Crate legalis_th 

Legalis-TH: Thai Legal Framework

Comprehensive Thai legal framework implementation in Pure Rust.

Overview

Thailand operates under a Civil Law system with Buddhist influence. This library provides validation, types, and utilities for key Thai legislation:

Domain	Law	Year (B.E./CE)	Key Provisions
Constitution	รัฐธรรมนูญ	2560/2017	Fundamental rights, monarchy, Buddhism
Civil & Commercial	ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์	2535/1992	Obligations, contracts, property, family
Foreign Business	พ.ร.บ. ประกอบธุรกิจของคนต่างด้าว	2542/1999	Foreign ownership restrictions
Labor	พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองแรงงาน	2541/1998	48h/week, severance, SSF
Data Protection	พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล (PDPA)	2562/2019	Thailand’s GDPR
Investment	พ.ร.บ. ส่งเสริมการลงทุน (BOI)	2520/1977	Tax incentives, EEC
Land	ประมวลกฎหมายที่ดิน	2497/1954	Foreign ownership restrictions

Buddhist Era Calendar (พุทธศักราช - พ.ศ.)

Thailand uses the Buddhist Era calendar for all legal documents. The Buddhist Era is 543 years ahead of the Common Era.

use legalis_th::calendar::{ce_to_be, be_to_ce, BuddhistYear, BuddhistDate};

// Convert between calendars
assert_eq!(ce_to_be(2024), 2567);
assert_eq!(be_to_ce(2562), 2019); // PDPA year

// Create Buddhist dates
let date = BuddhistDate::new(15, 6, 2567).expect("valid date");
assert_eq!(date.format_th(), "15 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2567");

Thai Legal Citation Format

Thai legal citations follow specific formats:

use legalis_th::citation::{ThaiAct, ThaiConstitution};
use legalis_th::calendar::BuddhistYear;

// Act citation
let pdpa = ThaiAct::new(
    "คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล",
    "Personal Data Protection Act",
    BuddhistYear::from_be(2562),
);
assert_eq!(pdpa.format_th(), "พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล พ.ศ. 2562");

// Section reference
let section = pdpa.section(26);
assert_eq!(section.format_th(), "พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล พ.ศ. 2562 มาตรา 26");

// Constitution citation
let constitution = ThaiConstitution::current(); // 2560/2017
assert_eq!(constitution.format_th(), "รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งราชอาณาจักรไทย พ.ศ. 2560");

Key Legal Principles

Foreign Business Act (FBA) - พ.ร.บ. ประกอบธุรกิจของคนต่างด้าว พ.ศ. 2542

Three-tier restriction system for foreign businesses:

List	Restriction	Examples
List 1	Prohibited	Media, land trading, forestry
List 2	Cabinet approval required	Arms, domestic transport
List 3	License required	Retail, construction, legal services

Exemptions available for:

• BOI-promoted investments
• ASEAN treaty benefits
• US Treaty of Amity

Labor Protection Act (LPA) - พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองแรงงาน พ.ศ. 2541

Provision	Details
Working Hours	48h/week maximum (8h/day, 6 days)
Overtime	Max 36h/week with consent
Rest Days	Minimum 1 day/week
Public Holidays	Minimum 13 days/year
Annual Leave	6+ days after 1 year
Sick Leave	Up to 30 days/year with pay
Severance	30-400 days based on tenure

Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) - พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล พ.ศ. 2562

Aspect	PDPA (Thailand)
Legal Bases	6 (consent, contract, legal obligation, vital interests, public task, legitimate interests)
Data Subject Rights	8 (access, rectification, erasure, restriction, portability, objection, automated decisions)
Breach Notification	72 hours to PDPC
Authority	PDPC (Personal Data Protection Committee)
Penalties	Up to 5M THB (admin), 1M THB (criminal)

Board of Investment (BOI) - คณะกรรมการส่งเสริมการลงทุน

Incentive Category	CIT Exemption	Import Duty	Other
A1 (High Priority)	8 years + 50% 5 years	0%	Zone benefits
A2	8 years	0%	Zone benefits
A3	5 years	0%	-
A4	3 years	0%	-
B1-B2	0 years	0%	Import duty only

Module Structure

Core Infrastructure

• calendar - Buddhist Era calendar system
• citation - Thai legal citation formatting

Civil and Commercial Law

• civil_commercial_code - CCC Books I-VI (General, Obligations, Contracts, Commercial, Family, Succession)

Business and Investment

• company_act - Public Limited Companies Act
• foreign_business - Foreign Business Act (FBA)
• investment_promotion - Board of Investment (BOI)
• land_code - Land Code and property rights
• competition_law - Trade Competition Act

Labor and Employment

• labor_law - Labor Protection Act (LPA)

Data and Consumer Protection

• data_protection - Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA)
• consumer_protection - Consumer Protection Act

Tax and Customs

• tax_law - Revenue Code (CIT, PIT, VAT) and Customs

Criminal and Procedural Law

• criminal_code - Criminal Code
• arbitration - Arbitration Act
• bankruptcy - Bankruptcy Act

Regulatory and Specialized Law

• immigration - Immigration Act (visas, work permits)
• intellectual_property - IP Law (patents, trademarks, copyrights)
• securities_law - Securities and Exchange Act

Bilingual Support

All types support both Thai (authoritative) and English:

use legalis_th::citation::ThaiCourtLevel;

let court = ThaiCourtLevel::SupremeCourt;
assert_eq!(court.name_th(), "ศาลฎีกา");
assert_eq!(court.name_en(), "Supreme Court");

References

• Royal Thai Government Gazette
• Office of the Council of State
• Board of Investment
• Department of Labour Protection
• PDPC - Personal Data Protection Committee

Re-exports

pub use calendar::BE_CE_OFFSET;

pub use calendar::BuddhistDate;

pub use calendar::BuddhistYear;

pub use calendar::ThaiEra;

pub use calendar::be_to_ce;

pub use calendar::ce_to_be;

pub use calendar::format_buddhist_year;

pub use calendar::format_buddhist_year_en;

pub use citation::ThaiAct;

pub use citation::ThaiActSection;

pub use citation::ThaiCitation;

pub use citation::ThaiConstitution;

pub use citation::ThaiConstitutionSection;

pub use citation::ThaiCourtDecision;

pub use citation::ThaiCourtLevel;

pub use citation::ThaiLegalInstrumentType;

pub use data_protection::DataCategory;

pub use data_protection::DataSubjectRight;

pub use data_protection::LegalBasis;

pub use data_protection::PdpaCompliance;

pub use data_protection::PdpaError;

pub use data_protection::PdpaResult;

pub use data_protection::PersonalDataProcessing;

pub use data_protection::ProcessingPurpose;

pub use foreign_business::BusinessActivity;

pub use foreign_business::BusinessRestrictionList;

pub use foreign_business::FbaCompliance;

pub use foreign_business::FbaError;

pub use foreign_business::FbaResult;

pub use foreign_business::ForeignBusinessLicense;

pub use foreign_business::OwnershipStructure;

pub use labor_law::EmploymentContract;

pub use labor_law::EmploymentType;

pub use labor_law::LaborCompliance;

pub use labor_law::LpaError;

pub use labor_law::LpaResult;

pub use labor_law::Severance;

pub use labor_law::TerminationType;

pub use labor_law::WorkingHours;

pub use civil_commercial_code::AdoptionRequirement;

pub use civil_commercial_code::AgentType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::BuyerObligation;

pub use civil_commercial_code::CommercialAct;

pub use civil_commercial_code::CommercialBusiness;

pub use civil_commercial_code::CommercialRegistrationType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::Contract;

pub use civil_commercial_code::ContractRemedy;

pub use civil_commercial_code::ContractRequirement;

pub use civil_commercial_code::DamagesType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::DisinheritanceGround;

pub use civil_commercial_code::DivorceGround;

pub use civil_commercial_code::DomicileType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::Estate;

pub use civil_commercial_code::HeirClass;

pub use civil_commercial_code::InterpretationPrinciple;

pub use civil_commercial_code::JuristicActValidity;

pub use civil_commercial_code::LeaseContract;

pub use civil_commercial_code::LeaseType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::LegalCapacity;

pub use civil_commercial_code::LimitationPeriod;

pub use civil_commercial_code::Marriage;

pub use civil_commercial_code::MarriageRequirement;

pub use civil_commercial_code::ObligationPerformance;

pub use civil_commercial_code::ObligationSource;

pub use civil_commercial_code::Person;

pub use civil_commercial_code::PropertyRegime;

pub use civil_commercial_code::SaleContract;

pub use civil_commercial_code::SecurityType;

pub use civil_commercial_code::SellerObligation;

pub use civil_commercial_code::SpecificContract;

pub use civil_commercial_code::SpouseShare;

pub use civil_commercial_code::TortLiability;

pub use civil_commercial_code::VoidableGround;

pub use civil_commercial_code::WillType;

pub use criminal_code::AggravatingCircumstance;

pub use criminal_code::CriminalResponsibility;

pub use criminal_code::MitigatingCircumstance;

pub use criminal_code::OffenseCategory;

pub use criminal_code::Punishment;

pub use criminal_code::StatuteOfLimitations;

pub use tax_law::CITRate;

pub use tax_law::CustomsDutyType;

pub use tax_law::CustomsProcedure;

pub use tax_law::FilingPeriod;

pub use tax_law::PITBracket;

pub use tax_law::PreferentialScheme;

pub use tax_law::TaxType;

pub use tax_law::VAT_REGISTRATION_THRESHOLD;

pub use tax_law::VATRate;

pub use tax_law::ValuationMethod;

pub use investment_promotion::BOIIncentive;

pub use investment_promotion::EECZone;

pub use investment_promotion::InvestmentZone;

pub use investment_promotion::PromotionCategory;

pub use intellectual_property::CopyrightWork;

pub use intellectual_property::IPType;

pub use intellectual_property::InfringementType;

pub use intellectual_property::PatentType;

pub use intellectual_property::TrademarkClass;

pub use immigration::ExtensionType;

pub use immigration::NINETY_DAY_REPORTING_REQUIRED;

pub use immigration::OverstayPenalty;

pub use immigration::VisaType;

pub use immigration::WorkPermitCategory;

pub use land_code::CONDO_FOREIGN_QUOTA_PERCENT;

pub use land_code::ForeignOwnershipRule;

pub use land_code::LandDocument;

pub use land_code::LandRight;

pub use land_code::LandUseZone;

pub use land_code::MAX_LEASE_RENEWALS;

pub use land_code::MAX_LEASE_TERM_YEARS;

pub use company_act::CompanyType;

pub use company_act::DirectorType;

pub use company_act::MIN_PAID_UP_CAPITAL_PERCENT;

pub use company_act::MIN_PUBLIC_COMPANY_CAPITAL;

pub use company_act::MeetingType;

pub use company_act::QuorumRequirement;

pub use company_act::ShareholderRight;

pub use securities_law::DisclosureType;

pub use securities_law::MarketType;

pub use securities_law::ProhibitedAct;

pub use securities_law::SecuritiesType;

pub use consumer_protection::ConsumerRight;

pub use consumer_protection::ProductStandard;

pub use consumer_protection::UnfairTerm;

pub use bankruptcy::ActOfBankruptcy;

pub use bankruptcy::BankruptcyType;

pub use bankruptcy::CreditorPriority;

pub use bankruptcy::MIN_DEBT_THRESHOLD;

pub use arbitration::ArbitrationInstitution;

pub use arbitration::ArbitrationType;

pub use arbitration::NEW_YORK_CONVENTION_RATIFIED;

pub use arbitration::SetAsideGround;

pub use competition_law::AbuseOfDominance;

pub use competition_law::MARKET_DOMINANCE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT;

pub use competition_law::MERGER_NOTIFICATION_THRESHOLD_THB;

pub use competition_law::ProhibitedPractice;

Modules

arbitration

Arbitration Act - พ.ร.บ. อนุญาโตตุลาการ พ.ศ. 2545

bankruptcy

Bankruptcy Act - พ.ร.บ. ล้มละลาย พ.ศ. 2483

calendar

Buddhist Era (พุทธศักราช - พ.ศ.) Calendar System for Thailand

citation

Thai Legal Citation System (การอ้างอิงกฎหมายไทย)

civil_commercial_code

Thai Civil and Commercial Code (CCC) - ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ พ.ศ. 2535

company_act

Public Limited Companies Act - พ.ร.บ. บริษัทมหาชนจำกัด พ.ศ. 2535

competition_law

Trade Competition Act - พ.ร.บ. การแข่งขันทางการค้า พ.ศ. 2560

consumer_protection

Consumer Protection Act - พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองผู้บริโภค พ.ศ. 2522

criminal_code

Thai Criminal Code - ประมวลกฎหมายอาญา พ.ศ. 2499

data_protection

Thai Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) - พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล พ.ศ. 2562

foreign_business

Thai Foreign Business Act (FBA) - พ.ร.บ. ประกอบธุรกิจของคนต่างด้าว พ.ศ. 2542

immigration

Thai Immigration Act - พ.ร.บ. คนเข้าเมือง พ.ศ. 2522

intellectual_property

Thai Intellectual Property Law

investment_promotion

Board of Investment (BOI) - คณะกรรมการส่งเสริมการลงทุน พ.ร.บ. ส่งเสริมการลงทุน พ.ศ. 2520

labor_law

Thai Labor Protection Act (LPA) - พ.ร.บ. คุ้มครองแรงงาน พ.ศ. 2541

land_code

Thai Land Code - ประมวลกฎหมายที่ดิน พ.ศ. 2497

securities_law

Securities and Exchange Act - พ.ร.บ. หลักทรัพย์และตลาดหลักทรัพย์ พ.ศ. 2535

tax_law

Thai Tax Law - กฎหมายภาษีอากร