nu_command/filters/

first.rs

use nu_engine::command_prelude::*;
use nu_protocol::{Signals, shell_error::io::IoError};
use std::io::Read;

#[cfg(feature = "sqlite")]
use crate::database::SQLiteQueryBuilder;

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct First;

impl Command for First {
    fn name(&self) -> &str {
        "first"
    }

    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
        Signature::build("first")
            .input_output_types(vec![
                (
                    // TODO: This is too permissive; if we could express this
                    // using a type parameter it would be List<T> -> T.
                    Type::List(Box::new(Type::Any)),
                    Type::Any,
                ),
                (Type::Binary, Type::Binary),
                (Type::Range, Type::Any),
            ])
            .optional(
                "rows",
                SyntaxShape::Int,
                "Starting from the front, the number of rows to return.",
            )
            .switch("strict", "Throw an error if input is empty.", Some('s'))
            .allow_variants_without_examples(true)
            .category(Category::Filters)
    }

    fn search_terms(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
        vec!["head"]
    }

    fn description(&self) -> &str {
        "Return only the first several rows of the input. Counterpart of `last`. Opposite of `skip`."
    }

    fn run(
        &self,
        engine_state: &EngineState,
        stack: &mut Stack,
        call: &Call,
        input: PipelineData,
    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
        first_helper(engine_state, stack, call, input)
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example<'_>> {
        vec![
            Example {
                description: "Return the first item of a list/table.",
                example: "[1 2 3] | first",
                result: Some(Value::test_int(1)),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Return the first 2 items of a list/table.",
                example: "[1 2 3] | first 2",
                result: Some(Value::list(
                    vec![Value::test_int(1), Value::test_int(2)],
                    Span::test_data(),
                )),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Return the first 2 bytes of a binary value.",
                example: "0x[01 23 45] | first 2",
                result: Some(Value::binary(vec![0x01, 0x23], Span::test_data())),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Return the first item of a range.",
                example: "1..3 | first",
                result: Some(Value::test_int(1)),
            },
        ]
    }
}

fn first_helper(
    engine_state: &EngineState,
    stack: &mut Stack,
    call: &Call,
    input: PipelineData,
) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
    let head = call.head;
    let rows: Option<Spanned<i64>> = call.opt(engine_state, stack, 0)?;
    let strict_mode = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "strict")?;

    // FIXME: for backwards compatibility reasons, if `rows` is not specified we
    // return a single element and otherwise we return a single list. We should probably
    // remove `rows` so that `first` always returns a single element; getting a list of
    // the first N elements is covered by `take`
    let return_single_element = rows.is_none();
    let rows = if let Some(rows) = rows {
        if rows.item < 0 {
            return Err(ShellError::NeedsPositiveValue { span: rows.span });
        } else {
            rows.item as usize
        }
    } else {
        1
    };

    let mut input = input;
    let input_meta = input.take_metadata();

    // Count is 0: return empty data immediately.
    //
    // The main `match` below is not safe for this case-byte streams can still be read from the
    // pipe, and sqlite lazy queries can still run. For "take nothing" we only produce an empty
    // value: empty binary (and clear pipeline `content_type` for binary) or an empty list, with
    // other metadata unchanged.
    if rows == 0 {
        return match input {
            PipelineData::Value(val, _) if matches!(&val, Value::Binary { .. }) => Ok(
                Value::binary(Vec::new(), val.span()).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(
                    input_meta.map(|m| m.with_content_type(None)),
                ),
            ),
            PipelineData::ByteStream(stream, _) => {
                if stream.type_().is_binary_coercible() {
                    let span = stream.span();
                    Ok(
                        Value::binary(Vec::new(), span).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(
                            input_meta.map(|m| m.with_content_type(None)),
                        ),
                    )
                } else {
                    Ok(Value::list(Vec::new(), head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                }
            }
            _ => Ok(Value::list(Vec::new(), head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta)),
        };
    }

    match input {
        PipelineData::Value(val, _) => {
            let span = val.span();
            match val {
                Value::List { mut vals, .. } => {
                    if return_single_element {
                        if let Some(val) = vals.first_mut() {
                            Ok(std::mem::take(val).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                        } else if strict_mode {
                            Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                        } else {
                            // There are no values, so return nothing instead of an error so
                            // that users can pipe this through 'default' if they want to.
                            Ok(Value::nothing(head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                        }
                    } else {
                        vals.truncate(rows);
                        Ok(Value::list(vals, span).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                    }
                }
                Value::Binary { mut val, .. } => {
                    // A slice (or single byte as int) is not the whole file/stream; drop MIME.
                    let binary_meta = input_meta.map(|m| m.with_content_type(None));
                    if return_single_element {
                        if let Some(&val) = val.first() {
                            Ok(Value::int(val.into(), span)
                                .into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(binary_meta))
                        } else if strict_mode {
                            Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                        } else {
                            // There are no values, so return nothing instead of an error so
                            // that users can pipe this through 'default' if they want to.
                            Ok(Value::nothing(head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(binary_meta))
                        }
                    } else {
                        val.truncate(rows);
                        Ok(Value::binary(val, span).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(binary_meta))
                    }
                }
                Value::Range { val, .. } => {
                    let mut iter = val.into_range_iter(span, Signals::empty());
                    if return_single_element {
                        if let Some(v) = iter.next() {
                            Ok(v.into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                        } else if strict_mode {
                            Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                        } else {
                            // There are no values, so return nothing instead of an error so
                            // that users can pipe this through 'default' if they want to.
                            Ok(Value::nothing(head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                        }
                    } else {
                        Ok(iter.take(rows).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(
                            span,
                            engine_state.signals().clone(),
                            input_meta,
                        ))
                    }
                }
                // Propagate errors by explicitly matching them before the final case.
                Value::Error { error, .. } => Err(*error),
                #[cfg(feature = "sqlite")]
                // Pushdown optimization: handle 'first' on SQLiteQueryBuilder for lazy SQL execution
                Value::Custom {
                    val: custom_val,
                    internal_span,
                    ..
                } => {
                    if let Some(table) = custom_val.as_any().downcast_ref::<SQLiteQueryBuilder>() {
                        if return_single_element {
                            // For single element, limit 1
                            let new_table = table.clone().with_limit(1);
                            let result = new_table.execute(head)?;
                            let value = result.into_value(head)?;
                            if let Value::List { vals, .. } = value {
                                if let Some(val) = vals.into_iter().next() {
                                    Ok(val.into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                                } else if strict_mode {
                                    Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                                } else {
                                    // There are no values, so return nothing instead of an error so
                                    // that users can pipe this through 'default' if they want to.
                                    Ok(Value::nothing(head)
                                        .into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                                }
                            } else {
                                Err(ShellError::NushellFailed {
                                    msg: "Expected list from SQLiteQueryBuilder".into(),
                                })
                            }
                        } else {
                            // For multiple, limit rows
                            let new_table = table.clone().with_limit(rows as i64);
                            new_table
                                .execute(head)
                                .map(|data| data.set_metadata(input_meta))
                        }
                    } else {
                        Err(ShellError::OnlySupportsThisInputType {
                            exp_input_type: "list, binary or range".into(),
                            wrong_type: custom_val.type_name(),
                            dst_span: head,
                            src_span: internal_span,
                        })
                    }
                }
                other => Err(ShellError::OnlySupportsThisInputType {
                    exp_input_type: "list, binary or range".into(),
                    wrong_type: other.get_type().to_string(),
                    dst_span: head,
                    src_span: other.span(),
                }),
            }
        }
        PipelineData::ListStream(stream, _) => {
            if return_single_element {
                if let Some(v) = stream.into_iter().next() {
                    Ok(v.into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                } else if strict_mode {
                    Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                } else {
                    // There are no values, so return nothing instead of an error so
                    // that users can pipe this through 'default' if they want to.
                    Ok(Value::nothing(head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(input_meta))
                }
            } else {
                Ok(PipelineData::list_stream(
                    stream.modify(|iter| iter.take(rows)),
                    input_meta,
                ))
            }
        }
        PipelineData::ByteStream(stream, _) => {
            if stream.type_().is_binary_coercible() {
                let span = stream.span();
                let metadata = input_meta.map(|m| m.with_content_type(None));
                if let Some(mut reader) = stream.reader() {
                    if return_single_element {
                        // Take a single byte
                        let mut byte = [0u8];
                        if reader
                            .read(&mut byte)
                            .map_err(|err| IoError::new(err, span, None))?
                            > 0
                        {
                            Ok(Value::int(byte[0] as i64, head)
                                .into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(metadata))
                        } else {
                            Err(ShellError::AccessEmptyContent { span: head })
                        }
                    } else {
                        // Just take 'rows' bytes off the stream, mimicking the binary behavior
                        Ok(PipelineData::byte_stream(
                            ByteStream::read(
                                reader.take(rows as u64),
                                head,
                                Signals::empty(),
                                ByteStreamType::Binary,
                            ),
                            metadata,
                        ))
                    }
                } else {
                    Ok(Value::nothing(head).into_pipeline_data_with_metadata(metadata))
                }
            } else {
                Err(ShellError::OnlySupportsThisInputType {
                    exp_input_type: "list, binary or range".into(),
                    wrong_type: stream.type_().describe().into(),
                    dst_span: head,
                    src_span: stream.span(),
                })
            }
        }
        PipelineData::Empty => Err(ShellError::OnlySupportsThisInputType {
            exp_input_type: "list, binary or range".into(),
            wrong_type: "null".into(),
            dst_span: call.head,
            src_span: call.head,
        }),
    }
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;
    #[test]
    fn test_examples() -> nu_test_support::Result {
        nu_test_support::test().examples(First)
    }
}