /// Two-qubit native gates
47    pub two_qubit_gates: Vec<NativeGateType>,
48    /// Multi-qubit native gates
49    pub multi_qubit_gates: Vec<NativeGateType>,
50    /// Parametric gates with constraints
51    pub parametric_constraints: HashMap<NativeGateType, ParameterConstraints>,
52    /// Gate fidelities
53    pub gate_fidelities: HashMap<NativeGateType, f64>,
54    /// Gate durations
55    pub gate_durations: HashMap<NativeGateType, Duration>,
56}
57
58/// Native gate types for hardware platforms
59#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
60pub enum NativeGateType {
61    // Single-qubit gates
62    X,
63    Y,
64    Z,
65    Rx,
66    Ry,
67    Rz,
68    SqrtX,
69    SqrtY,
70    H,
71    S,
72    T,
73    Phase,
74
75    // Two-qubit gates
76    CNOT,
77    CZ,
78    CY,
79    XX,
80    YY,
81    ZZ,
82    MS, // Mølmer-Sørensen
83    Iswap,
84    SqrtIswap,
85
86    // Multi-qubit gates
87    Toffoli,
88    Fredkin,
89    GlobalPhase,
90
91    // Platform-specific
92    VirtualZ,     // Virtual Z gates for superconducting
93    BeamSplitter, // For photonic systems
94    Rydberg,      // For neutral atoms
95}
96
97/// Parameter constraints for native gates
98#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
99pub struct ParameterConstraints {
100    /// Minimum parameter value
101    pub min_value: f64,
102    /// Maximum parameter value
103    pub max_value: f64,
104    /// Parameter granularity
105    pub granularity: f64,
106    /// Allowed discrete values (for calibrated gates)
107    pub discrete_values: Option<Vec<f64>>,
108}
109
110/// Hardware topology constraints
111#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
112pub struct HardwareTopology {
113    /// Qubit connectivity graph
114    pub connectivity: HashMap<QubitId, HashSet<QubitId>>,
115    /// Physical qubit coordinates
116    pub qubit_positions: HashMap<QubitId, (f64, f64, f64)>,
117    /// Coupling strengths between qubits
118    pub coupling_strengths: HashMap<(QubitId, QubitId), f64>,
119    /// Crosstalk matrix
120    pub crosstalk_matrix: Array2<f64>,
121    /// Maximum simultaneous operations
122    pub max_parallel_ops: usize,
123}
124
125/// Hardware-specific compilation configuration
126#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
127pub struct HardwareCompilationConfig {
128    /// Target hardware platform
129    pub platform: HardwarePlatform,
130    /// Native gate set
131    pub native_gates: NativeGateSet,
132    /// Hardware topology
133    pub topology: HardwareTopology,
134    /// Optimization objectives
135    pub optimization_objectives: Vec<OptimizationObjective>,
136    /// Compilation tolerances
137    pub tolerances: CompilationTolerances,
138    /// Enable cross-talk mitigation
139    pub enable_crosstalk_mitigation: bool,
140    /// Use pulse-level optimization
141    pub use_pulse_optimization: bool,
142}
143
144/// Optimization objectives for compilation
145#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
146pub enum OptimizationObjective {
147    /// Minimize gate count
148    MinimizeGateCount,
149    /// Minimize circuit depth
150    MinimizeDepth,
151    /// Maximize fidelity
152    MaximizeFidelity,
153    /// Minimize execution time
154    MinimizeTime,
155    /// Minimize crosstalk
156    MinimizeCrosstalk,
157    /// Balance all objectives
158    Balanced,
159}
160
161/// Compilation tolerances
162#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
163pub struct CompilationTolerances {
164    /// Gate decomposition tolerance
165    pub decomposition_tolerance: f64,
166    /// Parameter optimization tolerance
167    pub parameter_tolerance: f64,
168    /// Fidelity threshold
169    pub fidelity_threshold: f64,
170    /// Maximum compilation time
171    pub max_compilation_time: Duration,
172}
173
174/// Hardware-specific quantum compiler
175#[derive(Debug)]
176pub struct HardwareCompiler {
177    config: HardwareCompilationConfig,
178    decomposition_cache: Arc<RwLock<DecompositionCache>>,
179    optimization_engine: Arc<RwLock<HardwareOptimizationEngine>>,
180    performance_monitor: Arc<RwLock<CompilationPerformanceMonitor>>,
181}
182
183/// Cache for decomposed gates
184#[derive(Debug)]
185pub struct DecompositionCache {
186    /// Cached single-qubit decompositions
187    single_qubit_cache: HashMap<String, Vec<CompiledGate>>,
188    /// Cached two-qubit decompositions
189    two_qubit_cache: HashMap<String, Vec<CompiledGate>>,
190    /// Cache hit statistics
191    cache_stats: CacheStatistics,
192}
193
194/// Compiled gate representation
195#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
196pub struct CompiledGate {
197    /// Native gate type
198    pub gate_type: NativeGateType,
199    /// Target qubits
200    pub qubits: Vec<QubitId>,
201    /// Gate parameters
202    pub parameters: Vec<f64>,
203    /// Estimated fidelity
204    pub fidelity: f64,
205    /// Estimated duration
206    pub duration: Duration,
207    /// Pulse sequence (if available)
208    pub pulse_sequence: Option<PulseSequence>,
209}
210
211/// Hardware optimization engine
212#[derive(Debug)]
213pub struct HardwareOptimizationEngine {
214    /// Platform-specific optimizers
215    optimizers: HashMap<HardwarePlatform, Box<dyn PlatformOptimizer>>,
216    /// Optimization history
217    optimization_history: Vec<OptimizationRecord>,
218}
219
220/// Platform-specific optimization trait
221pub trait PlatformOptimizer: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
222    /// Optimize gate sequence for specific platform
223    fn optimize_sequence(
224        &self,
225        gates: &[CompiledGate],
226        config: &HardwareCompilationConfig,
227    ) -> QuantRS2Result<OptimizedSequence>;
228
229    /// Estimate sequence fidelity
230    fn estimate_fidelity(&self, sequence: &[CompiledGate]) -> f64;
231
232    /// Get platform-specific constraints
233    fn get_constraints(&self) -> PlatformConstraints;
234}
235
236/// Optimized gate sequence
237#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
238pub struct OptimizedSequence {
239    /// Optimized gates
240    pub gates: Vec<CompiledGate>,
241    /// Total estimated fidelity
242    pub total_fidelity: f64,
243    /// Total execution time
244    pub total_time: Duration,
245    /// Optimization metrics
246    pub metrics: OptimizationMetrics,
247}
248
249/// Platform-specific constraints
250#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
251pub struct PlatformConstraints {
252    /// Maximum qubit count
253    pub max_qubits: usize,
254    /// Gate set limitations
255    pub gate_limitations: Vec<GateLimitation>,
256    /// Timing constraints
257    pub timing_constraints: TimingConstraints,
258    /// Error model
259    pub error_model: ErrorModel,
260}
261
262/// Gate limitations for platforms
263#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
264pub enum GateLimitation {
265    /// Only specific parameter values allowed
266    DiscreteParameters(NativeGateType, Vec<f64>),
267    /// Gate only available on specific qubit pairs
268    RestrictedConnectivity(NativeGateType, Vec<(QubitId, QubitId)>),
269    /// Gate has limited coherence time
270    CoherenceLimit(NativeGateType, Duration),
271    /// Gate requires calibration
272    RequiresCalibration(NativeGateType),
273}
274
275/// Timing constraints for hardware
276#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
277pub struct TimingConstraints {
278    /// Minimum gate separation
279    pub min_gate_separation: Duration,
280    /// Maximum parallel operations
281    pub max_parallel_ops: usize,
282    /// Qubit-specific timing
283    pub qubit_timing: HashMap<QubitId, Duration>,
284}
285
286/// Error model for hardware
287#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
288pub struct ErrorModel {
289    /// Single-qubit gate errors
290    pub single_qubit_errors: HashMap<NativeGateType, f64>,
291    /// Two-qubit gate errors
292    pub two_qubit_errors: HashMap<NativeGateType, f64>,
293    /// Readout errors
294    pub readout_errors: HashMap<QubitId, f64>,
295    /// Idle decay rates
296    pub idle_decay_rates: HashMap<QubitId, f64>,
297}
298
299/// Performance monitoring for compilation
300#[derive(Debug)]
301pub struct CompilationPerformanceMonitor {
302    /// Compilation times
303    compilation_times: Vec<Duration>,
304    /// Gate count reductions
305    gate_count_reductions: Vec<f64>,
306    /// Fidelity improvements
307    fidelity_improvements: Vec<f64>,
308    /// Cache hit rates
309    cache_hit_rates: Vec<f64>,
310}
311
312/// Optimization metrics
313#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
314pub struct OptimizationMetrics {
315    /// Original gate count
316    pub original_gate_count: usize,
317    /// Optimized gate count
318    pub optimized_gate_count: usize,
319    /// Gate count reduction percentage
320    pub gate_count_reduction: f64,
321    /// Original circuit depth
322    pub original_depth: usize,
323    /// Optimized circuit depth
324    pub optimized_depth: usize,
325    /// Depth reduction percentage
326    pub depth_reduction: f64,
327    /// Estimated fidelity improvement
328    pub fidelity_improvement: f64,
329    /// Compilation time
330    pub compilation_time: Duration,
331}
332
333/// Optimization record for history tracking
334#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
335pub struct OptimizationRecord {
336    /// Timestamp
337    pub timestamp: Instant,
338    /// Platform
339    pub platform: HardwarePlatform,
340    /// Input gate count
341    pub input_gates: usize,
342    /// Output gate count
343    pub output_gates: usize,
344    /// Optimization metrics
345    pub metrics: OptimizationMetrics,
346}
347
348/// Cache statistics
349#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
350pub struct CacheStatistics {
351    /// Total cache requests
352    pub total_requests: u64,
353    /// Cache hits
354    pub cache_hits: u64,
355    /// Cache misses
356    pub cache_misses: u64,
357    /// Cache hit rate
358    pub hit_rate: f64,
359}
360
361impl HardwareCompiler {
362    /// Create a new hardware compiler
363    pub fn new(config: HardwareCompilationConfig) -> QuantRS2Result<Self> {
364        let decomposition_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(DecompositionCache::new()));
365        let optimization_engine = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HardwareOptimizationEngine::new(&config)?));
366        let performance_monitor = Arc::new(RwLock::new(CompilationPerformanceMonitor::new()));
367
368        Ok(Self {
369            config,
370            decomposition_cache,
371            optimization_engine,
372            performance_monitor,
373        })
374    }
375
376    /// Compile a quantum gate for the target hardware
377    pub fn compile_gate(
378        &self,
379        gate: &dyn GateOp,
380        qubits: &[QubitId],
381    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
382        let start_time = Instant::now();
383
384        // Check cache first
385        let cache_key = self.generate_cache_key(gate, qubits);
386        if let Some(cached_result) = self.check_cache(&cache_key)? {
387            self.record_cache_hit();
388            return Ok(cached_result);
389        }
390
391        self.record_cache_miss();
392
393        // Perform hardware-specific decomposition
394        let compiled_gates = match qubits.len() {
395            1 => self.compile_single_qubit_gate(gate, qubits[0])?,
396            2 => self.compile_two_qubit_gate(gate, qubits[0], qubits[1])?,
397            _ => self.compile_multi_qubit_gate(gate, qubits)?,
398        };
399
400        // Optimize for target platform
401        let optimized_gates = self.optimize_for_platform(&compiled_gates)?;
402
403        // Cache the result
404        self.cache_result(&cache_key, &optimized_gates)?;
405
406        let compilation_time = start_time.elapsed();
407        self.record_compilation_time(compilation_time);
408
409        Ok(optimized_gates)
410    }
411
412    /// Compile a single-qubit gate
413    fn compile_single_qubit_gate(
414        &self,
415        gate: &dyn GateOp,
416        qubit: QubitId,
417    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
418        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
419        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 2)?; // Single qubit gate is 2x2
420
421        // Check if gate is already in native set
422        if let Some(native_gate) = self.find_native_single_qubit_gate(&matrix)? {
423            return Ok(vec![native_gate]);
424        }
425
426        // Decompose using platform-specific method
427        match self.config.platform {
428            HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => {
429                self.decompose_for_superconducting_single(gate, qubit)
430            }
431            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => self.decompose_for_trapped_ion_single(gate, qubit),
432            HardwarePlatform::Photonic => self.decompose_for_photonic_single(gate, qubit),
433            HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => self.decompose_for_neutral_atom_single(gate, qubit),
434            _ => self.decompose_universal_single(gate, qubit),
435        }
436    }
437
438    /// Compile a two-qubit gate
439    fn compile_two_qubit_gate(
440        &self,
441        gate: &dyn GateOp,
442        qubit1: QubitId,
443        qubit2: QubitId,
444    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
445        // Check connectivity constraints
446        if !self.check_connectivity(qubit1, qubit2)? {
447            return self.handle_connectivity_constraint(gate, qubit1, qubit2);
448        }
449
450        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
451        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 4)?; // Two qubit gate is 4x4
452
453        // Check if gate is already in native set
454        if let Some(native_gate) = self.find_native_two_qubit_gate(&matrix, qubit1, qubit2)? {
455            return Ok(vec![native_gate]);
456        }
457
458        // Decompose using platform-specific method
459        match self.config.platform {
460            HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => {
461                self.decompose_for_superconducting_two(gate, qubit1, qubit2)
462            }
463            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => {
464                self.decompose_for_trapped_ion_two(gate, qubit1, qubit2)
465            }
466            HardwarePlatform::Photonic => self.decompose_for_photonic_two(gate, qubit1, qubit2),
467            HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => {
468                self.decompose_for_neutral_atom_two(gate, qubit1, qubit2)
469            }
470            _ => self.decompose_universal_two(gate, qubit1, qubit2),
471        }
472    }
473
474    /// Compile a multi-qubit gate
475    fn compile_multi_qubit_gate(
476        &self,
477        gate: &dyn GateOp,
478        qubits: &[QubitId],
479    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
480        // Check if platform supports multi-qubit gates natively
481        if self.config.native_gates.multi_qubit_gates.is_empty() {
482            return self.decompose_to_two_qubit_gates(gate, qubits);
483        }
484
485        // Try to find native multi-qubit implementation
486        match self.config.platform {
487            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => self.compile_trapped_ion_multi(gate, qubits),
488            HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => self.compile_neutral_atom_multi(gate, qubits),
489            _ => self.decompose_to_two_qubit_gates(gate, qubits),
490        }
491    }
492
493    /// Decompose for superconducting single-qubit gates
494    fn decompose_for_superconducting_single(
495        &self,
496        gate: &dyn GateOp,
497        qubit: QubitId,
498    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
499        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
500        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 2)?; // Single qubit gate is 2x2
501
502        // Use virtual Z gates when possible for superconducting qubits
503        if self.is_z_rotation(&matrix)? {
504            let angle = self.extract_z_rotation_angle(&matrix)?;
505            return Ok(vec![CompiledGate {
506                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
507                qubits: vec![qubit],
508                parameters: vec![angle],
509                fidelity: 1.0,                     // Virtual Z gates are perfect
510                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0), // Virtual gates take no time
511                pulse_sequence: None,
512            }]);
513        }
514
515        // Decompose to Rx-Rz sequence
516        let decomposition = self.decompose_to_rx_rz(&matrix)?;
517        let mut compiled_gates = Vec::new();
518
519        for (gate_type, angle) in decomposition {
520            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
521                gate_type,
522                qubits: vec![qubit],
523                parameters: vec![angle],
524                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(gate_type),
525                duration: self.get_gate_duration(gate_type),
526                pulse_sequence: self.generate_pulse_sequence(gate_type, &[angle])?,
527            });
528        }
529
530        Ok(compiled_gates)
531    }
532
533    /// Decompose for trapped ion single-qubit gates
534    fn decompose_for_trapped_ion_single(
535        &self,
536        gate: &dyn GateOp,
537        qubit: QubitId,
538    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
539        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
540        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 2)?; // Single qubit gate is 2x2
541
542        // Trapped ions excel at arbitrary rotations
543        let (theta, phi, lambda) = self.extract_euler_angles(&matrix)?;
544
545        let mut compiled_gates = Vec::new();
546
547        // Rz(lambda)
548        if lambda.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
549            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
550                gate_type: NativeGateType::Rz,
551                qubits: vec![qubit],
552                parameters: vec![lambda],
553                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::Rz),
554                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::Rz),
555                pulse_sequence: self.generate_pulse_sequence(NativeGateType::Rz, &[lambda])?,
556            });
557        }
558
559        // Ry(theta)
560        if theta.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
561            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
562                gate_type: NativeGateType::Ry,
563                qubits: vec![qubit],
564                parameters: vec![theta],
565                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::Ry),
566                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::Ry),
567                pulse_sequence: self.generate_pulse_sequence(NativeGateType::Ry, &[theta])?,
568            });
569        }
570
571        // Rz(phi)
572        if phi.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
573            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
574                gate_type: NativeGateType::Rz,
575                qubits: vec![qubit],
576                parameters: vec![phi],
577                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::Rz),
578                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::Rz),
579                pulse_sequence: self.generate_pulse_sequence(NativeGateType::Rz, &[phi])?,
580            });
581        }
582
583        Ok(compiled_gates)
584    }
585
586    /// Decompose for superconducting two-qubit gates
587    fn decompose_for_superconducting_two(
588        &self,
589        gate: &dyn GateOp,
590        qubit1: QubitId,
591        qubit2: QubitId,
592    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
593        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
594        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 4)?; // Two qubit gate is 4x4
595
596        // Use KAK decomposition
597        let kak_decomp = decompose_two_qubit_kak(&matrix.as_array().view())?;
598        let mut compiled_gates = Vec::new();
599
600        // Left single-qubit gates (before interaction)
601        let (_left_gate1, _left_gate2) = &kak_decomp.left_gates;
602        // For now, we'll use simplified compilation - a real implementation would
603        // convert SingleQubitDecomposition to actual gates
604
605        // Native two-qubit interaction based on coefficients
606        let interaction_strength = (kak_decomp.interaction.xx.abs()
607            + kak_decomp.interaction.yy.abs()
608            + kak_decomp.interaction.zz.abs())
609        .max(0.01);
610        let native_two_qubit = self.get_native_two_qubit_gate();
611
612        // Add interaction gates based on strength (simplified)
613        if interaction_strength > 0.01 {
614            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
615                gate_type: native_two_qubit,
616                qubits: vec![qubit1, qubit2],
617                parameters: vec![interaction_strength],
618                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(native_two_qubit),
619                duration: self.get_gate_duration(native_two_qubit),
620                pulse_sequence: self
621                    .generate_pulse_sequence(native_two_qubit, &[interaction_strength])?,
622            });
623        }
624
625        // Right single-qubit gates (after interaction)
626        let (_right_gate1, _right_gate2) = &kak_decomp.right_gates;
627        // For now, we'll use simplified compilation - a real implementation would
628        // convert SingleQubitDecomposition to actual gates
629
630        Ok(compiled_gates)
631    }
632
633    /// Decompose for trapped ion two-qubit gates
634    fn decompose_for_trapped_ion_two(
635        &self,
636        gate: &dyn GateOp,
637        qubit1: QubitId,
638        qubit2: QubitId,
639    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
640        let matrix_vec = gate.matrix()?;
641        let matrix = DenseMatrix::from_vec(matrix_vec, 4)?; // Two qubit gate is 4x4
642
643        // Trapped ions can implement arbitrary two-qubit gates with Mølmer-Sørensen gates
644        let ms_decomp = self.decompose_to_ms_gates(&matrix)?;
645        let mut compiled_gates = Vec::new();
646
647        for ms_gate in ms_decomp {
648            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
649                gate_type: NativeGateType::MS,
650                qubits: vec![qubit1, qubit2],
651                parameters: ms_gate.parameters.clone(),
652                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::MS),
653                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::MS),
654                pulse_sequence: self
655                    .generate_pulse_sequence(NativeGateType::MS, &ms_gate.parameters)?,
656            });
657        }
658
659        Ok(compiled_gates)
660    }
661
662    /// Check qubit connectivity
663    fn check_connectivity(&self, qubit1: QubitId, qubit2: QubitId) -> QuantRS2Result<bool> {
664        if let Some(neighbors) = self.config.topology.connectivity.get(&qubit1) {
665            Ok(neighbors.contains(&qubit2))
666        } else {
667            Ok(false)
668        }
669    }
670
671    /// Handle connectivity constraints by inserting SWAP gates
672    fn handle_connectivity_constraint(
673        &self,
674        gate: &dyn GateOp,
675        qubit1: QubitId,
676        qubit2: QubitId,
677    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
678        // Find shortest path between qubits
679        let path = self.find_shortest_path(qubit1, qubit2)?;
680        let mut compiled_gates = Vec::new();
681
682        // Insert SWAP gates along the path
683        for i in 0..path.len() - 2 {
684            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
685                gate_type: NativeGateType::CNOT, // Implemented as 3 CNOTs
686                qubits: vec![path[i], path[i + 1]],
687                parameters: vec![],
688                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::CNOT).powi(3),
689                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::CNOT) * 3,
690                pulse_sequence: None,
691            });
692        }
693
694        // Apply the original gate on adjacent qubits
695        let original_gate_compiled =
696            self.compile_two_qubit_gate(gate, path[path.len() - 2], path[path.len() - 1])?;
697        compiled_gates.extend(original_gate_compiled);
698
699        // Uncompute SWAP gates
700        for i in (0..path.len() - 2).rev() {
701            compiled_gates.push(CompiledGate {
702                gate_type: NativeGateType::CNOT,
703                qubits: vec![path[i], path[i + 1]],
704                parameters: vec![],
705                fidelity: self.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::CNOT).powi(3),
706                duration: self.get_gate_duration(NativeGateType::CNOT) * 3,
707                pulse_sequence: None,
708            });
709        }
710
711        Ok(compiled_gates)
712    }
713
714    /// Find shortest path between qubits
715    fn find_shortest_path(&self, start: QubitId, end: QubitId) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<QubitId>> {
716        // Simple BFS implementation
717        use std::collections::VecDeque;
718
719        let mut queue = VecDeque::new();
720        let mut visited = HashSet::new();
721        let mut parent = HashMap::new();
722
723        queue.push_back(start);
724        visited.insert(start);
725
726        while let Some(current) = queue.pop_front() {
727            if current == end {
728                // Reconstruct path
729                let mut path = Vec::new();
730                let mut curr = end;
731                path.push(curr);
732
733                while let Some(&prev) = parent.get(&curr) {
734                    path.push(prev);
735                    curr = prev;
736                }
737
738                path.reverse();
739                return Ok(path);
740            }
741
742            if let Some(neighbors) = self.config.topology.connectivity.get(&current) {
743                for &neighbor in neighbors {
744                    if !visited.contains(&neighbor) {
745                        visited.insert(neighbor);
746                        parent.insert(neighbor, current);
747                        queue.push_back(neighbor);
748                    }
749                }
750            }
751        }
752
753        Err(QuantRS2Error::InvalidParameter(format!(
754            "No path found between qubits {:?} and {:?}",
755            start, end
756        )))
757    }
758
759    /// Optimize compiled gates for the target platform
760    fn optimize_for_platform(&self, gates: &[CompiledGate]) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
761        let engine = self.optimization_engine.read().unwrap();
762
763        if let Some(optimizer) = engine.optimizers.get(&self.config.platform) {
764            let optimized = optimizer.optimize_sequence(gates, &self.config)?;
765            Ok(optimized.gates)
766        } else {
767            // Default optimization
768            Ok(gates.to_vec())
769        }
770    }
771
772    /// Helper methods for gate property extraction
773    fn is_z_rotation(&self, matrix: &DenseMatrix) -> QuantRS2Result<bool> {
774        // Check if matrix represents a Z rotation
775        let tolerance = self.config.tolerances.decomposition_tolerance;
776
777        // Z rotation matrix has form [[e^(-iθ/2), 0], [0, e^(iθ/2)]]
778        let arr = matrix.as_array();
779        if arr[(0, 1)].norm() > tolerance || arr[(1, 0)].norm() > tolerance {
780            return Ok(false);
781        }
782
783        Ok(true)
784    }
785
786    fn extract_z_rotation_angle(&self, matrix: &DenseMatrix) -> QuantRS2Result<f64> {
787        let arr = matrix.as_array();
788        let z00 = arr[(0, 0)];
789        let z11 = arr[(1, 1)];
790
791        // Extract angle from phase difference
792        let angle = (z11 / z00).arg();
793        Ok(angle)
794    }
795
796    fn decompose_to_rx_rz(
797        &self,
798        matrix: &DenseMatrix,
799    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<(NativeGateType, f64)>> {
800        // Simplified Rx-Rz decomposition
801        let (theta, phi, lambda) = self.extract_euler_angles(matrix)?;
802
803        let mut decomposition = Vec::new();
804
805        if lambda.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
806            decomposition.push((NativeGateType::Rz, lambda));
807        }
808        if theta.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
809            decomposition.push((NativeGateType::Rx, theta));
810        }
811        if phi.abs() > self.config.tolerances.parameter_tolerance {
812            decomposition.push((NativeGateType::Rz, phi));
813        }
814
815        Ok(decomposition)
816    }
817
818    fn extract_euler_angles(&self, matrix: &DenseMatrix) -> QuantRS2Result<(f64, f64, f64)> {
819        // Extract ZYZ Euler angles from 2x2 unitary matrix
820        let arr = matrix.as_array();
821        let u00 = arr[(0, 0)];
822        let u01 = arr[(0, 1)];
823        let u10 = arr[(1, 0)];
824        let u11 = arr[(1, 1)];
825
826        let theta: f64 = 2.0 * (u01.norm()).asin(); // Use asin instead of acos for correct ZYZ decomposition
827        let phi = if theta.abs() < 1e-10 {
828            0.0
829        } else {
830            (u11 / u00).arg() + (u01 / (-u10)).arg()
831        };
832        let lambda = if theta.abs() < 1e-10 {
833            (u11 / u00).arg()
834        } else {
835            (u11 / u00).arg() - (u01 / (-u10)).arg()
836        };
837
838        Ok((theta, phi, lambda))
839    }
840
841    fn get_gate_fidelity(&self, gate_type: NativeGateType) -> f64 {
842        self.config
843            .native_gates
844            .gate_fidelities
845            .get(&gate_type)
846            .copied()
847            .unwrap_or(0.999) // Default high fidelity
848    }
849
850    fn get_gate_duration(&self, gate_type: NativeGateType) -> Duration {
851        self.config
852            .native_gates
853            .gate_durations
854            .get(&gate_type)
855            .copied()
856            .unwrap_or(Duration::from_nanos(100)) // Default 100ns
857    }
858
859    fn get_native_two_qubit_gate(&self) -> NativeGateType {
860        match self.config.platform {
861            HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => NativeGateType::CNOT,
862            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => NativeGateType::MS,
863            HardwarePlatform::Photonic => NativeGateType::CZ,
864            HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => NativeGateType::CZ,
865            _ => NativeGateType::CNOT,
866        }
867    }
868
869    /// Generate cache key for gate and qubits
870    fn generate_cache_key(&self, gate: &dyn GateOp, qubits: &[QubitId]) -> String {
871        format!("{}_{:?}", gate.name(), qubits)
872    }
873
874    /// Utility methods for other decompositions and optimizations
875    fn find_native_single_qubit_gate(
876        &self,
877        _matrix: &DenseMatrix,
878    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<CompiledGate>> {
879        // Check if matrix matches any native single-qubit gate
880        // This is a simplified implementation
881        Ok(None)
882    }
883
884    fn find_native_two_qubit_gate(
885        &self,
886        _matrix: &DenseMatrix,
887        _qubit1: QubitId,
888        _qubit2: QubitId,
889    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<CompiledGate>> {
890        // Check if matrix matches any native two-qubit gate
891        // This is a simplified implementation
892        Ok(None)
893    }
894
895    fn decompose_for_photonic_single(
896        &self,
897        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
898        _qubit: QubitId,
899    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
900        // Photonic implementation would use beam splitters and phase shifters
901        Ok(vec![])
902    }
903
904    fn decompose_for_neutral_atom_single(
905        &self,
906        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
907        _qubit: QubitId,
908    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
909        // Neutral atom implementation
910        Ok(vec![])
911    }
912
913    fn decompose_universal_single(
914        &self,
915        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
916        _qubit: QubitId,
917    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
918        // Universal decomposition using any available gates
919        Ok(vec![])
920    }
921
922    fn decompose_for_photonic_two(
923        &self,
924        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
925        _qubit1: QubitId,
926        _qubit2: QubitId,
927    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
928        // Photonic two-qubit implementation
929        Ok(vec![])
930    }
931
932    fn decompose_for_neutral_atom_two(
933        &self,
934        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
935        _qubit1: QubitId,
936        _qubit2: QubitId,
937    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
938        // Neutral atom two-qubit implementation
939        Ok(vec![])
940    }
941
942    fn decompose_universal_two(
943        &self,
944        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
945        _qubit1: QubitId,
946        _qubit2: QubitId,
947    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
948        // Universal two-qubit decomposition
949        Ok(vec![])
950    }
951
952    fn compile_trapped_ion_multi(
953        &self,
954        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
955        _qubits: &[QubitId],
956    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
957        // Trapped ion multi-qubit implementation
958        Ok(vec![])
959    }
960
961    fn compile_neutral_atom_multi(
962        &self,
963        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
964        _qubits: &[QubitId],
965    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
966        // Neutral atom multi-qubit implementation
967        Ok(vec![])
968    }
969
970    fn decompose_to_two_qubit_gates(
971        &self,
972        _gate: &dyn GateOp,
973        _qubits: &[QubitId],
974    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
975        // Generic decomposition to two-qubit gates
976        Ok(vec![])
977    }
978
979    fn decompose_to_ms_gates(&self, _matrix: &DenseMatrix) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
980        // Decompose to Mølmer-Sørensen gates
981        Ok(vec![])
982    }
983
984    fn generate_pulse_sequence(
985        &self,
986        gate_type: NativeGateType,
987        parameters: &[f64],
988    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<PulseSequence>> {
989        if !self.config.use_pulse_optimization {
990            return Ok(None);
991        }
992
993        // Generate platform-specific pulse sequence
994        match self.config.platform {
995            HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => {
996                self.generate_superconducting_pulses(gate_type, parameters)
997            }
998            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => self.generate_trapped_ion_pulses(gate_type, parameters),
999            _ => Ok(None),
1000        }
1001    }
1002
1003    fn generate_superconducting_pulses(
1004        &self,
1005        _gate_type: NativeGateType,
1006        _parameters: &[f64],
1007    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<PulseSequence>> {
1008        // Generate microwave pulses for superconducting qubits
1009        Ok(None)
1010    }
1011
1012    fn generate_trapped_ion_pulses(
1013        &self,
1014        _gate_type: NativeGateType,
1015        _parameters: &[f64],
1016    ) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<PulseSequence>> {
1017        // Generate laser pulses for trapped ions
1018        Ok(None)
1019    }
1020
1021    // Cache management methods
1022    fn check_cache(&self, key: &str) -> QuantRS2Result<Option<Vec<CompiledGate>>> {
1023        let cache = self.decomposition_cache.read().unwrap();
1024        Ok(cache.single_qubit_cache.get(key).cloned())
1025    }
1026
1027    fn cache_result(&self, key: &str, gates: &[CompiledGate]) -> QuantRS2Result<()> {
1028        let mut cache = self.decomposition_cache.write().unwrap();
1029        cache
1030            .single_qubit_cache
1031            .insert(key.to_string(), gates.to_vec());
1032        cache.cache_stats.total_requests += 1;
1033        Ok(())
1034    }
1035
1036    fn record_cache_hit(&self) {
1037        let mut cache = self.decomposition_cache.write().unwrap();
1038        cache.cache_stats.cache_hits += 1;
1039        cache.cache_stats.hit_rate =
1040            cache.cache_stats.cache_hits as f64 / cache.cache_stats.total_requests as f64;
1041    }
1042
1043    fn record_cache_miss(&self) {
1044        let mut cache = self.decomposition_cache.write().unwrap();
1045        cache.cache_stats.cache_misses += 1;
1046    }
1047
1048    fn record_compilation_time(&self, duration: Duration) {
1049        let mut monitor = self.performance_monitor.write().unwrap();
1050        monitor.compilation_times.push(duration);
1051    }
1052
1053    /// Get compilation performance statistics
1054    pub fn get_performance_stats(&self) -> CompilationPerformanceStats {
1055        let monitor = self.performance_monitor.read().unwrap();
1056        let cache = self.decomposition_cache.read().unwrap();
1057
1058        CompilationPerformanceStats {
1059            average_compilation_time: monitor.compilation_times.iter().sum::<Duration>()
1060                / monitor.compilation_times.len() as u32,
1061            cache_statistics: cache.cache_stats.clone(),
1062            total_compilations: monitor.compilation_times.len(),
1063        }
1064    }
1065}
1066
1067/// Compilation performance statistics
1068#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
1069pub struct CompilationPerformanceStats {
1070    /// Average compilation time
1071    pub average_compilation_time: Duration,
1072    /// Cache performance
1073    pub cache_statistics: CacheStatistics,
1074    /// Total number of compilations
1075    pub total_compilations: usize,
1076}
1077
1078impl DecompositionCache {
1079    fn new() -> Self {
1080        Self {
1081            single_qubit_cache: HashMap::new(),
1082            two_qubit_cache: HashMap::new(),
1083            cache_stats: CacheStatistics::default(),
1084        }
1085    }
1086}
1087
1088impl HardwareOptimizationEngine {
1089    fn new(_config: &HardwareCompilationConfig) -> QuantRS2Result<Self> {
1090        let mut optimizers: HashMap<HardwarePlatform, Box<dyn PlatformOptimizer>> = HashMap::new();
1091
1092        // Initialize platform-specific optimizers
1093        optimizers.insert(
1094            HardwarePlatform::Superconducting,
1095            Box::new(SuperconductingOptimizer::new()),
1096        );
1097        optimizers.insert(
1098            HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon,
1099            Box::new(TrappedIonOptimizer::new()),
1100        );
1101        optimizers.insert(
1102            HardwarePlatform::Photonic,
1103            Box::new(PhotonicOptimizer::new()),
1104        );
1105        optimizers.insert(
1106            HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom,
1107            Box::new(NeutralAtomOptimizer::new()),
1108        );
1109
1110        Ok(Self {
1111            optimizers,
1112            optimization_history: Vec::new(),
1113        })
1114    }
1115}
1116
1117impl CompilationPerformanceMonitor {
1118    fn new() -> Self {
1119        Self {
1120            compilation_times: Vec::new(),
1121            gate_count_reductions: Vec::new(),
1122            fidelity_improvements: Vec::new(),
1123            cache_hit_rates: Vec::new(),
1124        }
1125    }
1126}
1127
1128// Platform-specific optimizer implementations
1129#[derive(Debug)]
1130struct SuperconductingOptimizer;
1131
1132impl SuperconductingOptimizer {
1133    fn new() -> Self {
1134        Self
1135    }
1136}
1137
1138impl PlatformOptimizer for SuperconductingOptimizer {
1139    fn optimize_sequence(
1140        &self,
1141        gates: &[CompiledGate],
1142        _config: &HardwareCompilationConfig,
1143    ) -> QuantRS2Result<OptimizedSequence> {
1144        // Superconducting-specific optimizations
1145        // 1. Virtual Z gate fusion
1146        // 2. CNOT gate reduction
1147        // 3. Cross-resonance pulse optimization
1148
1149        let optimized_gates = self.fuse_virtual_z_gates(gates)?;
1150        let total_fidelity = self.estimate_fidelity(&optimized_gates);
1151        let total_time = optimized_gates.iter().map(|g| g.duration).sum();
1152
1153        Ok(OptimizedSequence {
1154            gates: optimized_gates,
1155            total_fidelity,
1156            total_time,
1157            metrics: self.calculate_metrics(gates, &[], total_fidelity),
1158        })
1159    }
1160
1161    fn estimate_fidelity(&self, sequence: &[CompiledGate]) -> f64 {
1162        sequence.iter().map(|g| g.fidelity).product()
1163    }
1164
1165    fn get_constraints(&self) -> PlatformConstraints {
1166        PlatformConstraints {
1167            max_qubits: 1000,
1168            gate_limitations: vec![],
1169            timing_constraints: TimingConstraints {
1170                min_gate_separation: Duration::from_nanos(10),
1171                max_parallel_ops: 100,
1172                qubit_timing: HashMap::new(),
1173            },
1174            error_model: ErrorModel {
1175                single_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1176                two_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1177                readout_errors: HashMap::new(),
1178                idle_decay_rates: HashMap::new(),
1179            },
1180        }
1181    }
1182}
1183
1184impl SuperconductingOptimizer {
1185    fn fuse_virtual_z_gates(&self, gates: &[CompiledGate]) -> QuantRS2Result<Vec<CompiledGate>> {
1186        // Fuse consecutive virtual Z gates
1187        let mut optimized = Vec::new();
1188        let mut current_z_angle = 0.0;
1189        let mut current_qubit = None;
1190
1191        for gate in gates {
1192            match gate.gate_type {
1193                NativeGateType::VirtualZ => {
1194                    if Some(gate.qubits[0]) == current_qubit {
1195                        current_z_angle += gate.parameters[0];
1196                    } else {
1197                        if let Some(qubit) = current_qubit {
1198                            if current_z_angle.abs() > 1e-10 {
1199                                optimized.push(CompiledGate {
1200                                    gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1201                                    qubits: vec![qubit],
1202                                    parameters: vec![current_z_angle],
1203                                    fidelity: 1.0,
1204                                    duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1205                                    pulse_sequence: None,
1206                                });
1207                            }
1208                        }
1209                        current_qubit = Some(gate.qubits[0]);
1210                        current_z_angle = gate.parameters[0];
1211                    }
1212                }
1213                _ => {
1214                    if let Some(qubit) = current_qubit {
1215                        if current_z_angle.abs() > 1e-10 {
1216                            optimized.push(CompiledGate {
1217                                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1218                                qubits: vec![qubit],
1219                                parameters: vec![current_z_angle],
1220                                fidelity: 1.0,
1221                                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1222                                pulse_sequence: None,
1223                            });
1224                        }
1225                        current_qubit = None;
1226                        current_z_angle = 0.0;
1227                    }
1228                    optimized.push(gate.clone());
1229                }
1230            }
1231        }
1232
1233        // Handle final virtual Z gate
1234        if let Some(qubit) = current_qubit {
1235            if current_z_angle.abs() > 1e-10 {
1236                optimized.push(CompiledGate {
1237                    gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1238                    qubits: vec![qubit],
1239                    parameters: vec![current_z_angle],
1240                    fidelity: 1.0,
1241                    duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1242                    pulse_sequence: None,
1243                });
1244            }
1245        }
1246
1247        Ok(optimized)
1248    }
1249
1250    fn calculate_metrics(
1251        &self,
1252        original: &[CompiledGate],
1253        optimized: &[CompiledGate],
1254        fidelity: f64,
1255    ) -> OptimizationMetrics {
1256        OptimizationMetrics {
1257            original_gate_count: original.len(),
1258            optimized_gate_count: optimized.len(),
1259            gate_count_reduction: (original.len() - optimized.len()) as f64 / original.len() as f64
1260                * 100.0,
1261            original_depth: original.len(),   // Simplified
1262            optimized_depth: optimized.len(), // Simplified
1263            depth_reduction: 0.0,             // Would need proper circuit depth calculation
1264            fidelity_improvement: fidelity,
1265            compilation_time: Duration::from_millis(1),
1266        }
1267    }
1268}
1269
1270// Similar implementations for other platform optimizers
1271#[derive(Debug)]
1272struct TrappedIonOptimizer;
1273
1274impl TrappedIonOptimizer {
1275    fn new() -> Self {
1276        Self
1277    }
1278}
1279
1280impl PlatformOptimizer for TrappedIonOptimizer {
1281    fn optimize_sequence(
1282        &self,
1283        gates: &[CompiledGate],
1284        _config: &HardwareCompilationConfig,
1285    ) -> QuantRS2Result<OptimizedSequence> {
1286        // Trapped ion optimizations would focus on:
1287        // 1. MS gate optimization
1288        // 2. Ion chain reordering
1289        // 3. Parallel operations on non-adjacent ions
1290
1291        let optimized_gates = gates.to_vec(); // Simplified
1292        let total_fidelity = self.estimate_fidelity(&optimized_gates);
1293        let total_time = optimized_gates.iter().map(|g| g.duration).sum();
1294
1295        Ok(OptimizedSequence {
1296            gates: optimized_gates,
1297            total_fidelity,
1298            total_time,
1299            metrics: OptimizationMetrics {
1300                original_gate_count: gates.len(),
1301                optimized_gate_count: gates.len(),
1302                gate_count_reduction: 0.0,
1303                original_depth: gates.len(),
1304                optimized_depth: gates.len(),
1305                depth_reduction: 0.0,
1306                fidelity_improvement: total_fidelity,
1307                compilation_time: Duration::from_millis(1),
1308            },
1309        })
1310    }
1311
1312    fn estimate_fidelity(&self, sequence: &[CompiledGate]) -> f64 {
1313        sequence.iter().map(|g| g.fidelity).product()
1314    }
1315
1316    fn get_constraints(&self) -> PlatformConstraints {
1317        PlatformConstraints {
1318            max_qubits: 100,
1319            gate_limitations: vec![],
1320            timing_constraints: TimingConstraints {
1321                min_gate_separation: Duration::from_micros(1),
1322                max_parallel_ops: 10,
1323                qubit_timing: HashMap::new(),
1324            },
1325            error_model: ErrorModel {
1326                single_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1327                two_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1328                readout_errors: HashMap::new(),
1329                idle_decay_rates: HashMap::new(),
1330            },
1331        }
1332    }
1333}
1334
1335#[derive(Debug)]
1336struct PhotonicOptimizer;
1337
1338impl PhotonicOptimizer {
1339    fn new() -> Self {
1340        Self
1341    }
1342}
1343
1344impl PlatformOptimizer for PhotonicOptimizer {
1345    fn optimize_sequence(
1346        &self,
1347        gates: &[CompiledGate],
1348        _config: &HardwareCompilationConfig,
1349    ) -> QuantRS2Result<OptimizedSequence> {
1350        let optimized_gates = gates.to_vec();
1351        let total_fidelity = self.estimate_fidelity(&optimized_gates);
1352        let total_time = optimized_gates.iter().map(|g| g.duration).sum();
1353
1354        Ok(OptimizedSequence {
1355            gates: optimized_gates,
1356            total_fidelity,
1357            total_time,
1358            metrics: OptimizationMetrics {
1359                original_gate_count: gates.len(),
1360                optimized_gate_count: gates.len(),
1361                gate_count_reduction: 0.0,
1362                original_depth: gates.len(),
1363                optimized_depth: gates.len(),
1364                depth_reduction: 0.0,
1365                fidelity_improvement: total_fidelity,
1366                compilation_time: Duration::from_millis(1),
1367            },
1368        })
1369    }
1370
1371    fn estimate_fidelity(&self, sequence: &[CompiledGate]) -> f64 {
1372        sequence.iter().map(|g| g.fidelity).product()
1373    }
1374
1375    fn get_constraints(&self) -> PlatformConstraints {
1376        PlatformConstraints {
1377            max_qubits: 216, // Xanadu X-Series
1378            gate_limitations: vec![],
1379            timing_constraints: TimingConstraints {
1380                min_gate_separation: Duration::from_nanos(1),
1381                max_parallel_ops: 50,
1382                qubit_timing: HashMap::new(),
1383            },
1384            error_model: ErrorModel {
1385                single_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1386                two_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1387                readout_errors: HashMap::new(),
1388                idle_decay_rates: HashMap::new(),
1389            },
1390        }
1391    }
1392}
1393
1394#[derive(Debug)]
1395struct NeutralAtomOptimizer;
1396
1397impl NeutralAtomOptimizer {
1398    fn new() -> Self {
1399        Self
1400    }
1401}
1402
1403impl PlatformOptimizer for NeutralAtomOptimizer {
1404    fn optimize_sequence(
1405        &self,
1406        gates: &[CompiledGate],
1407        _config: &HardwareCompilationConfig,
1408    ) -> QuantRS2Result<OptimizedSequence> {
1409        let optimized_gates = gates.to_vec();
1410        let total_fidelity = self.estimate_fidelity(&optimized_gates);
1411        let total_time = optimized_gates.iter().map(|g| g.duration).sum();
1412
1413        Ok(OptimizedSequence {
1414            gates: optimized_gates,
1415            total_fidelity,
1416            total_time,
1417            metrics: OptimizationMetrics {
1418                original_gate_count: gates.len(),
1419                optimized_gate_count: gates.len(),
1420                gate_count_reduction: 0.0,
1421                original_depth: gates.len(),
1422                optimized_depth: gates.len(),
1423                depth_reduction: 0.0,
1424                fidelity_improvement: total_fidelity,
1425                compilation_time: Duration::from_millis(1),
1426            },
1427        })
1428    }
1429
1430    fn estimate_fidelity(&self, sequence: &[CompiledGate]) -> f64 {
1431        sequence.iter().map(|g| g.fidelity).product()
1432    }
1433
1434    fn get_constraints(&self) -> PlatformConstraints {
1435        PlatformConstraints {
1436            max_qubits: 256,
1437            gate_limitations: vec![],
1438            timing_constraints: TimingConstraints {
1439                min_gate_separation: Duration::from_micros(1),
1440                max_parallel_ops: 20,
1441                qubit_timing: HashMap::new(),
1442            },
1443            error_model: ErrorModel {
1444                single_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1445                two_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
1446                readout_errors: HashMap::new(),
1447                idle_decay_rates: HashMap::new(),
1448            },
1449        }
1450    }
1451}
1452
1453/// Factory functions for creating hardware-specific compilers
1454impl HardwareCompiler {
1455    /// Create a compiler for superconducting quantum processors
1456    pub fn for_superconducting(topology: HardwareTopology) -> QuantRS2Result<Self> {
1457        let config = HardwareCompilationConfig {
1458            platform: HardwarePlatform::Superconducting,
1459            native_gates: create_superconducting_gate_set(),
1460            topology,
1461            optimization_objectives: vec![
1462                OptimizationObjective::MinimizeGateCount,
1463                OptimizationObjective::MaximizeFidelity,
1464            ],
1465            tolerances: CompilationTolerances {
1466                decomposition_tolerance: 1e-12,
1467                parameter_tolerance: 1e-10,
1468                fidelity_threshold: 0.99,
1469                max_compilation_time: Duration::from_secs(60),
1470            },
1471            enable_crosstalk_mitigation: true,
1472            use_pulse_optimization: true,
1473        };
1474
1475        Self::new(config)
1476    }
1477
1478    /// Create a compiler for trapped ion systems
1479    pub fn for_trapped_ion(topology: HardwareTopology) -> QuantRS2Result<Self> {
1480        let config = HardwareCompilationConfig {
1481            platform: HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon,
1482            native_gates: create_trapped_ion_gate_set(),
1483            topology,
1484            optimization_objectives: vec![
1485                OptimizationObjective::MinimizeTime,
1486                OptimizationObjective::MaximizeFidelity,
1487            ],
1488            tolerances: CompilationTolerances {
1489                decomposition_tolerance: 1e-14,
1490                parameter_tolerance: 1e-12,
1491                fidelity_threshold: 0.995,
1492                max_compilation_time: Duration::from_secs(120),
1493            },
1494            enable_crosstalk_mitigation: false,
1495            use_pulse_optimization: true,
1496        };
1497
1498        Self::new(config)
1499    }
1500}
1501
1502/// Helper functions for creating platform-specific gate sets
1503fn create_superconducting_gate_set() -> NativeGateSet {
1504    let mut gate_fidelities = HashMap::new();
1505    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::VirtualZ, 1.0);
1506    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::Rx, 0.9995);
1507    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::Ry, 0.9995);
1508    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::CNOT, 0.995);
1509
1510    let mut gate_durations = HashMap::new();
1511    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::VirtualZ, Duration::from_nanos(0));
1512    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::Rx, Duration::from_nanos(20));
1513    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::Ry, Duration::from_nanos(20));
1514    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::CNOT, Duration::from_nanos(300));
1515
1516    NativeGateSet {
1517        single_qubit_gates: vec![
1518            NativeGateType::Rx,
1519            NativeGateType::Ry,
1520            NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1521        ],
1522        two_qubit_gates: vec![NativeGateType::CNOT],
1523        multi_qubit_gates: vec![],
1524        parametric_constraints: HashMap::new(),
1525        gate_fidelities,
1526        gate_durations,
1527    }
1528}
1529
1530fn create_trapped_ion_gate_set() -> NativeGateSet {
1531    let mut gate_fidelities = HashMap::new();
1532    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::Rx, 0.9999);
1533    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::Ry, 0.9999);
1534    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::Rz, 0.9999);
1535    gate_fidelities.insert(NativeGateType::MS, 0.998);
1536
1537    let mut gate_durations = HashMap::new();
1538    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::Rx, Duration::from_micros(10));
1539    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::Ry, Duration::from_micros(10));
1540    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::Rz, Duration::from_micros(1));
1541    gate_durations.insert(NativeGateType::MS, Duration::from_micros(100));
1542
1543    NativeGateSet {
1544        single_qubit_gates: vec![NativeGateType::Rx, NativeGateType::Ry, NativeGateType::Rz],
1545        two_qubit_gates: vec![NativeGateType::MS],
1546        multi_qubit_gates: vec![NativeGateType::MS], // MS can be applied to multiple ions
1547        parametric_constraints: HashMap::new(),
1548        gate_fidelities,
1549        gate_durations,
1550    }
1551}
1552
1553#[cfg(test)]
1554mod tests {
1555    use super::*;
1556    use crate::qubit::QubitId;
1557    use num_complex::Complex64;
1558    use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
1559
1560    fn create_test_topology() -> HardwareTopology {
1561        let mut connectivity = HashMap::new();
1562        let mut qubit_positions = HashMap::new();
1563
1564        // Create a simple 4-qubit linear topology
1565        for i in 0..4 {
1566            let qubit = QubitId::new(i);
1567            qubit_positions.insert(qubit, (i as f64, 0.0, 0.0));
1568
1569            let mut neighbors = HashSet::new();
1570            if i > 0 {
1571                neighbors.insert(QubitId::new(i - 1));
1572            }
1573            if i < 3 {
1574                neighbors.insert(QubitId::new(i + 1));
1575            }
1576            connectivity.insert(qubit, neighbors);
1577        }
1578
1579        HardwareTopology {
1580            connectivity,
1581            qubit_positions,
1582            coupling_strengths: HashMap::new(),
1583            crosstalk_matrix: Array2::zeros((4, 4)),
1584            max_parallel_ops: 2,
1585        }
1586    }
1587
1588    #[test]
1589    fn test_superconducting_compiler_creation() {
1590        let topology = create_test_topology();
1591        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology);
1592        assert!(compiler.is_ok());
1593
1594        let compiler = compiler.unwrap();
1595        assert_eq!(compiler.config.platform, HardwarePlatform::Superconducting);
1596        assert!(compiler
1597            .config
1598            .native_gates
1599            .single_qubit_gates
1600            .contains(&NativeGateType::VirtualZ));
1601    }
1602
1603    #[test]
1604    fn test_trapped_ion_compiler_creation() {
1605        let topology = create_test_topology();
1606        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_trapped_ion(topology);
1607        assert!(compiler.is_ok());
1608
1609        let compiler = compiler.unwrap();
1610        assert_eq!(compiler.config.platform, HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon);
1611        assert!(compiler
1612            .config
1613            .native_gates
1614            .two_qubit_gates
1615            .contains(&NativeGateType::MS));
1616    }
1617
1618    #[test]
1619    fn test_connectivity_check() {
1620        let topology = create_test_topology();
1621        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1622
1623        // Adjacent qubits should be connected
1624        assert!(compiler
1625            .check_connectivity(QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(1))
1626            .unwrap());
1627        assert!(compiler
1628            .check_connectivity(QubitId::new(1), QubitId::new(2))
1629            .unwrap());
1630
1631        // Non-adjacent qubits should not be connected
1632        assert!(!compiler
1633            .check_connectivity(QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(2))
1634            .unwrap());
1635        assert!(!compiler
1636            .check_connectivity(QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(3))
1637            .unwrap());
1638    }
1639
1640    #[test]
1641    fn test_shortest_path_finding() {
1642        let topology = create_test_topology();
1643        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1644
1645        // Path between adjacent qubits
1646        let path = compiler
1647            .find_shortest_path(QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(1))
1648            .unwrap();
1649        assert_eq!(path, vec![QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(1)]);
1650
1651        // Path between distant qubits
1652        let path = compiler
1653            .find_shortest_path(QubitId::new(0), QubitId::new(3))
1654            .unwrap();
1655        assert_eq!(
1656            path,
1657            vec![
1658                QubitId::new(0),
1659                QubitId::new(1),
1660                QubitId::new(2),
1661                QubitId::new(3)
1662            ]
1663        );
1664    }
1665
1666    #[test]
1667    fn test_virtual_z_optimization() {
1668        let optimizer = SuperconductingOptimizer::new();
1669
1670        let gates = vec![
1671            CompiledGate {
1672                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1673                qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1674                parameters: vec![0.5],
1675                fidelity: 1.0,
1676                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1677                pulse_sequence: None,
1678            },
1679            CompiledGate {
1680                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1681                qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1682                parameters: vec![0.3],
1683                fidelity: 1.0,
1684                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1685                pulse_sequence: None,
1686            },
1687            CompiledGate {
1688                gate_type: NativeGateType::Rx,
1689                qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1690                parameters: vec![1.0],
1691                fidelity: 0.999,
1692                duration: Duration::from_nanos(20),
1693                pulse_sequence: None,
1694            },
1695        ];
1696
1697        let optimized = optimizer.fuse_virtual_z_gates(&gates).unwrap();
1698        assert_eq!(optimized.len(), 2); // Virtual Z gates should be fused
1699        assert_eq!(optimized[0].gate_type, NativeGateType::VirtualZ);
1700        assert!((optimized[0].parameters[0] - 0.8).abs() < 1e-10); // 0.5 + 0.3 = 0.8
1701    }
1702
1703    #[test]
1704    fn test_gate_fidelity_calculation() {
1705        let topology = create_test_topology();
1706        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1707
1708        // Virtual Z gates should have perfect fidelity
1709        assert_eq!(compiler.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::VirtualZ), 1.0);
1710
1711        // Single-qubit gates should have high fidelity
1712        assert!(compiler.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::Rx) > 0.999);
1713
1714        // Two-qubit gates should have lower fidelity
1715        assert!(
1716            compiler.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::CNOT)
1717                < compiler.get_gate_fidelity(NativeGateType::Rx)
1718        );
1719    }
1720
1721    #[test]
1722    fn test_platform_constraints() {
1723        let superconducting_optimizer = SuperconductingOptimizer::new();
1724        let constraints = superconducting_optimizer.get_constraints();
1725
1726        assert!(constraints.max_qubits >= 100); // Should support many qubits
1727        assert!(constraints.timing_constraints.min_gate_separation < Duration::from_micros(1));
1728    }
1729
1730    #[test]
1731    fn test_compilation_performance_tracking() {
1732        let topology = create_test_topology();
1733        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1734
1735        // Simulate some compilation times
1736        compiler.record_compilation_time(Duration::from_millis(10));
1737        compiler.record_compilation_time(Duration::from_millis(15));
1738        compiler.record_compilation_time(Duration::from_millis(12));
1739
1740        let stats = compiler.get_performance_stats();
1741        assert_eq!(stats.total_compilations, 3);
1742        assert!(stats.average_compilation_time > Duration::from_millis(10));
1743        assert!(stats.average_compilation_time < Duration::from_millis(15));
1744    }
1745
1746    #[test]
1747    fn test_cache_functionality() {
1748        let topology = create_test_topology();
1749        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1750
1751        let test_gates = vec![CompiledGate {
1752            gate_type: NativeGateType::Rx,
1753            qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1754            parameters: vec![1.0],
1755            fidelity: 0.999,
1756            duration: Duration::from_nanos(20),
1757            pulse_sequence: None,
1758        }];
1759
1760        // Cache a result
1761        let cache_key = "test_gate_0";
1762        compiler.cache_result(cache_key, &test_gates).unwrap();
1763
1764        // Retrieve from cache
1765        let cached_result = compiler.check_cache(cache_key).unwrap();
1766        assert!(cached_result.is_some());
1767
1768        let cached_gates = cached_result.unwrap();
1769        assert_eq!(cached_gates.len(), 1);
1770        assert_eq!(cached_gates[0].gate_type, NativeGateType::Rx);
1771    }
1772
1773    #[test]
1774    fn test_z_rotation_detection() {
1775        let topology = create_test_topology();
1776        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1777
1778        // Create a Z rotation matrix
1779        let angle = std::f64::consts::PI / 4.0;
1780        let mut z_matrix = Array2::zeros((2, 2));
1781        z_matrix[(0, 0)] = Complex64::from_polar(1.0, -angle / 2.0);
1782        z_matrix[(1, 1)] = Complex64::from_polar(1.0, angle / 2.0);
1783
1784        let dense_z_matrix = DenseMatrix::new(z_matrix).unwrap();
1785        assert!(compiler.is_z_rotation(&dense_z_matrix).unwrap());
1786
1787        let extracted_angle = compiler.extract_z_rotation_angle(&dense_z_matrix).unwrap();
1788        assert!((extracted_angle - angle).abs() < 1e-10);
1789    }
1790
1791    #[test]
1792    fn test_euler_angle_extraction() {
1793        let topology = create_test_topology();
1794        let compiler = HardwareCompiler::for_superconducting(topology).unwrap();
1795
1796        // Create identity matrix
1797        let mut identity = Array2::zeros((2, 2));
1798        identity[(0, 0)] = Complex64::new(1.0, 0.0);
1799        identity[(1, 1)] = Complex64::new(1.0, 0.0);
1800
1801        let dense_identity = DenseMatrix::new(identity).unwrap();
1802        let (theta, phi, lambda) = compiler.extract_euler_angles(&dense_identity).unwrap();
1803
1804        // For identity matrix, theta should be close to 0
1805        assert!(theta.abs() < 1e-10);
1806    }
1807
1808    #[test]
1809    fn test_optimization_metrics_calculation() {
1810        let optimizer = SuperconductingOptimizer::new();
1811
1812        let original_gates = vec![
1813            CompiledGate {
1814                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1815                qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1816                parameters: vec![0.5],
1817                fidelity: 1.0,
1818                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1819                pulse_sequence: None,
1820            },
1821            CompiledGate {
1822                gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1823                qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1824                parameters: vec![0.3],
1825                fidelity: 1.0,
1826                duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1827                pulse_sequence: None,
1828            },
1829        ];
1830
1831        let optimized_gates = vec![CompiledGate {
1832            gate_type: NativeGateType::VirtualZ,
1833            qubits: vec![QubitId::new(0)],
1834            parameters: vec![0.8],
1835            fidelity: 1.0,
1836            duration: Duration::from_nanos(0),
1837            pulse_sequence: None,
1838        }];
1839
1840        let metrics = optimizer.calculate_metrics(&original_gates, &optimized_gates, 1.0);
1841
1842        assert_eq!(metrics.original_gate_count, 2);
1843        assert_eq!(metrics.optimized_gate_count, 1);
1844        assert_eq!(metrics.gate_count_reduction, 50.0); // 50% reduction
1845    }
1846}
quantrs2_core/hardware_compilation.rs

quantrs2_core/
hardware_compilation.rs
