macroquad_particles/

lib.rs

use macroquad::prelude::*;
use macroquad::window::miniquad::*;
use miniquad::graphics::RenderPass;

#[cfg(feature = "nanoserde")]
use nanoserde::{DeJson, SerJson};

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub enum Interpolation {
    Linear,
    Bezier,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct Curve {
    /// Key points for building a curve
    pub points: Vec<(f32, f32)>,
    /// The way middle points is interpolated during building a curve
    /// Only Linear is implemented now
    pub interpolation: Interpolation,
    /// Interpolation steps used to build the curve from the key points
    pub resolution: usize,
}

impl Curve {
    fn batch(&self) -> BatchedCurve {
        if self.interpolation == Interpolation::Bezier {
            unimplemented!()
        }

        let step_f32 = 1.0 / self.resolution as f32;
        let mut x = 0.0;
        let mut points = Vec::with_capacity(self.resolution);

        for curve_part in self.points.windows(2) {
            let start = curve_part[0];
            let end = curve_part[1];

            while x <= end.0 {
                let t = (x - start.0) / (end.0 - start.0);
                let point = start.1 + (end.1 - start.1) * t;
                points.push(point);
                x += step_f32;
            }
        }

        BatchedCurve { points }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct BatchedCurve {
    pub points: Vec<f32>,
}

impl BatchedCurve {
    fn get(&self, t: f32) -> f32 {
        let t_scaled = t * self.points.len() as f32;
        let previous_ix = (t_scaled as usize).min(self.points.len() - 1);
        let next_ix = (previous_ix + 1).min(self.points.len() - 1);
        let previous = self.points[previous_ix];
        let next = self.points[next_ix];

        previous + (next - previous) * (t_scaled - previous_ix as f32)
    }
}
impl Default for Curve {
    fn default() -> Curve {
        Curve {
            points: vec![],
            interpolation: Interpolation::Linear,
            resolution: 20,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub enum EmissionShape {
    Point,
    Rect { width: f32, height: f32 },
    Sphere { radius: f32 },
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct ColorSerializable {
    pub r: f32,
    pub g: f32,
    pub b: f32,
    pub a: f32,
}

impl From<&Color> for ColorSerializable {
    fn from(color: &Color) -> ColorSerializable {
        ColorSerializable {
            r: color.r,
            g: color.g,
            b: color.b,
            a: color.a,
        }
    }
}

impl From<&ColorSerializable> for Color {
    fn from(color: &ColorSerializable) -> Color {
        Color {
            r: color.r,
            g: color.g,
            b: color.b,
            a: color.a,
        }
    }
}

#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct Vec2Serializable {
    x: f32,
    y: f32,
}

impl From<&Vec2> for Vec2Serializable {
    fn from(vec: &Vec2) -> Vec2Serializable {
        Vec2Serializable { x: vec.x, y: vec.y }
    }
}

impl From<&Vec2Serializable> for Vec2 {
    fn from(vec: &Vec2Serializable) -> Vec2 {
        vec2(vec.x, vec.y)
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct ColorCurve {
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(proxy = "ColorSerializable"))]
    pub start: Color,
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(proxy = "ColorSerializable"))]
    pub mid: Color,
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(proxy = "ColorSerializable"))]
    pub end: Color,
}

impl Default for ColorCurve {
    fn default() -> ColorCurve {
        ColorCurve {
            start: WHITE,
            mid: WHITE,
            end: WHITE,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct EmitterConfig {
    /// If false - particles spawns at position supplied to .draw(), but afterwards lives in current camera coordinate system.
    /// If false particles use coordinate system originated to the emitter draw position
    pub local_coords: bool,
    /// Particles will be emitted inside that region.
    pub emission_shape: EmissionShape,
    /// If true only one emission cycle occurs. May be re-emitted by .emit() call.
    pub one_shot: bool,
    /// Lifespan of individual particle.
    pub lifetime: f32,
    /// Particle lifetime randomness ratio.
    /// Each particle will spawned with "lifetime = lifetime - lifetime * rand::gen_range(0.0, lifetime_randomness)".
    pub lifetime_randomness: f32,
    /// 0..1 value, how rapidly particles in emission cycle are emitted.
    /// With 0 particles will be emitted with equal gap.
    /// With 1 all the particles will be emitted at the beginning of the cycle.
    pub explosiveness: f32,
    /// Amount of particles emitted in one emission cycle.
    pub amount: u32,
    /// Shape of each individual particle mesh.
    pub shape: ParticleShape,
    /// Particles are emitting when "emitting" is true.
    /// If its a "one-shot" emitter, emitting will switch to false after active emission cycle.
    pub emitting: bool,
    /// Unit vector specifying emission direction.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(proxy = "Vec2Serializable"))]
    pub initial_direction: Vec2,
    /// Angle from 0 to "2 * Pi" for random fluctuation for direction vector.
    pub initial_direction_spread: f32,
    /// Initial speed for each emitted particle.
    /// Direction of the initial speed vector is affected by "direction" and "spread"
    pub initial_velocity: f32,
    /// Initial velocity randomness ratio.
    /// Each particle will spawned with "initial_velocity = initial_velocity - initial_velocity * rand::gen_range(0.0, initial_velocity_randomness)".
    pub initial_velocity_randomness: f32,
    /// Velocity acceleration applied to each particle in the direction of motion.
    pub linear_accel: f32,

    // Initial rotation for each emitted particle.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub initial_rotation: f32,
    /// Initial rotation randomness.
    /// Each particle will spawned with "initial_rotation = initial_rotation - initial_rotation * rand::gen_range(0.0, initial_rotation_randomness)"
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub initial_rotation_randomness: f32,
    // Initial rotational speed
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub initial_angular_velocity: f32,
    /// Initial angular velocity randomness.
    /// Each particle will spawned with "initial_angular_velocity = initial_angular_velocity - initial_angular_velocity * rand::gen_range(0.0, initial_angular_velocity_randomness)".
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub initial_angular_velocity_randomness: f32,
    /// Angular velocity acceleration applied to each particle .'
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub angular_accel: f32,
    /// Angluar velocity damping
    /// Each frame angular velocity will be transformed "angular_velocity *= (1.0 - angular_damping)".
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(default = "0.0"))]
    pub angular_damping: f32,
    /// Each particle is a "size x size" square.
    pub size: f32,
    /// Each particle will spawned with "size = size - size * rand::gen_range(0.0, size_randomness)".
    pub size_randomness: f32,
    /// If curve is present in each moment of particle lifetime size would be multiplied by the value from the curve
    pub size_curve: Option<Curve>,

    /// Particles rendering mode.
    pub blend_mode: BlendMode,

    /// How particles should change base color along the lifetime.
    pub colors_curve: ColorCurve,

    /// Gravity applied to each individual particle.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(proxy = "Vec2Serializable"))]
    pub gravity: Vec2,

    /// Particle texture. If none particles going to be white squares.
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", nserde(skip))]
    pub texture: Option<Texture2D>,

    /// For animated texture specify spritesheet layout.
    /// If none the whole texture will be used.
    pub atlas: Option<AtlasConfig>,

    /// Custom material used to shade each particle.
    pub material: Option<ParticleMaterial>,

    /// If none particles will be rendered directly to the screen.
    /// If not none all the particles will be rendered to a rectangle and than this rectangle
    /// will be rendered to the screen.
    /// This will allows some effects affecting particles as a whole.
    /// NOTE: this is not really implemented and now Some will just make hardcoded downscaling
    pub post_processing: Option<PostProcessing>,
}

impl EmissionShape {
    fn gen_random_point(&self) -> Vec2 {
        match self {
            EmissionShape::Point => vec2(0., 0.),
            EmissionShape::Rect { width, height } => vec2(
                rand::gen_range(-width / 2., width / 2.0),
                rand::gen_range(-height / 2., height / 2.0),
            ),
            EmissionShape::Sphere { radius } => {
                let ro = rand::gen_range(0., radius * radius).sqrt();
                let phi = rand::gen_range(0., std::f32::consts::PI * 2.);

                macroquad::math::polar_to_cartesian(ro, phi)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct PostProcessing;

#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub enum ParticleShape {
    Rectangle {
        aspect_ratio: f32,
    },
    Circle {
        subdivisions: u32,
    },
    CustomMesh {
        vertices: Vec<f32>,
        indices: Vec<u16>,
    },
}

impl ParticleShape {
    fn build_bindings(
        &self,
        ctx: &mut dyn miniquad::RenderingBackend,
        positions_vertex_buffer: BufferId,
        texture: Option<Texture2D>,
    ) -> Bindings {
        let (geometry_vertex_buffer, index_buffer) = match self {
            ParticleShape::Rectangle { aspect_ratio } => {
                #[rustfmt::skip]
                let vertices: &[f32] = &[
                    // positions          uv          colors
                    -1.0 * aspect_ratio, -1.0, 0.0,   0.0, 0.0,  1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
                     1.0 * aspect_ratio, -1.0, 0.0,   1.0, 0.0,  1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
                     1.0 * aspect_ratio,  1.0, 0.0,   1.0, 1.0,  1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
                    -1.0 * aspect_ratio,  1.0, 0.0,   0.0, 1.0,  1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
                ];

                let vertex_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::VertexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&vertices),
                );

                #[rustfmt::skip]
                let indices: &[u16] = &[
                    0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3
                ];
                let index_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::IndexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&indices),
                );

                (vertex_buffer, index_buffer)
            }
            ParticleShape::Circle { subdivisions } => {
                let mut vertices = Vec::<f32>::new();
                let mut indices = Vec::<u16>::new();

                let rot = 0.0;
                vertices.extend_from_slice(&[0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]);
                for i in 0..subdivisions + 1 {
                    let rx =
                        (i as f32 / *subdivisions as f32 * std::f32::consts::PI * 2. + rot).cos();
                    let ry =
                        (i as f32 / *subdivisions as f32 * std::f32::consts::PI * 2. + rot).sin();
                    vertices.extend_from_slice(&[rx, ry, 0., rx, ry, 1., 1., 1., 1.]);

                    if i != *subdivisions {
                        indices.extend_from_slice(&[0, i as u16 + 1, i as u16 + 2]);
                    }
                }

                let vertex_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::VertexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&vertices),
                );
                let index_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::IndexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&indices),
                );
                (vertex_buffer, index_buffer)
            }
            ParticleShape::CustomMesh { vertices, indices } => {
                let vertex_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::VertexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&vertices),
                );
                let index_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                    BufferType::IndexBuffer,
                    BufferUsage::Immutable,
                    BufferSource::slice(&indices),
                );
                (vertex_buffer, index_buffer)
            }
        };

        Bindings {
            vertex_buffers: vec![geometry_vertex_buffer, positions_vertex_buffer],
            index_buffer,
            images: vec![texture.map_or_else(
                || ctx.new_texture_from_rgba8(1, 1, &[255, 255, 255, 255]),
                |texture| texture.raw_miniquad_id(),
            )],
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct ParticleMaterial {
    vertex: String,
    fragment: String,
}

impl ParticleMaterial {
    pub fn new(vertex: &str, fragment: &str) -> ParticleMaterial {
        ParticleMaterial {
            vertex: vertex.to_owned(),
            fragment: fragment.to_owned(),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub enum BlendMode {
    /// Colors of overlapped particles will be blended by alpha channel.
    Alpha,
    /// Colors of overlapped particles will be added to each other.
    Additive,
}

impl BlendMode {
    fn blend_state(&self) -> BlendState {
        match self {
            BlendMode::Alpha => BlendState::new(
                Equation::Add,
                BlendFactor::Value(BlendValue::SourceAlpha),
                BlendFactor::OneMinusValue(BlendValue::SourceAlpha),
            ),
            BlendMode::Additive => BlendState::new(
                Equation::Add,
                BlendFactor::Value(BlendValue::SourceAlpha),
                BlendFactor::One,
            ),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "nanoserde", derive(DeJson, SerJson))]
pub struct AtlasConfig {
    n: u16,
    m: u16,
    start_index: u16,
    end_index: u16,
}

impl AtlasConfig {
    pub fn new<T: std::ops::RangeBounds<u16>>(n: u16, m: u16, range: T) -> AtlasConfig {
        let start_index = match range.start_bound() {
            std::ops::Bound::Unbounded => 0,
            std::ops::Bound::Included(i) => *i,
            std::ops::Bound::Excluded(i) => i + 1,
        };
        let end_index = match range.end_bound() {
            std::ops::Bound::Unbounded => n * m,
            std::ops::Bound::Included(i) => i - 1,
            std::ops::Bound::Excluded(i) => *i,
        };

        AtlasConfig {
            n,
            m,
            start_index,
            end_index,
        }
    }
}

impl Default for EmitterConfig {
    fn default() -> EmitterConfig {
        EmitterConfig {
            local_coords: false,
            emission_shape: EmissionShape::Point,
            one_shot: false,
            lifetime: 1.0,
            lifetime_randomness: 0.0,
            amount: 8,
            shape: ParticleShape::Rectangle { aspect_ratio: 1.0 },
            explosiveness: 0.0,
            emitting: true,
            initial_direction: vec2(0., -1.),
            initial_direction_spread: 0.,
            initial_velocity: 50.0,
            initial_velocity_randomness: 0.0,
            linear_accel: 0.0,
            initial_rotation: 0.0,
            initial_rotation_randomness: 0.0,
            initial_angular_velocity: 0.0,
            initial_angular_velocity_randomness: 0.0,
            angular_accel: 0.0,
            angular_damping: 0.0,
            size: 10.0,
            size_randomness: 0.0,
            size_curve: None,
            blend_mode: BlendMode::Alpha,
            colors_curve: ColorCurve::default(),
            gravity: vec2(0.0, 0.0),
            texture: None,
            atlas: None,
            material: None,
            post_processing: None,
        }
    }
}

#[repr(C)]
struct GpuParticle {
    pos: Vec4,
    uv: Vec4,
    data: Vec4,
    color: Vec4,
}

struct CpuParticle {
    velocity: Vec2,
    angular_velocity: f32,
    lived: f32,
    lifetime: f32,
    frame: u16,
    initial_size: f32,
}

pub struct Emitter {
    pipeline: Pipeline,
    bindings: Bindings,
    post_processing_pass: RenderPass,
    post_processing_pipeline: Pipeline,
    post_processing_bindings: Bindings,

    gpu_particles: Vec<GpuParticle>,
    cpu_counterpart: Vec<CpuParticle>,

    last_emit_time: f32,
    time_passed: f32,
    particles_current_cycle: u32,

    particles_spawned: u64,
    position: Vec2,

    batched_size_curve: Option<BatchedCurve>,

    blend_mode: BlendMode,
    mesh_dirty: bool,

    pub config: EmitterConfig,
}

impl Emitter {
    const MAX_PARTICLES: usize = 10000;

    pub fn new(config: EmitterConfig) -> Emitter {
        let InternalGlContext {
            quad_context: ctx, ..
        } = unsafe { get_internal_gl() };

        // empty, dynamic instance-data vertex buffer
        let positions_vertex_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
            BufferType::VertexBuffer,
            BufferUsage::Stream,
            BufferSource::empty::<GpuParticle>(Self::MAX_PARTICLES),
        );

        let bindings =
            config
                .shape
                .build_bindings(ctx, positions_vertex_buffer, config.texture.clone());

        let (vertex, fragment) = config.material.as_ref().map_or_else(
            || (shader::VERTEX, shader::FRAGMENT),
            |material| (&material.vertex, &material.fragment),
        );

        let shader = {
            use macroquad::material::shaders::{preprocess_shader, PreprocessorConfig};

            let config = PreprocessorConfig {
                includes: vec![(
                    "particles.glsl".to_string(),
                    include_str!("particles.glsl").to_owned(),
                )],
                ..Default::default()
            };

            let vertex = preprocess_shader(&vertex, &config);
            let fragment = preprocess_shader(&fragment, &config);

            ctx.new_shader(
                ShaderSource::Glsl {
                    vertex: &vertex,
                    fragment: &fragment,
                },
                shader::meta(),
            )
            .unwrap()
        };

        let blend_mode = config.blend_mode.blend_state();
        let pipeline = ctx.new_pipeline(
            &[
                BufferLayout::default(),
                BufferLayout {
                    step_func: VertexStep::PerInstance,
                    ..Default::default()
                },
            ],
            &[
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_pos", VertexFormat::Float3, 0),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_uv", VertexFormat::Float2, 0),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_color", VertexFormat::Float4, 0),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_inst_pos", VertexFormat::Float4, 1),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_inst_uv", VertexFormat::Float4, 1),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_inst_data", VertexFormat::Float4, 1),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("in_attr_inst_color", VertexFormat::Float4, 1),
            ],
            shader,
            PipelineParams {
                color_blend: Some(blend_mode),
                alpha_blend: Some(BlendState::new(
                    Equation::Add,
                    BlendFactor::Zero,
                    BlendFactor::One,
                )),
                ..Default::default()
            },
        );

        let post_processing_shader = ctx
            .new_shader(
                ShaderSource::Glsl {
                    vertex: &post_processing_shader::VERTEX,
                    fragment: &post_processing_shader::FRAGMENT,
                },
                post_processing_shader::meta(),
            )
            .unwrap();

        let post_processing_pipeline = ctx.new_pipeline(
            &[BufferLayout::default(), BufferLayout::default()],
            &[
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("pos", VertexFormat::Float2, 0),
                VertexAttribute::with_buffer("uv", VertexFormat::Float2, 0),
            ],
            post_processing_shader,
            PipelineParams {
                color_blend: Some(BlendState::new(
                    Equation::Add,
                    BlendFactor::Value(BlendValue::SourceAlpha),
                    BlendFactor::OneMinusValue(BlendValue::SourceAlpha),
                )),
                ..Default::default()
            },
        );
        let post_processing_pass = {
            let color_img = ctx.new_render_texture(TextureParams {
                width: 320,
                height: 200,
                format: TextureFormat::RGBA8,
                ..Default::default()
            });
            ctx.texture_set_filter(color_img, FilterMode::Nearest, MipmapFilterMode::None);

            ctx.new_render_pass(color_img, None)
        };

        let post_processing_bindings = {
            #[rustfmt::skip]
            let vertices: &[f32] = &[
                // positions   uv
                -1.0, -1.0,    0.0, 0.0,
                 1.0, -1.0,    1.0, 0.0,
                 1.0,  1.0,    1.0, 1.0,
                -1.0,  1.0,    0.0, 1.0,
            ];

            let vertex_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                BufferType::VertexBuffer,
                BufferUsage::Immutable,
                BufferSource::slice(&vertices),
            );

            #[rustfmt::skip]
            let indices: &[u16] = &[
                0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3
            ];
            let index_buffer = ctx.new_buffer(
                BufferType::IndexBuffer,
                BufferUsage::Immutable,
                BufferSource::slice(&indices),
            );
            Bindings {
                vertex_buffers: vec![vertex_buffer],
                index_buffer,
                images: vec![ctx.render_pass_texture(post_processing_pass)],
            }
        };

        Emitter {
            blend_mode: config.blend_mode.clone(),
            batched_size_curve: config.size_curve.as_ref().map(|curve| curve.batch()),
            post_processing_pass,
            post_processing_pipeline,
            post_processing_bindings,
            config,
            pipeline,
            bindings,
            position: vec2(0.0, 0.0),
            gpu_particles: Vec::with_capacity(Self::MAX_PARTICLES),
            cpu_counterpart: Vec::with_capacity(Self::MAX_PARTICLES),
            particles_spawned: 0,
            last_emit_time: 0.0,
            time_passed: 0.0,
            particles_current_cycle: 0,
            mesh_dirty: false,
        }
    }

    fn reset(&mut self) {
        self.gpu_particles.clear();
        self.cpu_counterpart.clear();
        self.last_emit_time = 0.0;
        self.time_passed = 0.0;
        self.particles_spawned = 0;
        self.particles_current_cycle = 0;
    }
    pub fn rebuild_size_curve(&mut self) {
        self.batched_size_curve = self.config.size_curve.as_ref().map(|curve| curve.batch());
    }

    pub fn update_particle_mesh(&mut self) {
        self.mesh_dirty = true;
    }

    fn emit_particle(&mut self, offset: Vec2) {
        let offset = offset + self.config.emission_shape.gen_random_point();

        fn random_initial_vector(dir: Vec2, spread: f32, velocity: f32) -> Vec2 {
            let angle = rand::gen_range(-spread / 2.0, spread / 2.0);

            let quat = glam::Quat::from_rotation_z(angle);
            let dir = quat * vec3(dir.x, dir.y, 0.0);
            let res = dir * velocity;

            vec2(res.x, res.y)
        }

        let r =
            self.config.size - self.config.size * rand::gen_range(0.0, self.config.size_randomness);

        let rotation = self.config.initial_rotation
            - self.config.initial_rotation
                * rand::gen_range(0.0, self.config.initial_rotation_randomness);

        let particle = if self.config.local_coords {
            GpuParticle {
                pos: vec4(offset.x, offset.y, rotation, r),
                uv: vec4(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                data: vec4(self.particles_spawned as f32, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                color: self.config.colors_curve.start.to_vec(),
            }
        } else {
            GpuParticle {
                pos: vec4(
                    self.position.x + offset.x,
                    self.position.y + offset.y,
                    rotation,
                    r,
                ),
                uv: vec4(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                data: vec4(self.particles_spawned as f32, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                color: self.config.colors_curve.start.to_vec(),
            }
        };

        self.particles_spawned += 1;
        self.particles_current_cycle += 1;
        self.gpu_particles.push(particle);
        self.cpu_counterpart.push(CpuParticle {
            velocity: random_initial_vector(
                vec2(
                    self.config.initial_direction.x,
                    self.config.initial_direction.y,
                ),
                self.config.initial_direction_spread,
                self.config.initial_velocity
                    - self.config.initial_velocity
                        * rand::gen_range(0.0, self.config.initial_velocity_randomness),
            ),
            angular_velocity: self.config.initial_angular_velocity
                - self.config.initial_angular_velocity
                    * rand::gen_range(0.0, self.config.initial_angular_velocity_randomness),
            lived: 0.0,
            lifetime: self.config.lifetime
                - self.config.lifetime * rand::gen_range(0.0, self.config.lifetime_randomness),
            frame: 0,
            initial_size: r,
        });
    }

    fn update(&mut self, ctx: &mut dyn miniquad::RenderingBackend, dt: f32) {
        if self.mesh_dirty {
            self.bindings = self.config.shape.build_bindings(
                ctx,
                self.bindings.vertex_buffers[1],
                self.config.texture.clone(),
            );
            self.mesh_dirty = false;
        }
        if self.config.emitting {
            self.time_passed += dt;

            let gap = (self.config.lifetime / self.config.amount as f32)
                * (1.0 - self.config.explosiveness);

            let spawn_amount = if gap < 0.001 {
                // to prevent division by 0 problems
                self.config.amount as usize
            } else {
                // how many particles fits into this delta time
                ((self.time_passed - self.last_emit_time) / gap) as usize
            };

            for _ in 0..spawn_amount {
                self.last_emit_time = self.time_passed;

                if self.particles_spawned < self.config.amount as u64 {
                    self.emit_particle(vec2(0.0, 0.0));
                }

                if self.gpu_particles.len() >= self.config.amount as usize {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        if self.config.one_shot && self.particles_current_cycle >= self.config.amount {
            self.time_passed = 0.0;
            self.last_emit_time = 0.0;
            self.particles_current_cycle = 0;
            self.config.emitting = false;
        }

        for (gpu, cpu) in self.gpu_particles.iter_mut().zip(&mut self.cpu_counterpart) {
            // TODO: this is not quite the way to apply acceleration, this is not
            // fps independent and just wrong
            cpu.velocity += cpu.velocity * self.config.linear_accel * dt;
            cpu.angular_velocity += cpu.angular_velocity * self.config.angular_accel * dt;
            cpu.angular_velocity *= 1.0 - self.config.angular_damping;

            gpu.color = {
                let t = cpu.lived / cpu.lifetime;
                if t < 0.5 {
                    let t = t * 2.;
                    self.config.colors_curve.start.to_vec() * (1.0 - t)
                        + self.config.colors_curve.mid.to_vec() * t
                } else {
                    let t = (t - 0.5) * 2.;
                    self.config.colors_curve.mid.to_vec() * (1.0 - t)
                        + self.config.colors_curve.end.to_vec() * t
                }
            };
            gpu.pos += vec4(cpu.velocity.x, cpu.velocity.y, cpu.angular_velocity, 0.0) * dt;

            gpu.pos.w = cpu.initial_size
                * self
                    .batched_size_curve
                    .as_ref()
                    .map_or(1.0, |curve| curve.get(cpu.lived / cpu.lifetime));

            if cpu.lifetime != 0.0 {
                gpu.data.y = cpu.lived / cpu.lifetime;
            }

            //cpu.lived = f32::min(cpu.lived + dt, cpu.lifetime);
            cpu.lived += dt;
            cpu.velocity += self.config.gravity * dt;

            if let Some(atlas) = &self.config.atlas {
                if cpu.lifetime != 0.0 {
                    cpu.frame = (cpu.lived / cpu.lifetime
                        * (atlas.end_index - atlas.start_index) as f32)
                        as u16
                        + atlas.start_index;
                }

                let x = cpu.frame % atlas.n;
                let y = cpu.frame / atlas.n;

                gpu.uv = vec4(
                    x as f32 / atlas.n as f32,
                    y as f32 / atlas.m as f32,
                    1.0 / atlas.n as f32,
                    1.0 / atlas.m as f32,
                );
            } else {
                gpu.uv = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
            }
        }

        for i in (0..self.gpu_particles.len()).rev() {
            // second if clause is just for the case when lifetime was changed in the editor
            // normally particle lifetime is always less or equal config lifetime
            if self.cpu_counterpart[i].lived >= self.cpu_counterpart[i].lifetime
                || self.cpu_counterpart[i].lived > self.config.lifetime
            {
                if self.cpu_counterpart[i].lived != self.cpu_counterpart[i].lifetime {
                    self.particles_spawned -= 1;
                }
                self.gpu_particles.remove(i);
                self.cpu_counterpart.remove(i);
            }
        }

        ctx.buffer_update(
            self.bindings.vertex_buffers[1],
            BufferSource::slice(&self.gpu_particles[..]),
        );
    }

    /// Immediately emit N particles, ignoring "emitting" and "amount" params of EmitterConfig
    pub fn emit(&mut self, pos: Vec2, n: usize) {
        for _ in 0..n {
            self.emit_particle(pos);
            self.particles_spawned += 1;
        }
    }

    fn perform_render_pass(&mut self, quad_gl: &QuadGl, ctx: &mut dyn miniquad::RenderingBackend) {
        ctx.apply_bindings(&self.bindings);
        ctx.apply_uniforms(UniformsSource::table(&shader::Uniforms {
            mvp: quad_gl.get_projection_matrix(),
            emitter_position: vec3(self.position.x, self.position.y, 0.0),
            local_coords: if self.config.local_coords { 1.0 } else { 0.0 },
        }));

        let index_buffer_size = ctx.buffer_size(self.bindings.index_buffer);
        ctx.draw(
            0,
            (index_buffer_size / 2) as i32,
            self.gpu_particles.len() as i32,
        );
    }

    pub fn setup_render_pass(
        &mut self,
        quad_gl: &QuadGl,
        ctx: &mut dyn miniquad::RenderingBackend,
    ) {
        if self.config.blend_mode != self.blend_mode {
            // TODO: recreate pipeline
            //self.pipeline
            //    .set_blend(ctx, Some(self.config.blend_mode.blend_state()));
            self.blend_mode = self.config.blend_mode.clone();
        }

        if self.config.post_processing.is_none() {
            let pass = quad_gl.get_active_render_pass();
            if let Some(pass) = pass {
                ctx.begin_pass(Some(pass), PassAction::Nothing);
            } else {
                ctx.begin_default_pass(PassAction::Nothing);
            }
        } else {
            ctx.begin_pass(
                Some(self.post_processing_pass),
                PassAction::clear_color(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
            );
        };

        ctx.apply_pipeline(&self.pipeline);
    }

    pub fn end_render_pass(&mut self, quad_gl: &QuadGl, ctx: &mut dyn miniquad::RenderingBackend) {
        ctx.end_render_pass();

        if self.config.post_processing.is_some() {
            let pass = quad_gl.get_active_render_pass();
            if let Some(pass) = pass {
                ctx.begin_pass(Some(pass), PassAction::Nothing);
            } else {
                ctx.begin_default_pass(PassAction::Nothing);
            }

            ctx.apply_pipeline(&self.post_processing_pipeline);
            let (x, y, w, h) = quad_gl.get_viewport();
            ctx.apply_viewport(x, y, w, h);

            ctx.apply_bindings(&self.post_processing_bindings);

            ctx.draw(0, 6, 1);

            ctx.end_render_pass();
        }
    }

    pub fn draw(&mut self, pos: Vec2) {
        let mut gl = unsafe { get_internal_gl() };

        gl.flush();

        let InternalGlContext {
            quad_context: ctx,
            quad_gl,
        } = gl;

        self.position = pos;

        self.update(ctx, get_frame_time());

        self.setup_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);
        self.perform_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);
        self.end_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);
    }
}

/// Multiple emitters drawn simultaneously.
/// Will reuse as much GPU resources as possible, so should be more efficient than
/// just Vec<Emitter>
pub struct EmittersCache {
    emitter: Emitter,
    emitters_cache: Vec<Emitter>,
    active_emitters: Vec<Option<(Emitter, Vec2)>>,
    config: EmitterConfig,
}

impl EmittersCache {
    const CACHE_DEFAULT_SIZE: usize = 10;

    pub fn new(config: EmitterConfig) -> EmittersCache {
        let mut emitters_cache = vec![];
        // prepopulate cache
        for _ in 0..Self::CACHE_DEFAULT_SIZE {
            emitters_cache.push(Emitter::new(EmitterConfig {
                emitting: false,
                ..config.clone()
            }));
        }
        EmittersCache {
            emitter: Emitter::new(config.clone()),
            emitters_cache,
            active_emitters: vec![],
            config,
        }
    }

    pub fn spawn(&mut self, pos: Vec2) {
        let mut emitter = if let Some(emitter) = self.emitters_cache.pop() {
            emitter
        } else {
            Emitter::new(self.config.clone())
        };

        emitter.mesh_dirty = true;
        emitter.config.emitting = true;
        emitter.reset();

        self.active_emitters.push(Some((emitter, pos)));
    }

    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
        let mut gl = unsafe { get_internal_gl() };

        gl.flush();

        let InternalGlContext {
            quad_context: ctx,
            quad_gl,
        } = gl;

        if self.active_emitters.len() > 0 {
            self.emitter.setup_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);
        }
        for i in &mut self.active_emitters {
            if let Some((emitter, pos)) = i {
                emitter.position = *pos;

                emitter.update(ctx, get_frame_time());

                emitter.perform_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);

                if emitter.config.emitting == false {
                    self.emitters_cache.push(i.take().unwrap().0);
                }
            }
        }
        if self.active_emitters.len() > 0 {
            self.emitter.end_render_pass(quad_gl, ctx);
        }

        self.active_emitters.retain(|emitter| emitter.is_some())
    }
}

mod shader {
    use super::*;

    pub const VERTEX: &str = r#"#version 100
    #define DEF_VERTEX_ATTRIBUTES
    #include "particles.glsl"

    varying lowp vec2 texcoord;
    varying lowp vec4 color;

    void main() {
        gl_Position = particle_transform_vertex();
        color = in_attr_inst_color;
        texcoord = particle_transform_uv();
    }
    "#;

    pub const FRAGMENT: &str = r#"#version 100
    varying lowp vec2 texcoord;
    varying lowp vec4 color;

    uniform sampler2D texture;

    void main() {
        gl_FragColor = texture2D(texture, texcoord) * color;
    }
    "#;

    pub fn meta() -> ShaderMeta {
        ShaderMeta {
            images: vec!["texture".to_string()],
            uniforms: UniformBlockLayout {
                uniforms: vec![
                    UniformDesc::new("_mvp", UniformType::Mat4),
                    UniformDesc::new("_local_coords", UniformType::Float1),
                    UniformDesc::new("_emitter_position", UniformType::Float3),
                ],
            },
        }
    }

    #[repr(C)]
    pub struct Uniforms {
        pub mvp: Mat4,
        pub local_coords: f32,
        pub emitter_position: Vec3,
    }
}

mod post_processing_shader {
    use super::*;

    pub const VERTEX: &str = r#"#version 100
    attribute vec2 pos;
    attribute vec2 uv;

    varying lowp vec2 texcoord;

    void main() {
        gl_Position = vec4(pos, 0, 1);
        texcoord = uv;
    }
    "#;

    pub const FRAGMENT: &str = r#"#version 100
    precision lowp float;

    varying vec2 texcoord;
    uniform sampler2D tex;

    void main() {
        gl_FragColor = texture2D(tex, texcoord);
    }
    "#;

    pub fn meta() -> ShaderMeta {
        ShaderMeta {
            images: vec!["tex".to_string()],
            uniforms: UniformBlockLayout { uniforms: vec![] },
        }
    }
}