qfall_math/integer_mod_q/poly_over_zq/sample/
binomial.rs

1// Copyright © 2023 Niklas Siemer
2//
3// This file is part of qFALL-math.
4//
5// qFALL-math is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
6// the terms of the Mozilla Public License Version 2.0 as published by the
7// Mozilla Foundation. See <https://mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/>.
8
9//! This module contains algorithms for sampling
10//! according to the binomial distribution.
11
12use crate::{
13    error::MathError,
14    integer::Z,
15    integer_mod_q::{Modulus, PolyOverZq},
16    rational::Q,
17    traits::SetCoefficient,
18    utils::{index::evaluate_index, sample::binomial::BinomialSampler},
19};
20use std::fmt::Display;
21
22impl PolyOverZq {
23    /// Generates a [`PolyOverZq`] instance of maximum degree `max_degree` and
24    /// coefficients chosen according to the binomial distribution
25    /// parameterized by `n` and `p`.
26    ///
27    /// Parameters:
28    /// - `max_degree`: specifies the length of the polynomial,
29    ///   i.e. the number of coefficients
30    /// - `modulus`: specifies the [`Modulus`] of the new [`PolyOverZq`] instance
31    /// - `n`: specifies the number of trials
32    /// - `p`: specifies the probability of success
33    ///
34    /// Returns a fresh [`PolyOverZq`] instance with each value sampled
35    ///     according to the binomial distribution or a [`MathError`]
36    ///     if `n < 0`, `p ∉ (0,1)`, `n` does not fit into an [`i64`],
37    ///     or `max_degree` is negative or does not into an [`i64`].
38    ///
39    /// # Examples
40    /// ```
41    /// use qfall_math::integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq;
42    ///
43    /// let sample = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(2, 7, 2, 0.5).unwrap();
44    /// ```
45    ///
46    /// # Errors and Failures
47    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`InvalidIntegerInput`](MathError::InvalidIntegerInput)
48    ///   if `n < 0`.
49    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`InvalidInterval`](MathError::InvalidInterval)
50    ///   if `p ∉ (0,1)`.
51    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`ConversionError`](MathError::ConversionError)
52    ///   if `n` does not fit into an [`i64`].
53    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`OutOfBounds`](MathError::OutOfBounds) if
54    ///   the `max_degree` is negative or it does not fit into an [`i64`].
55    pub fn sample_binomial(
56        max_degree: impl TryInto<i64> + Display,
57        modulus: impl Into<Modulus>,
58        n: impl Into<Z>,
59        p: impl Into<Q>,
60    ) -> Result<Self, MathError> {
61        Self::sample_binomial_with_offset(max_degree, 0, modulus, n, p)
62    }
63
64    /// Generates a [`PolyOverZq`] instance of maximum degree `max_degree` and
65    /// coefficients chosen according to the binomial distribution
66    /// parameterized by `n` and `p` with given `offset`.
67    ///
68    /// Parameters:
69    /// - `max_degree`: specifies the length of the polynomial,
70    ///   i.e. the number of coefficients
71    /// - `offset`: specifies an offset applied to each sample
72    ///   collected from the binomial distribution
73    /// - `modulus`: specifies the [`Modulus`] of the new [`PolyOverZq`] instance
74    /// - `n`: specifies the number of trials
75    /// - `p`: specifies the probability of success
76    ///
77    /// Returns a fresh [`PolyOverZq`] instance with each value sampled
78    /// according to the binomial distribution or a [`MathError`]
79    /// if `n < 0`, `p ∉ (0,1)`, `n` does not fit into an [`i64`],
80    /// or `max_degree` is negative or does not into an [`i64`].
81    ///
82    /// # Examples
83    /// ```
84    /// use qfall_math::integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq;
85    ///
86    /// let sample = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(2, -1, 7, 2, 0.5).unwrap();
87    /// ```
88    ///
89    /// # Errors and Failures
90    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`InvalidIntegerInput`](MathError::InvalidIntegerInput)
91    ///   if `n < 0`.
92    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`InvalidInterval`](MathError::InvalidInterval)
93    ///   if `p ∉ (0,1)`.
94    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`ConversionError`](MathError::ConversionError)
95    ///   if `n` does not fit into an [`i64`].
96    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`OutOfBounds`](MathError::OutOfBounds) if
97    ///   the `max_degree` is negative or it does not fit into an [`i64`].
98    ///
99    /// # Panics ...
100    /// - if `modulus` is smaller than `2`.
101    pub fn sample_binomial_with_offset(
102        max_degree: impl TryInto<i64> + Display,
103        offset: impl Into<Z>,
104        modulus: impl Into<Modulus>,
105        n: impl Into<Z>,
106        p: impl Into<Q>,
107    ) -> Result<Self, MathError> {
108        let max_degree = evaluate_index(max_degree)?;
109        let offset: Z = offset.into();
110        let modulus: Modulus = modulus.into();
111        let mut bin_sampler = BinomialSampler::init(n, p)?;
112
113        let mut poly_z = PolyOverZq::from(&modulus);
114
115        for index in 0..=max_degree {
116            let mut sample = bin_sampler.sample();
117            sample += &offset;
118            unsafe { poly_z.set_coeff_unchecked(index, sample) };
119        }
120
121        Ok(poly_z)
122    }
123}
124
125#[cfg(test)]
126mod test_sample_binomial {
127    use super::{PolyOverZq, Q, Z};
128    use crate::traits::GetCoefficient;
129
130    // As all major tests regarding an appropriate binomial distribution,
131    // whether the correct interval is kept, and if the errors are thrown correctly,
132    // are performed in the `utils` module, we omit these tests here.
133
134    /// Checks whether the boundaries of the interval are kept.
135    #[test]
136    fn boundaries_kept() {
137        for _ in 0..8 {
138            let poly = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(0, 7, 2, 0.5).unwrap();
139            let sample: Z = poly.get_coeff(0).unwrap();
140            assert!(Z::ZERO <= sample || sample <= 2);
141        }
142    }
143
144    /// Checks whether the number of coefficients is correct.
145    #[test]
146    fn nr_coeffs() {
147        let degrees = [1, 3, 7, 15, 32, 120];
148        for degree in degrees {
149            let res = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(degree, u64::MAX, 256, 0.99999).unwrap();
150
151            assert_eq!(
152                degree,
153                res.get_degree(),
154                "This test can fail with probability close to 0."
155            );
156        }
157    }
158
159    /// Checks whether providing a length smaller than `0` results in an error.
160    #[test]
161    fn invalid_max_degree() {
162        let res_0 = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(-1, 7, 2, 0.5);
163        let res_1 = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(i64::MIN, 7, 2, 0.5);
164
165        assert!(res_0.is_err());
166        assert!(res_1.is_err());
167    }
168
169    /// Checks whether `sample_binomial` is available for all types
170    /// implementing [`Into<Z>`], i.e. u8, u16, u32, u64, i8, ...
171    /// and [`Into<Q>`], i.e. u8, u16, i8, i16, f32, f64, ...
172    #[test]
173    fn availability() {
174        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7u8, 1u16, 7u8);
175        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7u16, 1u32, 7u16);
176        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7u32, 1u64, 7u32);
177        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7u64, 1i8, 7u64);
178        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7i8, 1i16, 7i8);
179        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7i16, 1i32, 7i16);
180        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7i32, 1i64, 7i32);
181        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7i64, Z::ONE, 7i64);
182        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7, 1u8, 0.5f32);
183        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7, 1u8, 0.5f64);
184        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial(1, 7, 1, Q::from((1, 2)));
185    }
186}
187
188#[cfg(test)]
189mod test_sample_binomial_with_offset {
190    use super::{PolyOverZq, Q, Z};
191    use crate::traits::GetCoefficient;
192
193    // As all major tests regarding an appropriate binomial distribution,
194    // whether the correct interval is kept, and if the errors are thrown correctly,
195    // are performed in the `utils` module, we omit these tests here.
196
197    /// Checks whether the boundaries of the interval are kept.
198    #[test]
199    fn boundaries_kept() {
200        for _ in 0..8 {
201            let poly = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(0, -1, 7, 2, 0.5).unwrap();
202            let sample: Z = poly.get_coeff(0).unwrap();
203            assert!(Z::MINUS_ONE <= sample || sample <= Z::ONE);
204        }
205    }
206
207    /// Checks whether the number of coefficients is correct.
208    #[test]
209    fn nr_coeffs() {
210        let degrees = [1, 3, 7, 15, 32, 120];
211        for degree in degrees {
212            let res = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(degree, 1, 7, 2, 0.5).unwrap();
213
214            assert_eq!(degree, res.get_degree());
215        }
216    }
217
218    /// Checks whether providing a length smaller than `0` results in an error.
219    #[test]
220    fn invalid_max_degree() {
221        let res_0 = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(-1, -1, 7, 2, 0.5);
222        let res_1 = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(i64::MIN, -1, 7, 2, 0.5);
223
224        assert!(res_0.is_err());
225        assert!(res_1.is_err());
226    }
227
228    /// Checks whether `sample_binomial_with_offset` is available for all types
229    /// implementing [`Into<Z>`], i.e. u8, u16, u32, u64, i8, ...
230    /// and [`Into<Q>`], i.e. u8, u16, i8, i16, f32, f64, ...
231    #[test]
232    fn availability() {
233        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7u8, 1u16, 7u8);
234        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7u16, 1u32, 7u16);
235        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7u32, 1u64, 7u32);
236        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7u64, 1i8, 7u64);
237        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7i8, 1i16, 7i8);
238        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7i16, 1i32, 7i16);
239        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7i32, 1i64, 7i32);
240        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7i64, Z::ONE, 7i64);
241        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7, 1u8, 0.5f32);
242        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7, 1u8, 0.5f64);
243        let _ = PolyOverZq::sample_binomial_with_offset(1, 0, 7, 1, Q::from((1, 2)));
244    }
245}