key_paths_core/

lib.rs

use std::rc::Rc;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock};
use std::cell::RefCell;

/// Trait for no-clone callback-based access to container types
/// Provides methods to execute closures with references to values inside containers
/// without requiring cloning of the values
pub trait WithContainer<Root, Value> {
    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Arc
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_arc<F, R>(self, arc: &Arc<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Box
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_box<F, R>(self, boxed: &Box<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Box
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_box_mut<F, R>(self, boxed: &mut Box<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Rc
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_rc<F, R>(self, rc: &Rc<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Result
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_result<F, R, E>(self, result: &Result<Root, E>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Result
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_result_mut<F, R, E>(self, result: &mut Result<Root, E>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Option
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_option<F, R>(self, option: &Option<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside an Option
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_option_mut<F, R>(self, option: &mut Option<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a RefCell
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_refcell<F, R>(self, refcell: &RefCell<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a RefCell
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    fn with_refcell_mut<F, R>(self, refcell: &RefCell<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Mutex
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    fn with_mutex<F, R>(self, mutex: &Mutex<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Mutex
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    fn with_mutex_mut<F, R>(self, mutex: &mut Mutex<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an RwLock
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    fn with_rwlock<F, R>(self, rwlock: &RwLock<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R;

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside an RwLock
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    fn with_rwlock_mut<F, R>(self, rwlock: &mut RwLock<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R;
}

#[derive(Clone)]
/// Go to examples section to see the implementations
///
pub enum KeyPaths<Root, Value> {
    Readable(Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> &'a Value>),
    ReadableEnum {
        extract: Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value>>,
        embed: Rc<dyn Fn(Value) -> Root>,
    },
    FailableReadable(Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value>>),

    Writable(Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> &'a mut Value>),
    FailableWritable(Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> Option<&'a mut Value>>),
    WritableEnum {
        extract: Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value>>,
        extract_mut: Rc<dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> Option<&'a mut Value>>,
        embed: Rc<dyn Fn(Value) -> Root>,
    },



    // New Owned KeyPath types (value semantics)
    Owned(Rc<dyn Fn(Root) -> Value>),
    FailableOwned(Rc<dyn Fn(Root) -> Option<Value>>),    
}

impl<Root, Value> KeyPaths<Root, Value> {
    #[inline]
    pub fn readable(get: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> &'a Value + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::Readable(Rc::new(get))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn writable(get_mut: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> &'a mut Value + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::Writable(Rc::new(get_mut))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn failable_readable(
        get: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value> + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::FailableReadable(Rc::new(get))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn failable_writable(
        get_mut: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> Option<&'a mut Value> + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::FailableWritable(Rc::new(get_mut))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn readable_enum(
        embed: impl Fn(Value) -> Root + 'static,
        extract: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value> + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::ReadableEnum {
            extract: Rc::new(extract),
            embed: Rc::new(embed),
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn writable_enum(
        embed: impl Fn(Value) -> Root + 'static,
        extract: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value> + 'static,
        extract_mut: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a mut Root) -> Option<&'a mut Value> + 'static,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::WritableEnum {
            extract: Rc::new(extract),
            embed: Rc::new(embed),
            extract_mut: Rc::new(extract_mut),
        }
    }


    // New Owned KeyPath constructors
    #[inline]
    pub fn owned(get: impl Fn(Root) -> Value + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::Owned(Rc::new(get))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn failable_owned(get: impl Fn(Root) -> Option<Value> + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::FailableOwned(Rc::new(get))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn owned_writable(get: impl Fn(Root) -> Value + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::Owned(Rc::new(get))
    }
    
    #[inline]
    pub fn failable_owned_writable(get: impl Fn(Root) -> Option<Value> + 'static) -> Self {
        Self::FailableOwned(Rc::new(get))
    }
}

impl<Root, Value> KeyPaths<Root, Value> {
    /// Get an immutable reference if possible
    #[inline]
    pub fn get<'a>(&'a self, root: &'a Root) -> Option<&'a Value> {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => Some(f(root)),
            KeyPaths::Writable(_) => None, // Writable requires mut
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => f(root),
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(_) => None, // needs mut
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, .. } => extract(root),
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract, .. } => extract(root),
            // New owned keypath types (don't work with references)
            KeyPaths::Owned(_) => None, // Owned keypaths don't work with references
            KeyPaths::FailableOwned(_) => None, // Owned keypaths don't work with references
        }
    }

    /// Get an immutable reference when Root is itself a reference (&T)
    /// This enables using keypaths with collections of references like Vec<&T>
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_ref<'a, 'b>(&'a self, root: &'b &Root) -> Option<&'b Value> 
    where
        'a: 'b,
    {
        self.get(*root)
    }

    /// Get a mutable reference if possible
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_mut<'a>(&'a self, root: &'a mut Root) -> Option<&'a mut Value> {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(_) => None, // immutable only
            KeyPaths::Writable(f) => Some(f(root)),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(_) => None, // immutable only
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(f) => f(root),
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { .. } => None, // immutable only
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract_mut, .. } => extract_mut(root),
            // New owned keypath types (don't work with references)
            KeyPaths::Owned(_) => None, // Owned keypaths don't work with references
            KeyPaths::FailableOwned(_) => None, // Owned keypaths don't work with references
        }
    }

    /// Get a mutable reference when Root is itself a mutable reference (&mut T)
    /// This enables using writable keypaths with collections of mutable references
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_mut_ref<'a, 'b>(&'a self, root: &'b mut &mut Root) -> Option<&'b mut Value> 
    where
        'a: 'b,
    {
        self.get_mut(*root)
    }

    // ===== Smart Pointer / Container Adapter Methods =====
    // These methods create new keypaths that work with wrapped types
    // Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with Vec<Arc<T>>, Vec<Box<T>>, etc.

    /// Adapt this keypath to work with Arc<Root>
    /// Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with collections like Vec<Arc<T>>
    #[inline]
    pub fn for_arc(self) -> KeyPaths<Arc<Root>, Value>
    where
        Root: 'static,
        Value: 'static,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => KeyPaths::Readable(Rc::new(move |root: &Arc<Root>| {
                f(&**root)
            })),
            KeyPaths::Writable(_) => {
                // Writable doesn't work with Arc (no mutable access)
                panic!("Cannot create writable keypath for Arc (Arc is immutable)")
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Arc<Root>| f(&**root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, embed } => KeyPaths::ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Arc<Root>| extract(&**root)),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Arc::new(embed(value))),
            },
            other => panic!("Unsupported keypath variant for Arc adapter: {:?}", kind_name(&other)),
        }
    }

    /// Adapt this keypath to work with Box<Root>
    /// Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with collections like Vec<Box<T>>
    #[inline]
    pub fn for_box(self) -> KeyPaths<Box<Root>, Value>
    where
        Root: 'static,
        Value: 'static,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => KeyPaths::Readable(Rc::new(move |root: &Box<Root>| {
                f(&**root)
            })),
            KeyPaths::Writable(f) => KeyPaths::Writable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Box<Root>| {
                f(&mut **root)
            })),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Box<Root>| f(&**root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Box<Root>| f(&mut **root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, embed } => KeyPaths::ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Box<Root>| extract(&**root)),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Box::new(embed(value))),
            },
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract, extract_mut, embed } => KeyPaths::WritableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Box<Root>| extract(&**root)),
                extract_mut: Rc::new(move |root: &mut Box<Root>| extract_mut(&mut **root)),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Box::new(embed(value))),
            },
            other => panic!("Unsupported keypath variant for Box adapter: {:?}", kind_name(&other)),
        }
    }

    /// Adapt this keypath to work with Rc<Root>
    /// Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with collections like Vec<Rc<T>>
    #[inline]
    pub fn for_rc(self) -> KeyPaths<Rc<Root>, Value>
    where
        Root: 'static,
        Value: 'static,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => KeyPaths::Readable(Rc::new(move |root: &Rc<Root>| {
                f(&**root)
            })),
            KeyPaths::Writable(_) => {
                // Writable doesn't work with Rc (no mutable access)
                panic!("Cannot create writable keypath for Rc (Rc is immutable)")
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Rc<Root>| f(&**root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, embed } => KeyPaths::ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Rc<Root>| extract(&**root)),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Rc::new(embed(value))),
            },
            other => panic!("Unsupported keypath variant for Rc adapter: {:?}", kind_name(&other)),
        }
    }

    /// Adapt this keypath to work with Result<Root, E>
    /// Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with Result types
    /// Note: This creates a FailableReadable keypath since Result can be Err
    #[inline]
    pub fn for_result<E>(self) -> KeyPaths<Result<Root, E>, Value>
    where
        Root: 'static,
        Value: 'static,
        E: 'static,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Result<Root, E>| {
                root.as_ref().ok().map(|r| f(r))
            })),
            KeyPaths::Writable(f) => KeyPaths::FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Result<Root, E>| {
                root.as_mut().ok().map(|r| f(r))
            })),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Result<Root, E>| {
                    root.as_ref().ok().and_then(|r| f(r))
                }))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Result<Root, E>| {
                    root.as_mut().ok().and_then(|r| f(r))
                }))
            }
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, embed } => KeyPaths::ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Result<Root, E>| {
                    root.as_ref().ok().and_then(|r| extract(r))
                }),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Ok(embed(value))),
            },
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract, extract_mut, embed } => KeyPaths::WritableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Result<Root, E>| {
                    root.as_ref().ok().and_then(|r| extract(r))
                }),
                extract_mut: Rc::new(move |root: &mut Result<Root, E>| {
                    root.as_mut().ok().and_then(|r| extract_mut(r))
                }),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Ok(embed(value))),
            },
            other => panic!("Unsupported keypath variant for Result adapter: {:?}", kind_name(&other)),
        }
    }

    /// Adapt this keypath to work with Option<Root>
    /// Enables using KeyPaths<T, V> with Option types
    /// Note: This creates a FailableReadable/FailableWritable keypath since Option can be None
    #[inline]
    pub fn for_option(self) -> KeyPaths<Option<Root>, Value>
    where
        Root: 'static,
        Value: 'static,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Option<Root>| {
                root.as_ref().map(|r| f(r))
            })),
            KeyPaths::Writable(f) => KeyPaths::FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Option<Root>| {
                root.as_mut().map(|r| f(r))
            })),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |root: &Option<Root>| {
                    root.as_ref().and_then(|r| f(r))
                }))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(f) => {
                KeyPaths::FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |root: &mut Option<Root>| {
                    root.as_mut().and_then(|r| f(r))
                }))
            }
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, embed } => KeyPaths::ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Option<Root>| {
                    root.as_ref().and_then(|r| extract(r))
                }),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Some(embed(value))),
            },
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract, extract_mut, embed } => KeyPaths::WritableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |root: &Option<Root>| {
                    root.as_ref().and_then(|r| extract(r))
                }),
                extract_mut: Rc::new(move |root: &mut Option<Root>| {
                    root.as_mut().and_then(|r| extract_mut(r))
                }),
                embed: Rc::new(move |value| Some(embed(value))),
            },
            other => panic!("Unsupported keypath variant for Option adapter: {:?}", kind_name(&other)),
        }
    }

    // ===== WithContainer Trait Implementation =====
    // All with_* methods are now implemented via the WithContainer trait

    pub fn embed(&self, value: Value) -> Option<Root>
    where
        Value: Clone,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { embed, .. } => Some(embed(value)),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    pub fn embed_mut(&self, value: Value) -> Option<Root>
    where
        Value: Clone,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { embed, .. } => Some(embed(value)),
            _ => None,
        }
    }


    // ===== Owned KeyPath Accessor Methods =====

    /// Get an owned value (primary method for owned keypaths)
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_owned(self, root: Root) -> Value {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Owned(f) => f(root),
            _ => panic!("get_owned only works with owned keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Get an owned value with failable access
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_failable_owned(self, root: Root) -> Option<Value> {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::FailableOwned(f) => f(root),
            _ => panic!("get_failable_owned only works with failable owned keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Iter over immutable references if `Value: IntoIterator`
    pub fn iter<'a, T>(&'a self, root: &'a Root) -> Option<<&'a Value as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>
    where
        &'a Value: IntoIterator<Item = &'a T>,
        T: 'a,
    {
        self.get(root).map(|v| v.into_iter())
    }

    /// Iter over mutable references if `&mut Value: IntoIterator`
    pub fn iter_mut<'a, T>(
        &'a self,
        root: &'a mut Root,
    ) -> Option<<&'a mut Value as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>
    where
        &'a mut Value: IntoIterator<Item = &'a mut T>,
        T: 'a,
    {
        self.get_mut(root).map(|v| v.into_iter())
    }

    /// Consume root and iterate if `Value: IntoIterator`
    #[inline]
    pub fn into_iter<T>(self, root: Root) -> Option<<Value as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>
    where
        Value: IntoIterator<Item = T> + Clone,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(f) => Some(f(&root).clone().into_iter()), // requires Clone
            KeyPaths::Writable(_) => None,
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(f) => f(&root).map(|v| v.clone().into_iter()),
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(_) => None,
            KeyPaths::ReadableEnum { extract, .. } => extract(&root).map(|v| v.clone().into_iter()),
            KeyPaths::WritableEnum { extract, .. } => extract(&root).map(|v| v.clone().into_iter()),
            // New owned keypath types
            KeyPaths::Owned(f) => Some(f(root).into_iter()),
            KeyPaths::FailableOwned(f) => f(root).map(|v| v.into_iter()),
        }
    }
}

// ===== WithContainer Trait Implementation =====
impl<Root, Value> WithContainer<Root, Value> for KeyPaths<Root, Value> {
    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Arc
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_arc<F, R>(self, arc: &Arc<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => f(get(&**arc)),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                if let Some(value) = get(&**arc) {
                    f(value)
                } else {
                    panic!("FailableReadable keypath returned None for Arc")
                }
            }
            _ => panic!("with_arc only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Box
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_box<F, R>(self, boxed: &Box<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => f(get(&**boxed)),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                if let Some(value) = get(&**boxed) {
                    f(value)
                } else {
                    panic!("FailableReadable keypath returned None for Box")
                }
            }
            _ => panic!("with_box only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Box
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_box_mut<F, R>(self, boxed: &mut Box<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => f(get(&mut **boxed)),
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                if let Some(value) = get(&mut **boxed) {
                    f(value)
                } else {
                    panic!("FailableWritable keypath returned None for Box")
                }
            }
            _ => panic!("with_box_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Rc
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_rc<F, R>(self, rc: &Rc<Root>, f: F) -> R
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => f(get(&**rc)),
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                if let Some(value) = get(&**rc) {
                    f(value)
                } else {
                    panic!("FailableReadable keypath returned None for Rc")
                }
            }
            _ => panic!("with_rc only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Result
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_result<F, R, E>(self, result: &Result<Root, E>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => {
                result.as_ref().ok().map(|root| f(get(root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                result.as_ref().ok().and_then(|root| get(root).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_result only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Result
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_result_mut<F, R, E>(self, result: &mut Result<Root, E>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => {
                result.as_mut().ok().map(|root| f(get(root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                result.as_mut().ok().and_then(|root| get(root).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_result_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an Option
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_option<F, R>(self, option: &Option<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => {
                option.as_ref().map(|root| f(get(root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                option.as_ref().and_then(|root| get(root).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_option only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside an Option
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_option_mut<F, R>(self, option: &mut Option<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => {
                option.as_mut().map(|root| f(get(root)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                option.as_mut().and_then(|root| get(root).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_option_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a RefCell
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_refcell<F, R>(self, refcell: &RefCell<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => {
                refcell.try_borrow().ok().map(|borrow| f(get(&*borrow)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                refcell.try_borrow().ok().and_then(|borrow| get(&*borrow).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_refcell only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a RefCell
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references directly
    #[inline]
    fn with_refcell_mut<F, R>(self, refcell: &RefCell<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => {
                refcell.try_borrow_mut().ok().map(|mut borrow| f(get(&mut *borrow)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                refcell.try_borrow_mut().ok().and_then(|mut borrow| get(&mut *borrow).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_refcell_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside a Mutex
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    #[inline]
    fn with_mutex<F, R>(self, mutex: &Mutex<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => {
                mutex.try_lock().ok().map(|guard| f(get(&*guard)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                mutex.try_lock().ok().and_then(|guard| get(&*guard).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_mutex only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside a Mutex
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    #[inline]
    fn with_mutex_mut<F, R>(self, mutex: &mut Mutex<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => {
                mutex.try_lock().ok().map(|mut guard| f(get(&mut *guard)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                mutex.try_lock().ok().and_then(|mut guard| get(&mut *guard).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_mutex_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a reference to the value inside an RwLock
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    #[inline]
    fn with_rwlock<F, R>(self, rwlock: &RwLock<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Readable(get) => {
                rwlock.try_read().ok().map(|guard| f(get(&*guard)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableReadable(get) => {
                rwlock.try_read().ok().and_then(|guard| get(&*guard).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_rwlock only works with readable keypaths"),
        }
    }

    /// Execute a closure with a mutable reference to the value inside an RwLock
    /// This avoids cloning by working with references while the guard is alive
    #[inline]
    fn with_rwlock_mut<F, R>(self, rwlock: &mut RwLock<Root>, f: F) -> Option<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut Value) -> R,
    {
        match self {
            KeyPaths::Writable(get) => {
                rwlock.try_write().ok().map(|mut guard| f(get(&mut *guard)))
            }
            KeyPaths::FailableWritable(get) => {
                rwlock.try_write().ok().and_then(|mut guard| get(&mut *guard).map(|v| f(v)))
            }
            _ => panic!("with_rwlock_mut only works with writable keypaths"),
        }
    }
}

impl<Root, Mid> KeyPaths<Root, Mid>
where
    Root: 'static,
    Mid: 'static,
{
    /// Alias for `compose` for ergonomic chaining.
    #[inline]
    pub fn then<Value>(self, mid: KeyPaths<Mid, Value>) -> KeyPaths<Root, Value>
    where
        Value: 'static,
    {
        self.compose(mid)
    }

    pub fn compose<Value>(self, mid: KeyPaths<Mid, Value>) -> KeyPaths<Root, Value>
    where
        Value: 'static,
    {
        use KeyPaths::*;

        match (self, mid) {
            (Readable(f1), Readable(f2)) => Readable(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r)))),

            (Writable(f1), Writable(f2)) => Writable(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r)))),

            (FailableReadable(f1), Readable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (Readable(f1), FailableReadable(f2)) => FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r)))),

            (FailableReadable(f1), FailableReadable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (FailableWritable(f1), Writable(f2)) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (Writable(f1), FailableWritable(f2)) => FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r)))),

            (FailableWritable(f1), FailableWritable(f2)) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }
            (FailableReadable(f1), ReadableEnum { extract, .. }) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).and_then(|m| extract(m))))
            }
            // (ReadableEnum { extract, .. }, FailableReadable(f2)) => {
            //     FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| extract(r).map(|m| f2(m).unwrap())))
            // }
            (ReadableEnum { extract, .. }, Readable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| extract(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (ReadableEnum { extract, .. }, FailableReadable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| extract(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (WritableEnum { extract, .. }, Readable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| extract(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (WritableEnum { extract, .. }, FailableReadable(f2)) => {
                FailableReadable(Rc::new(move |r| extract(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (WritableEnum { extract_mut, .. }, Writable(f2)) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r| extract_mut(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            (
                FailableWritable(f_root_mid),
                WritableEnum {
                    extract_mut: exm_mid_val,
                    ..
                },
            ) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r: &mut Root| {
                    // First, apply the function that operates on Root.
                    // This will give us `Option<&mut Mid>`.
                    let intermediate_mid_ref = f_root_mid(r);

                    // Then, apply the function that operates on Mid.
                    // This will give us `Option<&mut Value>`.
                    intermediate_mid_ref.and_then(|intermediate_mid| exm_mid_val(intermediate_mid))
                }))
            }

            (WritableEnum { extract_mut, .. }, FailableWritable(f2)) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r| extract_mut(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            // New: Writable then WritableEnum => FailableWritable
            (Writable(f1), WritableEnum { extract_mut, .. }) => {
                FailableWritable(Rc::new(move |r: &mut Root| {
                    let mid: &mut Mid = f1(r);
                    extract_mut(mid)
                }))
            }

            (
                ReadableEnum {
                    extract: ex1,
                    embed: em1,
                },
                ReadableEnum {
                    extract: ex2,
                    embed: em2,
                },
            ) => ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |r| ex1(r).and_then(|m| ex2(m))),
                embed: Rc::new(move |v| em1(em2(v))),
            },

            (
                WritableEnum {
                    extract: ex1,
                    extract_mut: _,
                    embed: em1,
                },
                ReadableEnum {
                    extract: ex2,
                    embed: em2,
                },
            ) => ReadableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |r| ex1(r).and_then(|m| ex2(m))),
                embed: Rc::new(move |v| em1(em2(v))),
            },

            (
                WritableEnum {
                    extract: ex1,
                    extract_mut: exm1,
                    embed: em1,
                },
                WritableEnum {
                    extract: ex2,
                    extract_mut: exm2,
                    embed: em2,
                },
            ) => WritableEnum {
                extract: Rc::new(move |r| ex1(r).and_then(|m| ex2(m))),
                extract_mut: Rc::new(move |r| exm1(r).and_then(|m| exm2(m))),
                embed: Rc::new(move |v| em1(em2(v))),
            },


            // New owned keypath compositions
            (Owned(f1), Owned(f2)) => {
                Owned(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r))))
            }
            (FailableOwned(f1), Owned(f2)) => {
                FailableOwned(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).map(|m| f2(m))))
            }
            (Owned(f1), FailableOwned(f2)) => {
                FailableOwned(Rc::new(move |r| f2(f1(r))))
            }
            (FailableOwned(f1), FailableOwned(f2)) => {
                FailableOwned(Rc::new(move |r| f1(r).and_then(|m| f2(m))))
            }

            // Cross-composition between owned and regular keypaths
            // Note: These compositions require Clone bounds which may not always be available
            // For now, we'll skip these complex compositions

            (a, b) => panic!(
                "Unsupported composition: {:?} then {:?}",
                kind_name(&a),
                kind_name(&b)
            ),
        }
    }

    /// Get the kind name of this keypath
    #[inline]
    pub fn kind_name(&self) -> &'static str {
        kind_name(self)
    }
}

fn kind_name<Root, Value>(k: &KeyPaths<Root, Value>) -> &'static str {
    use KeyPaths::*;
    match k {
        Readable(_) => "Readable",
        Writable(_) => "Writable",
        FailableReadable(_) => "FailableReadable",
        FailableWritable(_) => "FailableWritable",
        ReadableEnum { .. } => "ReadableEnum",
        WritableEnum { .. } => "WritableEnum",
        // New owned keypath types
        Owned(_) => "Owned",
        FailableOwned(_) => "FailableOwned",
    }
}

// ===== Helper functions for creating reusable getter functions =====
// Note: These helper functions have lifetime constraints that make them
// difficult to implement in Rust's current type system. The keypath
// instances themselves can be used directly for access.

// ===== Global compose function =====

/// Global compose function that combines two compatible key paths
pub fn compose<Root, Mid, Value>(
    kp1: KeyPaths<Root, Mid>,
    kp2: KeyPaths<Mid, Value>,
) -> KeyPaths<Root, Value>
where
    Root: 'static,
    Mid: 'static,
    Value: 'static,
{
    kp1.compose(kp2)
}

// ===== Helper macros for enum case keypaths =====

#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readable_enum_macro {
    // Unit variant: Enum::Variant
    ($enum:path, $variant:ident) => {{
        $crate::KeyPaths::readable_enum(
            |_| <$enum>::$variant,
            |e: &$enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant => Some(&()),
                _ => None,
            },
        )
    }};
    // Single-field tuple variant: Enum::Variant(Inner)
    ($enum:path, $variant:ident($inner:ty)) => {{
        $crate::KeyPaths::readable_enum(
            |v: $inner| <$enum>::$variant(v),
            |e: &$enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant(v) => Some(v),
                _ => None,
            },
        )
    }};
}

#[macro_export]
macro_rules! writable_enum_macro {
    // Unit variant: Enum::Variant (creates prism to and from ())
    ($enum:path, $variant:ident) => {{
        $crate::KeyPaths::writable_enum(
            |_| <$enum>::$variant,
            |e: &$enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant => Some(&()),
                _ => None,
            },
            |e: &mut $enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant => Some(&mut ()),
                _ => None,
            },
        )
    }};
    // Single-field tuple variant: Enum::Variant(Inner)
    ($enum:path, $variant:ident($inner:ty)) => {{
        $crate::KeyPaths::writable_enum(
            |v: $inner| <$enum>::$variant(v),
            |e: &$enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant(v) => Some(v),
                _ => None,
            },
            |e: &mut $enum| match e {
                <$enum>::$variant(v) => Some(v),
                _ => None,
            },
        )
    }};
}