Expand description
Superdense coding.
Superdense coding is the dual of teleportation: it transmits two classical
bits by sending a single qubit, given a pre-shared Bell pair. Alice
encodes the two-bit message (b0, b1) into her half of the pair using one of
four Pauli operations, sends that one qubit to Bob, and Bob recovers both bits
by a Bell-basis measurement on the (now reunited) two qubits.
Qubit layout (little-endian, two qubits):
- qubit 0 — Alice’s half of the Bell pair (the qubit she physically sends).
- qubit 1 — Bob’s half of the Bell pair.
Protocol:
- Share the Bell pair
|Φ⁺⟩ = (|00⟩ + |11⟩)/√2viaH₀ · CNOT₀→₁. - Alice’s encoding on qubit 0, indexed by
(b0, b1):(0,0) → I,(0,1) → X,(1,0) → Z,(1,1) → ZX(i.e.iYup to phase), mapping|Φ⁺⟩onto the four orthogonal Bell states. - Bob decodes with the inverse Bell circuit
CNOT₀→₁ · H₀, then reads the two computational-basis bits, recovering(b0, b1)deterministically.
Structs§
- Superdense
Result - Outcome of
superdense_decode.
Functions§
- superdense_
decode - Run the full superdense-coding round-trip for the message
(b0, b1).