nu_command/bytes/
at.rs

1use std::ops::Bound;
2
3use nu_cmd_base::input_handler::{CmdArgument, operate};
4use nu_engine::command_prelude::*;
5use nu_protocol::{IntRange, Range};
6
7#[derive(Clone)]
8pub struct BytesAt;
9
10struct Arguments {
11    range: IntRange,
12    cell_paths: Option<Vec<CellPath>>,
13}
14
15impl CmdArgument for Arguments {
16    fn take_cell_paths(&mut self) -> Option<Vec<CellPath>> {
17        self.cell_paths.take()
18    }
19}
20
21impl Command for BytesAt {
22    fn name(&self) -> &str {
23        "bytes at"
24    }
25
26    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
27        Signature::build("bytes at")
28            .input_output_types(vec![
29                (Type::Binary, Type::Binary),
30                (
31                    Type::List(Box::new(Type::Binary)),
32                    Type::List(Box::new(Type::Binary)),
33                ),
34                (Type::table(), Type::table()),
35                (Type::record(), Type::record()),
36            ])
37            .allow_variants_without_examples(true)
38            .required("range", SyntaxShape::Range, "The range to get bytes.")
39            .rest(
40                "rest",
41                SyntaxShape::CellPath,
42                "For a data structure input, get bytes from data at the given cell paths.",
43            )
44            .category(Category::Bytes)
45    }
46
47    fn description(&self) -> &str {
48        "Get bytes defined by a range."
49    }
50
51    fn search_terms(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
52        vec!["slice"]
53    }
54
55    fn run(
56        &self,
57        engine_state: &EngineState,
58        stack: &mut Stack,
59        call: &Call,
60        input: PipelineData,
61    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
62        let range = match call.req(engine_state, stack, 0)? {
63            Range::IntRange(range) => range,
64            _ => {
65                return Err(ShellError::UnsupportedInput {
66                    msg: "Float ranges are not supported for byte streams".into(),
67                    input: "value originates from here".into(),
68                    msg_span: call.head,
69                    input_span: call.head,
70                });
71            }
72        };
73
74        let cell_paths: Vec<CellPath> = call.rest(engine_state, stack, 1)?;
75        let cell_paths = (!cell_paths.is_empty()).then_some(cell_paths);
76
77        if let PipelineData::ByteStream(stream, metadata) = input {
78            let stream = stream.slice(call.head, call.arguments_span(), range)?;
79            Ok(PipelineData::ByteStream(stream, metadata))
80        } else {
81            operate(
82                map_value,
83                Arguments { range, cell_paths },
84                input,
85                call.head,
86                engine_state.signals(),
87            )
88        }
89    }
90
91    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
92        vec![
93            Example {
94                description: "Extract bytes starting from a specific index",
95                example: "{ data: 0x[33 44 55 10 01 13 10] } | bytes at 3.. data",
96                result: Some(Value::test_record(record! {
97                    "data" => Value::test_binary(vec![0x10, 0x01, 0x13, 0x10]),
98                })),
99            },
100            Example {
101                description: "Slice out `0x[10 01 13]` from `0x[33 44 55 10 01 13]`",
102                example: "0x[33 44 55 10 01 13] | bytes at 3..5",
103                result: Some(Value::test_binary(vec![0x10, 0x01, 0x13])),
104            },
105            Example {
106                description: "Extract bytes from the start up to a specific index",
107                example: "0x[33 44 55 10 01 13 10] | bytes at ..4",
108                result: Some(Value::test_binary(vec![0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x10, 0x01])),
109            },
110            Example {
111                description: "Extract byte `0x[10]` using an exclusive end index",
112                example: "0x[33 44 55 10 01 13 10] | bytes at 3..<4",
113                result: Some(Value::test_binary(vec![0x10])),
114            },
115            Example {
116                description: "Extract bytes up to a negative index (inclusive)",
117                example: "0x[33 44 55 10 01 13 10] | bytes at ..-4",
118                result: Some(Value::test_binary(vec![0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x10])),
119            },
120            Example {
121                description: "Slice bytes across multiple table columns",
122                example: r#"[[ColA ColB ColC]; [0x[11 12 13] 0x[14 15 16] 0x[17 18 19]]] | bytes at 1.. ColB ColC"#,
123                result: Some(Value::test_list(vec![Value::test_record(record! {
124                    "ColA" => Value::test_binary(vec![0x11, 0x12, 0x13]),
125                    "ColB" => Value::test_binary(vec![0x15, 0x16]),
126                    "ColC" => Value::test_binary(vec![0x18, 0x19]),
127                })])),
128            },
129            Example {
130                description: "Extract the last three bytes using a negative start index",
131                example: "0x[33 44 55 10 01 13 10] | bytes at (-3)..",
132                result: Some(Value::test_binary(vec![0x01, 0x13, 0x10])),
133            },
134        ]
135    }
136}
137
138fn map_value(input: &Value, args: &Arguments, head: Span) -> Value {
139    let range = &args.range;
140    match input {
141        Value::Binary { val, .. } => {
142            let len = val.len() as u64;
143            let start: u64 = range.absolute_start(len);
144            let _start: usize = match start.try_into() {
145                Ok(start) => start,
146                Err(_) => {
147                    let span = input.span();
148                    return Value::error(
149                        ShellError::UnsupportedInput {
150                            msg: format!(
151                                "Absolute start position {start} was too large for your system arch."
152                            ),
153                            input: args.range.to_string(),
154                            msg_span: span,
155                            input_span: span,
156                        },
157                        head,
158                    );
159                }
160            };
161
162            let (start, end) = range.absolute_bounds(val.len());
163            let bytes: Vec<u8> = match end {
164                Bound::Unbounded => val[start..].into(),
165                Bound::Included(end) => val[start..=end].into(),
166                Bound::Excluded(end) => val[start..end].into(),
167            };
168
169            Value::binary(bytes, head)
170        }
171        Value::Error { .. } => input.clone(),
172        other => Value::error(
173            ShellError::UnsupportedInput {
174                msg: "Only binary values are supported".into(),
175                input: format!("input type: {:?}", other.get_type()),
176                msg_span: head,
177                input_span: other.span(),
178            },
179            head,
180        ),
181    }
182}
183
184#[cfg(test)]
185mod test {
186    use super::*;
187
188    #[test]
189    fn test_examples() {
190        use crate::test_examples;
191        test_examples(BytesAt {})
192    }
193}