Trait otter_api_tests::shapelib::Error 1.0.0[−][src]
pub trait Error: Debug + Display { pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> { ... } pub fn backtrace(&self) -> Option<&Backtrace> { ... } pub fn description(&self) -> &str { ... } pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error> { ... } }
Error
is a trait representing the basic expectations for error values,
i.e., values of type E
in Result<T, E>
.
Errors must describe themselves through the Display
and Debug
traits. Error messages are typically concise lowercase sentences without
trailing punctuation:
let err = "NaN".parse::<u32>().unwrap_err(); assert_eq!(err.to_string(), "invalid digit found in string");
Errors may provide cause chain information. Error::source()
is generally
used when errors cross “abstraction boundaries”. If one module must report
an error that is caused by an error from a lower-level module, it can allow
accessing that error via Error::source()
. This makes it possible for the
high-level module to provide its own errors while also revealing some of the
implementation for debugging via source
chains.
Provided methods
pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
1.30.0[src]
The lower-level source of this error, if any.
Examples
use std::error::Error; use std::fmt; #[derive(Debug)] struct SuperError { side: SuperErrorSideKick, } impl fmt::Display for SuperError { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "SuperError is here!") } } impl Error for SuperError { fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> { Some(&self.side) } } #[derive(Debug)] struct SuperErrorSideKick; impl fmt::Display for SuperErrorSideKick { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "SuperErrorSideKick is here!") } } impl Error for SuperErrorSideKick {} fn get_super_error() -> Result<(), SuperError> { Err(SuperError { side: SuperErrorSideKick }) } fn main() { match get_super_error() { Err(e) => { println!("Error: {}", e); println!("Caused by: {}", e.source().unwrap()); } _ => println!("No error"), } }
pub fn backtrace(&self) -> Option<&Backtrace>
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backtrace
)Returns a stack backtrace, if available, of where this error occurred.
This function allows inspecting the location, in code, of where an error
happened. The returned Backtrace
contains information about the stack
trace of the OS thread of execution of where the error originated from.
Note that not all errors contain a Backtrace
. Also note that a
Backtrace
may actually be empty. For more information consult the
Backtrace
type itself.
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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use the Display impl or to_string()
if let Err(e) = "xc".parse::<u32>() { // Print `e` itself, no need for description(). eprintln!("Error: {}", e); }
pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
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replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting
Implementations
impl dyn Error + 'static
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pub fn is<T>(&self) -> bool where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Returns true
if the boxed type is the same as T
pub fn downcast_ref<T>(&self) -> Option<&T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Returns some reference to the boxed value if it is of type T
, or
None
if it isn’t.
pub fn downcast_mut<T>(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Returns some mutable reference to the boxed value if it is of type T
, or
None
if it isn’t.
impl dyn Error + 'static + Send
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pub fn is<T>(&self) -> bool where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
pub fn downcast_ref<T>(&self) -> Option<&T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
pub fn downcast_mut<T>(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
impl dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send
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pub fn is<T>(&self) -> bool where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
pub fn downcast_ref<T>(&self) -> Option<&T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
pub fn downcast_mut<T>(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
T: 'static + Error,
Forwards to the method defined on the type dyn Error
.
impl dyn Error + 'static
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pub fn downcast<T>(
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
Attempts to downcast the box to a concrete type.
pub fn chain(&self) -> Chain<'_>ⓘ
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error_iter
)Returns an iterator starting with the current error and continuing with
recursively calling Error::source
.
If you want to omit the current error and only use its sources,
use skip(1)
.
Examples
#![feature(error_iter)] use std::error::Error; use std::fmt; #[derive(Debug)] struct A; #[derive(Debug)] struct B(Option<Box<dyn Error + 'static>>); impl fmt::Display for A { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "A") } } impl fmt::Display for B { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "B") } } impl Error for A {} impl Error for B { fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> { self.0.as_ref().map(|e| e.as_ref()) } } let b = B(Some(Box::new(A))); // let err : Box<Error> = b.into(); // or let err = &b as &(dyn Error); let mut iter = err.chain(); assert_eq!("B".to_string(), iter.next().unwrap().to_string()); assert_eq!("A".to_string(), iter.next().unwrap().to_string()); assert!(iter.next().is_none()); assert!(iter.next().is_none());
impl dyn Error + 'static + Send
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pub fn downcast<T>(
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static + Send, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static + Send, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static + Send, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static + Send, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
Attempts to downcast the box to a concrete type.
impl dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send
[src]
pub fn downcast<T>(
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
1.3.0[src]
self: Box<dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send, Global>
) -> Result<Box<T, Global>, Box<dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send, Global>> where
T: 'static + Error,
Attempts to downcast the box to a concrete type.
Trait Implementations
impl AsRef<dyn Error + 'static + Sync + Send> for Error
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impl AsRef<dyn Error + 'static> for Error
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Implementations on Foreign Types
impl Error for IntoStringError
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impl Error for NulError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<'a, T> Error for &'a T where
T: Error + ?Sized,
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T: Error + ?Sized,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
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pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
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pub fn backtrace(&self) -> Option<&Backtrace>
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impl<T> Error for Box<T, Global> where
T: Error,
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T: Error,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
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pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
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impl Error for TryReserveError
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impl Error for FromBytesWithNulError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<T> Error for PoisonError<T>
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for FromVecWithNulError
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impl Error for !
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impl Error for AddrParseError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for FromUtf8Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for FromUtf16Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for StripPrefixError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<T> Error for TryLockError<T>
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for OutOfRangeError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for CaseFoldError
impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for UnicodeWordError
impl Error for Error
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for ParseColorError
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
impl<T> Error for SendError<T> where
T: Any,
T: Any,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl<T> Error for TrySendError<T> where
T: Any,
T: Any,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
impl<'a> Error for DecodeStringError<'a>
impl Error for ValueWriteError
impl Error for ValueReadError
impl Error for NumValueReadError
impl Error for ReadError
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impl Error for WeightedError
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impl Error for BernoulliError
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for ParseError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseError
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impl Error for Errors
impl Error for Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for GlobError
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impl Error for PatternError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<'i, R> Error for Error<R> where
R: RuleType,
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R: RuleType,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for Error
impl Error for Error
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impl Error for Error
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impl Error for ParseError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for PathPersistError
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impl Error for PersistError
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impl Error for Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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Implementors
impl Error for AccountsSaveError
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impl Error for ApiPieceOpError
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impl Error for InternalError
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impl Error for InvalidScopedName
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impl Error for MgmtChannelReadError
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impl Error for OnlineError
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impl Error for PieceOpError
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impl Error for PieceOpErrorPartiallyProcessed
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impl Error for SVGProcessingError
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impl Error for SpecError
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impl Error for VarError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for FlexiLoggerError
impl Error for RoundingError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::nix::Error
impl Error for Errno
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::regex::Error
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::rmp_serde::decode::Error
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::rmp_serde::encode::Error
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::toml::ser::Error
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impl Error for RecvTimeoutError
1.15.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for TryRecvError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for LogicError
impl Error for Infallible
1.8.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for LibraryLoadError
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impl Error for MgmtError
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impl Error for Void
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
impl Error for otter_api_tests::shapelib::toml_de::Error
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impl Error for AuthorisationError
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impl Error for JoinPathsError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::fmt::Error
1.11.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for PosCFromIteratorError
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::chrono::ParseError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for AllocError
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impl Error for LayoutError
1.28.0[src]
impl Error for TryFromSliceError
1.34.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for BorrowError
1.13.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for BorrowMutError
1.13.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for CharTryFromError
1.34.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for DecodeUtf16Error
1.9.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseCharError
1.20.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseFloatError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseIntError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::glob::GlobError
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::glob::PatternError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for ParseLevelError
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impl Error for SetLoggerError
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impl Error for FloatIsNan
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::otter_base::imports::serde::de::value::Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::imports::toml::de::Error
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impl Error for DatetimeParseError
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::io::Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
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pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
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impl Error for RecvError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for otter_api_tests::serde_json::Error
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impl Error for ParseBoolError
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for Utf8Error
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pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for AccountNotFound
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impl Error for ExitStatusError
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impl Error for FooParseError
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impl Error for GameBeingDestroyed
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impl Error for InternalLogicError
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impl Error for PlayerNotFound
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impl Error for TokenDeliveryError
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impl Error for UnsupportedColourSpec
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impl Error for AccessError
1.26.0[src]
impl Error for SystemTimeError
1.8.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl Error for Overflow
impl Error for otter_api_tests::zcoord::ParseError
impl Error for RangeBackwards
impl Error for TotallyUnboundedRange
impl Error for CoordinateOverflow
impl Error for TryFromIntError
1.34.0[src]
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<'a, K, V> Error for otter_api_tests::btree_map::OccupiedError<'a, K, V> where
K: Debug + Ord,
V: Debug,
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K: Debug + Ord,
V: Debug,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<'a, K, V> Error for otter_api_tests::hash_map::OccupiedError<'a, K, V> where
K: Debug,
V: Debug,
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K: Debug,
V: Debug,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<E> Error for ParseNotNanError<E> where
E: 'static + Debug + Error,
E: 'static + Debug + Error,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
impl<E> Error for Compat<E> where
E: Display + Debug,
E: Display + Debug,
pub fn description(&self) -> &'static str
impl<I> Error for ExactlyOneError<I> where
I: Iterator + Debug,
<I as Iterator>::Item: Debug,
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I: Iterator + Debug,
<I as Iterator>::Item: Debug,
impl<L, R> Error for Either<L, R> where
L: Error,
R: Error,
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L: Error,
R: Error,
Either
implements Error
if both L
and R
implement it.
impl<POEPU> Error for ErrorSignaledViaUpdate<POEPU> where
POEPU: Debug,
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POEPU: Debug,
impl<T> Error for otter_api_tests::mpsc::TrySendError<T> where
T: Send,
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T: Send,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<T> Error for CapacityError<T> where
T: Any,
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T: Any,
Requires features="std"
.
impl<T> Error for otter_api_tests::mpsc::SendError<T> where
T: Send,
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T: Send,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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impl<T> Error for Arc<T> where
T: Error + ?Sized,
1.52.0[src]
T: Error + ?Sized,
pub fn description(&self) -> &str
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pub fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>
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pub fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>
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pub fn backtrace(&self) -> Option<&Backtrace>
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impl<W> Error for IntoInnerError<W> where
W: Send + Debug,
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W: Send + Debug,