Crate protobuf_codegen

source · [−]
Expand description

Protobuf code generator for protobuf crate

This crate is useful mostly from build.rs scripts to generate .rs files during the build.

How to generate code

There are three main ways to generate .rs files from .proto files:

  • using protoc command line tool and protoc-gen-rust plugin
  • using this crate Codegen with pure rust parser
  • using this crate Codegen with protoc parser

Which one should you use depends on your needs.

If you are using non-cargo build system (like Bazel), you might prefer using protoc-gen-rust plugin for protoc.

If you build with cargo, you probably want to use Codegen from this crate.

Protoc parser vs pure rust parser

There are two protobuf parsers which can be plugged into this crate:

  • protoc-based parser (protoc is a command like utility from Google protobuf)
  • pure rust parser (protobuf-parse crate)

protoc-based parser is expected to parse .proto files very correctly: all Google’s protobuf implementations rely on it.

Where there are no known bugs in protobuf-parse, it is not tested very well. Also protobuf-parse does not implement certain rarely used features of .proto parser, mostly complex message options specified in .proto files. I never saw anyone using them, but you have been warned.

Note protoc command can be obtained from protoc-bin-vendored crate.

Version 3

Note this is documentation for protobuf-codegen version 3 (which is currently in development).

In version 3 this crate encapsulates both protoc-based codegen and pure rust codegen.

In version 2 protobuf-codegen contains protoc-based codegen, and protobuf-codegen-pure is pure rust codegen.

Example

// Use this in build.rs
protobuf_codegen::Codegen::new()
    .includes(&["src/protos"])
    // Inputs must reside in some of include paths.
    .input("src/protos/apple.proto")
    .input("src/protos/banana.proto")
    .out_dir("src/protos")
    .run_from_script();

How to use protoc-gen-rust

If you have to.

(Note protoc can be invoked programmatically with protoc crate)

  1. Install protobuf for protoc binary.

On OS X Homebrew can be used:

brew install protobuf

On Ubuntu, protobuf-compiler package can be installed:

apt-get install protobuf-compiler

Protobuf is needed only for code generation, rust-protobuf runtime does not use C++ protobuf library.

  1. Install protoc-gen-rust program (which is protoc plugin)

It can be installed either from source or with cargo install protobuf-codegen command.

  1. Add protoc-gen-rust to $PATH

If you installed it with cargo, it should be

PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
  1. Generate .rs files:
protoc --rust_out . foo.proto

This will generate .rs files in current directory.

Customize generate code

Sometimes generated code need to be adjusted, e. g. to have custom derives.

rust-protobuf provides two options to do that:

  • generated .rs files contain @@protoc_insertion_point(...) markers (similar markers inserts Google’s protobuf generator for C++ or Java). Simple script sed one-liners can be used to replace these markers with custom annotations.
  • Codegen::customize_callback can be used to patch generated code when invoked from build.rs script.

Serde

rust-protobuf since version 3 no longer directly supports serde.

Rust-protobuf 3 fully supports:

  • runtime reflection
  • JSON parsing and printing

Which covers the most of serde use cases.

If you still need serde, generic customization callback (see above) can be used to insert #[serde(...)] annotations.

Example project in the rust-protobuf repository demonstrates how to do it.

Structs

Codegen

Entry point for .proto to .rs code generation.

Customize

Specifies style of generated code. Generated files can be customized using this proto or using rustproto.proto options.

Traits

CustomizeCallback

Dynamic callback to customize code generation.