Type Definition nalgebra::geometry::UnitQuaternion

type UnitQuaternion<N> = Unit<Quaternion<N>>;

A unit quaternions. May be used to represent a rotation.

Methods

impl<N: RealField> UnitQuaternion<N>

pub fn into_owned(self) -> Self

Deprecated:

This method is unnecessary and will be removed in a future release. Use .clone() instead.

Moves this unit quaternion into one that owns its data.

pub fn clone_owned(&self) -> Self

Deprecated:

This method is unnecessary and will be removed in a future release. Use .clone() instead.

Clones this unit quaternion into one that owns its data.

pub fn angle(&self) -> N

The rotation angle in [0; pi] of this unit quaternion.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, 1.78);
assert_eq!(rot.angle(), 1.78);

pub fn quaternion(&self) -> &Quaternion<N>

The underlying quaternion.

Same as self.as_ref().

Example

let axis = UnitQuaternion::identity();
assert_eq!(*axis.quaternion(), Quaternion::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));

pub fn conjugate(&self) -> Self

Compute the conjugate of this unit quaternion.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, 1.78);
let conj = rot.conjugate();
assert_eq!(conj, UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&-axis, 1.78));

pub fn inverse(&self) -> Self

Inverts this quaternion if it is not zero.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, 1.78);
let inv = rot.inverse();
assert_eq!(rot * inv, UnitQuaternion::identity());
assert_eq!(inv * rot, UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn angle_to(&self, other: &Self) -> N

The rotation angle needed to make self and other coincide.

Example

let rot1 = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), 1.0);
let rot2 = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::x_axis(), 0.1);
assert_relative_eq!(rot1.angle_to(&rot2), 1.0045657, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn rotation_to(&self, other: &Self) -> Self

The unit quaternion needed to make self and other coincide.

The result is such that: self.rotation_to(other) * self == other.

Example

let rot1 = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), 1.0);
let rot2 = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::x_axis(), 0.1);
let rot_to = rot1.rotation_to(&rot2);
assert_relative_eq!(rot_to * rot1, rot2, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn lerp(&self, other: &Self, t: N) -> Quaternion<N>

Linear interpolation between two unit quaternions.

The result is not normalized.

Example

let q1 = UnitQuaternion::new_normalize(Quaternion::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
let q2 = UnitQuaternion::new_normalize(Quaternion::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
assert_eq!(q1.lerp(&q2, 0.1), Quaternion::new(0.9, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0));

pub fn nlerp(&self, other: &Self, t: N) -> Self

Normalized linear interpolation between two unit quaternions.

This is the same as self.lerp except that the result is normalized.

Example

let q1 = UnitQuaternion::new_normalize(Quaternion::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
let q2 = UnitQuaternion::new_normalize(Quaternion::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
assert_eq!(q1.nlerp(&q2, 0.1), UnitQuaternion::new_normalize(Quaternion::new(0.9, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0)));

pub fn slerp(&self, other: &Self, t: N) -> Self

Spherical linear interpolation between two unit quaternions.

Panics if the angle between both quaternion is 180 degrees (in which case the interpolation is not well-defined). Use .try_slerp instead to avoid the panic.

pub fn try_slerp(&self, other: &Self, t: N, epsilon: N) -> Option<Self>

Computes the spherical linear interpolation between two unit quaternions or returns None if both quaternions are approximately 180 degrees apart (in which case the interpolation is not well-defined).

Arguments

• self: the first quaternion to interpolate from.
• other: the second quaternion to interpolate toward.
• t: the interpolation parameter. Should be between 0 and 1.
• epsilon: the value below which the sinus of the angle separating both quaternion must be to return None.

pub fn conjugate_mut(&mut self)

Compute the conjugate of this unit quaternion in-place.

pub fn inverse_mut(&mut self)

Inverts this quaternion if it is not zero.

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::new(0.1, 0.2, 0.3);
let mut rot = UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle);
rot.inverse_mut();
assert_relative_eq!(rot * UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle), UnitQuaternion::identity());
assert_relative_eq!(UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle) * rot, UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn axis(&self) -> Option<Unit<Vector3<N>>>

The rotation axis of this unit quaternion or None if the rotation is zero.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let angle = 1.2;
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, angle);
assert_eq!(rot.axis(), Some(axis));

// Case with a zero angle.
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, 0.0);
assert!(rot.axis().is_none());

pub fn scaled_axis(&self) -> Vector3<N>

The rotation axis of this unit quaternion multiplied by the rotation angle.

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::new(0.1, 0.2, 0.3);
let rot = UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle);
assert_relative_eq!(rot.scaled_axis(), axisangle, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn axis_angle(&self) -> Option<(Unit<Vector3<N>>, N)>

The rotation axis and angle in ]0, pi] of this unit quaternion.

Returns None if the angle is zero.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let angle = 1.2;
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, angle);
assert_eq!(rot.axis_angle(), Some((axis, angle)));

// Case with a zero angle.
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, 0.0);
assert!(rot.axis_angle().is_none());

pub fn exp(&self) -> Quaternion<N>

Compute the exponential of a quaternion.

Note that this function yields a Quaternion<N> because it loses the unit property.

pub fn ln(&self) -> Quaternion<N>

Compute the natural logarithm of a quaternion.

Note that this function yields a Quaternion<N> because it loses the unit property. The vector part of the return value corresponds to the axis-angle representation (divided by 2.0) of this unit quaternion.

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::new(0.1, 0.2, 0.3);
let q = UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle);
assert_relative_eq!(q.ln().vector().into_owned(), axisangle, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn powf(&self, n: N) -> Self

Raise the quaternion to a given floating power.

This returns the unit quaternion that identifies a rotation with axis self.axis() and angle self.angle() × n.

Example

let axis = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let angle = 1.2;
let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, angle);
let pow = rot.powf(2.0);
assert_relative_eq!(pow.axis().unwrap(), axis, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_eq!(pow.angle(), 2.4);

pub fn to_rotation_matrix(&self) -> Rotation<N, U3>

Builds a rotation matrix from this unit quaternion.

Example

let q = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::z_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_6);
let rot = q.to_rotation_matrix();
let expected = Matrix3::new(0.8660254, -0.5,      0.0,
                            0.5,       0.8660254, 0.0,
                            0.0,       0.0,       1.0);

assert_relative_eq!(*rot.matrix(), expected, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn to_euler_angles(&self) -> (N, N, N)

Deprecated:

This is renamed to use .euler_angles().

Converts this unit quaternion into its equivalent Euler angles.

The angles are produced in the form (roll, pitch, yaw).

pub fn euler_angles(&self) -> (N, N, N)

Retrieves the euler angles corresponding to this unit quaternion.

The angles are produced in the form (roll, pitch, yaw).

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_euler_angles(0.1, 0.2, 0.3);
let euler = rot.euler_angles();
assert_relative_eq!(euler.0, 0.1, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(euler.1, 0.2, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(euler.2, 0.3, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn to_homogeneous(&self) -> Matrix4<N>

Converts this unit quaternion into its equivalent homogeneous transformation matrix.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::z_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_6);
let expected = Matrix4::new(0.8660254, -0.5,      0.0, 0.0,
                            0.5,       0.8660254, 0.0, 0.0,
                            0.0,       0.0,       1.0, 0.0,
                            0.0,       0.0,       0.0, 1.0);

assert_relative_eq!(rot.to_homogeneous(), expected, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn transform_point(&self, pt: &Point3<N>) -> Point3<N>

Rotate a point by this unit quaternion.

This is the same as the multiplication self * pt.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2);
let transformed_point = rot.transform_point(&Point3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));

assert_relative_eq!(transformed_point, Point3::new(3.0, 2.0, -1.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn transform_vector(&self, v: &Vector3<N>) -> Vector3<N>

Rotate a vector by this unit quaternion.

This is the same as the multiplication self * v.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2);
let transformed_vector = rot.transform_vector(&Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));

assert_relative_eq!(transformed_vector, Vector3::new(3.0, 2.0, -1.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn inverse_transform_point(&self, pt: &Point3<N>) -> Point3<N>

Rotate a point by the inverse of this unit quaternion. This may be cheaper than inverting the unit quaternion and transforming the point.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2);
let transformed_point = rot.inverse_transform_point(&Point3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));

assert_relative_eq!(transformed_point, Point3::new(-3.0, 2.0, 1.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn inverse_transform_vector(&self, v: &Vector3<N>) -> Vector3<N>

Rotate a vector by the inverse of this unit quaternion. This may be cheaper than inverting the unit quaternion and transforming the vector.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&Vector3::y_axis(), f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2);
let transformed_vector = rot.inverse_transform_vector(&Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));

assert_relative_eq!(transformed_vector, Vector3::new(-3.0, 2.0, 1.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

impl<N: RealField> UnitQuaternion<N>

pub fn identity() -> Self

The rotation identity.

Example

let q = UnitQuaternion::identity();
let q2 = UnitQuaternion::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let v = Vector3::new_random();
let p = Point3::from(v);

assert_eq!(q * q2, q2);
assert_eq!(q2 * q, q2);
assert_eq!(q * v, v);
assert_eq!(q * p, p);

pub fn from_axis_angle<SB>(axis: &Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>, angle: N) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates a new quaternion from a unit vector (the rotation axis) and an angle (the rotation angle).

Example

let axis = Vector3::y_axis();
let angle = f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
// Point and vector being transformed in the tests.
let pt = Point3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let vec = Vector3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::from_axis_angle(&axis, angle);

assert_eq!(q.axis().unwrap(), axis);
assert_eq!(q.angle(), angle);
assert_relative_eq!(q * pt, Point3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q * vec, Vector3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

// A zero vector yields an identity.
assert_eq!(UnitQuaternion::from_scaled_axis(Vector3::<f32>::zeros()), UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn from_quaternion(q: Quaternion<N>) -> Self

Creates a new unit quaternion from a quaternion.

The input quaternion will be normalized.

pub fn from_euler_angles(roll: N, pitch: N, yaw: N) -> Self

Creates a new unit quaternion from Euler angles.

The primitive rotations are applied in order: 1 roll − 2 pitch − 3 yaw.

Example

let rot = UnitQuaternion::from_euler_angles(0.1, 0.2, 0.3);
let euler = rot.euler_angles();
assert_relative_eq!(euler.0, 0.1, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(euler.1, 0.2, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(euler.2, 0.3, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn from_rotation_matrix(rotmat: &Rotation3<N>) -> Self

Builds an unit quaternion from a rotation matrix.

Example

let axis = Vector3::y_axis();
let angle = 0.1;
let rot = Rotation3::from_axis_angle(&axis, angle);
let q = UnitQuaternion::from_rotation_matrix(&rot);
assert_relative_eq!(q.to_rotation_matrix(), rot, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q.axis().unwrap(), rot.axis().unwrap(), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q.angle(), rot.angle(), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn from_matrix(m: &Matrix3<N>) -> Self

Builds an unit quaternion by extracting the rotation part of the given transformation m.

This is an iterative method. See .from_matrix_eps to provide mover convergence parameters and starting solution. This implements "A Robust Method to Extract the Rotational Part of Deformations" by Müller et al.

pub fn from_matrix_eps(
    m: &Matrix3<N>,
    eps: N,
    max_iter: usize,
    guess: Self
) -> Self

Builds an unit quaternion by extracting the rotation part of the given transformation m.

This implements "A Robust Method to Extract the Rotational Part of Deformations" by Müller et al.

Parameters

• m: the matrix from which the rotational part is to be extracted.
• eps: the angular errors tolerated between the current rotation and the optimal one.
• max_iter: the maximum number of iterations. Loops indefinitely until convergence if set to 0.
• guess: an estimate of the solution. Convergence will be significantly faster if an initial solution close to the actual solution is provided. Can be set to UnitQuaternion::identity() if no other guesses come to mind.

pub fn rotation_between<SB, SC>(
    a: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    b: &Vector<N, U3, SC>
) -> Option<Self> where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

The unit quaternion needed to make a and b be collinear and point toward the same direction.

Example

let a = Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
let b = Vector3::new(3.0, 1.0, 2.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::rotation_between(&a, &b).unwrap();
assert_relative_eq!(q * a, b);
assert_relative_eq!(q.inverse() * b, a);

pub fn scaled_rotation_between<SB, SC>(
    a: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    b: &Vector<N, U3, SC>,
    s: N
) -> Option<Self> where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

The smallest rotation needed to make a and b collinear and point toward the same direction, raised to the power s.

Example

let a = Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
let b = Vector3::new(3.0, 1.0, 2.0);
let q2 = UnitQuaternion::scaled_rotation_between(&a, &b, 0.2).unwrap();
let q5 = UnitQuaternion::scaled_rotation_between(&a, &b, 0.5).unwrap();
assert_relative_eq!(q2 * q2 * q2 * q2 * q2 * a, b, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q5 * q5 * a, b, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn rotation_between_axis<SB, SC>(
    a: &Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>,
    b: &Unit<Vector<N, U3, SC>>
) -> Option<Self> where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

The unit quaternion needed to make a and b be collinear and point toward the same direction.

Example

let a = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let b = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(3.0, 1.0, 2.0));
let q = UnitQuaternion::rotation_between(&a, &b).unwrap();
assert_relative_eq!(q * a, b);
assert_relative_eq!(q.inverse() * b, a);

pub fn scaled_rotation_between_axis<SB, SC>(
    na: &Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>,
    nb: &Unit<Vector<N, U3, SC>>,
    s: N
) -> Option<Self> where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

The smallest rotation needed to make a and b collinear and point toward the same direction, raised to the power s.

Example

let a = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
let b = Unit::new_normalize(Vector3::new(3.0, 1.0, 2.0));
let q2 = UnitQuaternion::scaled_rotation_between(&a, &b, 0.2).unwrap();
let q5 = UnitQuaternion::scaled_rotation_between(&a, &b, 0.5).unwrap();
assert_relative_eq!(q2 * q2 * q2 * q2 * q2 * a, b, epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q5 * q5 * a, b, epsilon = 1.0e-6);

pub fn face_towards<SB, SC>(
    dir: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    up: &Vector<N, U3, SC>
) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates an unit quaternion that corresponds to the local frame of an observer standing at the origin and looking toward dir.

It maps the z axis to the direction dir.

Arguments

• dir - The look direction. It does not need to be normalized.
• up - The vertical direction. It does not need to be normalized. The only requirement of this parameter is to not be collinear to dir. Non-collinearity is not checked.

Example

let dir = Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
let up = Vector3::y();

let q = UnitQuaternion::face_towards(&dir, &up);
assert_relative_eq!(q * Vector3::z(), dir.normalize());

pub fn new_observer_frames<SB, SC>(
    dir: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    up: &Vector<N, U3, SC>
) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

Deprecated:

renamed to face_towards

Deprecated: Use [UnitQuaternion::face_towards] instead.

pub fn look_at_rh<SB, SC>(
    dir: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    up: &Vector<N, U3, SC>
) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

Builds a right-handed look-at view matrix without translation.

It maps the view direction dir to the negative z axis. This conforms to the common notion of right handed look-at matrix from the computer graphics community.

Arguments

• dir − The view direction. It does not need to be normalized.
• up - A vector approximately aligned with required the vertical axis. It does not need to be normalized. The only requirement of this parameter is to not be collinear to dir.

Example

let dir = Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
let up = Vector3::y();

let q = UnitQuaternion::look_at_rh(&dir, &up);
assert_relative_eq!(q * dir.normalize(), -Vector3::z());

pub fn look_at_lh<SB, SC>(
    dir: &Vector<N, U3, SB>,
    up: &Vector<N, U3, SC>
) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>,
    SC: Storage<N, U3>, 

Builds a left-handed look-at view matrix without translation.

It maps the view direction dir to the positive z axis. This conforms to the common notion of left handed look-at matrix from the computer graphics community.

Arguments

• dir − The view direction. It does not need to be normalized.
• up - A vector approximately aligned with required the vertical axis. The only requirement of this parameter is to not be collinear to dir.

Example

let dir = Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
let up = Vector3::y();

let q = UnitQuaternion::look_at_lh(&dir, &up);
assert_relative_eq!(q * dir.normalize(), Vector3::z());

pub fn new<SB>(axisangle: Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates a new unit quaternion rotation from a rotation axis scaled by the rotation angle.

If axisangle has a magnitude smaller than N::default_epsilon(), this returns the identity rotation.

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::y() * f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
// Point and vector being transformed in the tests.
let pt = Point3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let vec = Vector3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::new(axisangle);

assert_relative_eq!(q * pt, Point3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q * vec, Vector3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

// A zero vector yields an identity.
assert_eq!(UnitQuaternion::new(Vector3::<f32>::zeros()), UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn new_eps<SB>(axisangle: Vector<N, U3, SB>, eps: N) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates a new unit quaternion rotation from a rotation axis scaled by the rotation angle.

If axisangle has a magnitude smaller than eps, this returns the identity rotation.

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::y() * f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
// Point and vector being transformed in the tests.
let pt = Point3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let vec = Vector3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::new_eps(axisangle, 1.0e-6);

assert_relative_eq!(q * pt, Point3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q * vec, Vector3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

// An almost zero vector yields an identity.
assert_eq!(UnitQuaternion::new_eps(Vector3::new(1.0e-8, 1.0e-9, 1.0e-7), 1.0e-6), UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn from_scaled_axis<SB>(axisangle: Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates a new unit quaternion rotation from a rotation axis scaled by the rotation angle.

If axisangle has a magnitude smaller than N::default_epsilon(), this returns the identity rotation. Same as Self::new(axisangle).

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::y() * f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
// Point and vector being transformed in the tests.
let pt = Point3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let vec = Vector3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::from_scaled_axis(axisangle);

assert_relative_eq!(q * pt, Point3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q * vec, Vector3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

// A zero vector yields an identity.
assert_eq!(UnitQuaternion::from_scaled_axis(Vector3::<f32>::zeros()), UnitQuaternion::identity());

pub fn from_scaled_axis_eps<SB>(axisangle: Vector<N, U3, SB>, eps: N) -> Self where
    SB: Storage<N, U3>, 

Creates a new unit quaternion rotation from a rotation axis scaled by the rotation angle.

If axisangle has a magnitude smaller than eps, this returns the identity rotation. Same as Self::new_eps(axisangle, eps).

Example

let axisangle = Vector3::y() * f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
// Point and vector being transformed in the tests.
let pt = Point3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let vec = Vector3::new(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
let q = UnitQuaternion::from_scaled_axis_eps(axisangle, 1.0e-6);

assert_relative_eq!(q * pt, Point3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);
assert_relative_eq!(q * vec, Vector3::new(6.0, 5.0, -4.0), epsilon = 1.0e-6);

// An almost zero vector yields an identity.
assert_eq!(UnitQuaternion::from_scaled_axis_eps(Vector3::new(1.0e-8, 1.0e-9, 1.0e-7), 1.0e-6), UnitQuaternion::identity());

Trait Implementations

impl<N: RealField> From<Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn from(q: Rotation3<N>) -> Self

Performs the conversion.

impl<N: RealField + Display> Display for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Rotation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<&'b Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Vector3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Vector3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<&'b Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Vector3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Vector3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Vector<N, U3, SB>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Point<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Point3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Point3<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Point<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Point3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Point3<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Point3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Point3<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Point3<N>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Point3<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<&'b Unit<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Unit<Vector3<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<Unit<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Unit<Vector3<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<&'b Unit<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Unit<Vector3<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField, SB: Storage<N, U3>> Mul<Unit<Matrix<N, U3, U1, SB>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Unit<Vector3<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Unit<Vector<N, U3, SB>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Translation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Translation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Translation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Translation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Translation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Translation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Translation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Translation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N: RealField> Mul<Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Mul<Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Mul<&'b Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, right: &'b Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Mul<Transform<N, U3, C>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Mul<Transform<N, U3, C>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'b, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Mul<&'b Transform<N, U3, C>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Mul<&'b Transform<N, U3, C>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Div<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<N: RealField> Div<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Div<Rotation<N, U3>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<N: RealField> Div<Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

type Output = UnitQuaternion<N>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<N: RealField> Div<Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Div<Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: &'b Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Isometry<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: &'b Isometry<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<N: RealField> Div<Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, N: RealField> Div<Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: &'b Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N: RealField> Div<&'b Similarity<N, U3, Unit<Quaternion<N>>>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U1>, 

type Output = Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, right: &'b Similarity<N, U3, UnitQuaternion<N>>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Div<Transform<N, U3, C>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Div<Transform<N, U3, C>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Div<&'b Transform<N, U3, C>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b, N, C: TCategoryMul<TAffine>> Div<&'b Transform<N, U3, C>> for &'a UnitQuaternion<N> where
    N: Scalar + Zero + One + ClosedAdd + ClosedMul + RealField,
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U4> + Allocator<N, U4, U4>, 

type Output = Transform<N, U3, C::Representative>

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Transform<N, U3, C>) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> MulAssign<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>)

Performs the *= operation.

impl<N: RealField> MulAssign<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>)

Performs the *= operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> MulAssign<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>)

Performs the *= operation.

impl<N: RealField> MulAssign<Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>)

Performs the *= operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> DivAssign<&'b Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: &'b UnitQuaternion<N>)

Performs the /= operation.

impl<N: RealField> DivAssign<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U4, U1>, 

fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: UnitQuaternion<N>)

Performs the /= operation.

impl<'b, N: RealField> DivAssign<&'b Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: &'b Rotation<N, U3>)

Performs the /= operation.

impl<N: RealField> DivAssign<Rotation<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N> where
    DefaultAllocator: Allocator<N, U4, U1> + Allocator<N, U3, U3>, 

fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: Rotation<N, U3>)

Performs the /= operation.

impl<N: RealField + AbsDiffEq<Epsilon = N>> AbsDiffEq<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

type Epsilon = N

Used for specifying relative comparisons.

fn default_epsilon() -> Self::Epsilon

The default tolerance to use when testing values that are close together.

fn abs_diff_eq(&self, other: &Self, epsilon: Self::Epsilon) -> bool

A test for equality that uses the absolute difference to compute the approximate equality of two numbers.

fn abs_diff_ne(&self, other: &Rhs, epsilon: Self::Epsilon) -> bool

The inverse of ApproxEq::abs_diff_eq.

impl<N: RealField + RelativeEq<Epsilon = N>> RelativeEq<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn default_max_relative() -> Self::Epsilon

The default relative tolerance for testing values that are far-apart.

fn relative_eq(
    &self,
    other: &Self,
    epsilon: Self::Epsilon,
    max_relative: Self::Epsilon
) -> bool

A test for equality that uses a relative comparison if the values are far apart.

fn relative_ne(
    &self,
    other: &Rhs,
    epsilon: Self::Epsilon,
    max_relative: Self::Epsilon
) -> bool

The inverse of ApproxEq::relative_eq.

impl<N: RealField + UlpsEq<Epsilon = N>> UlpsEq<Unit<Quaternion<N>>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn default_max_ulps() -> u32

The default ULPs to tolerate when testing values that are far-apart.

fn ulps_eq(&self, other: &Self, epsilon: Self::Epsilon, max_ulps: u32) -> bool

A test for equality that uses units in the last place (ULP) if the values are far apart.

fn ulps_ne(&self, other: &Rhs, epsilon: Self::Epsilon, max_ulps: u32) -> bool

The inverse of ApproxEq::ulps_eq.

impl<N: RealField> One for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn one() -> Self

Returns the multiplicative identity element of Self, 1.

fn is_one(&self) -> bool where
    Self: PartialEq<Self>, 

Returns true if self is equal to the multiplicative identity.

impl<N: RealField> AbstractMagma<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn operate(&self, rhs: &Self) -> Self

Performs an operation.

fn op(&self, O, lhs: &Self) -> Self

Performs specific operation.

impl<N: RealField> AbstractQuasigroup<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn prop_inv_is_latin_square_approx(args: (Self, Self)) -> bool where
    Self: RelativeEq<Self>, 

Returns true if latin squareness holds for the given arguments. Approximate equality is used for verifications.

fn prop_inv_is_latin_square(args: (Self, Self)) -> bool where
    Self: Eq, 

Returns true if latin squareness holds for the given arguments.

impl<N: RealField> AbstractSemigroup<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn prop_is_associative_approx(args: (Self, Self, Self)) -> bool where
    Self: RelativeEq<Self>, 

Returns true if associativity holds for the given arguments. Approximate equality is used for verifications.

fn prop_is_associative(args: (Self, Self, Self)) -> bool where
    Self: Eq, 

Returns true if associativity holds for the given arguments.

impl<N: RealField> AbstractLoop<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

impl<N: RealField> AbstractMonoid<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn prop_operating_identity_element_is_noop_approx(args: (Self,)) -> bool where
    Self: RelativeEq<Self>, 

Checks whether operating with the identity element is a no-op for the given argument. Approximate equality is used for verifications.

fn prop_operating_identity_element_is_noop(args: (Self,)) -> bool where
    Self: Eq, 

Checks whether operating with the identity element is a no-op for the given argument.

impl<N: RealField> AbstractGroup<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

impl<N: RealField> Identity<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn identity() -> Self

The identity element.

fn id(O) -> Self

Specific identity.

impl<N: RealField> TwoSidedInverse<Multiplicative> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn two_sided_inverse(&self) -> Self

Returns the two_sided_inverse of self, relative to the operator O.

fn two_sided_inverse_mut(&mut self)

In-place inversion of self, relative to the operator O.

impl<N1, N2> SubsetOf<Unit<Quaternion<N2>>> for UnitQuaternion<N1> where
    N1: RealField,
    N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>, 

fn to_superset(&self) -> UnitQuaternion<N2>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(uq: &UnitQuaternion<N2>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(uq: &UnitQuaternion<N2>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N1, N2> SubsetOf<Rotation<N2, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N1> where
    N1: RealField,
    N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>, 

fn to_superset(&self) -> Rotation3<N2>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(rot: &Rotation3<N2>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(rot: &Rotation3<N2>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N1, N2, R> SubsetOf<Isometry<N2, U3, R>> for UnitQuaternion<N1> where
    N1: RealField,
    N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>,
    R: AlgaRotation<Point3<N2>> + SupersetOf<Self>, 

fn to_superset(&self) -> Isometry<N2, U3, R>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(iso: &Isometry<N2, U3, R>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(iso: &Isometry<N2, U3, R>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N1, N2, R> SubsetOf<Similarity<N2, U3, R>> for UnitQuaternion<N1> where
    N1: RealField,
    N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>,
    R: AlgaRotation<Point3<N2>> + SupersetOf<Self>, 

fn to_superset(&self) -> Similarity<N2, U3, R>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(sim: &Similarity<N2, U3, R>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(sim: &Similarity<N2, U3, R>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N1, N2, C> SubsetOf<Transform<N2, U3, C>> for UnitQuaternion<N1> where
    N1: RealField,
    N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>,
    C: SuperTCategoryOf<TAffine>, 

fn to_superset(&self) -> Transform<N2, U3, C>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(t: &Transform<N2, U3, C>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(t: &Transform<N2, U3, C>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N1: RealField, N2: RealField + SupersetOf<N1>> SubsetOf<Matrix<N2, U4, U4, <DefaultAllocator as Allocator<N2, U4, U4>>::Buffer>> for UnitQuaternion<N1>

fn to_superset(&self) -> Matrix4<N2>

The inclusion map: converts self to the equivalent element of its superset.

fn is_in_subset(m: &Matrix4<N2>) -> bool

Checks if element is actually part of the subset Self (and can be converted to it).

unsafe fn from_superset_unchecked(m: &Matrix4<N2>) -> Self

Use with care! Same as self.to_superset but without any property checks. Always succeeds.

fn from_superset(element: &T) -> Option<Self>

The inverse inclusion map: attempts to construct self from the equivalent element of its superset.

impl<N: RealField> Transformation<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn transform_point(&self, pt: &Point3<N>) -> Point3<N>

Applies this group's action on a point from the euclidean space.

fn transform_vector(&self, v: &Vector3<N>) -> Vector3<N>

Applies this group's action on a vector from the euclidean space.

impl<N: RealField> ProjectiveTransformation<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn inverse_transform_point(&self, pt: &Point3<N>) -> Point3<N>

Applies this group's two_sided_inverse action on a point from the euclidean space.

fn inverse_transform_vector(&self, v: &Vector3<N>) -> Vector3<N>

Applies this group's two_sided_inverse action on a vector from the euclidean space.

impl<N: RealField> AffineTransformation<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

type Rotation = Self

Type of the first rotation to be applied.

type NonUniformScaling = Id

Type of the non-uniform scaling to be applied.

type Translation = Id

The type of the pure translation part of this affine transformation.

fn decompose(&self) -> (Id, Self, Id, Self)

Decomposes this affine transformation into a rotation followed by a non-uniform scaling, followed by a rotation, followed by a translation.

fn append_translation(&self, _: &Self::Translation) -> Self

Appends a translation to this similarity.

fn prepend_translation(&self, _: &Self::Translation) -> Self

Prepends a translation to this similarity.

fn append_rotation(&self, r: &Self::Rotation) -> Self

Appends a rotation to this similarity.

fn prepend_rotation(&self, r: &Self::Rotation) -> Self

Prepends a rotation to this similarity.

fn append_scaling(&self, _: &Self::NonUniformScaling) -> Self

Appends a scaling factor to this similarity.

fn prepend_scaling(&self, _: &Self::NonUniformScaling) -> Self

Prepends a scaling factor to this similarity.

fn append_rotation_wrt_point(&self, r: &Self::Rotation, p: &E) -> Option<Self>

Appends to this similarity a rotation centered at the point p, i.e., this point is left invariant.

impl<N: RealField> Similarity<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

type Scaling = Id

The type of the pure (uniform) scaling part of this similarity transformation.

fn translation(&self) -> Id

The pure translational component of this similarity transformation.

fn rotation(&self) -> Self

The pure rotational component of this similarity transformation.

fn scaling(&self) -> Id

The pure scaling component of this similarity transformation.

fn translate_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation's pure translational part to a point.

fn rotate_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation's pure rotational part to a point.

fn scale_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation's pure scaling part to a point.

fn rotate_vector(
    &self,
    pt: &<E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates
) -> <E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates

Applies this transformation's pure rotational part to a vector.

fn scale_vector(
    &self,
    pt: &<E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates
) -> <E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates

Applies this transformation's pure scaling part to a vector.

fn inverse_translate_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation inverse's pure translational part to a point.

fn inverse_rotate_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation inverse's pure rotational part to a point.

fn inverse_scale_point(&self, pt: &E) -> E

Applies this transformation inverse's pure scaling part to a point.

fn inverse_rotate_vector(
    &self,
    pt: &<E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates
) -> <E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates

Applies this transformation inverse's pure rotational part to a vector.

fn inverse_scale_vector(
    &self,
    pt: &<E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates
) -> <E as EuclideanSpace>::Coordinates

Applies this transformation inverse's pure scaling part to a vector.

impl<N: RealField> Isometry<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

impl<N: RealField> DirectIsometry<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

impl<N: RealField> OrthogonalTransformation<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

impl<N: RealField> Rotation<Point<N, U3>> for UnitQuaternion<N>

fn powf(&self, n: N) -> Option<Self>

Raises this rotation to a power. If this is a simple rotation, the result must be equivalent to multiplying the rotation angle by n.

fn rotation_between(a: &Vector3<N>, b: &Vector3<N>) -> Option<Self>

Computes a simple rotation that makes the angle between a and b equal to zero, i.e., b.angle(a * delta_rotation(a, b)) = 0. If a and b are collinear, the computed rotation may not be unique. Returns None if no such simple rotation exists in the subgroup represented by Self.

fn scaled_rotation_between(a: &Vector3<N>, b: &Vector3<N>, s: N) -> Option<Self>

Computes the rotation between a and b and raises it to the power n.