Module population 

Population dynamics models.

Functions

allee_growth

Allee effect: population growth rate decreases at low densities.

beverton_holt

Beverton-Holt discrete recruitment model.

competition_step

Lotka-Volterra competition between two species. Returns (new_pop1, new_pop2).

logistic_growth

Logistic growth: dN/dt = rN(1 - N/K).

lotka_volterra_step

Lotka-Volterra predator-prey step. Returns (new_prey, new_predator).

ricker

Ricker model (discrete, density-dependent, can produce chaos).