orch/github/

http.rs

//! Native `reqwest` HTTP client for the GitHub API — replaces `gh` CLI subprocesses.
//!
//! Uses a shared `reqwest::Client` with connection pooling, reads rate-limit
//! headers proactively, and supports concurrent requests via `tokio::join!`.
//!
//! Auth: uses the centralized [`TokenResolver`] which supports:
//! - `GH_TOKEN` / `GITHUB_TOKEN` environment variables
//! - `gh.auth.token` config value
//! - `gh auth token` CLI fallback (default — just run `gh auth login`)
//! - GitHub App JWT generation (with app_id + private_key configuration)

use super::token;
use super::types::{
    GitHubAnnotation, GitHubCheckRun, GitHubComment, GitHubIssue, GitHubPullRequest, GitHubReview,
    GitHubReviewComment,
};
use crate::engine::cooldown as engine_cooldown;
use anyhow::Context;
use reqwest::{header, Client, Response, StatusCode};
use serde::Serialize;
use std::sync::{
    atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering},
    Arc, Mutex, OnceLock,
};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use urlencoding;

#[cfg(not(test))]
const GITHUB_API: &str = "https://api.github.com";
// Tests that reach a real GhHttp must fail fast here, never send the operator's token to GitHub
#[cfg(test)]
const GITHUB_API: &str = "http://127.0.0.1:9";

#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize)]
struct BlockedByPayload {
    #[serde(default)]
    id: i64,
    number: i64,
    #[serde(default)]
    state: String,
    #[serde(default)]
    state_reason: Option<String>,
    #[serde(default)]
    repository: Option<BlockedByRepoPayload>,
}

#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize)]
struct BlockedByRepoPayload {
    full_name: String,
}

fn parse_positive_issue_number(number: &str) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
    let parsed = number
        .parse::<i64>()
        .with_context(|| format!("invalid issue number: {number}"))?;
    if parsed <= 0 {
        anyhow::bail!("invalid issue number: {number}");
    }
    Ok(parsed)
}

// ── Rate-limit state ─────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Proactive rate-limit state derived from `X-RateLimit-*` response headers.
struct RateLimit {
    /// Remaining requests in the current window.
    remaining: Option<u32>,
    /// UTC epoch second when the window resets.
    reset_at: Option<u64>,
    /// Hard backoff after a 403/429 (fallback when reset time is absent).
    backoff_until: Option<Instant>,
    backoff_delay: Duration,
    backoff_base: Duration,
    backoff_max: Duration,
    /// Stop making calls when remaining drops below this threshold (default 200). The
    /// reserve is for the dispatched agents, which run `gh` against the same token.
    throttle_threshold: u32,
}

impl RateLimit {
    fn new() -> Self {
        let base = crate::config::get("gh.backoff.base_seconds")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(30);
        let max = crate::config::get("gh.backoff.max_seconds")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(900);
        let threshold = crate::config::get("gh.rate_limit.throttle_threshold")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(200);

        Self {
            remaining: None,
            reset_at: None,
            backoff_until: None,
            backoff_delay: Duration::ZERO,
            backoff_base: Duration::from_secs(base),
            backoff_max: Duration::from_secs(max),
            throttle_threshold: threshold,
        }
    }

    /// Update state from response headers.
    fn update_from_headers(&mut self, headers: &header::HeaderMap) {
        if let Some(v) = headers.get("x-ratelimit-remaining") {
            self.remaining = v.to_str().ok().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok());
        }
        if let Some(v) = headers.get("x-ratelimit-reset") {
            self.reset_at = v.to_str().ok().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok());
        }
    }

    /// Record a successful call — reset hard backoff.
    fn record_success(&mut self) {
        if self.backoff_delay > Duration::ZERO {
            tracing::info!("GitHub backoff cleared after successful API call");
        }
        self.backoff_delay = Duration::ZERO;
        self.backoff_until = None;
    }

    /// Record a 403/429 — use reset_at timestamp if available, else exponential backoff.
    fn record_rate_limit(&mut self) {
        METRIC_RATE_LIMIT_HITS.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);

        // Prefer reset_at when available — avoids over-waiting with exponential backoff
        if let Some(reset_epoch) = self.reset_at {
            match std::time::SystemTime::now().duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH) {
                Ok(since_epoch) => {
                    let now_epoch = since_epoch.as_secs();
                    if reset_epoch > now_epoch {
                        let wait_secs = reset_epoch - now_epoch + 1;
                        self.backoff_delay = Duration::from_secs(wait_secs);
                        self.backoff_until = Some(Instant::now() + self.backoff_delay);
                        tracing::warn!(
                            wait_secs,
                            "GitHub rate limit hit, waiting until reset time"
                        );
                        return;
                    }
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    tracing::error!(
                        error = %e,
                        "System clock is before UNIX epoch; ignoring reset_at and falling back to exponential backoff"
                    );
                }
            }
        }

        // Fall back to exponential backoff when reset time is unknown
        self.backoff_delay = if self.backoff_delay.is_zero() {
            self.backoff_base
        } else {
            (self.backoff_delay * 2).min(self.backoff_max)
        };
        self.backoff_until = Some(Instant::now() + self.backoff_delay);
        tracing::warn!(
            delay_secs = self.backoff_delay.as_secs(),
            "GitHub rate limit hit, backing off (no reset header)"
        );
    }

    /// Returns remaining hard-backoff duration (post-403/429), or None.
    fn backoff_remaining(&self) -> Option<Duration> {
        if let Some(until) = self.backoff_until {
            let now = Instant::now();
            if now < until {
                return Some(until - now);
            }
        }
        None
    }

    /// Returns how long until the window resets when the quota is under the reserve.
    ///
    /// Returns Some only when:
    /// - not already in hard backoff,
    /// - `remaining` is known and below `throttle_threshold`, and
    /// - `reset_at` is known and in the future.
    fn proactive_wait_duration(&self) -> Option<Duration> {
        // Don't double-throttle when already in hard backoff
        if self.backoff_remaining().is_some() {
            return None;
        }
        if let Some(remaining) = self.remaining {
            if remaining < self.throttle_threshold {
                if let Some(reset_epoch) = self.reset_at {
                    let now_epoch = std::time::SystemTime::now()
                        .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
                        .unwrap_or_default()
                        .as_secs();
                    if now_epoch < reset_epoch {
                        return Some(Duration::from_secs(reset_epoch - now_epoch + 1));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        None
    }

    /// Combined check: backoff or proactive throttle. Used by engine's is_rate_limited().
    fn is_active(&self) -> Option<Duration> {
        self.backoff_remaining()
            .or_else(|| self.proactive_wait_duration())
    }
}

// ── Global state ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────

static REST_RATE_LIMIT: std::sync::LazyLock<Mutex<RateLimit>> =
    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(RateLimit::new()));

/// Separate rate-limit tracker for the GraphQL endpoint (distinct quota from REST).
static GRAPHQL_RATE_LIMIT: std::sync::LazyLock<Mutex<RateLimit>> =
    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(RateLimit::new()));

// ── Rate-limit metrics ────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Total 403/429 rate-limit responses received (REST + GraphQL).
static METRIC_RATE_LIMIT_HITS: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
/// Calls skipped because the quota was under the reserve threshold or a backoff was active.
static METRIC_PROACTIVE_THROTTLES: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
/// Total 5xx server error responses received (REST + GraphQL).
static METRIC_5XX_HITS: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);

// ── Rate-limit generic helpers ────────────────────────────────────────

/**
 * Fail fast when the limiter is in hard backoff (post-403/429) or the remaining quota is
 * under the reserve threshold. This must never sleep: the engine runs every tick phase
 * through these calls, so waiting out a reset here froze the whole tick loop for up to an
 * hour and tripped the watchdog. Returning an error lets the phase give up and the tick
 * finish, and the next tick retries once the window resets
 **/
fn check_rate_limit_backoff(cell: &Mutex<RateLimit>, api: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let Some(remaining) = cell.lock().ok().and_then(|rl| rl.is_active()) else {
        return Ok(());
    };
    METRIC_PROACTIVE_THROTTLES.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
    anyhow::bail!(
        "GitHub {} API rate-limited, skipping call for {}s",
        api,
        remaining.as_secs()
    );
}

/// API calls since the last drain, keyed by (project, call type), for the per-tick debug report.
static CALL_COUNTS: std::sync::LazyLock<Mutex<std::collections::HashMap<(String, String), u64>>> =
    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()));

/// Project is `owner/repo` from a `/repos/` URL and call type is the path segment after it
/// (`pulls`, `issues`, `check-runs`), so non-repo endpoints land under `-`.
fn count_api_call(url: &str) {
    let path = url.split('?').next().unwrap_or(url);
    let key = match path.split_once("/repos/") {
        Some((_, rest)) => {
            let mut parts = rest.split('/');
            let project = format!(
                "{}/{}",
                parts.next().unwrap_or(""),
                parts.next().unwrap_or("")
            );
            (project, parts.next().unwrap_or("repo").to_string())
        }
        None if path.ends_with("/graphql") => ("-".to_string(), "graphql".to_string()),
        None => ("-".to_string(), "other".to_string()),
    };
    if let Ok(mut counts) = CALL_COUNTS.lock() {
        *counts.entry(key).or_insert(0) += 1;
    }
}

/// Take the call counts accumulated since the last drain, largest first.
pub fn drain_call_counts() -> Vec<(String, String, u64)> {
    let mut rows: Vec<_> = CALL_COUNTS
        .lock()
        .map(|mut c| c.drain().map(|((p, k), n)| (p, k, n)).collect())
        .unwrap_or_default();
    rows.sort_by_key(|r| std::cmp::Reverse(r.2));
    rows
}

// ── Conditional-request cache ─────────────────────────────────────────

/// A stored 200 response, replayed when GitHub answers the next conditional GET with 304.
struct CachedPage {
    etag: String,
    body: String,
    /// `Link: rel="next"` from the cached response; a 304 does not repeat it.
    next: Option<String>,
}

/**
 * Keyed by the full request URL plus the decoded type, since the body is replayed through
 * `serde_json` and two call sites can share a URL while wanting different shapes. GitHub
 * answers a conditional GET with 304 and no body when nothing changed, and that response
 * does not count against the core quota, so the listing endpoints orch polls every tick
 * cost one request per hour of quiet instead of one per tick
 **/
static PAGE_CACHE: std::sync::LazyLock<Mutex<std::collections::HashMap<String, CachedPage>>> =
    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(std::collections::HashMap::new()));

/// Distinct cacheable list URLs are few (per repo, per query), so the cap only guards a
/// leak. Each entry holds a full page body, so keep it small.
const PAGE_CACHE_MAX: usize = 64;

/// `None` when the request cannot produce a hit, so it is neither sent conditionally nor
/// stored. A `since` filter is computed from the clock on every call, so its key never
/// recurs and caching it would only grow the map with page-sized bodies.
fn page_cache_key<T>(url: &str, query: Option<&[(&str, &str)]>) -> Option<String> {
    let mut key = String::from(std::any::type_name::<T>());
    key.push(' ');
    key.push_str(url);
    if let Some(q) = query {
        for (i, (k, v)) in q.iter().enumerate() {
            key.push(if i == 0 { '?' } else { '&' });
            key.push_str(k);
            key.push('=');
            key.push_str(v);
        }
    }
    if key.contains("since=") {
        return None;
    }
    Some(key)
}

fn page_cache_etag(key: &str) -> Option<String> {
    PAGE_CACHE.lock().ok()?.get(key).map(|c| c.etag.clone())
}

/// Returns the stored body and `next` link for a 304 reply.
fn page_cache_hit(key: &str) -> Option<(String, Option<String>)> {
    let cache = PAGE_CACHE.lock().ok()?;
    let entry = cache.get(key)?;
    Some((entry.body.clone(), entry.next.clone()))
}

fn page_cache_store(key: String, etag: String, body: String, next: Option<String>) {
    let Ok(mut cache) = PAGE_CACHE.lock() else {
        return;
    };
    // ponytail: clears everything at the cap instead of evicting one entry, switch to an
    // LRU if the hit rate ever matters more than the bookkeeping
    if cache.len() >= PAGE_CACHE_MAX && !cache.contains_key(&key) {
        cache.clear();
    }
    cache.insert(key, CachedPage { etag, body, next });
}

/// Check response body for rate-limit signals on 403 responses.
/// Not all 403s are rate limits — some are permission errors.
fn maybe_record_body_rate_limit(cell: &Mutex<RateLimit>, status: StatusCode, body: &str) {
    if status == StatusCode::FORBIDDEN {
        let lower = body.to_lowercase();
        if lower.contains("rate limit")
            || lower.contains("abuse detection")
            || lower.contains("secondary rate")
        {
            if let Ok(mut rl) = cell.lock() {
                rl.record_rate_limit();
            }
        }
    }
}

/// Update rate-limit state from response headers/status and detect 5xx errors.
fn record_response_for_limiter(cell: &Mutex<RateLimit>, resp: &Response) {
    if let Ok(mut rl) = cell.lock() {
        rl.update_from_headers(resp.headers());
        // Only backoff on 429 (always rate limit) — 403 requires body inspection
        // which is handled in maybe_record_body_rate_limit().
        if resp.status() == StatusCode::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS {
            rl.record_rate_limit();
        } else if resp.status().is_success() || resp.status() == StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED {
            rl.record_success();
        }
    }
    // Detect 5xx server errors for the global circuit breaker.
    let status = resp.status();
    if status.is_server_error() {
        METRIC_5XX_HITS.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
        if tokio::runtime::Handle::try_current().is_ok() {
            tokio::spawn(async move {
                crate::engine::cooldown::record_github_5xx().await;
            });
        }
    }
}

// ── Shared token resolver ────────────────────────────────────────────

// ── GhHttp client ────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Native HTTP client for the GitHub API with connection pooling and
/// proactive rate-limit avoidance.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct GhHttp {
    client: Client,
    token_resolver: Arc<token::TokenResolver>,
    cached_username: OnceLock<String>,
}

impl GhHttp {
    /// Create a new client backed by the process-wide shared [`TokenResolver`].
    ///
    /// Token is resolved lazily on first request:
    ///   GH_TOKEN → GITHUB_TOKEN → gh.auth.token config → gh auth token CLI
    /// The result is cached in the shared resolver for the life of the process,
    /// so `gh auth token` is only called once regardless of how many instances
    /// are created.
    pub fn new() -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
        let client = Client::builder()
            .user_agent("orch/0.1 (reqwest)")
            .pool_max_idle_per_host(4)
            .timeout(Duration::from_secs(30))
            .build()
            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("failed to build HTTP client (TLS init): {e}"))?;

        Ok(Self {
            client,
            token_resolver: token::shared(),
            cached_username: OnceLock::new(),
        })
    }

    // ── Rate-limit helpers ────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Check if the REST GitHub API is currently rate-limited (backoff or approaching limit).
    /// Used by the engine to decide whether to skip a tick.
    pub fn is_rate_limited() -> Option<Duration> {
        REST_RATE_LIMIT.lock().ok().and_then(|rl| rl.is_active())
    }

    /// Fail fast if the REST API is in hard backoff (post-403/429).
    fn check_backoff(url: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        count_api_call(url);
        check_rate_limit_backoff(&REST_RATE_LIMIT, "REST")
    }

    /// Fail fast if the GraphQL API is in hard backoff (post-403/429).
    fn check_graphql_backoff(url: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        count_api_call(url);
        check_rate_limit_backoff(&GRAPHQL_RATE_LIMIT, "GraphQL")
    }

    fn record_response(resp: &Response) {
        record_response_for_limiter(&REST_RATE_LIMIT, resp);
    }

    fn record_graphql_response(resp: &Response) {
        record_response_for_limiter(&GRAPHQL_RATE_LIMIT, resp);
    }

    /// Check response body for rate-limit signals on 403 responses (REST).
    fn maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status: StatusCode, body: &str) {
        maybe_record_body_rate_limit(&REST_RATE_LIMIT, status, body);
    }

    /// Check response body for rate-limit signals on 403 responses (GraphQL).
    fn maybe_record_graphql_rate_limit_from_body(status: StatusCode, body: &str) {
        maybe_record_body_rate_limit(&GRAPHQL_RATE_LIMIT, status, body);
    }

    fn record_success() {
        if let Ok(mut rl) = REST_RATE_LIMIT.lock() {
            rl.record_success();
        }
    }

    // ── Low-level HTTP helpers ────────────────────────────────────

    async fn auth_header(&self) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        match self.token_resolver.get_token().await? {
            Some(token) if !token.is_empty() => Ok(format!("Bearer {token}")),
            _ => anyhow::bail!("No GitHub token available — run `gh auth login` or set GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    /// Generic send wrapper that retries on 5xx server errors with exponential
    /// backoff and sets a short-lived circuit-breaker in KV when retries fail.
    async fn send_with_retries<F>(
        &self,
        mut make_req: F,
        is_graphql: bool,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Response>
    where
        F: FnMut() -> anyhow::Result<reqwest::RequestBuilder>,
    {
        // Circuit-breaker: if set, fail fast to avoid wasting work.
        if engine_cooldown::is_agent_in_cooldown("github:5xx") {
            if let Some(until) = engine_cooldown::cooldown_until("github:5xx") {
                let now = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
                let remaining = if until > now { until - now } else { 0 };
                anyhow::bail!(
                    "GitHub API transient 5xx circuit-breaker active for {}s",
                    remaining
                );
            } else {
                anyhow::bail!("GitHub API transient 5xx circuit-breaker active");
            }
        }

        // Configurable retry params (defaults chosen conservatively)
        let attempts = crate::config::get("gh.5xx.retry_attempts")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(3);
        let base_secs = crate::config::get("gh.5xx.base_backoff_seconds")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(1);
        let max_secs = crate::config::get("gh.5xx.max_backoff_seconds")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(30);
        let circuit_cooldown_secs = crate::config::get("gh.5xx.circuit_breaker_cooldown_seconds")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(300);

        let mut last_err: Option<anyhow::Error> = None;
        // A cached token can go bad mid-process (revoked, rotated, stale keychain read).
        // On the first 401 Bad credentials: evict the cache, re-resolve once, resend
        let mut auth_override: Option<String> = None;
        let mut auth_retried = false;
        for attempt in 0..attempts {
            let mut req = make_req()?;
            if let Some(auth) = &auth_override {
                req = req.header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone());
            }
            let resp_result = req.send().await;

            match resp_result {
                Ok(resp) => {
                    // Record rate-limit state depending on REST vs GraphQL
                    if is_graphql {
                        Self::record_graphql_response(&resp);
                    } else {
                        Self::record_response(&resp);
                    }

                    if resp.status() == StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED {
                        let status = resp.status();
                        let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                        if body.contains("Bad credentials") && !auth_retried {
                            tracing::warn!(
                                "GitHub API 401 Bad credentials — clearing cached token and re-resolving"
                            );
                            self.token_resolver.clear_cache().await;
                            match self.auth_header().await {
                                Ok(new_auth) => {
                                    auth_retried = true;
                                    auth_override = Some(new_auth);
                                }
                                Err(e) => {
                                    last_err = Some(
                                        e.context("GitHub token re-resolution failed after 401"),
                                    );
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            // ponytail: consumes one 5xx-retry slot, attempts default is 3
                            continue;
                        }
                        if auth_retried {
                            // Fresh token also rejected; leave the cache empty so the next
                            // call re-resolves and picks up env/config fixes immediately
                            self.token_resolver.clear_cache().await;
                            anyhow::bail!(
                                "GitHub authentication failed ({status}): token re-resolved after cache clear but still rejected"
                            );
                        }
                        anyhow::bail!("GitHub API request failed ({status}): {body}");
                    }

                    // If server error, treat as transient and retry
                    if resp.status().is_server_error() {
                        let status = resp.status();
                        let headers = resp.headers().clone();
                        let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                        let req_id = headers
                            .get("x-github-request-id")
                            .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
                            .unwrap_or("<none>");
                        let snippet: String = body.chars().take(400).collect();
                        tracing::warn!(
                            status = %status,
                            request_id = %req_id,
                            attempt,
                            "GitHub server error (5xx) — attempt {attempt}: {snippet}"
                        );

                        last_err = Some(anyhow::anyhow!(
                            "GitHub API server error ({status}) request_id={}: {}",
                            req_id,
                            snippet
                        ));

                        if attempt + 1 < attempts {
                            // Exponential backoff (2^attempt * base), capped
                            // Cap exponent at 63 (max valid shift for u64) to prevent overflow
                            let exp = 1u64.checked_shl(attempt.min(63)).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
                            let mut backoff = base_secs.saturating_mul(exp);
                            if backoff > max_secs {
                                backoff = max_secs;
                            }
                            // Add small linear jitter to avoid synchronized retries
                            let jitter_ms = attempt as u64 * 100;
                            let sleep_dur = Duration::from_secs(backoff)
                                + Duration::from_millis(jitter_ms.min(1000));
                            tokio::time::sleep(sleep_dur).await;
                            continue;
                        }
                        // Exhausted attempts — set circuit-breaker and break so last_err is read
                        tracing::warn!(
                            "GitHub API 5xx persisted after {} attempts — setting circuit-breaker for {}s",
                            attempts,
                            circuit_cooldown_secs
                        );
                        engine_cooldown::set_agent_cooldown("github:5xx", circuit_cooldown_secs)
                            .await;
                        break;
                    }

                    // Non-5xx response — return it for caller to handle success/failure
                    return Ok(resp);
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    // Transport error — the request never reached GitHub (DNS failure,
                    // connection refused, no route to host, TLS failure, etc). This is a
                    // local/network condition, not evidence that GitHub itself is unhealthy,
                    // so unlike the 5xx arm above it must NOT trip the shared "github:5xx"
                    // circuit breaker: other subsystems (routing-phase skip, cooldown
                    // throttling) key off that breaker as a signal about GitHub's health.
                    tracing::warn!(err = %e, attempt, "HTTP request failed to send (transport error, GitHub not reached), will retry if attempts remain");
                    last_err = Some(anyhow::anyhow!(
                        "HTTP request failed to send (transport error): {}",
                        e
                    ));
                    if attempt + 1 < attempts {
                        // Cap exponent at 63 (max valid shift for u64) to prevent overflow
                        let exp = 1u64.checked_shl(attempt.min(63)).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
                        let backoff = base_secs.saturating_mul(exp);
                        let sleep_dur = Duration::from_secs(backoff)
                            + Duration::from_millis((attempt as u64 * 100).min(1000));
                        tokio::time::sleep(sleep_dur).await;
                        continue;
                    }
                    // Exhausted attempts — break so last_err is read. Deliberately does not
                    // call set_agent_cooldown("github:5xx", ...): GitHub was never reached,
                    // so its health is unknown and the shared breaker must stay untouched.
                    tracing::warn!(
                        "HTTP request failed to send after {} attempts (transport error, GitHub not reached) — not tripping the github:5xx circuit-breaker",
                        attempts
                    );
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        Err(last_err.unwrap_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("unexpected send_with_retries failure")))
    }

    /// GET request, returns deserialized JSON.
    async fn get_json<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(&self, url: &str) -> anyhow::Result<T> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        // Use send_with_retries to handle transient 5xx/network failures
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .get(url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API GET {url} failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        let body = resp.text().await?;
        serde_json::from_str(&body)
            .with_context(|| format!("failed to parse GitHub API response from GET {url}: {body}"))
    }

    /// GET raw bytes (for endpoints that return non-JSON or we parse manually).
    async fn get_bytes(&self, url: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<u8>> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .get(url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API GET {url} failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        Ok(resp.bytes().await?.to_vec())
    }

    /// GET with query params, returns deserialized JSON.
    async fn get_with_query<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        query: &[(&str, &str)],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<T> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .get(url)
                .query(query)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API GET {url} failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        let body = resp.text().await?;
        serde_json::from_str(&body)
            .with_context(|| format!("failed to parse GitHub API response from GET {url}: {body}"))
    }

    /// POST with JSON body, returns raw response text.
    async fn post_json_raw(&self, url: &str, body: &serde_json::Value) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .post(url)
                .json(body)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        let text_res = resp.text().await;
        if !status.is_success() {
            let text = text_res.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &text);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API POST {url} failed ({status}): {text}");
        }
        let text = text_res?;
        Ok(text)
    }

    /// POST with JSON body, returns deserialized JSON.
    async fn post_json<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        body: &serde_json::Value,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<T> {
        let text = self.post_json_raw(url, body).await?;
        Ok(serde_json::from_str(&text)?)
    }

    /// PATCH with JSON body, returns raw response.
    async fn patch_json_raw(&self, url: &str, body: &serde_json::Value) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .patch(url)
                .json(body)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        let text_res = resp.text().await;
        if !status.is_success() {
            let text = text_res.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &text);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API PATCH {url} failed ({status}): {text}");
        }
        let text = text_res?;
        Ok(text)
    }

    /// DELETE request.
    async fn delete(&self, url: &str) -> anyhow::Result<StatusCode> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .delete(url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() && status != StatusCode::NOT_FOUND {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API DELETE {url} failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        Ok(status)
    }

    /// Paginated GET — follows Link: <next> headers, with conditional requests.
    ///
    /// Each page is sent with `If-None-Match` when a prior ETag is known; GitHub's 304
    /// reply is free of quota and the stored body is replayed.
    async fn get_all_pages<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        query: &[(&str, &str)],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<T>> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let mut all: Vec<T> = Vec::new();
        let mut next_url: Option<String> = None;
        let mut is_first = true;
        const MAX_JSON_DECODE_RETRIES: u32 = 2;
        const JSON_DECODE_RETRY_BACKOFF_MS: u64 = 200;

        loop {
            let (request_url, request_query) = if is_first {
                is_first = false;
                (url, Some(query))
            } else {
                let Some(u) = next_url.as_ref() else { break };
                (u.as_str(), None)
            };

            let cache_key = page_cache_key::<T>(request_url, request_query);
            let mut cached_etag = cache_key.as_deref().and_then(page_cache_etag);
            let mut decode_attempt = 0;
            let (page, next) = loop {
                let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
                let mut req = self
                    .client
                    .get(request_url)
                    .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth)
                    .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                    .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28");
                if let Some(q) = request_query {
                    req = req.query(q);
                }
                if let Some(etag) = &cached_etag {
                    req = req.header(header::IF_NONE_MATCH, etag.clone());
                }

                let make_req = || {
                    req.try_clone()
                        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("request clone failed"))
                };
                let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
                let status = resp.status();
                let next_from_headers = parse_link_next(resp.headers());
                let etag = resp
                    .headers()
                    .get(header::ETAG)
                    .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
                    .map(|v| v.to_string());
                let content_type = resp
                    .headers()
                    .get(header::CONTENT_TYPE)
                    .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
                    .map(|v| v.to_string())
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "<missing>".to_string());

                if status == StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED {
                    match cache_key.as_deref().and_then(page_cache_hit) {
                        Some((body, next)) => break (serde_json::from_str::<Vec<T>>(&body)?, next),
                        None => {
                            // The entry is normally there, since If-None-Match is only sent
                            // when it is, but the size cap can clear the map in between.
                            // Dropping the ETag makes the retry unconditional, so the loop
                            // cannot see a second 304
                            cached_etag = None;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if !status.is_success() {
                    let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                    Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
                    anyhow::bail!("GitHub API GET (paginated) failed ({status}): {body}");
                }

                let text = resp.text().await?;
                match serde_json::from_str::<Vec<T>>(&text) {
                    Ok(page) => {
                        if let (Some(key), Some(etag)) = (cache_key.clone(), etag) {
                            page_cache_store(key, etag, text, next_from_headers.clone());
                        }
                        break (page, next_from_headers);
                    }
                    Err(err) => {
                        let snippet: String = text.chars().take(200).collect();
                        let decode_error = anyhow::anyhow!(
                            "GitHub API GET (paginated) JSON decode failed ({status}, content-type={content_type}): {snippet}"
                        )
                        .context(err);
                        if decode_attempt < MAX_JSON_DECODE_RETRIES {
                            decode_attempt += 1;
                            tracing::warn!(
                                attempt = decode_attempt,
                                max_attempts = MAX_JSON_DECODE_RETRIES,
                                status = %status,
                                content_type,
                                err = %decode_error,
                                "json decode failed; retrying paginated GET"
                            );
                            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(
                                JSON_DECODE_RETRY_BACKOFF_MS * u64::from(decode_attempt),
                            ))
                            .await;
                            continue;
                        }
                        return Err(decode_error);
                    }
                }
            };

            next_url = next;
            all.extend(page);

            if next_url.is_none() {
                break;
            }
        }

        Ok(all)
    }

    /// Paginated GET for GitHub endpoints that return a wrapper object instead of a raw
    /// array.  Each page is expected to look like `{ "<array_field>": [...], ... }`.
    /// The function extracts `array_field` from every page and appends the elements
    /// to the accumulated result, following `Link: <next>` headers until exhausted.
    ///
    /// This is necessary for endpoints such as `/commits/{sha}/check-runs` which
    /// return `{ "total_count": N, "check_runs": [...] }` rather than a bare `[...]`
    /// array.  Using `get_all_pages` on those endpoints would fail at the
    /// `serde_json::from_str::<Vec<T>>` step because the body is an object, not an
    /// array.
    async fn get_all_pages_from_wrapper<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        array_field: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<T>> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let mut all: Vec<T> = Vec::new();
        let mut current_url: String = url.to_string();

        loop {
            let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
            let make_req = || {
                self.client
                    .get(&current_url)
                    .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                    .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                    .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28")
                    .try_clone()
                    .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("request clone failed"))
            };
            let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
            let status = resp.status();
            let next = parse_link_next(resp.headers());

            if !status.is_success() {
                let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
                anyhow::bail!(
                    "GitHub API GET (wrapped paginated) {current_url} failed ({status}): {body}"
                );
            }

            let body = resp.text().await?;
            let wrapper: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&body).with_context(|| {
                format!("failed to parse wrapper response from {current_url}: {body}")
            })?;
            let items = wrapper
                .get(array_field)
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .cloned()
                .unwrap_or_default();

            for item in items {
                match serde_json::from_value::<T>(item) {
                    Ok(v) => all.push(v),
                    Err(e) => {
                        tracing::warn!(
                            field = array_field,
                            err = %e,
                            "skipping item that failed to deserialize in wrapped pagination"
                        );
                    }
                }
            }

            match next {
                Some(next_url) => current_url = next_url,
                None => break,
            }
        }

        Ok(all)
    }

    /// POST to the GraphQL endpoint. Uses separate rate-limit tracking from REST.
    async fn graphql_request(
        &self,
        query: &str,
        extra_headers: &[(&str, &str)],
        variables: Option<serde_json::Value>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> {
        self.graphql_request_to_url(
            &format!("{GITHUB_API}/graphql"),
            query,
            extra_headers,
            variables,
        )
        .await
    }

    async fn graphql_request_to_url(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        query: &str,
        extra_headers: &[(&str, &str)],
        variables: Option<serde_json::Value>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> {
        Self::check_graphql_backoff(url)?;
        let body = if let Some(vars) = variables {
            serde_json::json!({ "query": query, "variables": vars })
        } else {
            serde_json::json!({ "query": query })
        };
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let mut req = self
            .client
            .post(url)
            .json(&body)
            .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth)
            .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
            .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28");

        for (k, v) in extra_headers {
            req = req.header(*k, *v);
        }

        // Use send_with_retries wrapper for GraphQL (is_graphql = true)
        let make_req = || {
            req.try_clone()
                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("graphql request clone failed"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, true).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        let text_res = resp.text().await;
        if !status.is_success() {
            let text = text_res.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_graphql_rate_limit_from_body(status, &text);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub GraphQL failed ({status}): {text}");
        }
        let text = text_res?;
        let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&text)?;
        // GraphQL always returns 200 even for errors; check the errors field explicitly.
        if let Some(errors) = json.get("errors").and_then(|e| e.as_array()) {
            if !errors.is_empty() {
                let messages: Vec<&str> = errors
                    .iter()
                    .filter_map(|e| e.get("message").and_then(|m| m.as_str()))
                    .collect();
                if json.get("data").is_none() || json["data"].is_null() {
                    // No data at all — surface the errors as a proper error.
                    anyhow::bail!("GitHub GraphQL errors: {}", messages.join("; "));
                }
                // Partial data alongside errors — log and continue.
                tracing::warn!(errors = ?messages, "GitHub GraphQL returned partial errors");
            }
        }
        Ok(json)
    }

    // ── Public API (mirrors GhCli) ───────────────────────────────

    pub async fn graphql_with_vars(
        &self,
        query: &str,
        variables: serde_json::Value,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> {
        self.graphql_request(query, &[], Some(variables)).await
    }

    pub async fn graphql_with_headers(
        &self,
        query: &str,
        headers: &[&str],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> {
        // Convert "Key:Value" strings to (&str, &str) tuples.
        let pairs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = headers.iter().filter_map(|h| h.split_once(':')).collect();
        self.graphql_request(query, &pairs, None).await
    }

    pub async fn graphql_with_headers_and_vars(
        &self,
        query: &str,
        headers: &[&str],
        variables: serde_json::Value,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> {
        let pairs: Vec<(&str, &str)> = headers.iter().filter_map(|h| h.split_once(':')).collect();
        self.graphql_request(query, &pairs, Some(variables)).await
    }

    /// Verify authentication by fetching the current user.
    ///
    /// Returns detailed error messages for common auth failures to help
    /// users diagnose configuration issues at startup.
    pub async fn auth_status(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        match self
            .get_json::<serde_json::Value>(&format!("{GITHUB_API}/user"))
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => Ok(()),
            Err(e) => {
                let err_str = e.to_string();

                // Provide helpful error messages for common auth failures
                if err_str.contains("401") || err_str.contains("Bad credentials") {
                    anyhow::bail!(
                        "GitHub authentication failed: Invalid or expired token. \
                         Check your GH_TOKEN/GITHUB_TOKEN environment variables, \
                         or gh.auth configuration in ~/.orch/config.yml. \
                         Run `orch auth check` to verify your setup."
                    );
                }

                if err_str.contains("403") && err_str.contains("rate limit") {
                    anyhow::bail!(
                        "GitHub API rate limited. Wait before retrying, \
                         or check your token's rate limit quota."
                    );
                }

                Err(e)
            }
        }
    }

    /// Create a GitHub issue.
    pub async fn create_issue(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        title: &str,
        body: &str,
        labels: &[String],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<GitHubIssue> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({
            "title": title,
            "body": body,
            "labels": labels,
        });
        self.post_json(&url, &payload).await
    }

    /// Replace an issue's title, body and labels.
    ///
    /// Labels replace the full set. Callers pass labels they want to keep
    pub async fn update_issue(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        number: u64,
        title: &str,
        body: &str,
        labels: &[String],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<GitHubIssue> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({
            "title": title,
            "body": body,
            "labels": labels,
        });
        let text = self.patch_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        serde_json::from_str(&text)
            .with_context(|| format!("failed to parse issue update response: {text}"))
    }

    /// List issues that block `issue_number`.
    ///
    /// `GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/issues/{issue_number}/dependencies/blocked_by`.
    /// GA since 2025-08-21, no preview media type. This call sends
    /// `X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2026-03-10` and `Accept: application/vnd.github+json`.
    /// 404 and 403 (except rate limit) are `Unavailable`. Transport errors and
    /// 5xx are `Failed`, so the caller does not drop stored links
    pub async fn list_blocked_by(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        issue_number: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<crate::backends::BlockedByFetch> {
        use crate::backends::{BlockedByFetch, BlockedByIssue};

        let mut next = Some(format!(
            "{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{issue_number}/dependencies/blocked_by?per_page=100"
        ));
        let mut found = Vec::new();
        while let Some(url) = next.take() {
            let resp = match self
                .dependency_request(&url, reqwest::Method::GET, None)
                .await
            {
                Ok(resp) => resp,
                Err(err) => return Ok(BlockedByFetch::Failed(err.to_string())),
            };
            let status = resp.status();
            if status == StatusCode::NOT_FOUND || status == StatusCode::FORBIDDEN {
                let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                if status == StatusCode::FORBIDDEN
                    && body.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("rate limit")
                {
                    Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
                    return Ok(BlockedByFetch::Failed(body));
                }
                return Ok(BlockedByFetch::Unavailable);
            }
            if !status.is_success() {
                let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
                Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
                return Ok(BlockedByFetch::Failed(format!("{status}: {body}")));
            }
            Self::record_success();
            let page_next = parse_link_next(resp.headers());
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            let page: Vec<BlockedByPayload> = match serde_json::from_str(&body) {
                Ok(page) => page,
                Err(err) => {
                    return Ok(BlockedByFetch::Failed(format!(
                        "blocked_by parse failed: {err}"
                    )));
                }
            };
            for item in page {
                if item.number <= 0 {
                    continue;
                }
                let item_repo = item
                    .repository
                    .as_ref()
                    .map(|r| r.full_name.clone())
                    .filter(|name| !name.is_empty())
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| repo.to_string());
                found.push(BlockedByIssue {
                    github_id: item.id,
                    repo: item_repo,
                    number: item.number,
                    state: item.state,
                    state_reason: item.state_reason,
                });
            }
            next = page_next;
        }
        Ok(BlockedByFetch::Native(found))
    }

    /// `POST /repos/{owner}/{repo}/issues/{issue_number}/dependencies/blocked_by`
    /// with `{"issue_id": blocking_issue_id}`. Same API version as `list_blocked_by`.
    /// 201 is success. A body that says the link already exists is also success
    pub async fn add_blocked_by(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        issue_number: u64,
        blocking_issue_id: i64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url =
            format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{issue_number}/dependencies/blocked_by");
        let resp = self
            .dependency_request(
                &url,
                reqwest::Method::POST,
                Some(serde_json::json!({ "issue_id": blocking_issue_id })),
            )
            .await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if status.is_success() {
            Self::record_success();
            return Ok(());
        }
        let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
        if body.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("already") {
            return Ok(());
        }
        Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
        anyhow::bail!("add blocked_by failed ({status}): {body}")
    }

    /// Remove a blocked-by link. `issue_id` in the path is the blocking issue's database id
    pub async fn remove_blocked_by(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        number: u64,
        blocking_issue_id: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!(
            "{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/dependencies/blocked_by/{blocking_issue_id}"
        );
        self.delete(&url).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// GET or POST an issue-dependency URL with API version 2026-03-10
    async fn dependency_request(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        method: reqwest::Method,
        body: Option<serde_json::Value>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Response> {
        Self::check_backoff(url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            let mut req = self
                .client
                .request(method.clone(), url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2026-03-10");
            if let Some(ref payload) = body {
                req = req.json(payload);
            }
            Ok(req)
        };
        self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await
    }

    /// Get a single issue.
    pub async fn get_issue(&self, repo: &str, number: &str) -> anyhow::Result<GitHubIssue> {
        self.get_json(&format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}"))
            .await
    }

    /// Check whether an issue number refers to a pull request.
    pub async fn is_pull_request(&self, repo: &str, number: &str) -> bool {
        self.get_issue(repo, number)
            .await
            .map(|i| i.pull_request.is_some())
            .unwrap_or(false)
    }

    /// List issues filtered by a label (paginated).
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub async fn list_issues(&self, repo: &str, label: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        self.list_issues_with_state(repo, label, "open").await
    }

    /// List issues filtered by a label and issue state (paginated).
    ///
    /// `state` is passed directly to the GitHub API: `"open"`, `"closed"`, or `"all"`.
    pub async fn list_issues_with_state(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        label: &str,
        state: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        // An empty label lists every issue
        let mut query = vec![("state", state), ("per_page", "100")];
        if !label.is_empty() {
            query.push(("labels", label));
        }
        let all: Vec<GitHubIssue> = self.get_all_pages(&url, &query).await?;
        // GitHub /issues API returns PRs too — filter them out
        Ok(all
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|i| i.pull_request.is_none())
            .collect())
    }

    /// List closed issues updated since `since` (ISO 8601), filtered by label.
    ///
    /// Used for dedup checks — prevents re-creating issues that were recently closed.
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub async fn list_issues_closed_since(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        label: &str,
        since: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        let all: Vec<GitHubIssue> = self
            .get_all_pages(
                &url,
                &[
                    ("labels", label),
                    ("state", "closed"),
                    ("since", since),
                    ("per_page", "100"),
                ],
            )
            .await?;
        Ok(all
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|i| i.pull_request.is_none())
            .collect())
    }

    /// List closed issues updated since `since` (ISO 8601), no label filter.
    pub async fn list_closed_issues_since(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        since: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        let all: Vec<GitHubIssue> = self
            .get_all_pages(
                &url,
                &[("state", "closed"), ("since", since), ("per_page", "100")],
            )
            .await?;
        Ok(all
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|i| i.pull_request.is_none())
            .collect())
    }

    /// List all open issues (no label filter, paginated).
    ///
    /// When `since` is `Some(ts)`, only returns issues updated after that ISO 8601 timestamp.
    /// This is more efficient for periodic syncs — GitHub filters server-side.
    pub async fn list_all_open_issues(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        since: Option<&str>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        let params = match since {
            Some(ts) => vec![("state", "open"), ("since", ts), ("per_page", "100")],
            None => vec![("state", "open"), ("per_page", "100")],
        };
        let all: Vec<GitHubIssue> = self.get_all_pages(&url, &params).await?;
        // GitHub /issues API returns PRs too — filter them out
        Ok(all
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|i| i.pull_request.is_none())
            .collect())
    }

    /// List open pull requests (paginated) using the REST pulls endpoint.
    /// Returns raw JSON values for flexibility in callers.
    pub async fn list_open_pulls(&self, repo: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<serde_json::Value>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls");
        let all: Vec<serde_json::Value> = self
            .get_all_pages(&url, &[("state", "open"), ("per_page", "100")])
            .await?;
        Ok(all)
    }

    /// List all issues (open and closed, no label filter, paginated).
    ///
    /// This is more efficient than making separate calls for open and closed.
    pub async fn list_all_issues(&self, repo: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubIssue>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues");
        let all: Vec<GitHubIssue> = self
            .get_all_pages(&url, &[("state", "all"), ("per_page", "100")])
            .await?;
        // GitHub /issues API returns PRs too — filter them out
        Ok(all
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|i| i.pull_request.is_none())
            .collect())
    }

    /// Add labels to an issue.
    pub async fn add_labels(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        number: &str,
        labels: &[String],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/labels");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "labels": labels });
        self.post_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Ensure a label exists on the repo, creating it if needed.
    pub async fn ensure_label(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        name: &str,
        color: &str,
        description: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let encoded = urlencoding::encode(name);
        let get_url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/labels/{encoded}");

        // Check if label exists
        match self.get_bytes(&get_url).await {
            Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
            Err(e) if e.to_string().contains("404") => {
                tracing::debug!(repo, name, "ensure_label: label not found, creating");
            }
            Err(e) => {
                tracing::warn!(repo, name, err = %e, "ensure_label: GET failed, attempting create");
            }
        }

        // Create the label
        let create_url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/labels");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({
            "name": name,
            "color": color,
            "description": description,
        });

        match self.post_json_raw(&create_url, &payload).await {
            Ok(_) => {
                Self::record_success();
            }
            Err(e) => {
                let msg = e.to_string();
                if msg.contains("422")
                    || msg.contains("already_exists")
                    || msg.contains("Unprocessable")
                {
                    tracing::debug!(repo, name, "ensure_label: label already exists (race)");
                    return Ok(());
                }
                // Tolerate creation failures (matches old behavior).
                tracing::warn!(repo, name, err = %msg, "ensure_label: create failed, continuing");
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Remove a label from an issue.
    pub async fn remove_label(&self, repo: &str, number: &str, label: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let encoded = urlencoding::encode(label);
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/labels/{encoded}");
        match self.delete(&url).await {
            Ok(_) => Ok(()),
            Err(e) if e.to_string().contains("404") => {
                tracing::debug!(repo, number, label, "label already removed (404)");
                Ok(())
            }
            Err(e) => Err(e),
        }
    }

    /// Add a comment to an issue.
    pub async fn add_comment(&self, repo: &str, number: &str, body: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/comments");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "body": body });
        self.post_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Post a commit status. `state` is one of pending, success, failure, error.
    pub async fn post_commit_status(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        sha: &str,
        state: &str,
        context: &str,
        description: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/statuses/{sha}");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({
            "state": state,
            "context": context,
            "description": description,
        });
        self.post_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Add a reaction to an issue.
    ///
    /// Supported content values: "+1", "-1", "laugh", "confused", "heart", "hooray", "rocket", "eyes"
    pub async fn add_reaction(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        number: &str,
        content: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/reactions");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "content": content });
        self.post_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Add a reaction to an issue comment.
    ///
    /// Supported content values: "+1", "-1", "laugh", "confused", "heart", "hooray", "rocket", "eyes"
    pub async fn add_comment_reaction(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        comment_id: &str,
        content: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/comments/{comment_id}/reactions");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "content": content });
        self.post_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// List comments on an issue.
    pub async fn list_comments(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        number: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubComment>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}/comments");
        self.get_all_pages(&url, &[("per_page", "100")]).await
    }

    /// Check if a PR with the given branch was merged.
    pub async fn is_pr_merged(&self, repo: &str, branch: &str) -> anyhow::Result<bool> {
        let owner = repo
            .split('/')
            .next()
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;
        let head = format!("{}:{}", owner, branch);

        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls");
        let prs: Vec<serde_json::Value> = self
            .get_with_query(
                &url,
                &[("head", &head), ("state", "closed"), ("per_page", "1")],
            )
            .await?;

        if prs.is_empty() {
            return Ok(false);
        }
        let merged_at = prs[0].get("merged_at");
        Ok(merged_at.map(|v| !v.is_null()).unwrap_or(false))
    }

    /// Get the state of a closed PR for the given branch.
    ///
    /// Returns `Some((merged, state))` if a closed PR exists for the branch,
    /// where `merged` indicates if it was merged and `state` is the PR state ("closed" or "merged").
    /// Returns `None` if no closed PR exists for the branch.
    /// Get the state of a closed PR for a given branch.
    ///
    /// Returns `Some((pr_number, merged, state))` if a closed PR is found that
    /// matches the expected branch. Returns `None` if no matching closed PR is found.
    ///
    /// Validates that the returned PR's head ref matches the expected branch to
    /// prevent incorrect merge decisions when multiple PRs exist for the same branch.
    pub async fn get_closed_pr_state(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        branch: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Option<(u64, bool, String)>> {
        let owner = repo
            .split('/')
            .next()
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;
        let head = format!("{}:{}", owner, branch);

        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls");
        let prs: Vec<serde_json::Value> = self
            .get_with_query(
                &url,
                &[("head", &head), ("state", "closed"), ("per_page", "5")],
            )
            .await?;

        if prs.is_empty() {
            return Ok(None);
        }

        // Find the first PR where head ref actually matches our branch
        // This validates that we're working with the correct PR
        for pr in prs {
            let pr_branch = pr
                .get("head")
                .and_then(|h| h.get("ref"))
                .and_then(|r| r.as_str())
                .unwrap_or("");

            if pr_branch != branch {
                tracing::debug!(
                    repo,
                    branch,
                    pr_branch,
                    "skipping PR with mismatched head ref"
                );
                continue;
            }

            let pr_number = pr
                .get("number")
                .and_then(|n| n.as_u64())
                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("PR missing number field"))?;

            let merged_at = pr.get("merged_at");
            let merged = merged_at.map(|v| !v.is_null()).unwrap_or(false);
            let state = pr
                .get("state")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                .unwrap_or("closed")
                .to_string();

            return Ok(Some((pr_number, merged, state)));
        }

        // No PR with matching head ref found
        Ok(None)
    }

    /// Batch-check whether the PR for each branch was merged via a single GraphQL query.
    ///
    /// Returns a map of branch → merged. Branches with no matching PR are omitted
    /// (callers should treat missing entries as not merged).
    pub async fn batch_is_pr_merged_by_branch(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        branches: &[String],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<std::collections::HashMap<String, bool>> {
        if branches.is_empty() {
            return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
        }

        let (owner, name) = repo
            .split_once('/')
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;

        // Build one alias per branch using positional index to avoid GraphQL
        // alias restrictions on branch names that contain non-identifier chars.
        // Branch names are passed via variables ($b0, $b1, …) to avoid injection.
        let mut var_defs = String::new();
        let mut aliases = String::new();
        let mut vars = serde_json::json!({ "owner": owner, "name": name });
        for (i, branch) in branches.iter().enumerate() {
            var_defs.push_str(&format!(", $b{i}: String!"));
            aliases.push_str(&format!(
                r#"b{i}: pullRequests(headRefName: $b{i}, states: [MERGED], last: 1) {{ nodes {{ merged }} }} "#
            ));
            vars[format!("b{i}")] = serde_json::Value::String(branch.clone());
        }

        let query = format!(
            r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!{var_defs}) {{
                repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {{ {aliases} }}
            }}"#
        );

        let resp = self.graphql_with_vars(&query, vars).await?;

        // Surface GraphQL partial errors before checking data structure
        if let Some(errors) = resp.get("errors").and_then(|e| e.as_array()) {
            if !errors.is_empty() {
                let messages: Vec<&str> = errors
                    .iter()
                    .filter_map(|e| e.get("message").and_then(|m| m.as_str()))
                    .collect();
                tracing::warn!(
                    repo,
                    errors = ?messages,
                    "GraphQL returned errors in batch PR merge check"
                );
            }
        }

        Self::parse_batch_pr_merged_response(&resp, branches)
    }

    fn parse_batch_pr_merged_response(
        resp: &serde_json::Value,
        branches: &[String],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<std::collections::HashMap<String, bool>> {
        let repo_data = resp.pointer("/data/repository").ok_or_else(|| {
            // Check for errors array to provide a more helpful error message
            let error_msg = resp
                .get("errors")
                .and_then(|e| e.as_array())
                .and_then(|arr| arr.first())
                .and_then(|e| e.get("message"))
                .and_then(|m| m.as_str())
                .unwrap_or("no error details");
            anyhow::anyhow!(
                "missing /data/repository in GraphQL response: {}",
                error_msg
            )
        })?;

        let mut result = std::collections::HashMap::new();
        for (i, branch) in branches.iter().enumerate() {
            let alias = format!("b{i}");
            let merged = repo_data
                .get(&alias)
                .and_then(|v| v.get("nodes"))
                .and_then(|nodes| nodes.as_array())
                .and_then(|arr| arr.first())
                .and_then(|node| node.get("merged"))
                .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
                .unwrap_or(false);
            result.insert(branch.clone(), merged);
        }

        Ok(result)
    }

    /// Get issue/PR comments since a given timestamp (paginated).
    pub async fn get_mentions(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        since: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubComment>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/comments");
        self.get_all_pages(&url, &[("since", since), ("per_page", "100")])
            .await
    }

    /// Get all comments for a specific issue number.
    pub async fn get_issue_comments(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        issue_number: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubComment>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{issue_number}/comments");
        self.get_all_pages(&url, &[("per_page", "100")]).await
    }

    /// Get the current authenticated username (cached after first call).
    pub async fn get_whoami(&self) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        if let Some(cached) = self.cached_username.get() {
            return Ok(cached.clone());
        }

        let user: serde_json::Value = self.get_json(&format!("{GITHUB_API}/user")).await?;
        let username = user
            .get("login")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from)
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("failed to get current user"))?;

        let _ = self.cached_username.set(username.clone());
        Ok(username)
    }

    /// Get PR number by branch name.
    pub async fn get_pr_number(&self, repo: &str, branch: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Option<u64>> {
        let owner = repo
            .split('/')
            .next()
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;
        let head = format!("{}:{}", owner, branch);

        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls");
        let prs: Vec<serde_json::Value> = self
            .get_with_query(
                &url,
                &[("head", &head), ("state", "open"), ("per_page", "1")],
            )
            .await?;

        if prs.is_empty() {
            return Ok(None);
        }
        prs[0]
            .get("number")
            .and_then(|n| n.as_u64())
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("PR missing number field"))
            .map(Some)
    }

    /// Create a new pull request.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    /// * `repo` - Repository in "owner/repo" format
    /// * `title` - PR title
    /// * `body` - PR body/description
    /// * `head` - Branch name to create PR from
    /// * `base` - Base branch to merge into (e.g., "main")
    ///
    /// Returns the created PR's URL on success.
    pub async fn create_pr(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        title: &str,
        body: &str,
        head: &str,
        base: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        use reqwest::header;

        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls");
        Self::check_backoff(&url)?;

        #[derive(Serialize)]
        struct CreatePullRequest<'a> {
            title: &'a str,
            body: &'a str,
            head: &'a str,
            base: &'a str,
        }

        let payload = CreatePullRequest {
            title,
            body,
            head,
            base,
        };

        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .post(&url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header(header::USER_AGENT, "orch")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28")
                .json(&payload))
        };
        let response = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = response.status();
        let text = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
        if !status.is_success() {
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &text);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API POST {url} failed ({status}): {text}");
        }

        let pr: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&text)?;
        pr.get("html_url")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from)
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("failed to get PR URL from response: {:?}", pr))
    }

    /// Get the repository's default branch from the GitHub API.
    ///
    /// Used as a fallback when local git detection yields an invalid base
    /// branch for PR creation.
    pub async fn get_default_branch(&self, repo: &str) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}");
        let resp: serde_json::Value = self.get_json(&url).await?;
        resp.get("default_branch")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from)
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("default_branch missing from repo response"))
    }

    /// Get PR details by PR number.
    /// Returns the full PR object including the `mergeable` field.
    pub async fn get_pr(&self, repo: &str, pr_number: u64) -> anyhow::Result<GitHubPullRequest> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}");
        self.get_json(&url).await
    }

    /// Fetch the merged/state for multiple PRs in a single GraphQL query.
    ///
    /// Returns a map of pr_number → (merged, state).
    /// PRs that fail to fetch are silently omitted from the result.
    pub async fn batch_get_pr_states(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_numbers: &[u64],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<std::collections::HashMap<u64, (bool, String)>> {
        if pr_numbers.is_empty() {
            return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
        }

        let (owner, name) = repo
            .split_once('/')
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;

        // GitHub GraphQL complexity limit: chunk at 50 to avoid slow/rejected queries.
        const CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 50;
        let mut result = std::collections::HashMap::new();

        for chunk in pr_numbers.chunks(CHUNK_SIZE) {
            let aliases: String = chunk
                .iter()
                .map(|n| format!("pr{n}: pullRequest(number: {n}) {{ merged state }}"))
                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                .join("\n  ");

            let query = format!(
                r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!) {{ repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {{ {aliases} }} }}"#
            );

            let resp = self
                .graphql_with_vars(&query, serde_json::json!({ "owner": owner, "name": name }))
                .await?;
            let repo_data = resp
                .pointer("/data/repository")
                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("missing /data/repository in GraphQL response"))?;

            for n in chunk {
                if let Some(pr) = repo_data.get(format!("pr{n}")) {
                    let merged = pr.get("merged").and_then(|v| v.as_bool()).unwrap_or(false);
                    let state = pr
                        .get("state")
                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                        .unwrap_or("UNKNOWN")
                        .to_lowercase();
                    result.insert(*n, (merged, state));
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(result)
    }

    /// Batch-fetch state and labels for multiple GitHub issues in a single GraphQL request.
    ///
    /// Returns a map of issue number (as string) → `(state, labels)` where state is
    /// lowercase ("open" / "closed") to match the REST API convention used elsewhere.
    pub async fn batch_get_issue_states(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        issue_numbers: &[u64],
        caller_context: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<std::collections::HashMap<String, (String, Vec<String>)>> {
        if issue_numbers.is_empty() {
            return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
        }

        let (valid_issue_numbers, invalid_issue_numbers) =
            sanitize_github_issue_numbers(issue_numbers);
        if !invalid_issue_numbers.is_empty() {
            tracing::warn!(
                repo,
                caller_context,
                invalid_issue_numbers = ?invalid_issue_numbers,
                total_supplied = issue_numbers.len(),
                "dropping invalid GitHub issue numbers before batch issue-state GraphQL query"
            );
        }
        if valid_issue_numbers.is_empty() {
            return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
        }

        let (owner, name) = repo
            .split_once('/')
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;

        // GitHub GraphQL complexity limit: chunk at 50 to avoid slow/rejected queries.
        const CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 50;
        let mut result = std::collections::HashMap::new();

        for chunk in valid_issue_numbers.chunks(CHUNK_SIZE) {
            let aliases: String = chunk
                .iter()
                .map(|n| {
                    format!("issue{n}: issue(number: {n}) {{ state labels(first: 100) {{ nodes {{ name }} }} }}")
                })
                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                .join(" ");

            let query = format!(
                r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!) {{ repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {{ {aliases} }} }}"#
            );

            let resp = self
                .graphql_with_vars(&query, serde_json::json!({ "owner": owner, "name": name }))
                .await?;
            let repo_data = resp
                .pointer("/data/repository")
                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("missing /data/repository in GraphQL response"))?;

            for n in chunk {
                if let Some(issue) = repo_data.get(format!("issue{n}")) {
                    let state = issue
                        .get("state")
                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                        .unwrap_or("UNKNOWN")
                        .to_lowercase();
                    let labels: Vec<String> = issue
                        .pointer("/labels/nodes")
                        .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                        .map(|arr| {
                            arr.iter()
                                .filter_map(|l| {
                                    l.get("name").and_then(|nm| nm.as_str()).map(String::from)
                                })
                                .collect()
                        })
                        .unwrap_or_default();
                    result.insert(n.to_string(), (state, labels));
                }
            }
        }
        Ok(result)
    }

    /// Get the required status check contexts for a branch.
    pub async fn get_required_status_check_contexts(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        branch: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<String>> {
        let branch = urlencoding::encode(branch);
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/branches/{branch}/protection");
        let resp = self.get_json::<serde_json::Value>(&url).await;
        match resp {
            Ok(value) => Ok(value
                .pointer("/required_status_checks/contexts")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .map(|contexts| {
                    contexts
                        .iter()
                        .filter_map(|context| context.as_str().map(|s| s.to_string()))
                        .collect()
                })
                .unwrap_or_default()),
            Err(e) => {
                let err = e.to_string();
                if err.contains("404") {
                    Ok(vec![])
                } else {
                    Err(e)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Get commit status contexts for a SHA.
    pub async fn get_commit_status_contexts(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        sha: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<(String, String)>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/commits/{sha}/status?per_page=100");
        // The /commits/{sha}/status endpoint returns a wrapper object:
        // { "state": "pending", "total_count": N, "statuses": [...] }
        // Use get_all_pages_from_wrapper to follow pagination and extract the
        // `statuses` array across pages so we don't silently truncate at 100.
        let statuses: Vec<serde_json::Value> =
            self.get_all_pages_from_wrapper(&url, "statuses").await?;

        Ok(statuses
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(|status| {
                let context = status.get("context").and_then(|v| v.as_str())?;
                let state = status.get("state").and_then(|v| v.as_str())?;
                Some((context.to_string(), state.to_string()))
            })
            .collect())
    }

    fn combined_status_state(
        total: u64,
        failing: u64,
        pending: u64,
        has_workflows: bool,
        mergeable_state: Option<&str>,
    ) -> String {
        if failing > 0 {
            "failure".to_string()
        } else if pending > 0 {
            "pending".to_string()
        } else if total == 0 && has_workflows {
            // No check runs yet. If GitHub already reports mergeable_state="clean"
            // the PR is ready (e.g. all workflows use paths-ignore and skipped this
            // commit). Treating it as pending would stall auto-merge forever.
            if mergeable_state == Some("clean") {
                "success".to_string()
            } else {
                "pending".to_string()
            }
        } else {
            "success".to_string()
        }
    }

    /// Return `true` when the repository has at least one GitHub Actions workflow.
    ///
    /// This is used to distinguish repos that genuinely have no CI configured from
    /// repos where CI exists but GitHub has not surfaced any runs yet.
    pub async fn has_workflows(&self, repo: &str) -> anyhow::Result<bool> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/actions/workflows?per_page=1");
        let resp = self.get_json::<serde_json::Value>(&url).await;
        match resp {
            Ok(value) => Ok(value
                .get("workflows")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .map(|workflows| !workflows.is_empty())
                .unwrap_or(false)),
            Err(e) => {
                let err = e.to_string();
                if err.contains("404") {
                    Ok(false)
                } else {
                    Err(e)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Get check runs for a PR head SHA.
    pub async fn get_check_runs(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        sha: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubCheckRun>> {
        // Use `filter=latest` so GitHub returns only the most recent check run
        // per check name. Without this, the API returns all runs (oldest
        // first) and callers that pick the first match may observe a stale
        // failed run when a newer run with the same name has succeeded.
        //
        // Use `per_page=100` and manual pagination via `get_all_pages_from_wrapper`
        // because this endpoint returns a *wrapper object* — `{ "total_count": N,
        // "check_runs": [...] }` — rather than a raw JSON array.  `get_all_pages`
        // cannot be used here because it calls `serde_json::from_str::<Vec<T>>`
        // which would fail on an object body.
        let url = format!(
            "{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/commits/{sha}/check-runs?filter=latest&per_page=100"
        );
        self.get_all_pages_from_wrapper(&url, "check_runs").await
    }

    /// Get annotations for a specific check run.
    ///
    /// Returns the list of annotations attached to the check run, including
    /// billing failure messages ("The job was not started because recent account
    /// payments have failed …") that GitHub surfaces as annotations rather than
    /// as a distinct CI conclusion value.
    pub async fn get_check_run_annotations(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        check_run_id: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubAnnotation>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/check-runs/{check_run_id}/annotations");
        self.get_all_pages(&url, &[("per_page", "100")]).await
    }

    /// Get reviews for a PR.
    pub async fn get_pr_reviews(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_number: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubReview>> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}/reviews");
        self.get_all_pages(&url, &[("per_page", "100")]).await
    }

    /// Get the committer timestamp for a specific commit SHA.
    ///
    /// Returns an ISO-8601 string, e.g. `"2024-01-15T12:00:00Z"`.
    /// Used to determine whether the branch has been updated since a review was submitted.
    pub async fn get_commit_timestamp(&self, repo: &str, sha: &str) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/commits/{sha}");
        let value: serde_json::Value = self.get_json(&url).await?;
        value
            .pointer("/commit/committer/date")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(|s| s.to_string())
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("commit {sha} has no committer date"))
    }

    /// Update the body of a pull request.
    pub async fn update_pr_body(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_number: u64,
        body: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "body": body });
        self.patch_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Close a GitHub issue.
    pub async fn close_issue(&self, repo: &str, number: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "state": "closed" });
        self.patch_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Reopen a closed GitHub issue.
    pub async fn reopen_issue(&self, repo: &str, number: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/issues/{number}");
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "state": "open" });
        self.patch_json_raw(&url, &payload).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Check if a user is a collaborator.
    pub async fn is_collaborator(&self, repo: &str, username: &str) -> anyhow::Result<bool> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/collaborators/{username}");
        Self::check_backoff(&url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .get(&url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if status == StatusCode::NO_CONTENT {
            Ok(true)
        } else if status == StatusCode::NOT_FOUND {
            Ok(false)
        } else {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API collaborator check failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
    }

    /// Add a sub-issue relationship via GraphQL.
    pub async fn add_sub_issue(
        &self,
        parent_node_id: &str,
        child_node_id: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let query = format!(
            r#"mutation {{
                addSubIssue(input: {{issueId: "{}", subIssueId: "{}"}}) {{
                    issue {{ number }}
                    subIssue {{ number }}
                }}
            }}"#,
            parent_node_id, child_node_id
        );
        self.graphql_with_headers(&query, &["GraphQL-Features:sub_issues"])
            .await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Link an issue to a branch using GraphQL.
    ///
    /// Creates a "Development" sidebar link in GitHub that connects the issue
    /// to the branch, similar to `gh issue develop`.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    /// * `repo` - Repository in "owner/repo" format
    /// * `issue_number` - The issue number to link
    /// * `branch` - The branch name to link the issue to
    ///
    /// Returns the linked branch ID on success.
    pub async fn link_issue_to_branch(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        issue_number: u64,
        branch: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
        let parts: Vec<&str> = repo.split('/').collect();
        if parts.len() != 2 {
            anyhow::bail!("invalid repo format: expected 'owner/repo', got '{}'", repo);
        }
        let (owner, repo_name) = (parts[0], parts[1]);

        // First, get the repository and issue node IDs
        let query = r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $number: Int!) {
                repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                    id
                    issue(number: $number) {
                        id
                    }
                }
            }"#;
        let vars = serde_json::json!({
            "owner": owner,
            "name": repo_name,
            "number": issue_number,
        });

        let result = self.graphql_with_vars(query, vars).await?;

        let repo_id = result
            .pointer("/data/repository/id")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("failed to get repository node ID"))?;

        let issue_id = result
            .pointer("/data/repository/issue/id")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("failed to get issue node ID"))?;

        // Fetch branch ref to get the commit OID required by createLinkedBranch
        let branch_query = r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $ref: String!) {
                repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                    ref(qualifiedName: $ref) {
                        target {
                            oid
                        }
                    }
                }
            }"#;
        let branch_vars = serde_json::json!({
            "owner": owner,
            "name": repo_name,
            "ref": format!("refs/heads/{}", branch),
        });

        let branch_result = self.graphql_with_vars(branch_query, branch_vars).await?;
        let branch_oid = branch_result
            .pointer("/data/repository/ref/target/oid")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str());

        // If branch doesn't exist yet, use the default branch OID.
        // createLinkedBranch will create the branch at that OID AND link it.
        let branch_oid = match branch_oid {
            Some(oid) => oid.to_string(),
            None => {
                // Get default branch OID as the base for the new branch
                let default_query = r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!) {
                        repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                            defaultBranchRef {
                                target {
                                    oid
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }"#;
                let default_vars = serde_json::json!({
                    "owner": owner,
                    "name": repo_name,
                });
                let default_result = self.graphql_with_vars(default_query, default_vars).await?;
                match default_result
                    .pointer("/data/repository/defaultBranchRef/target/oid")
                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                {
                    Some(oid) => {
                        tracing::debug!(
                            repo,
                            issue_number,
                            branch,
                            "branch not found, using default branch OID to create and link"
                        );
                        oid.to_string()
                    }
                    None => {
                        return Ok(format!("unlinked:{}", branch));
                    }
                }
            }
        };

        // Use createLinkedBranch mutation to link the issue to the existing branch.
        // Required fields: issueId, repositoryId, name (branch name), oid (commit SHA).
        let mutation = r#"mutation($issueId: ID!, $repositoryId: ID!, $name: String!, $oid: GitObjectID!) {
                createLinkedBranch(input: {
                    issueId: $issueId
                    repositoryId: $repositoryId
                    name: $name
                    oid: $oid
                }) {
                    linkedBranch {
                        id
                        ref {
                            name
                        }
                    }
                }
            }"#;
        let mutation_vars = serde_json::json!({
            "issueId": issue_id,
            "repositoryId": repo_id,
            "name": branch,
            "oid": branch_oid,
        });

        let link_result = self.graphql_with_vars(mutation, mutation_vars).await;

        match link_result {
            Ok(result) => {
                let linked_branch_id = result
                    .pointer("/data/createLinkedBranch/linkedBranch/id")
                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                    .map(String::from);

                if let Some(id) = linked_branch_id {
                    tracing::info!(
                        repo,
                        issue_number,
                        branch,
                        "linked issue to branch via GraphQL API"
                    );
                    Ok(id)
                } else {
                    // Branch may already be linked - check for errors
                    let errors = result
                        .get("errors")
                        .and_then(|e| e.as_array())
                        .cloned()
                        .unwrap_or_default();

                    if errors.iter().any(|e| {
                        e.get("message")
                            .and_then(|m| m.as_str())
                            .map(|m| m.contains("already"))
                            .unwrap_or(false)
                    }) {
                        tracing::debug!(
                            repo,
                            issue_number,
                            branch,
                            "issue already linked to branch"
                        );
                        Ok(format!("already_linked:{}", branch))
                    } else {
                        anyhow::bail!("failed to link issue to branch: {:?}", result)
                    }
                }
            }
            Err(e) => {
                // Check if it's a "already exists" type error
                let err_str = format!("{}", e);
                if err_str.contains("already") || err_str.contains("existing") {
                    tracing::debug!(
                        repo,
                        issue_number,
                        branch,
                        "issue already linked to branch (error check)"
                    );
                    Ok(format!("already_linked:{}", branch))
                } else {
                    Err(e)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Merge a PR using the REST API (squash merge).
    pub async fn merge_pr(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_number: u64,
        delete_branch: bool,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}/merge");
        Self::check_backoff(&url)?;
        let payload = serde_json::json!({ "merge_method": "squash" });
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .put(&url)
                .json(&payload)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub PR merge failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        Self::record_success();

        // Delete branch if requested
        if delete_branch {
            // Get the head ref (branch name) from the PR
            let pr: serde_json::Value = self
                .get_json(&format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}"))
                .await?;
            if let Some(ref_name) = pr.pointer("/head/ref").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
                let del_url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/git/refs/heads/{ref_name}");
                if let Err(e) = self.delete(&del_url).await {
                    let err_str = e.to_string();
                    if err_str.contains("Reference does not exist") {
                        tracing::debug!(
                            ref_name,
                            "branch already gone (GitHub auto-deleted on merge)"
                        );
                    } else {
                        tracing::warn!(ref_name, err = %e, "failed to delete branch after merge");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Update a PR's branch by merging the latest base branch into it
    /// (equivalent of the "Update branch" button on GitHub, or `gh pr
    /// update-branch`). Produces a new merge commit on the head branch,
    /// which re-triggers CI — used to give a PR a chance to pick up a fix
    /// that landed on the base branch after the PR's last CI run failed.
    pub async fn update_pr_branch(&self, repo: &str, pr_number: u64) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/pulls/{pr_number}/update-branch");
        Self::check_backoff(&url)?;
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .put(&url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub PR update-branch failed ({status}): {body}");
        }
        Self::record_success();
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Enable auto-merge on a PR via GraphQL.
    ///
    /// GitHub will automatically merge the PR once all required checks pass.
    pub async fn enable_auto_merge(&self, repo: &str, pr_number: u64) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let parts: Vec<&str> = repo.split('/').collect();
        if parts.len() != 2 {
            anyhow::bail!("invalid repo format: {repo}");
        }
        let (owner, repo_name) = (parts[0], parts[1]);

        // First get the PR node ID
        let pr_query = r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $number: Int!) {
            repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                pullRequest(number: $number) { id }
            }
        }"#;
        let body = self
            .graphql_with_vars(
                pr_query,
                serde_json::json!({
                    "owner": owner,
                    "name": repo_name,
                    "number": pr_number,
                }),
            )
            .await?;
        let pr_id = body
            .pointer("/data/repository/pullRequest/id")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("could not get PR node ID"))?
            .to_string();

        // Enable auto-merge with squash
        let mutation = r#"mutation($prId: ID!) {
            enablePullRequestAutoMerge(input: {pullRequestId: $prId, mergeMethod: SQUASH}) {
                pullRequest { autoMergeRequest { enabledAt } }
            }
        }"#;
        let body = self
            .graphql_with_vars(mutation, serde_json::json!({ "prId": pr_id }))
            .await?;
        if let Some(errors) = body.get("errors") {
            anyhow::bail!("enable auto-merge GraphQL error: {errors}");
        }

        tracing::info!(repo, pr_number, "auto-merge enabled on PR");
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Get sub-issues via GraphQL (paginated).
    pub async fn get_sub_issues(&self, repo: &str, number: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<u64>> {
        let parts: Vec<&str> = repo.split('/').collect();
        if parts.len() != 2 {
            anyhow::bail!("invalid repo format: expected 'owner/repo', got '{}'", repo);
        }
        let (owner, repo_name) = (parts[0], parts[1]);
        let number = match parse_positive_issue_number(number) {
            Ok(number) => number,
            Err(e) => {
                tracing::debug!(repo, issue = number, ?e, "skipping sub-issues lookup");
                return Ok(Vec::new());
            }
        };

        let mut all_numbers: Vec<u64> = Vec::new();
        let mut cursor: Option<String> = None;
        let page_size = 100;
        let max_pages = 50;
        let mut page_count = 0;

        loop {
            page_count += 1;
            if page_count > max_pages {
                tracing::warn!(
                    repo,
                    number,
                    "get_sub_issues hit max page limit ({max_pages})"
                );
                break;
            }

            let (query, vars) = if let Some(ref c) = cursor {
                (
                    r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $number: Int!, $first: Int!, $after: String!) {
                    repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                        issue(number: $number) {
                            subIssues(first: $first, after: $after) {
                                nodes { number }
                                pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }"#,
                    serde_json::json!({
                        "owner": owner,
                        "name": repo_name,
                        "number": number,
                        "first": page_size,
                        "after": c,
                    }),
                )
            } else {
                (
                    r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $number: Int!, $first: Int!) {
                    repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
                        issue(number: $number) {
                            subIssues(first: $first) {
                                nodes { number }
                                pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }"#,
                    serde_json::json!({
                        "owner": owner,
                        "name": repo_name,
                        "number": number,
                        "first": page_size,
                    }),
                )
            };

            let result = self
                .graphql_with_headers_and_vars(query, &["GraphQL-Features:sub_issues"], vars)
                .await?;

            let sub_issues_data = result
                .get("data")
                .and_then(|d| d.get("repository"))
                .and_then(|r| r.get("issue"))
                .and_then(|i| i.get("subIssues"));

            let nodes = sub_issues_data
                .and_then(|s| s.get("nodes"))
                .and_then(|n| n.as_array());

            match nodes {
                Some(nodes) => {
                    let numbers: Vec<u64> = nodes
                        .iter()
                        .filter_map(|n| n.get("number").and_then(|num| num.as_u64()))
                        .collect();
                    all_numbers.extend(numbers);
                }
                None => break,
            }

            let page_info = sub_issues_data.and_then(|s| s.get("pageInfo"));
            let has_next = page_info
                .and_then(|p| p.get("hasNextPage"))
                .and_then(|h| h.as_bool())
                .unwrap_or(false);

            if !has_next {
                break;
            }

            cursor = page_info
                .and_then(|p| p.get("endCursor"))
                .and_then(|c| c.as_str())
                .map(|s| s.to_string());
        }

        Ok(all_numbers)
    }

    /// Get combined CI check status for a git ref.
    pub async fn get_combined_status(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        git_ref: &str,
        has_workflows: bool,
        mergeable_state: Option<&str>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<(String, u64, u64, u64, u64)> {
        let url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/commits/{git_ref}/check-runs");
        let resp: serde_json::Value = self.get_json(&url).await?;

        let runs = resp
            .get("check_runs")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
            .cloned()
            .unwrap_or_default();

        let mut passing = 0u64;
        let mut failing = 0u64;
        let mut pending = 0u64;

        for run in &runs {
            let conclusion = run.get("conclusion").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("");
            let status = run
                .get("status")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
                .unwrap_or("queued");

            match status {
                "completed" => {
                    if conclusion.is_empty() {
                        pending += 1;
                    } else if matches!(conclusion, "success" | "neutral" | "skipped") {
                        passing += 1;
                    } else {
                        failing += 1;
                    }
                }
                _ => pending += 1,
            }
        }

        let total = runs.len() as u64;
        let state =
            Self::combined_status_state(total, failing, pending, has_workflows, mergeable_state);

        Ok((state, total, passing, failing, pending))
    }

    /// Rerun the latest failed workflow run for a given workflow name and branch.
    ///
    /// Finds the most recent failed (or cancelled) run of `workflow_name` on
    /// `branch` triggered by a `push` event, then calls the GitHub Actions
    /// rerun endpoint so the **same check run** on the commit flips green.
    pub async fn rerun_failed_workflow(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        workflow_name: &str,
        branch: &str,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        // List recent runs for this branch, filtered to push events
        let url = format!(
            "{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/actions/runs?branch={branch}&event=push&per_page=10"
        );
        let resp: serde_json::Value = self.get_json(&url).await?;
        let runs = resp["workflow_runs"]
            .as_array()
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("no workflow_runs array in response"))?;

        // Find the latest failed/cancelled run matching the workflow name
        let run_id = runs
            .iter()
            .find(|r| {
                r["name"].as_str() == Some(workflow_name)
                    && matches!(
                        r["conclusion"].as_str(),
                        Some("failure") | Some("cancelled")
                    )
            })
            .and_then(|r| r["id"].as_u64())
            .ok_or_else(|| {
                anyhow::anyhow!(
                    "no failed run found for workflow '{}' on branch '{}'",
                    workflow_name,
                    branch
                )
            })?;

        // POST rerun — no body needed
        let rerun_url = format!("{GITHUB_API}/repos/{repo}/actions/runs/{run_id}/rerun");
        let auth = self.auth_header().await?;
        let make_req = || {
            Ok(self
                .client
                .post(&rerun_url)
                .header(header::AUTHORIZATION, auth.clone())
                .header(header::ACCEPT, "application/vnd.github+json")
                .header("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28"))
        };
        let resp = self.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if !status.is_success() {
            let body = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
            Self::maybe_record_rate_limit_from_body(status, &body);
            anyhow::bail!("GitHub API POST rerun {rerun_url} failed ({status}): {body}");
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Fetch reviews, review comments, and issue comments for multiple PRs in a
    /// single GraphQL query instead of 4–5 REST calls per PR.
    ///
    /// Returns a map of `pr_number → PrReviewBatchData`.
    /// PRs missing from the response are omitted from the result.
    pub async fn batch_fetch_pr_review_data(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_numbers: &[u64],
    ) -> anyhow::Result<std::collections::HashMap<u64, PrReviewBatchData>> {
        if pr_numbers.is_empty() {
            return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
        }

        let (owner, name) = repo
            .split_once('/')
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("invalid repo format: {}", repo))?;

        // Build one GraphQL alias per PR number.
        let aliases: String = pr_numbers
            .iter()
            .map(|&n| build_pr_review_alias(n))
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join("\n");

        let query = format!(
            r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!) {{ repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {{ {aliases} }} }}"#
        );

        let resp = self
            .graphql_with_vars(&query, serde_json::json!({ "owner": owner, "name": name }))
            .await?;
        let repo_data = resp
            .pointer("/data/repository")
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("missing /data/repository in GraphQL response"))?;

        let mut result = std::collections::HashMap::new();
        for &n in pr_numbers {
            let Some(pr_data) = repo_data.get(format!("pr{n}")) else {
                continue;
            };

            let merged = pr_data
                .get("merged")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
                .unwrap_or(false);
            let mergeable = match pr_data.get("mergeable").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
                Some("MERGEABLE") => Some(true),
                Some("CONFLICTING") => Some(false),
                _ => None, // UNKNOWN or missing
            };

            let mut reviews: Vec<GitHubReview> = pr_data
                .pointer("/reviews/nodes")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .map(|nodes| nodes.iter().filter_map(parse_graphql_review).collect())
                .unwrap_or_default();

            if connection_has_next_page(pr_data.pointer("/reviews/pageInfo")) {
                tracing::warn!(
                    pr_number = n,
                    fetched = reviews.len(),
                    "batch review fetch truncated reviews connection at first page"
                );
            }

            // Ensure deterministic ordering by submitted timestamp (oldest -> newest).
            // GraphQL connections do not guarantee a stable sort unless explicitly
            // requested. Sort here so consumers can rely on chronological order.
            reviews.sort_by(|a, b| a.submitted_at.cmp(&b.submitted_at));

            let mut review_comments: Vec<GitHubReviewComment> = pr_data
                .pointer("/reviewThreads/nodes")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .map(|threads| {
                    threads
                        .iter()
                        .filter_map(|thread| {
                            thread
                                .pointer("/comments/nodes")
                                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                                .map(|nodes| {
                                    nodes
                                        .iter()
                                        .filter_map(parse_graphql_review_comment)
                                        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                                })
                        })
                        .flatten()
                        .collect()
                })
                .unwrap_or_default();

            if connection_has_next_page(pr_data.pointer("/reviewThreads/pageInfo")) {
                tracing::warn!(
                    pr_number = n,
                    fetched_threads = pr_data
                        .pointer("/reviewThreads/nodes")
                        .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                        .map_or(0, |threads| threads.len()),
                    "batch review fetch truncated reviewThreads connection at first page"
                );
            }
            if pr_data
                .pointer("/reviewThreads/nodes")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .is_some_and(|threads| {
                    threads.iter().any(|thread| {
                        connection_has_next_page(thread.pointer("/comments/pageInfo"))
                    })
                })
            {
                tracing::warn!(
                    pr_number = n,
                    "batch review fetch truncated one or more review thread comment connections"
                );
            }

            // Sort inline review comments by created_at (oldest -> newest) so
            // callers can process them deterministically.
            review_comments.sort_by(|a, b| a.created_at.cmp(&b.created_at));

            let mut issue_comments: Vec<GitHubComment> = pr_data
                .pointer("/comments/nodes")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                .map(|nodes| {
                    nodes
                        .iter()
                        .filter_map(parse_graphql_issue_comment)
                        .collect()
                })
                .unwrap_or_default();

            if let Some(cursor) = connection_end_cursor(pr_data.pointer("/comments/pageInfo")) {
                issue_comments.extend(
                    self.fetch_pr_issue_comments_after(owner, name, n, Some(cursor))
                        .await?,
                );
            }

            // Sort issue-level comments by created_at (oldest -> newest). The
            // review poll logic expects chronological ordering and may iterate
            // in reverse to find the latest comments — so ensure a consistent
            // ordering here regardless of GraphQL's default.
            issue_comments.sort_by(|a, b| a.created_at.cmp(&b.created_at));

            result.insert(
                n,
                PrReviewBatchData {
                    merged,
                    mergeable,
                    reviews,
                    review_comments,
                    issue_comments,
                },
            );
        }

        Ok(result)
    }

    async fn fetch_pr_issue_comments_after(
        &self,
        owner: &str,
        name: &str,
        pr_number: u64,
        mut cursor: Option<String>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<GitHubComment>> {
        let mut comments = Vec::new();
        let mut page_count = 0;
        let max_pages = 50;

        while let Some(current_cursor) = cursor.take() {
            page_count += 1;
            if page_count > max_pages {
                tracing::warn!(
                    pr_number,
                    fetched = comments.len(),
                    "stopping PR issue comment pagination after max page limit"
                );
                break;
            }

            let (query, vars) =
                build_pr_issue_comments_page_query(owner, name, pr_number, &current_cursor);
            let resp = self.graphql_with_vars(&query, vars).await?;
            let comments_data = resp
                .pointer("/data/repository/pullRequest/comments")
                .ok_or_else(|| {
                    anyhow::anyhow!(
                        "missing /data/repository/pullRequest/comments in GraphQL response"
                    )
                })?;

            comments.extend(
                comments_data
                    .get("nodes")
                    .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
                    .into_iter()
                    .flatten()
                    .filter_map(parse_graphql_issue_comment),
            );

            cursor = connection_end_cursor(comments_data.get("pageInfo"));
        }

        Ok(comments)
    }

    /// Check the latest automated review comment on a PR.
    pub async fn get_automated_review_status(
        &self,
        repo: &str,
        pr_number: u64,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<Option<String>> {
        let comments = self.list_comments(repo, &pr_number.to_string()).await?;

        // Find the most recent automated review comment authored by a collaborator.
        let mut newest: Option<&crate::github::types::GitHubComment> = None;
        for c in &comments {
            if !c.body.starts_with("## Automated Review") {
                continue;
            }
            match self.is_collaborator(repo, &c.user.login).await {
                Ok(true) => match newest {
                    None => newest = Some(c),
                    Some(prev) => {
                        if c.created_at > prev.created_at {
                            newest = Some(c);
                        }
                    }
                },
                Ok(false) => {
                    tracing::warn!(
                        user = %c.user.login,
                        pr_number,
                        "ignoring automated review comment from non-collaborator"
                    );
                    continue;
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    tracing::debug!(
                        user = %c.user.login,
                        error = %e,
                        "failed to check collaborator status, skipping comment"
                    );
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }

        match newest {
            Some(c) => {
                let first_line = c.body.lines().next().unwrap_or("");
                if first_line.contains("Automated Review \u{2014} Approve") {
                    Ok(Some("approve".to_string()))
                } else if first_line.contains("Automated Review \u{2014} Changes Requested") {
                    Ok(Some("changes_requested".to_string()))
                } else {
                    Ok(None)
                }
            }
            None => Ok(None),
        }
    }
}

fn sanitize_github_issue_numbers(issue_numbers: &[u64]) -> (Vec<u64>, Vec<u64>) {
    let mut valid = Vec::with_capacity(issue_numbers.len());
    let mut invalid = Vec::new();
    for &issue_number in issue_numbers {
        if issue_number == 0 {
            invalid.push(issue_number);
        } else {
            valid.push(issue_number);
        }
    }
    (valid, invalid)
}

// ── Public metrics ───────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Snapshot of GitHub API rate-limit metrics.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RateLimitMetrics {
    /// Total 403/429 rate-limit responses received (REST + GraphQL combined).
    pub hits: u64,
    /// Calls skipped because the quota was low or a backoff was active.
    pub skipped_calls: u64,
    /// Current REST remaining quota (None if not yet observed).
    pub rest_remaining: Option<u32>,
    /// UTC epoch second when the REST window resets (None if not yet observed).
    pub rest_reset_at: Option<u64>,
    /// Current GraphQL remaining quota (None if not yet observed).
    pub graphql_remaining: Option<u32>,
    /// Total 5xx server error responses received (REST + GraphQL combined).
    pub five_xx_hits: u64,
}

/// Return a snapshot of GitHub API rate-limit metrics.
pub fn rate_limit_metrics() -> RateLimitMetrics {
    let (rest_remaining, rest_reset_at) = REST_RATE_LIMIT
        .lock()
        .ok()
        .map(|rl| (rl.remaining, rl.reset_at))
        .unwrap_or((None, None));
    let graphql_remaining = GRAPHQL_RATE_LIMIT.lock().ok().and_then(|rl| rl.remaining);
    RateLimitMetrics {
        hits: METRIC_RATE_LIMIT_HITS.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
        skipped_calls: METRIC_PROACTIVE_THROTTLES.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
        rest_remaining,
        rest_reset_at,
        graphql_remaining,
        five_xx_hits: METRIC_5XX_HITS.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
    }
}

// ── Link header parser ───────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Parse the `Link` header to find the `rel="next"` URL.
fn parse_link_next(headers: &header::HeaderMap) -> Option<String> {
    let link = headers.get("link")?.to_str().ok()?;
    for part in link.split(',') {
        let part = part.trim();
        if part.contains("rel=\"next\"") {
            // Extract URL between < and >
            let start = part.find('<')? + 1;
            let end = part.find('>')?;
            if start >= end {
                return None;
            }
            return Some(part[start..end].to_string());
        }
    }
    None
}

/// Return the hex color string for a given `status:*` label.
pub fn status_label_color(label: &str) -> &'static str {
    match label {
        "status:new" => "0e8a16",
        "status:routed" => "1d76db",
        "status:in_progress" => "fbca04",
        "status:done" => "6f42c1",
        "status:blocked" => "d73a4a",
        "status:in_review" => "0075ca",
        "status:needs_review" => "e4e669",
        "status:waiting" => "5319e7",
        _ => "c5def5",
    }
}

// ── Batch GraphQL helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Data fetched for one PR by [`GhHttp::batch_fetch_pr_review_data`].
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct PrReviewBatchData {
    /// True when the pull request was merged.
    pub merged: bool,
    /// `Some(true)` = MERGEABLE, `Some(false)` = CONFLICTING, `None` = UNKNOWN.
    pub mergeable: Option<bool>,
    /// All reviews submitted on the PR.
    pub reviews: Vec<GitHubReview>,
    /// All inline review comments (from all review threads).
    pub review_comments: Vec<GitHubReviewComment>,
    /// All issue-level comments on the PR.
    pub issue_comments: Vec<GitHubComment>,
}

/// Build a GraphQL alias fragment for one pull request, fetching all data
/// needed by the review poll loop in a single batch request.
fn build_pr_review_alias(n: u64) -> String {
    format!(
        r#"pr{n}: pullRequest(number: {n}) {{
  merged
  mergeable
  reviews(first: 50) {{
    nodes {{
      databaseId
      author {{ login }}
      body
      state
      url
      submittedAt
      commit {{ oid }}
    }}
    pageInfo {{ hasNextPage }}
  }}
  reviewThreads(first: 50) {{
    nodes {{
      comments(first: 20) {{
        nodes {{
          databaseId
          author {{ login }}
          body
          path
          line
          originalLine
          commit {{ oid }}
          originalCommit {{ oid }}
          url
          createdAt
          updatedAt
          replyTo {{ databaseId }}
          diffHunk
        }}
        pageInfo {{ hasNextPage }}
      }}
    }}
    pageInfo {{ hasNextPage }}
  }}
  comments(first: 50) {{
    nodes {{
      databaseId
      author {{ login }}
      body
      createdAt
      updatedAt
      url
    }}
    pageInfo {{ hasNextPage endCursor }}
  }}
}}"#
    )
}

fn build_pr_issue_comments_page_query(
    owner: &str,
    name: &str,
    pr_number: u64,
    after_cursor: &str,
) -> (String, serde_json::Value) {
    let query = r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!, $number: Int!, $after: String!) {
  repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {
    pullRequest(number: $number) {
      comments(first: 100, after: $after) {
        nodes {
          databaseId
          author { login }
          body
          createdAt
          updatedAt
          url
        }
        pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
      }
    }
  }
}"#
    .to_string();
    let vars = serde_json::json!({
        "owner": owner,
        "name": name,
        "number": pr_number,
        "after": after_cursor,
    });
    (query, vars)
}

fn connection_has_next_page(page_info: Option<&serde_json::Value>) -> bool {
    page_info
        .and_then(|v| v.get("hasNextPage"))
        .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
        .unwrap_or(false)
}

fn connection_end_cursor(page_info: Option<&serde_json::Value>) -> Option<String> {
    if !connection_has_next_page(page_info) {
        return None;
    }

    page_info
        .and_then(|v| v.get("endCursor"))
        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
        .map(str::to_owned)
}

fn parse_graphql_review(node: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<GitHubReview> {
    use super::types::GitHubUser;
    Some(GitHubReview {
        id: node.get("databaseId").and_then(|v| v.as_u64())?,
        user: GitHubUser {
            login: node
                .pointer("/author/login")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())?
                .to_string(),
        },
        body: node.get("body").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).map(String::from),
        state: node.get("state").and_then(|v| v.as_str())?.to_string(),
        html_url: node.get("url").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).map(String::from),
        submitted_at: node
            .get("submittedAt")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        commit_id: node
            .pointer("/commit/oid")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from),
    })
}

fn parse_graphql_review_comment(node: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<GitHubReviewComment> {
    use super::types::GitHubUser;
    Some(GitHubReviewComment {
        id: node.get("databaseId").and_then(|v| v.as_u64())?,
        user: GitHubUser {
            login: node
                .pointer("/author/login")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())?
                .to_string(),
        },
        body: node.get("body").and_then(|v| v.as_str())?.to_string(),
        path: node
            .get("path")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        line: node.get("line").and_then(|v| v.as_u64()).map(|v| v as u32),
        original_line: node
            .get("originalLine")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_u64())
            .map(|v| v as u32),
        commit_id: node
            .pointer("/commit/oid")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        original_commit_id: node
            .pointer("/originalCommit/oid")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        html_url: node
            .get("url")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        created_at: node
            .get("createdAt")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        updated_at: node
            .get("updatedAt")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        in_reply_to_id: node.pointer("/replyTo/databaseId").and_then(|v| v.as_u64()),
        diff_hunk: node
            .get("diffHunk")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from),
    })
}

fn parse_graphql_issue_comment(node: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<GitHubComment> {
    use super::types::GitHubUser;
    Some(GitHubComment {
        id: node.get("databaseId").and_then(|v| v.as_u64())?,
        body: node.get("body").and_then(|v| v.as_str())?.to_string(),
        user: GitHubUser {
            login: node
                .pointer("/author/login")
                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())?
                .to_string(),
        },
        created_at: node
            .get("createdAt")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .unwrap_or("")
            .to_string(),
        updated_at: node
            .get("updatedAt")
            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
            .map(String::from),
        html_url: node.get("url").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).map(String::from),
        issue_url: None,
        author_association: None,
    })
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
    use tokio::net::TcpListener;

    async fn spawn_truncated_body_server(body_prefix: &'static str) -> String {
        let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
        let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();

        tokio::spawn(async move {
            let (mut socket, _) = listener.accept().await.unwrap();
            let mut buf = [0u8; 4096];
            let _ = socket.read(&mut buf).await;

            let declared_len = body_prefix.len() + 32;
            let response = format!(
                "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\ncontent-type: application/json\r\ncontent-length: {declared_len}\r\nconnection: close\r\n\r\n{body_prefix}"
            );
            socket.write_all(response.as_bytes()).await.unwrap();
            socket.shutdown().await.unwrap();
        });

        format!("http://{addr}")
    }

    fn test_client() -> GhHttp {
        GhHttp {
            client: reqwest::Client::new(),
            token_resolver: Arc::new(crate::github::token::TokenResolver::default_env()),
            cached_username: OnceLock::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Verify `GhHttp::new()` returns `Ok` and does not panic on construction.
    ///
    /// This test guards against regressions where `GhHttp::new()` might panic
    /// (e.g., if TLS initialisation fails or the builder API changes).
    #[test]
    fn gh_http_new_returns_ok() {
        let result = GhHttp::new();
        assert!(
            result.is_ok(),
            "GhHttp::new() must not panic and must return Ok; got: {:?}",
            result.err()
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn batch_get_issue_states_query_includes_labels_pagination() {
        let issue_numbers = [1u64, 2, 3];

        let aliases: String = issue_numbers
            .iter()
            .map(|n| {
                format!("issue{n}: issue(number: {n}) {{ state labels(first: 100) {{ nodes {{ name }} }} }}")
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join(" ");

        let query = format!(
            r#"query($owner: String!, $name: String!) {{ repository(owner: $owner, name: $name) {{ {aliases} }} }}"#
        );
        assert!(query.contains("$owner"));
        assert!(query.contains("$name"));
        assert!(query.contains("issue1: issue(number: 1)"));
        assert!(query.contains("issue3: issue(number: 3)"));
        assert!(query.contains("labels(first: 100)"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_positive_issue_number_accepts_positive_values() {
        assert_eq!(parse_positive_issue_number("42").unwrap(), 42);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_positive_issue_number_rejects_zero() {
        let err = parse_positive_issue_number("0").unwrap_err().to_string();
        assert!(err.contains("invalid issue number: 0"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_positive_issue_number_rejects_internal_ids() {
        let err = parse_positive_issue_number("internal:5")
            .unwrap_err()
            .to_string();
        assert!(err.contains("invalid issue number: internal:5"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn pr_review_batch_query_includes_page_info_for_nested_connections() {
        let query = build_pr_review_alias(42);

        assert!(query.contains("reviews(first: 50)"));
        assert!(query.contains("reviews(first: 50) {\n    nodes"));
        assert!(query.contains("pageInfo { hasNextPage }"));
        assert!(query.contains("reviewThreads(first: 50)"));
        assert!(query.contains("comments(first: 20)"));
        assert!(query.contains("pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }"));
        assert!(query.contains("updatedAt"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn pr_issue_comments_page_query_uses_cursor_pagination() {
        let (query, vars) = build_pr_issue_comments_page_query("owner", "repo", 42, "cursor123");

        assert!(query.contains("pullRequest(number: $number)"));
        assert!(query.contains("comments(first: 100, after: $after)"));
        assert!(query.contains("pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }"));
        assert!(query.contains("updatedAt"));
        assert_eq!(vars["owner"], "owner");
        assert_eq!(vars["name"], "repo");
        assert_eq!(vars["number"], 42);
        assert_eq!(vars["after"], "cursor123");
    }

    #[test]
    fn connection_end_cursor_only_returns_cursor_when_more_pages_exist() {
        let page_info = serde_json::json!({
            "hasNextPage": true,
            "endCursor": "cursor123"
        });
        assert_eq!(
            connection_end_cursor(Some(&page_info)),
            Some("cursor123".to_string())
        );

        let final_page = serde_json::json!({
            "hasNextPage": false,
            "endCursor": "cursor456"
        });
        assert_eq!(connection_end_cursor(Some(&final_page)), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn status_label_colors_match_bash_palette() {
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:new"), "0e8a16");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:routed"), "1d76db");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:in_progress"), "fbca04");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:done"), "6f42c1");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:blocked"), "d73a4a");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:in_review"), "0075ca");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("status:needs_review"), "e4e669");
    }

    #[test]
    fn unknown_label_gets_default_color() {
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("agent:claude"), "c5def5");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color("enhancement"), "c5def5");
        assert_eq!(status_label_color(""), "c5def5");
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_finds_next_url() {
        let mut headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        headers.insert(
            "link",
            "<https://api.github.com/repos/foo/bar/issues?page=2>; rel=\"next\", <https://api.github.com/repos/foo/bar/issues?page=5>; rel=\"last\""
                .parse()
                .unwrap(),
        );
        assert_eq!(
            parse_link_next(&headers),
            Some("https://api.github.com/repos/foo/bar/issues?page=2".to_string())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_none_when_no_next() {
        let mut headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        headers.insert(
            "link",
            "<https://api.github.com/repos/foo/bar/issues?page=1>; rel=\"prev\""
                .parse()
                .unwrap(),
        );
        assert_eq!(parse_link_next(&headers), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_none_when_missing() {
        let headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        assert_eq!(parse_link_next(&headers), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_none_when_malformed() {
        let mut headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        // Malformed: no angle-bracket URL, just garbage
        headers.insert("link", "garbage; rel=\"next\"".parse().unwrap());
        assert_eq!(parse_link_next(&headers), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_none_when_gt_before_lt() {
        let mut headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        headers.insert("link", ">junk; rel=\"next\"; <url>".parse().unwrap());
        assert_eq!(parse_link_next(&headers), None); // should not panic
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link_next_none_when_empty_url() {
        let mut headers = header::HeaderMap::new();
        headers.insert("link", "<>; rel=\"next\"".parse().unwrap());
        assert_eq!(parse_link_next(&headers), None);
    }

    fn make_rl(base_secs: u64, max_secs: u64) -> RateLimit {
        RateLimit {
            remaining: None,
            reset_at: None,
            backoff_until: None,
            backoff_delay: Duration::ZERO,
            backoff_base: Duration::from_secs(base_secs),
            backoff_max: Duration::from_secs(max_secs),
            throttle_threshold: 10,
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_inactive_by_default() {
        let rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_backoff_activates() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(5, 60);
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_some());
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::from_secs(5));
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_backoff_doubles() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(5, 60);
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::from_secs(5));
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::from_secs(10));
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::from_secs(20));
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_backoff_caps_at_max() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 60);
        rl.record_rate_limit(); // 30
        rl.record_rate_limit(); // 60
        rl.record_rate_limit(); // capped at 60
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::from_secs(60));
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_success_resets() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(5, 60);
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_some());
        rl.record_success();
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_none());
        assert_eq!(rl.backoff_delay, Duration::ZERO);
    }

    #[test]
    fn page_cache_key_separates_types_and_queries() {
        let a = page_cache_key::<GitHubIssue>("/issues", Some(&[("state", "open")])).unwrap();
        let b = page_cache_key::<GitHubIssue>("/issues", Some(&[("state", "closed")])).unwrap();
        let c = page_cache_key::<serde_json::Value>("/issues", Some(&[("state", "open")])).unwrap();
        assert_ne!(a, b);
        assert_ne!(a, c);
        assert_eq!(
            a,
            page_cache_key::<GitHubIssue>("/issues", Some(&[("state", "open")])).unwrap()
        );
    }

    /// `since` is derived from the clock, so the key would never recur.
    #[test]
    fn page_cache_key_skips_since_filtered_requests() {
        assert!(page_cache_key::<GitHubIssue>(
            "/issues",
            Some(&[("state", "closed"), ("since", "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z")])
        )
        .is_none());
        // Also when it arrives embedded in a Link: next URL.
        assert!(
            page_cache_key::<GitHubIssue>("/issues?since=2026-10-01T00:00:00Z&page=2", None)
                .is_none()
        );
    }

    /// A limiter with no quota left and a reset an hour out: the check must return an
    /// error straight away. Sleeping here is what froze the tick loop for 504s.
    #[test]
    fn low_quota_fails_fast_instead_of_waiting_for_reset() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        rl.remaining = Some(0);
        rl.reset_at = Some(
            std::time::SystemTime::now()
                .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
                .unwrap()
                .as_secs()
                + 3600,
        );
        let cell = Mutex::new(rl);

        let start = Instant::now();
        let err = check_rate_limit_backoff(&cell, "REST").unwrap_err();
        assert!(
            start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1),
            "check blocked for {:?}",
            start.elapsed()
        );
        assert!(err.to_string().contains("rate-limited"), "{err}");
    }

    /// Quota above the reserve is not a reason to skip the call.
    #[test]
    fn healthy_quota_passes_the_check() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        rl.remaining = Some(4000);
        rl.reset_at = Some(u64::MAX / 2);
        let cell = Mutex::new(rl);
        assert!(check_rate_limit_backoff(&cell, "REST").is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_proactive_pause() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        // Simulate: 0 remaining (below default threshold of 10), reset 60s in the future
        rl.remaining = Some(0);
        let future_epoch = std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_secs()
            + 60;
        rl.reset_at = Some(future_epoch);
        let pause = rl.is_active();
        assert!(pause.is_some());
        // Should be roughly 60 seconds (within tolerance, +1s buffer added)
        assert!(pause.unwrap().as_secs() <= 62);
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_proactive_pause_threshold() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        // remaining=15 is above default threshold of 10 — no proactive wait
        rl.remaining = Some(15);
        let future_epoch = std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_secs()
            + 60;
        rl.reset_at = Some(future_epoch);
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_none());

        // remaining=5 is below threshold — proactive wait activates
        rl.remaining = Some(5);
        assert!(rl.is_active().is_some());
    }

    #[test]
    fn combined_status_state_treats_empty_checks_as_pending_when_workflows_exist() {
        // No check runs yet and GitHub hasn't said it's clean → pending (wait for CI to queue)
        assert_eq!(
            GhHttp::combined_status_state(0, 0, 0, true, None),
            "pending"
        );
        // No workflows configured → no need to wait
        assert_eq!(
            GhHttp::combined_status_state(0, 0, 0, false, None),
            "success"
        );
        // Failing check → failure regardless
        assert_eq!(
            GhHttp::combined_status_state(3, 1, 0, true, None),
            "failure"
        );
        // paths-ignore filtered out all workflows: no check runs but GitHub says "clean"
        assert_eq!(
            GhHttp::combined_status_state(0, 0, 0, true, Some("clean")),
            "success"
        );
        // mergeable_state is dirty/blocked — still pending even with has_workflows
        assert_eq!(
            GhHttp::combined_status_state(0, 0, 0, true, Some("dirty")),
            "pending"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn batch_is_pr_merged_by_branch_errors_when_repository_data_missing() {
        let resp = serde_json::json!({
            "data": {},
            "errors": [{ "message": "Something went wrong" }],
        });

        let err_text = GhHttp::parse_batch_pr_merged_response(&resp, &["branch".to_string()])
            .unwrap_err()
            .to_string();
        assert!(err_text.contains("missing /data/repository in GraphQL response"));
        assert!(err_text.contains("Something went wrong"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn rate_limit_uses_reset_at_for_backoff() {
        let mut rl = make_rl(30, 900);
        // Set reset_at to 45s in the future
        let future_epoch = std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_secs()
            + 45;
        rl.reset_at = Some(future_epoch);
        rl.record_rate_limit();
        // Backoff should use reset_at (~46s) not the base (30s)
        assert!(rl.backoff_delay.as_secs() >= 45);
        assert!(rl.backoff_delay.as_secs() <= 47);
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn send_with_retries_propagates_make_req_error() {
        let guard = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");
        let gh = test_client();
        let result = gh
            .send_with_retries(
                || Err(anyhow::anyhow!("simulated request clone failure")),
                false,
            )
            .await;
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
        assert_eq!(err, "simulated request clone failure");
        match guard {
            Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
            None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    /// A transport-level failure (connection refused — GitHub never reached)
    /// must exhaust retries without tripping the shared "github:5xx" circuit
    /// breaker: that breaker is read by the routing-phase skip and other
    /// subsystems as a signal specifically about GitHub's health, which a
    /// local connectivity blip says nothing about.
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn send_with_retries_transport_error_does_not_trip_5xx_breaker() {
        let guard = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");

        // Bind then immediately drop a listener to get a port nothing is
        // listening on, so connecting reliably fails with "connection refused"
        // rather than depending on an external unreachable host.
        let addr = {
            let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
            listener.local_addr().unwrap()
        };
        let url = format!("http://{addr}/");

        let gh = test_client();
        let make_req = || Ok(gh.client.get(&url));
        let result = gh.send_with_retries(make_req, false).await;

        assert!(result.is_err());
        assert!(
            !crate::engine::cooldown::is_agent_in_cooldown("github:5xx"),
            "transport error must not trip the github:5xx circuit breaker"
        );
        assert!(crate::engine::cooldown::cooldown_until("github:5xx").is_none());

        match guard {
            Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
            None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn post_json_raw_propagates_body_read_errors_on_success() {
        let guard = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");
        let server_url = spawn_truncated_body_server("{").await;
        let gh = test_client();

        let result = gh
            .post_json_raw(
                &format!("{server_url}/post"),
                &serde_json::json!({"ok": true}),
            )
            .await;

        let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
        assert!(
            !err.contains("EOF while parsing a value"),
            "should surface the body read error, got: {err}"
        );
        assert!(
            err.contains("error decoding response body")
                || err.contains("request or response body error")
                || err.contains("end of file before message length reached"),
            "expected a transport/body read error, got: {err}"
        );

        match guard {
            Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
            None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn patch_json_raw_propagates_body_read_errors_on_success() {
        let guard = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");
        let server_url = spawn_truncated_body_server("{").await;
        let gh = test_client();

        let result = gh
            .patch_json_raw(
                &format!("{server_url}/patch"),
                &serde_json::json!({"ok": true}),
            )
            .await;

        let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
        assert!(
            !err.contains("EOF while parsing a value"),
            "should surface the body read error, got: {err}"
        );
        assert!(
            err.contains("error decoding response body")
                || err.contains("request or response body error")
                || err.contains("end of file before message length reached"),
            "expected a transport/body read error, got: {err}"
        );

        match guard {
            Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
            None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn graphql_request_propagates_body_read_errors_on_success() {
        let guard = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");
        let server_url = spawn_truncated_body_server("{").await;
        let gh = test_client();
        let query = "query { viewer { login } }";

        let result = gh
            .graphql_request_to_url(
                &format!("{server_url}/graphql"),
                query,
                &[],
                Some(serde_json::json!({"k": "v"})),
            )
            .await;

        let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
        assert!(
            !err.contains("EOF while parsing a value"),
            "should surface the body read error, got: {err}"
        );
        assert!(
            err.contains("error decoding response body")
                || err.contains("request or response body error")
                || err.contains("end of file before message length reached"),
            "expected a transport/body read error, got: {err}"
        );

        match guard {
            Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
            None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
        }
    }

    // ── get_all_pages integration tests (wiremock) ────────────────────────

    #[cfg(test)]
    mod pagination {
        use super::super::*;
        use std::ffi::OsString;
        use std::sync::Arc;
        use wiremock::matchers::{method, path};
        use wiremock::{matchers, Match, Mock, MockServer, Request, ResponseTemplate};

        /// wiremock has no negated matcher, and the first poll must be matched on the
        /// absence of `If-None-Match` to tell it apart from the conditional one.
        struct NotMatcher<M>(M);

        impl<M: Match> Match for NotMatcher<M> {
            fn matches(&self, request: &Request) -> bool {
                !self.0.matches(request)
            }
        }

        struct EnvVarGuard {
            key: &'static str,
            previous: Option<OsString>,
        }

        impl EnvVarGuard {
            fn set(key: &'static str, value: &str) -> Self {
                let previous = std::env::var_os(key);
                std::env::set_var(key, value);
                Self { key, previous }
            }
        }

        impl Drop for EnvVarGuard {
            fn drop(&mut self) {
                match self.previous.take() {
                    Some(value) => std::env::set_var(self.key, value),
                    None => std::env::remove_var(self.key),
                }
            }
        }

        /// Build a minimal GhHttp pointing at a wiremock server.
        /// The token resolver reads GH_TOKEN; we set it to a dummy value.
        fn make_client() -> (GhHttp, EnvVarGuard) {
            // Ensure a token is available so auth_header() doesn't bail.
            let guard = EnvVarGuard::set("GH_TOKEN", "test_token");
            let client = GhHttp {
                client: reqwest::Client::new(),
                token_resolver: Arc::new(crate::github::token::TokenResolver::default_env()),
                cached_username: OnceLock::new(),
            };
            (client, guard)
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_single_page() {
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}])),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/items", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();

            assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
            assert_eq!(result[0]["id"], 1);
            assert_eq!(result[1]["id"], 2);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_follows_link_next() {
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            // Page 1 — includes Link header pointing to page 2
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 1}]))
                        .insert_header(
                            "Link",
                            format!("<{}/items/page2>; rel=\"next\"", server.uri()),
                        ),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            // Page 2 — no Link header (last page)
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items/page2"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 2}, {"id": 3}])),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/items", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();

            assert_eq!(result.len(), 3);
            assert_eq!(result[0]["id"], 1);
            assert_eq!(result[1]["id"], 2);
            assert_eq!(result[2]["id"], 3);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_stops_when_link_header_absent_on_subsequent_page() {
            // Simulates a proxy/transient response that drops the Link header mid-pagination.
            // The previous `.unwrap()` would panic here; the fix breaks the loop instead.
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 1}]))
                        .insert_header(
                            "Link",
                            format!("<{}/items/page2>; rel=\"next\"", server.uri()),
                        ),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            // Page 2 response has NO Link header — pagination should stop cleanly.
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items/page2"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 2}])),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/items", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();

            // Must not panic and must return both items collected so far.
            assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_stops_on_malformed_link_header() {
            // A malformed Link header (no angle-bracket URL) yields None from parse_link_next,
            // which should stop pagination rather than panic.
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"id": 1}]))
                        .insert_header("Link", "garbage; rel=\"next\""),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/items", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();

            // Malformed Link header → pagination stops after first page, no panic.
            assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_returns_error_on_malformed_json_body() {
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/items"))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_string("not valid json"))
                .expect(3)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/items", server.uri());
            let result = gh.get_all_pages::<serde_json::Value>(&url, &[]).await;

            assert!(result.is_err());
            let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
            assert!(
                err.contains("JSON decode failed") || err.contains("expected ident"),
                "error should mention JSON decode or serde error: {}",
                err
            );
        }

        // ── conditional request / rate-limit tests ───────────────────────────

        /// Restores the global REST limiter and the page cache, both of which these two
        /// tests have to poison to exercise the real request path.
        struct GlobalStateGuard;

        impl Drop for GlobalStateGuard {
            fn drop(&mut self) {
                if let Ok(mut rl) = REST_RATE_LIMIT.lock() {
                    *rl = RateLimit::new();
                }
                if let Ok(mut cache) = PAGE_CACHE.lock() {
                    cache.clear();
                }
            }
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_replays_body_on_304() {
            let _reset = GlobalStateGuard;
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            // First poll: 200 with an ETag.
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/issues"))
                .and(matchers::header_exists("authorization"))
                .and(NotMatcher(matchers::header_exists("if-none-match")))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"number": 1}]))
                        .insert_header("ETag", "\"abc123\""),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            // Second poll: orch sends If-None-Match, GitHub answers 304 with no body.
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/issues"))
                .and(matchers::header("if-none-match", "\"abc123\""))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(304))
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/issues", server.uri());

            let first: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();
            let second: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();

            assert_eq!(first, second);
            assert_eq!(second.len(), 1);
            assert_eq!(second[0]["number"], 1);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn exhausted_quota_skips_further_calls_until_reset() {
            let _reset = GlobalStateGuard;
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            let reset_at = std::time::SystemTime::now()
                .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
                .unwrap()
                .as_secs()
                + 600;

            // One response, and only one: it reports an exhausted core quota, so every
            // later call must be skipped locally rather than sent.
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/issues"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!([{"number": 1}]))
                        .insert_header("x-ratelimit-remaining", "0")
                        .insert_header("x-ratelimit-reset", reset_at.to_string().as_str()),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/issues", server.uri());

            let first: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh.get_all_pages(&url, &[]).await.unwrap();
            assert_eq!(first.len(), 1);

            // The next call returns immediately instead of waiting out the 600s window.
            let start = Instant::now();
            let err = gh
                .get_all_pages::<serde_json::Value>(&url, &[("state", "open")])
                .await
                .unwrap_err();
            assert!(
                start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1),
                "call blocked for {:?} instead of failing fast",
                start.elapsed()
            );
            assert!(err.to_string().contains("rate-limited"), "{err}");

            // The engine reports the window from the same state the skip reads.
            let m = rate_limit_metrics();
            assert_eq!(m.rest_remaining, Some(0));
            assert_eq!(m.rest_reset_at, Some(reset_at));
            assert!(GhHttp::is_rate_limited().is_some());

            // `.expect(1)` on the mock is verified on drop: no second request went out.
        }

        // ── get_all_pages_from_wrapper tests ─────────────────────────────────

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_from_wrapper_single_page() {
            // Simulates GitHub's check-runs response: a wrapper object with the
            // array nested under a named field.
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/check-runs"))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_json(serde_json::json!({
                    "total_count": 2,
                    "check_runs": [{"id": 1, "name": "build"}, {"id": 2, "name": "test"}]
                })))
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/check-runs", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh
                .get_all_pages_from_wrapper(&url, "check_runs")
                .await
                .unwrap();

            assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
            assert_eq!(result[0]["id"], 1);
            assert_eq!(result[1]["id"], 2);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_from_wrapper_follows_link_next() {
            // Two-page check-runs response (common for repos with >100 distinct check names).
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/check-runs"))
                .respond_with(
                    ResponseTemplate::new(200)
                        .set_body_json(serde_json::json!({
                            "total_count": 3,
                            "check_runs": [{"id": 1, "name": "build"}]
                        }))
                        .insert_header(
                            "Link",
                            format!("<{}/check-runs/page2>; rel=\"next\"", server.uri()),
                        ),
                )
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/check-runs/page2"))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_json(serde_json::json!({
                    "total_count": 3,
                    "check_runs": [{"id": 2, "name": "lint"}, {"id": 3, "name": "test"}]
                })))
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/check-runs", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh
                .get_all_pages_from_wrapper(&url, "check_runs")
                .await
                .unwrap();

            assert_eq!(result.len(), 3);
            assert_eq!(result[0]["id"], 1);
            assert_eq!(result[1]["id"], 2);
            assert_eq!(result[2]["id"], 3);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_from_wrapper_empty_field_returns_empty_vec() {
            // When the array field is missing or empty, the function should return
            // an empty vec rather than erroring.
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/check-runs"))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_json(serde_json::json!({
                    "total_count": 0,
                    "check_runs": []
                })))
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/check-runs", server.uri());
            let result: Vec<serde_json::Value> = gh
                .get_all_pages_from_wrapper(&url, "check_runs")
                .await
                .unwrap();

            assert_eq!(result.len(), 0);
        }

        #[tokio::test]
        async fn get_all_pages_from_wrapper_error_on_non_success_status() {
            let server = MockServer::start().await;

            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .and(path("/check-runs"))
                .respond_with(ResponseTemplate::new(422).set_body_string("Unprocessable Entity"))
                .expect(1)
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let (gh, _guard) = make_client();
            let url = format!("{}/check-runs", server.uri());
            let result = gh
                .get_all_pages_from_wrapper::<serde_json::Value>(&url, "check_runs")
                .await;

            assert!(result.is_err());
            let err = result.unwrap_err().to_string();
            assert!(
                err.contains("422") || err.contains("failed"),
                "error should indicate failure: {err}"
            );
        }
    }

    // ── 401 token-refresh tests (wiremock) ────────────────────────────────

    #[cfg(test)]
    mod auth_retry {
        use super::test_client;
        use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
        use std::sync::Arc;
        use wiremock::matchers::method;
        use wiremock::{Mock, MockServer, Request, ResponseTemplate};

        fn bad_credentials() -> ResponseTemplate {
            ResponseTemplate::new(401).set_body_json(serde_json::json!({
                "message": "Bad credentials",
                "status": 401
            }))
        }

        #[allow(clippy::await_holding_lock)]
        #[tokio::test]
        async fn retries_once_with_fresh_token_after_401() {
            let _env_guard = crate::github::token::ENV_LOCK.lock().unwrap();
            let prev = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
            std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "bad_token");

            let server = MockServer::start().await;
            let hits = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
            let hits_in_handler = hits.clone();
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .respond_with(move |_req: &Request| {
                    if hits_in_handler.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst) == 0 {
                        // The 401 handler clears the cache and re-resolves; simulate the
                        // operator having fixed the env var in the meantime
                        std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "good_token");
                        bad_credentials()
                    } else {
                        ResponseTemplate::new(200).set_body_json(serde_json::json!({ "ok": true }))
                    }
                })
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let gh = test_client();
            let result: anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> =
                gh.get_json(&format!("{}/x", server.uri())).await;

            match prev {
                Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
                None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
            }

            assert!(
                result.is_ok(),
                "retry with re-resolved token should succeed: {:?}",
                result.err()
            );
            assert_eq!(hits.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 2, "exactly one retry expected");
        }

        #[allow(clippy::await_holding_lock)]
        #[tokio::test]
        async fn double_401_bails_with_distinct_auth_error() {
            let _env_guard = crate::github::token::ENV_LOCK.lock().unwrap();
            let prev = std::env::var_os("GH_TOKEN");
            std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", "bad_token");

            let server = MockServer::start().await;
            let hits = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
            let hits_in_handler = hits.clone();
            Mock::given(method("GET"))
                .respond_with(move |_req: &Request| {
                    hits_in_handler.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
                    bad_credentials()
                })
                .mount(&server)
                .await;

            let gh = test_client();
            let result: anyhow::Result<serde_json::Value> =
                gh.get_json(&format!("{}/x", server.uri())).await;

            match prev {
                Some(v) => std::env::set_var("GH_TOKEN", v),
                None => std::env::remove_var("GH_TOKEN"),
            }

            let err = result.expect_err("persisting 401 must fail").to_string();
            assert!(
                err.contains("token re-resolved after cache clear but still rejected"),
                "expected distinct auth-failure error, got: {err}"
            );
            assert_eq!(
                hits.load(Ordering::SeqCst),
                2,
                "must retry exactly once, not loop"
            );
        }
    }
}