kcl_lib/std/

extrude.rs

//! Functions related to extruding.

use std::collections::HashMap;

use anyhow::Result;
use indexmap::IndexMap;
use kcmc::ModelingCmd;
use kcmc::each_cmd as mcmd;
use kcmc::length_unit::LengthUnit;
use kcmc::ok_response::OkModelingCmdResponse;
use kcmc::output::ExtrusionFaceInfo;
use kcmc::shared::ExtrudeReference;
use kcmc::shared::ExtrusionFaceCapType;
use kcmc::shared::Opposite;
use kcmc::shared::Point3d as KPoint3d; // Point3d is already defined in this pkg, to impl ts_rs traits.
use kcmc::websocket::ModelingCmdReq;
use kcmc::websocket::OkWebSocketResponseData;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::Angle;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::BodyType;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::DirectionType;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::EntityReference;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::ExtrudeMethod;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::shared::Point2d;
use kittycad_modeling_cmds::{self as kcmc};
use uuid::Uuid;

use super::DEFAULT_TOLERANCE_MM;
use super::args::FromKclValue;
use super::args::TyF64;
use super::utils::point_to_mm;
use crate::errors::KclError;
use crate::errors::KclErrorDetails;
use crate::execution::ArtifactId;
use crate::execution::CreatorEdge;
use crate::execution::CreatorFace;
use crate::execution::ExecState;
use crate::execution::ExecutorContext;
use crate::execution::Extrudable;
use crate::execution::ExtrudePlane;
use crate::execution::ExtrudeSurface;
use crate::execution::GeoMeta;
use crate::execution::Geometry;
use crate::execution::KclValue;
use crate::execution::Metadata;
use crate::execution::ModelingCmdMeta;
use crate::execution::Path;
use crate::execution::ProfileClosed;
use crate::execution::Segment;
use crate::execution::SegmentKind;
use crate::execution::Sketch;
use crate::execution::SketchSurface;
use crate::execution::Solid;
use crate::execution::SolidCreator;
use crate::execution::TagEngineInfo;
use crate::execution::TagIdentifier;
use crate::execution::annotations;
use crate::execution::types::ArrayLen;
use crate::execution::types::PrimitiveType;
use crate::execution::types::RuntimeType;
use crate::parsing::ast::types::TagDeclarator;
use crate::parsing::ast::types::TagNode;
use crate::std::Args;
use crate::std::axis_or_reference::Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference;
use crate::std::axis_or_reference::Point3dOrEdgeReference;
use crate::std::edge::{self};
use crate::std::solver::create_segments_in_engine;

fn must_be_lengths_err(source_range: crate::SourceRange) -> KclError {
    KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
        "The components of `direction` must be lengths, e.g. `[0, 0, 1]` or `[1mm, 0mm, 1in]`".to_owned(),
        vec![source_range],
    ))
}

/// Extrudes by a given amount.
pub async fn extrude(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
    let sketch_values: Vec<KclValue> = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg(
        "sketches",
        &RuntimeType::Array(
            Box::new(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any)),
            ArrayLen::Minimum(1),
        ),
        exec_state,
    )?;

    let length: Option<TyF64> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("length", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
    let to_raw = args.get_kw_arg_opt(
        "to",
        &RuntimeType::Union(vec![
            RuntimeType::point3d(),
            RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Axis3d),
            RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Edge),
            RuntimeType::plane(),
            RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Face),
            RuntimeType::sketch(),
            RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Solid),
            RuntimeType::tagged_edge(),
            RuntimeType::tagged_face(),
            RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any),
        ]),
        exec_state,
    )?;
    let to = match to_raw {
        None => None,
        Some(v) => {
            let inner = if let KclValue::Object { value: ref obj, .. } = v {
                if edge::is_edge_specifier_object(&v) {
                    Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::EdgeToReference(edge::parse_edge_specifier_object(obj, &args)?)
                } else {
                    Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::from_kcl_val(&v).ok_or_else(|| {
                        KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                            "Invalid value for `to`".to_owned(),
                            vec![args.source_range],
                        ))
                    })?
                }
            } else {
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::from_kcl_val(&v).ok_or_else(|| {
                    KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                        "Invalid value for `to`".to_owned(),
                        vec![args.source_range],
                    ))
                })?
            };
            Some(inner)
        }
    };
    let symmetric = args.get_kw_arg_opt("symmetric", &RuntimeType::bool(), exec_state)?;
    let bidirectional_length: Option<TyF64> =
        args.get_kw_arg_opt("bidirectionalLength", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
    let direction_raw = args.get_kw_arg_opt("direction", &RuntimeType::any(), exec_state)?;
    let direction = match direction_raw {
        None => None,
        Some(v) => {
            let inner = if edge::is_edge_specifier_object(&v) {
                Point3dOrEdgeReference::EdgeSpecifier(edge::parse_edge_specifier_value(&v, &args)?)
            } else {
                Point3dOrEdgeReference::from_kcl_val(&v).ok_or_else(|| {
                    KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                        "Invalid value for `direction`".to_owned(),
                        vec![args.source_range],
                    ))
                })?
            };
            if let Point3dOrEdgeReference::Point(point) = &inner
                && !point.iter().all(|component| component.is_length_compatible())
            {
                return Err(must_be_lengths_err(args.source_range));
            }
            Some(inner)
        }
    };
    let tag_start = args.get_kw_arg_opt("tagStart", &RuntimeType::tag_decl(), exec_state)?;
    let tag_end = args.get_kw_arg_opt("tagEnd", &RuntimeType::tag_decl(), exec_state)?;
    let draft_angle: Option<TyF64> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("draftAngle", &RuntimeType::degrees(), exec_state)?;
    let twist_angle: Option<TyF64> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("twistAngle", &RuntimeType::degrees(), exec_state)?;
    let twist_angle_step: Option<TyF64> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("twistAngleStep", &RuntimeType::degrees(), exec_state)?;
    let twist_center: Option<[TyF64; 2]> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("twistCenter", &RuntimeType::point2d(), exec_state)?;
    let tolerance: Option<TyF64> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("tolerance", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
    let method: Option<String> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("method", &RuntimeType::string(), exec_state)?;
    let hide_seams: Option<bool> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("hideSeams", &RuntimeType::bool(), exec_state)?;
    let body_type: Option<BodyType> = args.get_kw_arg_opt("bodyType", &RuntimeType::string(), exec_state)?;
    let target_argument_source_range = args
        .unlabeled_kw_arg_unconverted()
        .map(|arg| arg.source_range)
        .unwrap_or(args.source_range);
    let direct_target_edges = sketch_values
        .iter()
        .filter_map(|value| {
            let KclValue::TagIdentifier(tag) = value else {
                return None;
            };
            Some(tag.clone())
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let extruding_sketch_segments = sketch_values.iter().all(|value| value.clone().into_segment().is_some());
    let sketches = coerce_extrude_targets(
        sketch_values,
        body_type.unwrap_or_default(),
        tag_start.as_ref(),
        tag_end.as_ref(),
        exec_state,
        &args.ctx,
        args.source_range,
    )
    .await?;

    if let [tag] = direct_target_edges.as_slice() {
        edge::record_refactor_meta_for_direct_tag(exec_state, tag, target_argument_source_range, &args).await?;
    }

    let result = inner_extrude(
        sketches,
        length,
        to,
        symmetric,
        direction,
        bidirectional_length,
        tag_start,
        tag_end,
        draft_angle,
        twist_angle,
        twist_angle_step,
        twist_center,
        tolerance,
        method,
        hide_seams,
        body_type,
        extruding_sketch_segments,
        exec_state,
        args,
    )
    .await?;

    Ok(result.into())
}

pub async fn coerce_extrude_targets(
    sketch_values: Vec<KclValue>,
    body_type: BodyType,
    tag_start: Option<&TagNode>,
    tag_end: Option<&TagNode>,
    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
    ctx: &ExecutorContext,
    source_range: crate::SourceRange,
) -> Result<Vec<Extrudable>, KclError> {
    let mut extrudables = Vec::new();
    let mut segments = Vec::new();

    for value in sketch_values {
        if let Some(segment) = value.clone().into_segment() {
            segments.push(segment);
            continue;
        }

        if edge::is_edge_specifier_object(&value) {
            extrudables.push(Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(edge::parse_edge_specifier_value_at(
                &value,
                source_range,
            )?));
            continue;
        }

        let Some(extrudable) = Extrudable::from_kcl_val(&value) else {
            return Err(KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Expected sketches, faces, tagged faces, or solved sketch segments for extrusion.".to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        };
        extrudables.push(extrudable);
    }

    if !segments.is_empty() && !extrudables.is_empty() {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Cannot extrude sketch segments together with sketches or faces in the same call. Use separate `extrude()` calls.".to_owned(),
            vec![source_range],
        )));
    }

    if !segments.is_empty() {
        if !matches!(body_type, BodyType::Surface) {
            let kind_of_extrude = match body_type {
                BodyType::Solid => "solid extrude",
                BodyType::Surface => "surface extrude",
                _ => "non-surface extrude",
            };
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!(
                    "You're trying to perform a {kind_of_extrude} on an edge, but edges can only be extruded with surface extrudes. To do a solid extrude, select a closed sketch region instead. To extrude these edges, do a surface extrude by using `bodyType = SURFACE` instead."
                ),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if tag_start.is_some() || tag_end.is_some() {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "`tagStart` and `tagEnd` are not supported when extruding sketch segments. Segment surface extrudes do not create start or end caps."
                    .to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        let synthetic_sketch = build_segment_surface_sketch(segments, exec_state, ctx, source_range).await?;
        return Ok(vec![Extrudable::from(synthetic_sketch)]);
    }

    // Edges behave like sketch segments: they can only be surface-extruded, they
    // don't create caps, and they can't be mixed with sketches or faces. Enforce
    // the same rules so these cases fail loudly instead of silently producing a
    // surface (or silently ignoring `tagStart`/`tagEnd`).
    let has_edge = extrudables.iter().any(|e| {
        matches!(
            e,
            Extrudable::Edge(_) | Extrudable::EdgeTag(_) | Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(_)
        )
    });
    if has_edge {
        let has_non_edge = extrudables.iter().any(|e| {
            !matches!(
                e,
                Extrudable::Edge(_) | Extrudable::EdgeTag(_) | Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(_)
            )
        });
        if has_non_edge {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Cannot extrude edges together with sketches or faces in the same call. Use separate `extrude()` calls.".to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if !matches!(body_type, BodyType::Surface) {
            let kind_of_extrude = match body_type {
                BodyType::Solid => "solid extrude",
                BodyType::Surface => "surface extrude",
                _ => "non-surface extrude",
            };
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!(
                    "You're trying to perform a {kind_of_extrude} on an edge, but edges can only be extruded with surface extrudes. To do a solid extrude, select a closed sketch region instead. To extrude these edges, do a surface extrude by using `bodyType = SURFACE` instead."
                ),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if tag_start.is_some() || tag_end.is_some() {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "`tagStart` and `tagEnd` are not supported when extruding edges. Edge surface extrudes do not create start or end caps."
                    .to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }
    }

    Ok(extrudables)
}

pub(crate) async fn build_segment_surface_sketch(
    mut segments: Vec<Segment>,
    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
    ctx: &ExecutorContext,
    source_range: crate::SourceRange,
) -> Result<Sketch, KclError> {
    let Some(first_segment) = segments.first() else {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Expected at least one sketch segment.".to_owned(),
            vec![source_range],
        )));
    };

    let sketch_id = first_segment.sketch_id;
    let sketch_surface = first_segment.surface.clone();
    for segment in &segments {
        if segment.sketch_id != sketch_id {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "All sketch segments passed to this operation must come from the same sketch.".to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if segment.surface != sketch_surface {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "All sketch segments passed to this operation must lie on the same sketch surface.".to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if matches!(segment.kind, SegmentKind::Point { .. }) {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Point segments cannot be used here. Select line, arc, or circle segments instead.".to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }

        if segment.is_construction() {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Construction segments cannot be used here. Select non-construction sketch segments instead."
                    .to_owned(),
                vec![source_range],
            )));
        }
    }

    let synthetic_sketch_id = exec_state.next_uuid();
    let segment_tags = IndexMap::from_iter(segments.iter().filter_map(|segment| {
        segment
            .tag
            .as_ref()
            .map(|tag| (segment.object_id, TagDeclarator::new(&tag.value)))
    }));

    for segment in &mut segments {
        segment.id = exec_state.next_uuid();
        segment.sketch_id = synthetic_sketch_id;
        segment.sketch = None;
    }

    create_segments_in_engine(
        &sketch_surface,
        synthetic_sketch_id,
        &mut segments,
        &segment_tags,
        ctx,
        exec_state,
        source_range,
    )
    .await?
    .ok_or_else(|| {
        KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Expected at least one usable sketch segment.".to_owned(),
            vec![source_range],
        ))
    })
}

#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
async fn inner_extrude(
    extrudables: Vec<Extrudable>,
    length: Option<TyF64>,
    to: Option<Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference>,
    symmetric: Option<bool>,
    direction: Option<Point3dOrEdgeReference>,
    bidirectional_length: Option<TyF64>,
    tag_start: Option<TagNode>,
    tag_end: Option<TagNode>,
    draft_angle: Option<TyF64>,
    twist_angle: Option<TyF64>,
    twist_angle_step: Option<TyF64>,
    twist_center: Option<[TyF64; 2]>,
    tolerance: Option<TyF64>,
    method: Option<String>,
    hide_seams: Option<bool>,
    body_type: Option<BodyType>,
    extruding_sketch_segments: bool,
    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
    args: Args,
) -> Result<Vec<Solid>, KclError> {
    let body_type = body_type.unwrap_or_default();

    if matches!(body_type, BodyType::Solid) && extrudables.iter().any(|sk| matches!(sk.is_closed(), ProfileClosed::No))
    {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Cannot solid extrude an open profile. Either close the profile, or use a surface extrude.".to_owned(),
            vec![args.source_range],
        )));
    }

    if draft_angle.is_some() && twist_angle.is_some() {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Zoo currently does not support adding both draft angle and twist angle to an extrude simultaneously"
                .to_owned(),
            vec![args.source_range],
        )));
    }

    if direction.is_some() && twist_angle.is_some() {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "Zoo currently does not support adding both direction and twist angle to an extrude simultaneously"
                .to_owned(),
            vec![args.source_range],
        )));
    }

    // Extrude the element(s).
    let mut solids = Vec::new();
    let tolerance = LengthUnit(
        tolerance
            .as_ref()
            .map(|t| t.unwrap_to_mm())
            .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_TOLERANCE_MM),
    );

    let extrude_method = match method.as_deref() {
        Some("new" | "NEW") => ExtrudeMethod::New,
        Some("merge" | "MERGE") => ExtrudeMethod::Merge,
        None => ExtrudeMethod::default(),
        Some(other) => {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!("Unknown merge method {other}, try using `MERGE` or `NEW`"),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    };

    if matches!(method.as_deref(), Some("merge" | "MERGE")) {
        let parentless_sketches = extrudables
            .iter()
            .filter(|extrudable| {
                matches!(extrudable, Extrudable::Sketch(sketch) if matches!(sketch.on, SketchSurface::Plane(_)))
            })
            .count();
        if parentless_sketches > 0 {
            let message = if parentless_sketches == 1 {
                "This plane-based sketch has no parent body for `method = MERGE`, so it will create a separate body. Sketch on an existing face or use `union` if one body is intended."
                    .to_owned()
            } else {
                format!(
                    "{parentless_sketches} plane-based sketches have no parent body for `method = MERGE`, so each will create a separate body. Sketch on an existing face or use `union` if one body is intended."
                )
            };
            exec_state.warn(
                crate::CompilationIssue {
                    source_range: args
                        .labeled
                        .get("method")
                        .map_or(args.source_range, |arg| arg.source_range),
                    message,
                    suggestion: None,
                    severity: crate::errors::Severity::Warning,
                    tag: crate::errors::Tag::Unnecessary,
                },
                annotations::WARN_PARENTLESS_MERGE,
            );
        }
    }

    if symmetric.unwrap_or(false) && bidirectional_length.is_some() {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "You cannot give both `symmetric` and `bidirectional` params, you have to choose one or the other"
                .to_owned(),
            vec![args.source_range],
        )));
    }

    if (length.is_some() || twist_angle.is_some()) && to.is_some() {
        return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
            "You cannot give `length` or `twist` params with the `to` param, you have to choose one or the other"
                .to_owned(),
            vec![args.source_range],
        )));
    }

    let bidirection = bidirectional_length.map(|l| LengthUnit(l.unwrap_to_mm()));

    let opposite = match (symmetric, bidirection) {
        (Some(true), _) => Opposite::Symmetric,
        (None, None) => Opposite::None,
        (Some(false), None) => Opposite::None,
        (None, Some(length)) => Opposite::Other(length),
        (Some(false), Some(length)) => Opposite::Other(length),
    };

    if let Some(Point3dOrEdgeReference::Edge(direction_edge)) = &direction {
        let edge_id = direction_edge.get_engine_id(exec_state, &args)?;
        let source_range = args
            .labeled
            .get("direction")
            .map(|arg| arg.source_range)
            .unwrap_or(args.source_range);
        edge::record_refactor_meta_for_direct_edge(exec_state, edge_id, source_range, &args).await?;
    }

    for extrudable in &extrudables {
        let is_edge = match extrudable {
            Extrudable::Sketch(..) => false,
            Extrudable::FaceTag(_) => false,
            Extrudable::Face(_) => false,
            Extrudable::EdgeTag(_) => true,
            Extrudable::Edge(_) => true,
            Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(_) => true,
        };
        let extrude_cmd_id = exec_state.next_uuid();
        let (sketch_or_face_id, target_reference) = match extrudable {
            Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(spec) => (
                None,
                Some(edge::resolve_edge_specifier_with_face_tags(spec, None, exec_state, &args).await?),
            ),
            _ => (Some(extrudable.id_to_extrude(exec_state, &args, false).await?), None),
        };
        if to.is_some() && sketch_or_face_id.is_none() {
            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Edge specifiers cannot be extruded to a reference".to_owned(),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
        let concrete_target = || {
            sketch_or_face_id.ok_or_else(|| {
                KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                    "This extrusion requires a concrete target UUID".to_owned(),
                    vec![args.source_range],
                ))
            })
        };
        let cmd = match (
            &twist_angle,
            &twist_angle_step,
            &twist_center,
            length.clone(),
            &to,
            &direction,
        ) {
            (Some(angle), angle_step, center, Some(length), None, None) => {
                let center = center.clone().map(point_to_mm).map(Point2d::from).unwrap_or_default();
                let total_rotation_angle = Angle::from_degrees(angle.unwrap_to_degrees(exec_state, args.source_range));
                let angle_step_size = Angle::from_degrees(
                    angle_step
                        .clone()
                        .map(|a| a.unwrap_to_degrees(exec_state, args.source_range))
                        .unwrap_or(15.0),
                );
                ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::TwistExtrude::builder()
                        .target(
                            sketch_or_face_id
                                .ok_or_else(|| {
                                    KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                                        "Edge specifiers cannot be used with twist extrusion".to_owned(),
                                        vec![args.source_range],
                                    ))
                                })?
                                .into(),
                        )
                        .distance(LengthUnit(length.unwrap_to_mm()))
                        .center_2d(center)
                        .total_rotation_angle(total_rotation_angle)
                        .angle_step_size(angle_step_size)
                        .tolerance(tolerance)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .build(),
                )
            }
            (None, None, None, Some(length), None, None) => ModelingCmd::from(
                mcmd::Extrude::builder()
                    .maybe_target(sketch_or_face_id.map(Into::into))
                    .maybe_target_reference(target_reference.clone())
                    .distance(LengthUnit(length.unwrap_to_mm()))
                    .opposite(opposite.clone())
                    .maybe_draft_angle(
                        draft_angle
                            .clone()
                            .map(|a| Angle::from_degrees(a.unwrap_to_degrees(exec_state, args.source_range))),
                    )
                    .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                    .body_type(body_type)
                    .maybe_merge_coplanar_faces(hide_seams)
                    .build(),
            ),
            (None, None, None, Some(length), None, Some(dir)) => {
                let direction3d = match dir {
                    Point3dOrEdgeReference::Point(p) => {
                        // Only the direction matters, so use the file's unit: a direction that
                        // doesn't mix units is sent with the same numbers as it was written.
                        let units = exec_state.length_unit();
                        Some(DirectionType::Axis {
                            direction: KPoint3d {
                                x: p[0]
                                    .to_length_units(units)
                                    .ok_or(must_be_lengths_err(args.source_range))?,
                                y: p[1]
                                    .to_length_units(units)
                                    .ok_or(must_be_lengths_err(args.source_range))?,
                                z: p[2]
                                    .to_length_units(units)
                                    .ok_or(must_be_lengths_err(args.source_range))?,
                            },
                        })
                    }
                    Point3dOrEdgeReference::Edge(edge) => {
                        let edge_id = match edge {
                            crate::std::fillet::EdgeReference::Uuid(uuid) => *uuid,
                            crate::std::fillet::EdgeReference::Tag(tag) => match tag.get_cur_info() {
                                Some(info) => info.id,
                                None => {
                                    return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                                        "Failed to get current info for tag".to_string(),
                                        vec![args.source_range],
                                    )));
                                }
                            },
                        };
                        Some(DirectionType::Edge { id: edge_id })
                    }
                    Point3dOrEdgeReference::EdgeSpecifier(_) => None,
                };
                let direction_reference = match dir {
                    Point3dOrEdgeReference::EdgeSpecifier(spec) => {
                        Some(edge::resolve_edge_specifier_with_face_tags(spec, None, exec_state, &args).await?)
                    }
                    _ => None,
                };
                ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::Extrude::builder()
                        .maybe_target(sketch_or_face_id.map(Into::into))
                        .maybe_target_reference(target_reference.clone())
                        .distance(LengthUnit(length.unwrap_to_mm()))
                        .opposite(opposite.clone())
                        .maybe_draft_angle(
                            draft_angle
                                .clone()
                                .map(|a| Angle::from_degrees(a.unwrap_to_degrees(exec_state, args.source_range))),
                        )
                        .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .maybe_merge_coplanar_faces(hide_seams)
                        .maybe_direction(direction3d)
                        .maybe_direction_reference(direction_reference)
                        .build(),
                )
            }
            (None, None, None, None, Some(to), None) => match to {
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Point(point) => ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                        .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                        .reference(ExtrudeReference::Point {
                            point: KPoint3d {
                                x: LengthUnit(point[0].unwrap_to_mm()),
                                y: LengthUnit(point[1].unwrap_to_mm()),
                                z: LengthUnit(point[2].unwrap_to_mm()),
                            },
                        })
                        .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .build(),
                ),
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Axis { direction, origin } => ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                        .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                        .reference(ExtrudeReference::Axis {
                            axis: KPoint3d {
                                x: direction[0].unwrap_to_mm(),
                                y: direction[1].unwrap_to_mm(),
                                z: direction[2].unwrap_to_mm(),
                            },
                            point: KPoint3d {
                                x: LengthUnit(origin[0].unwrap_to_mm()),
                                y: LengthUnit(origin[1].unwrap_to_mm()),
                                z: LengthUnit(origin[2].unwrap_to_mm()),
                            },
                        })
                        .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .build(),
                ),
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Plane(plane) => {
                    let plane_id = if plane.is_uninitialized() {
                        if plane.info.origin.units.is_none() {
                            return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                                "Origin of plane has unknown units".to_string(),
                                vec![args.source_range],
                            )));
                        }
                        let sketch_plane = crate::std::sketch::make_sketch_plane_from_orientation(
                            plane.clone().info.into_plane_data(),
                            exec_state,
                            &args,
                        )
                        .await?;
                        sketch_plane.id
                    } else {
                        plane.id
                    };
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                            .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                            .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                                entity_id: Some(plane_id),
                                entity_reference: None,
                            })
                            .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                            .body_type(body_type)
                            .build(),
                    )
                }
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Edge(edge_ref) => {
                    let edge_id = edge_ref.get_engine_id(exec_state, &args)?;
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                            .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                            .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                                entity_id: Some(edge_id),
                                entity_reference: None,
                            })
                            .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                            .body_type(body_type)
                            .build(),
                    )
                }
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Face(face_tag) => {
                    let face_id = face_tag.get_face_id_from_tag(exec_state, &args, false).await?;
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                            .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                            .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                                entity_id: Some(face_id),
                                entity_reference: None,
                            })
                            .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                            .body_type(body_type)
                            .build(),
                    )
                }
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Sketch(sketch_ref) => ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                        .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                        .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                            entity_id: Some(sketch_ref.id),
                            entity_reference: None,
                        })
                        .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .build(),
                ),
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::Solid(solid) => ModelingCmd::from(
                    mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                        .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                        .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                            entity_id: Some(solid.id),
                            entity_reference: None,
                        })
                        .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                        .body_type(body_type)
                        .build(),
                ),
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::TaggedEdgeOrFace(tag) => {
                    let tagged_edge_or_face = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
                    let tagged_edge_or_face_id = tagged_edge_or_face.id;
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                            .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                            .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                                entity_id: Some(tagged_edge_or_face_id),
                                entity_reference: None,
                            })
                            .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                            .body_type(body_type)
                            .build(),
                    )
                }
                Point3dAxis3dOrGeometryReference::EdgeToReference(spec) => {
                    let inner = edge::resolve_edge_specifier_with_face_tags(spec, None, exec_state, &args).await?;
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::ExtrudeToReference::builder()
                            .target(concrete_target()?.into())
                            .reference(ExtrudeReference::EntityReference {
                                entity_id: None,
                                entity_reference: Some(EntityReference::Edge {
                                    inner,
                                    topology_fallback: None,
                                }),
                            })
                            .extrude_method(extrude_method)
                            .body_type(body_type)
                            .build(),
                    )
                }
            },
            (Some(_), _, _, None, None, None) => {
                return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                    "The `length` parameter must be provided when using twist angle for extrusion.".to_owned(),
                    vec![args.source_range],
                )));
            }
            (_, _, _, None, None, None) => {
                return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                    "Either `length` or `to` parameter must be provided for extrusion.".to_owned(),
                    vec![args.source_range],
                )));
            }
            (_, _, _, Some(_), Some(_), None) => {
                return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                    "You cannot give both `length` and `to` params, you have to choose one or the other".to_owned(),
                    vec![args.source_range],
                )));
            }
            (_, _, _, _, _, _) => {
                return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                    "Invalid combination of parameters for extrusion.".to_owned(),
                    vec![args.source_range],
                )));
            }
        };

        let being_extruded = match extrudable {
            Extrudable::Sketch(..) if extruding_sketch_segments => BeingExtruded::SketchSegments,
            Extrudable::Sketch(..) => BeingExtruded::Sketch,
            Extrudable::FaceTag(face_tag) => {
                let face_id = concrete_target()?;
                let solid_id = match face_tag.geometry() {
                    Some(crate::execution::Geometry::Solid(solid)) => solid.id,
                    Some(crate::execution::Geometry::Sketch(sketch)) => match sketch.on {
                        SketchSurface::Face(face) => face.parent_solid.solid_id,
                        SketchSurface::Plane(_) => sketch.id,
                    },
                    None => face_id,
                };
                BeingExtruded::Face { face_id, solid_id }
            }
            Extrudable::Face(face) => BeingExtruded::Face {
                face_id: face.id,
                solid_id: face.parent_solid.solid_id,
            },
            Extrudable::EdgeTag(_) => BeingExtruded::Edge,
            Extrudable::Edge(_) => BeingExtruded::Edge,
            Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(_) => BeingExtruded::Edge,
        };
        if let Some(post_extr_sketch) = extrudable.as_sketch() {
            let cmds = post_extr_sketch.build_sketch_mode_cmds(
                exec_state,
                ModelingCmdReq {
                    cmd_id: extrude_cmd_id.into(),
                    cmd,
                },
            );
            exec_state
                .batch_modeling_cmds(ModelingCmdMeta::from_args_id(exec_state, &args, extrude_cmd_id), &cmds)
                .await?;
            solids.push(
                do_post_extrude(
                    &post_extr_sketch,
                    extrude_cmd_id.into(),
                    false,
                    &NamedCapTags {
                        start: tag_start.as_ref(),
                        end: tag_end.as_ref(),
                    },
                    extrude_method,
                    exec_state,
                    &args,
                    None,
                    None,
                    body_type,
                    being_extruded,
                )
                .await?,
            );
        } else if is_edge {
            // Ensure that edges do not use the MERGE method.
            match extrude_method {
                ExtrudeMethod::New => {
                    // This is expected.
                }
                ExtrudeMethod::Merge => {
                    return Err(KclError::new_semantic(KclErrorDetails::new(
                        "Cannot use method MERGE with surface extrude of an edge".to_owned(),
                        vec![args.source_range],
                    )));
                }
                _ => {
                    return Err(KclError::new_internal(KclErrorDetails::new(
                        format!("Unknown extrude method: {extrude_method:?}"),
                        vec![args.source_range],
                    )));
                }
            }

            // Surface-extrude an edge.
            exec_state
                .batch_modeling_cmd(ModelingCmdMeta::from_args_id(exec_state, &args, extrude_cmd_id), cmd)
                .await?;
            // Extract the edge tag.
            let edge_tag = match extrudable {
                Extrudable::Sketch(_) => None,
                Extrudable::FaceTag(_) => None,
                Extrudable::Face(_) => None,
                Extrudable::EdgeTag(tag) => Some(TagDeclarator::new(&tag.value)),
                Extrudable::Edge(_) => None,
                Extrudable::EdgeSpecifier(_) => None,
            };
            solids.push(after_surface_creation(extrude_cmd_id.into(), edge_tag, exec_state, &args).await?);
        } else {
            return Err(KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Expected a sketch for extrusion".to_owned(),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    }

    Ok(solids)
}

#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub(crate) struct NamedCapTags<'a> {
    pub start: Option<&'a TagNode>,
    pub end: Option<&'a TagNode>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum BeingExtruded {
    Sketch,
    SketchSegments,
    Face { face_id: Uuid, solid_id: Uuid },
    Edge,
}

/// Which edge should we use for querying Solid3dGetExtrusionInfo and GetAdjacencyInfo?
/// It can be any edge of the body, but if our body is a clone, we should use an edge of
/// the original body, not the new cloned body.
fn get_extrusion_info_edge_id(
    sketch: &Sketch,
    any_edge_id: Uuid,
    clone_id_map: Option<&HashMap<Uuid, Uuid>>,
) -> Option<Uuid> {
    // If this isn't a clone, there's no old/new body distinction.
    // So just use the edge.
    if sketch.clone.is_none() {
        return Some(any_edge_id);
    }
    let Some(clone_map) = clone_id_map else {
        return Some(any_edge_id);
    };

    // clone_map maps old IDs -> new IDs.
    // If the `any_edge_id` is an ID of the OLD body
    // (we know this if it's a _key_ of the map)
    // we should use it (because that's the old body we're querying).
    if clone_map.contains_key(&any_edge_id) {
        return Some(any_edge_id);
    }

    // Otherwise, if the `any_edge_id` is an ID of the NEW body
    // (we know this if it's a _value_ of the map),
    // we should query the corresponding ID in the OLD body.
    // i.e. if it's a hashmap value, find the corresponding key.
    if let Some((old_edge_id, _)) = clone_map.iter().find(|(_, new_edge_id)| **new_edge_id == any_edge_id) {
        return Some(*old_edge_id);
    }

    // Fall back to this if the clone_map doesn't have the data we expect.
    // Engine will intuit an edge for the relevant calls, but it may mean the clone map was built wrong,
    // or KCL and the engine disagree about what geometry exists.
    None
}

/// This is similar to [`do_post_extrude()`], but for surfaces where a sketch
/// isn't available.
pub(crate) async fn after_surface_creation(
    extrude_cmd_id: ArtifactId,
    edge_tag: Option<crate::parsing::ast::types::Node<TagDeclarator>>,
    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
    args: &Args,
) -> Result<Solid, KclError> {
    let body_id = extrude_cmd_id.into();

    // Bring the object to the front of the scene.
    // See: https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app/issues/806

    exec_state
        .batch_modeling_cmd(
            ModelingCmdMeta::from_args(exec_state, args),
            ModelingCmd::from(mcmd::ObjectBringToFront::builder().object_id(body_id).build()),
        )
        .await?;

    let (face_id, edge_id) = if args.ctx.no_engine_commands().await {
        (exec_state.next_uuid(), exec_state.next_uuid())
    } else {
        // Get the body entity ids.
        let response = exec_state
            .send_modeling_cmd(
                ModelingCmdMeta::from_args(exec_state, args),
                ModelingCmd::from(mcmd::EntityGetAllChildUuids::builder().entity_id(body_id).build()),
            )
            .await?;
        let OkWebSocketResponseData::Modeling {
            modeling_response: OkModelingCmdResponse::EntityGetAllChildUuids(ref all_child_ids_resp),
        } = response
        else {
            return Err(KclError::new_engine(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!("EntityGetAllChildUuids response was not as expected: {response:?}"),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        };
        let entity_ids = &all_child_ids_resp.entity_ids;
        let Some(face_id) = entity_ids.first().copied() else {
            return Err(KclError::new_internal(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!("Expected EntityGetAllChildUuids response to have at least 1 ID: {response:?}",),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        };
        let Some(edge_id) = entity_ids.get(1).copied() else {
            return Err(KclError::new_internal(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!("Expected EntityGetAllChildUuids response to have at least 2 IDs: {response:?}"),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        };
        (face_id, edge_id)
    };

    // TODO: Do we need to use ExtrudeArc?
    let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(ExtrudePlane {
        face_id,
        tag: edge_tag,
        geo_meta: GeoMeta {
            id: face_id,
            metadata: args.source_range.into(),
        },
    });
    let new_value = vec![extrude_surface];

    Ok(Solid {
        id: body_id,
        value_id: body_id,
        topology_id: body_id,
        tag_update_source_artifact_id: None,
        pattern_source_artifact_id: None,
        best_guess_body_type: Some(BodyType::Surface),
        artifact_id: extrude_cmd_id,
        value: new_value,
        faces: Default::default(),
        meta: vec![args.source_range.into()],
        // Normally, we would propagate the units of the sketch. But an edge
        // doesn't have units. We also don't seem to use this field anywhere.
        units: kcl_api::UnitLength::Millimeters,
        sectional: false,
        creator: SolidCreator::Edge(CreatorEdge { edge_id, body_id }),
        start_cap_id: None,
        end_cap_id: None,
        edge_cuts: Vec::new(),
        pending_edge_cut_ids: Vec::new(),
    })
}

#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
pub(crate) async fn do_post_extrude<'a>(
    sketch: &Sketch,
    extrude_cmd_id: ArtifactId,
    sectional: bool,
    named_cap_tags: &'a NamedCapTags<'a>,
    extrude_method: ExtrudeMethod,
    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
    args: &Args,
    edge_id: Option<Uuid>,
    clone_id_map: Option<&HashMap<Uuid, Uuid>>, // old sketch id -> new sketch id
    body_type: BodyType,
    being_extruded: BeingExtruded,
) -> Result<Solid, KclError> {
    // Bring the object to the front of the scene.
    // See: https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app/issues/806

    exec_state
        .batch_modeling_cmd(
            ModelingCmdMeta::from_args(exec_state, args),
            ModelingCmd::from(mcmd::ObjectBringToFront::builder().object_id(sketch.id).build()),
        )
        .await?;

    let any_edge_id = if let Some(edge_id) = sketch.mirror {
        edge_id
    } else if let Some(id) = edge_id {
        id
    } else {
        // The "get extrusion face info" API call requires *any* edge on the sketch being extruded.
        // So, let's just use the first one.
        let Some(any_edge_id) = sketch.paths.front().map(|edge| edge.get_base().geo_meta.id) else {
            return Err(KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                "Expected a non-empty sketch".to_owned(),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        };
        any_edge_id
    };

    // If the sketch is a clone, we will use the original info to get the extrusion face info.
    // So let's find an edge of the old body.
    let extrusion_info_edge_id = get_extrusion_info_edge_id(sketch, any_edge_id, clone_id_map);

    let mut sketch = sketch.clone();
    match body_type {
        BodyType::Solid => {
            sketch.is_closed = ProfileClosed::Explicitly;
        }
        BodyType::Surface => {}
        _other => {
            // At some point in the future we'll add sheet metal or something.
            // Figure this out then.
        }
    }

    match (extrude_method, being_extruded) {
        (ExtrudeMethod::Merge, BeingExtruded::Face { .. }) => {
            // Merge the IDs.
            // If we were sketching on a face, we need the original face id.
            if let SketchSurface::Face(ref face) = sketch.on {
                // If we're merging into an existing body, then assign the existing body's ID,
                // because the variable binding for this solid won't be its own object, it's just modifying the original one.
                sketch.id = face.parent_solid.sketch_or_solid_id();
            }
        }
        (ExtrudeMethod::New, BeingExtruded::Face { .. }) => {
            // We're creating a new solid, it's not based on any existing sketch (it's based on a face).
            // So we need a new ID, the extrude command ID.
            sketch.id = extrude_cmd_id.into();
        }
        (ExtrudeMethod::New, BeingExtruded::Sketch | BeingExtruded::SketchSegments) => {
            // If we are creating a new body we need to preserve its new id.
            // The sketch's ID is already correct here, it should be the ID of the sketch.
        }
        (ExtrudeMethod::Merge, BeingExtruded::Sketch | BeingExtruded::SketchSegments) => {
            if let SketchSurface::Face(ref face) = sketch.on {
                // If we're merging into an existing body, then assign the existing body's ID,
                // because the variable binding for this solid won't be its own object, it's just modifying the original one.
                sketch.id = face.parent_solid.sketch_or_solid_id();
            }
        }
        (other, _) => {
            // If you ever hit this, you should add a new arm to the match expression, and implement support for the new ExtrudeMethod variant.
            return Err(KclError::new_internal(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!("Zoo does not yet support creating bodies via {other:?}"),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    }

    // Similarly, if the sketch is a clone, we need to use the original sketch id to get the extrusion face info.
    let sketch_id = if let Some(cloned_from) = sketch.clone
        && clone_id_map.is_some()
    {
        cloned_from
    } else {
        sketch.id
    };

    let solid3d_info = exec_state
        .send_modeling_cmd(
            ModelingCmdMeta::from_args(exec_state, args),
            ModelingCmd::from(
                mcmd::Solid3dGetExtrusionFaceInfo::builder()
                    .maybe_edge_id(extrusion_info_edge_id)
                    .object_id(sketch_id)
                    .build(),
            ),
        )
        .await?;

    let face_infos = if let OkWebSocketResponseData::Modeling {
        modeling_response: OkModelingCmdResponse::Solid3dGetExtrusionFaceInfo(data),
    } = solid3d_info
    {
        data.faces
    } else {
        vec![]
    };

    // Only do this if we need the artifact graph.
    if !args.ctx.settings.skip_artifact_graph {
        // Getting the ids of a sectional sweep does not work well and we cannot guarantee that
        // any of these call will not just fail.
        if !sectional {
            exec_state
                .batch_modeling_cmd(
                    ModelingCmdMeta::from_args(exec_state, args),
                    ModelingCmd::from(
                        mcmd::Solid3dGetAdjacencyInfo::builder()
                            .object_id(sketch_id)
                            .maybe_edge_id(extrusion_info_edge_id)
                            .build(),
                    ),
                )
                .await?;
        }
    }

    let Faces {
        sides: mut face_id_map,
        mut start_cap_id,
        mut end_cap_id,
    } = analyze_faces(exec_state, args, face_infos).await;

    // If this is a clone, we will use the clone_id_map to map the face info from the original sketch to the clone sketch.
    if sketch.clone.is_some()
        && let Some(clone_id_map) = clone_id_map
    {
        face_id_map = face_id_map
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(|(k, v)| {
                let fe_key = clone_id_map.get(&k)?;
                let fe_value = clone_id_map.get(&(v?)).copied();
                Some((*fe_key, fe_value))
            })
            .collect::<HashMap<Uuid, Option<Uuid>>>();
        // The face info above was queried using the original solid's id, so
        // the cap ids belong to the original. Map them to the clone's ids.
        start_cap_id = start_cap_id.and_then(|id| clone_id_map.get(&id).copied());
        end_cap_id = end_cap_id.and_then(|id| clone_id_map.get(&id).copied());
    }

    // Iterate over the sketch.value array and add face_id to GeoMeta
    let no_engine_commands = args.ctx.no_engine_commands().await;
    let mut new_value: Vec<ExtrudeSurface> = Vec::with_capacity(sketch.paths.len() + sketch.inner_paths.len() + 2);
    let outer_surfaces = sketch.paths.iter().flat_map(|path| {
        if let Some(Some(actual_face_id)) = face_id_map.get(&path.get_base().geo_meta.id) {
            surface_of(path, *actual_face_id)
        } else if no_engine_commands {
            crate::log::logln!(
                "No face ID found for path ID {:?}, but in no-engine-commands mode, so faking it",
                path.get_base().geo_meta.id
            );
            // Only pre-populate the extrude surface if we are in mock mode.
            fake_extrude_surface(exec_state, path)
        } else if sketch.clone.is_some()
            && let Some(clone_map) = clone_id_map
        {
            let new_path = clone_map.get(&(path.get_base().geo_meta.id));

            if let Some(new_path) = new_path {
                match face_id_map.get(new_path) {
                    Some(Some(actual_face_id)) => clone_surface_of(path, *new_path, *actual_face_id),
                    _ => {
                        let actual_face_id = face_id_map.iter().find_map(|(key, value)| {
                            if let Some(value) = value {
                                if value == new_path { Some(key) } else { None }
                            } else {
                                None
                            }
                        });
                        match actual_face_id {
                            Some(actual_face_id) => clone_surface_of(path, *new_path, *actual_face_id),
                            None => {
                                crate::log::logln!("No face ID found for clone path ID {:?}, so skipping it", new_path);
                                None
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                None
            }
        } else {
            crate::log::logln!(
                "No face ID found for path ID {:?}, and not in no-engine-commands mode, so skipping it",
                path.get_base().geo_meta.id
            );
            None
        }
    });

    new_value.extend(outer_surfaces);
    let inner_surfaces = sketch.inner_paths.iter().flat_map(|path| {
        if let Some(Some(actual_face_id)) = face_id_map.get(&path.get_base().geo_meta.id) {
            surface_of(path, *actual_face_id)
        } else if no_engine_commands {
            // Only pre-populate the extrude surface if we are in mock mode.
            fake_extrude_surface(exec_state, path)
        } else {
            None
        }
    });
    new_value.extend(inner_surfaces);

    // Add the tags for the start or end caps. A CSG can split or remove a
    // canonical cap before a body is cloned or mirrored, so reconstruction
    // cannot preserve that tag as one cap when the engine no longer reports it.
    if let Some(tag_start) = named_cap_tags.start {
        if let Some(start_cap_id) = start_cap_id {
            new_value.push(ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(crate::execution::ExtrudePlane {
                face_id: start_cap_id,
                tag: Some(tag_start.clone()),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: start_cap_id,
                    metadata: args.source_range.into(),
                },
            }));
        } else if clone_id_map.is_none() {
            return Err(KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!(
                    "Expected a start cap ID for tag `{}` for extrusion of sketch {:?}",
                    tag_start.name, sketch.id
                ),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    }
    if let Some(tag_end) = named_cap_tags.end {
        if let Some(end_cap_id) = end_cap_id {
            new_value.push(ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(crate::execution::ExtrudePlane {
                face_id: end_cap_id,
                tag: Some(tag_end.clone()),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: end_cap_id,
                    metadata: args.source_range.into(),
                },
            }));
        } else if clone_id_map.is_none() {
            return Err(KclError::new_type(KclErrorDetails::new(
                format!(
                    "Expected an end cap ID for tag `{}` for extrusion of sketch {:?}",
                    tag_end.name, sketch.id
                ),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    }

    let meta = sketch.meta.clone();
    let units = sketch.units;
    let id = sketch.id;
    let topology_id = sketch.original_id;
    let creator = match being_extruded {
        BeingExtruded::Sketch | BeingExtruded::SketchSegments => SolidCreator::Sketch(sketch),
        BeingExtruded::Face { face_id, solid_id } => SolidCreator::Face(CreatorFace {
            face_id,
            solid_id,
            sketch,
        }),
        BeingExtruded::Edge => {
            let message = "Expected an edge to have been extruded via another code path";
            debug_assert!(false, "{message}");
            return Err(KclError::new_internal(KclErrorDetails::new(
                message.to_owned(),
                vec![args.source_range],
            )));
        }
    };

    let mut solid = Solid {
        id,
        value_id: extrude_cmd_id.into(),
        topology_id,
        tag_update_source_artifact_id: None,
        pattern_source_artifact_id: None,
        best_guess_body_type: Some(body_type),
        artifact_id: extrude_cmd_id,
        value: new_value,
        faces: Default::default(),
        meta,
        units,
        sectional,
        creator,
        start_cap_id,
        end_cap_id,
        edge_cuts: vec![],
        pending_edge_cut_ids: vec![],
    };

    if matches!(being_extruded, BeingExtruded::SketchSegments) {
        let geometry = Geometry::Solid(solid.clone());
        for surface in &solid.value {
            let Some(tag) = surface.get_tag() else {
                continue;
            };
            solid.faces.insert(
                tag.name.clone(),
                TagIdentifier {
                    value: tag.name.clone(),
                    info: vec![(
                        exec_state.stack().current_epoch(),
                        TagEngineInfo {
                            id: surface.get_id(),
                            surface: Some(surface.clone()),
                            path: None,
                            geometry: geometry.clone(),
                        },
                    )],
                    meta: vec![Metadata {
                        source_range: tag.clone().into(),
                    }],
                },
            );
        }
    }

    Ok(solid)
}

#[derive(Debug, Default)]
struct Faces {
    /// Maps curve ID to face ID for each side.
    sides: HashMap<Uuid, Option<Uuid>>,
    /// Top face ID.
    end_cap_id: Option<Uuid>,
    /// Bottom face ID.
    start_cap_id: Option<Uuid>,
}

async fn analyze_faces(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: &Args, face_infos: Vec<ExtrusionFaceInfo>) -> Faces {
    let mut faces = Faces {
        sides: HashMap::with_capacity(face_infos.len()),
        ..Default::default()
    };
    if args.ctx.no_engine_commands().await {
        // Create fake IDs for start and end caps, to make extrudes mock-execute safe
        faces.start_cap_id = Some(exec_state.next_uuid());
        faces.end_cap_id = Some(exec_state.next_uuid());
    }
    for face_info in face_infos {
        match face_info.cap {
            ExtrusionFaceCapType::Bottom => faces.start_cap_id = face_info.face_id,
            ExtrusionFaceCapType::Top => faces.end_cap_id = face_info.face_id,
            ExtrusionFaceCapType::Both => {
                faces.end_cap_id = face_info.face_id;
                faces.start_cap_id = face_info.face_id;
            }
            ExtrusionFaceCapType::None => {
                if let Some(curve_id) = face_info.curve_id {
                    faces.sides.insert(curve_id, face_info.face_id);
                }
            }
            other => {
                exec_state.warn(
                    crate::CompilationIssue {
                        source_range: args.source_range,
                        message: format!("unknown extrusion face type {other:?}"),
                        suggestion: None,
                        severity: crate::errors::Severity::Warning,
                        tag: crate::errors::Tag::Unnecessary,
                    },
                    annotations::WARN_NOT_YET_SUPPORTED,
                );
            }
        }
    }
    faces
}
fn surface_of(path: &Path, actual_face_id: Uuid) -> Option<ExtrudeSurface> {
    match path {
        Path::Arc { .. }
        | Path::TangentialArc { .. }
        | Path::TangentialArcTo { .. }
        // TODO: (bc) fix me
        | Path::Ellipse { .. }
        | Path::Conic {.. }
        | Path::Circle { .. }
        | Path::CircleThreePoint { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudeArc(crate::execution::ExtrudeArc {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: path.get_base().geo_meta.id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
        Path::Base { .. } | Path::ToPoint { .. } | Path::Horizontal { .. } | Path::AngledLineTo { .. } | Path::Bezier { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(crate::execution::ExtrudePlane {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: path.get_base().geo_meta.id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
        Path::ArcThreePoint { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudeArc(crate::execution::ExtrudeArc {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: path.get_base().geo_meta.id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
    }
}

fn clone_surface_of(path: &Path, clone_path_id: Uuid, actual_face_id: Uuid) -> Option<ExtrudeSurface> {
    match path {
        Path::Arc { .. }
        | Path::TangentialArc { .. }
        | Path::TangentialArcTo { .. }
        // TODO: (gserena) fix me
        | Path::Ellipse { .. }
        | Path::Conic {.. }
        | Path::Circle { .. }
        | Path::CircleThreePoint { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudeArc(crate::execution::ExtrudeArc {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: clone_path_id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
        Path::Base { .. } | Path::ToPoint { .. } | Path::Horizontal { .. } | Path::AngledLineTo { .. } | Path::Bezier { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(crate::execution::ExtrudePlane {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: clone_path_id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
        Path::ArcThreePoint { .. } => {
            let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudeArc(crate::execution::ExtrudeArc {
                face_id: actual_face_id,
                tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
                geo_meta: GeoMeta {
                    id: clone_path_id,
                    metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
                },
            });
            Some(extrude_surface)
        }
    }
}

/// Create a fake extrude surface to report for mock execution, when there's no engine response.
fn fake_extrude_surface(exec_state: &mut ExecState, path: &Path) -> Option<ExtrudeSurface> {
    let extrude_surface = ExtrudeSurface::ExtrudePlane(crate::execution::ExtrudePlane {
        // pushing this values with a fake face_id to make extrudes mock-execute safe
        face_id: exec_state.next_uuid(),
        tag: path.get_base().tag.clone(),
        geo_meta: GeoMeta {
            id: path.get_base().geo_meta.id,
            metadata: path.get_base().geo_meta.metadata,
        },
    });
    Some(extrude_surface)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use kcl_api::Expr;
    use kcl_api::Number;
    use kcl_api::ObjectId;
    use kcl_api::Point2d;
    use kcl_api::PointCtor;
    use kcl_api::UnitLength;

    use super::*;
    use crate::execution::AbstractSegment;
    use crate::execution::Plane;
    use crate::execution::SegmentRepr;
    use crate::execution::parse_execute;
    use crate::execution::types::NumericType;
    use crate::execution::types::NumericTypeExt;
    use crate::std::sketch::PlaneData;

    fn point_expr(x: f64, y: f64) -> Point2d<Expr> {
        Point2d {
            x: Expr::Var(Number::from((x, UnitLength::Millimeters))),
            y: Expr::Var(Number::from((y, UnitLength::Millimeters))),
        }
    }

    fn segment_value(exec_state: &mut ExecState) -> KclValue {
        let plane = Plane::from_plane_data_skipping_engine(PlaneData::XY, exec_state).unwrap();
        let segment = Segment {
            id: exec_state.next_uuid(),
            object_id: ObjectId(1),
            kind: SegmentKind::Point {
                position: [TyF64::new(0.0, NumericType::mm()), TyF64::new(0.0, NumericType::mm())],
                ctor: Box::new(PointCtor {
                    position: point_expr(0.0, 0.0),
                }),
                freedom: None,
            },
            surface: SketchSurface::Plane(Box::new(plane)),
            sketch_id: exec_state.next_uuid(),
            sketch: None,
            tag: None,
            node_path: None,
            meta: vec![],
        };
        KclValue::Segment {
            value: Box::new(AbstractSegment {
                repr: SegmentRepr::Solved {
                    segment: Box::new(segment),
                },
                meta: vec![],
            }),
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn extrude_accepts_negative_bidirectional_length_in_mock_exec() {
        let code = r#"
profile001 = startSketchOn(XY)
  |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
  |> line(end = [1, 0])
  |> line(end = [0, 1])
  |> close()

extrude(profile001, length = 1, bidirectionalLength = -1)
"#;

        let result = parse_execute(code).await.unwrap();
        let extrude = result
            .root_module_artifact_commands()
            .iter()
            .find_map(|artifact_command| match &artifact_command.command {
                ModelingCmd::Extrude(extrude) => Some(extrude),
                _ => None,
            })
            .expect("expected an extrude command");

        assert_eq!(extrude.opposite, Opposite::Other(LengthUnit(-1.0)));
    }

    fn extrude_direction_code(default_unit: &str, direction: &str) -> String {
        format!(
            r#"@settings(kclVersion = 2.0, defaultLengthUnit = {default_unit})
profile = sketch(on = XY) {{
  circle1 = circle(center = [10mm, 0mm], start = [11mm, 0mm])
}}
extrude(profile.circle1, length = 1, direction = {direction}, bodyType = SURFACE)"#
        )
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn extrude_converts_direction_to_the_file_units() {
        // https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app/issues/14343
        // Each component is converted to the file's unit before the direction is sent to the engine.
        let cases = [
            ("mm", "[-1, 0, 1ft]", [-1.0, 0.0, 304.8]),
            ("mm", "[-1mm, 0mm, 304.8mm]", [-1.0, 0.0, 304.8]),
            ("mm", "[-1, 0, 1]", [-1.0, 0.0, 1.0]),
            ("in", "[-1mm, 0, 1ft]", [-1.0 / 25.4, 0.0, 12.0]),
            ("in", "[-1, 0, 1]", [-1.0, 0.0, 1.0]),
        ];

        for (default_unit, direction, expected) in cases {
            let code = extrude_direction_code(default_unit, direction);
            let result = parse_execute(&code).await.unwrap();
            let direction = result
                .root_module_artifact_commands()
                .iter()
                .find_map(|artifact_command| match &artifact_command.command {
                    ModelingCmd::Extrude(extrude) => extrude.direction,
                    _ => None,
                })
                .expect("expected an extrude command with a direction");
            let DirectionType::Axis { direction } = direction else {
                panic!("expected an axis direction, got {direction:?} for:\n{code}");
            };
            let actual = [direction.x, direction.y, direction.z];
            assert!(
                actual.iter().zip(expected).all(|(a, e)| (a - e).abs() < 1e-9),
                "expected {expected:?}, got {actual:?} for:\n{code}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn extrude_rejects_direction_that_is_not_lengths() {
        for direction in ["[0, 0, 1deg]", "[0, 0, 1mm + 1deg]", "[0, 0, 1_]"] {
            let code = extrude_direction_code("mm", direction);
            let err = parse_execute(&code).await.unwrap_err();
            assert!(matches!(&err, KclError::Type { .. }), "{err:?} for:\n{code}");
            let message = err.message();
            assert!(
                message.contains("The components of `direction` must be lengths"),
                "{message} for:\n{code}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn explicit_merge_warns_for_plane_based_sketches() {
        let code = r#"
@settings(kclVersion = 2.0)

profiles = sketch(on = XY) {
  circle1 = circle(start = [var 1mm, var 0mm], center = [var 0mm, var 0mm])
  circle2 = circle(start = [var 4mm, var 0mm], center = [var 3mm, var 0mm])
  circle3 = circle(start = [var 7mm, var 0mm], center = [var 6mm, var 0mm])
}

leftRegion = region(segments = [profiles.circle1])
rightRegion = region(segments = [profiles.circle2])
extrude([leftRegion, rightRegion], length = 1mm, method = MERGE)

defaultRegion = region(segments = [profiles.circle3])
extrude(defaultRegion, length = 1mm)
"#;

        let result = parse_execute(code).await.unwrap();
        let warnings: Vec<_> = result
            .issues()
            .iter()
            .filter(|issue| issue.severity == crate::errors::Severity::Warning)
            .collect();

        assert_eq!(warnings.len(), 1, "expected one warning, got {warnings:#?}");
        assert!(
            warnings[0].message.contains(
                "2 plane-based sketches have no parent body for `method = MERGE`, so each will create a separate body"
            ),
            "{}",
            warnings[0].message
        );
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn extrude_rejects_an_empty_target_array() {
        let err = parse_execute("nothing = extrude([], length = 5)").await.unwrap_err();

        assert!(matches!(err, KclError::Argument { .. }), "{err:?}");
        assert!(err.message().contains("requires one or more"), "{err:?}");
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn edge_extrude_succeeds_in_mock_exec() {
        let code = r#"
@settings(kclVersion = 2.0)

sketch001 = sketch(on = XZ) {
  line1 = line(start = [0mm, 0mm], end = [1mm, 0mm])
}
extrude001 = extrude(sketch001.line1, length = 5, bodyType = SURFACE)
extrude(
  getOppositeEdge(extrude001.sketch.tags.line1),
  length = 1,
  method = NEW,
  bodyType = SURFACE,
)
"#;

        parse_execute(code).await.unwrap();
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn edge_specifier_target_cannot_be_extruded_to_a_reference() {
        let code = r#"
@settings(kclVersion = 2.0, experimentalFeatures = allow)

profile = startSketchOn(XY)
  |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
  |> line(end = [1, 0], tag = $sideFace)
  |> line(end = [0, 1])
  |> line(end = [-1, 0])
  |> close()
body = extrude(profile, length = 1, tagEnd = $endFace)

extrude(
  { sideFaces = [sideFace, endFace] },
  to = offsetPlane(XY, offset = 10),
  bodyType = SURFACE,
  method = NEW,
)
"#;

        let err = parse_execute(code).await.unwrap_err();

        assert!(matches!(err, KclError::Semantic { .. }), "{err:?}");
        assert!(
            err.message()
                .contains("Edge specifiers cannot be extruded to a reference"),
            "{err:?}"
        );
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn segment_extrude_rejects_cap_tags() {
        let ctx = ExecutorContext::new_mock(None).await;
        let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ctx);
        let err = coerce_extrude_targets(
            vec![segment_value(&mut exec_state)],
            BodyType::Surface,
            Some(&TagDeclarator::new("cap_start")),
            None,
            &mut exec_state,
            &ctx,
            crate::SourceRange::default(),
        )
        .await
        .unwrap_err();

        assert!(
            err.message()
                .contains("`tagStart` and `tagEnd` are not supported when extruding sketch segments"),
            "{err:?}"
        );
        ctx.close().await;
    }

    /// `getOppositeEdge()` and the other edge getters return a raw edge as
    /// `KclValue::Uuid`, which coerces to `Extrudable::Edge`.
    fn edge_value(exec_state: &mut ExecState) -> KclValue {
        KclValue::Uuid {
            value: exec_state.next_uuid(),
            meta: vec![],
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn edge_extrude_rejects_solid_body_type() {
        let ctx = ExecutorContext::new_mock(None).await;
        let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ctx);
        let edge = edge_value(&mut exec_state);
        let err = coerce_extrude_targets(
            vec![edge],
            BodyType::Solid,
            None,
            None,
            &mut exec_state,
            &ctx,
            crate::SourceRange::default(),
        )
        .await
        .unwrap_err();

        assert!(
            err.message()
                .contains("edges can only be extruded with surface extrudes"),
            "{err:?}"
        );
        ctx.close().await;
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn edge_extrude_rejects_cap_tags() {
        let ctx = ExecutorContext::new_mock(None).await;
        let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ctx);
        let edge = edge_value(&mut exec_state);
        let err = coerce_extrude_targets(
            vec![edge],
            BodyType::Surface,
            Some(&TagDeclarator::new("cap_start")),
            None,
            &mut exec_state,
            &ctx,
            crate::SourceRange::default(),
        )
        .await
        .unwrap_err();

        assert!(
            err.message()
                .contains("`tagStart` and `tagEnd` are not supported when extruding edges"),
            "{err:?}"
        );
        ctx.close().await;
    }

    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
    async fn edge_extrude_rejects_mixing_with_face() {
        let ctx = ExecutorContext::new_mock(None).await;
        let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ctx);
        let edge = edge_value(&mut exec_state);
        // The string "START" coerces to a `FaceTag`, i.e. a non-edge extrudable.
        let face = KclValue::String {
            value: "START".to_owned(),
            meta: vec![],
        };
        let err = coerce_extrude_targets(
            vec![edge, face],
            BodyType::Surface,
            None,
            None,
            &mut exec_state,
            &ctx,
            crate::SourceRange::default(),
        )
        .await
        .unwrap_err();

        assert!(
            err.message()
                .contains("Cannot extrude edges together with sketches or faces"),
            "{err:?}"
        );
        ctx.close().await;
    }
}