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icydb_core/value/
storage_key.rs

1//! Module: value::storage_key
2//! Responsibility: fixed-width scalar key encoding for persistent ordering.
3//! Does not own: typed primary-key semantics (`Id<E>`) or query coercion rules.
4//! Boundary: shared by value normalization and data/index persistence layers.
5//!
6//! `StorageKey` is a storage-normalized scalar and MUST NOT be used as a
7//! public primary-key abstraction.
8
9#![expect(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
10
11use super::Value;
12use crate::{
13    error::InternalError,
14    traits::Repr,
15    types::{Account, Principal, Subaccount, Timestamp, Ulid},
16};
17use candid::CandidType;
18use serde::Deserialize;
19use std::cmp::Ordering;
20use thiserror::Error as ThisError;
21
22//
23// StorageKeyEncodeError
24// Errors returned when encoding a storage key for persistence.
25//
26
27#[derive(Debug, ThisError)]
28pub enum StorageKeyEncodeError {
29    #[error("account owner principal exceeds max length: {len} bytes (limit {max})")]
30    AccountOwnerTooLarge { len: usize, max: usize },
31
32    #[error("value kind '{kind}' is not storage-key encodable")]
33    UnsupportedValueKind { kind: &'static str },
34
35    #[error("principal exceeds max length: {len} bytes (limit {max})")]
36    PrincipalTooLarge { len: usize, max: usize },
37}
38
39impl From<StorageKeyEncodeError> for InternalError {
40    fn from(err: StorageKeyEncodeError) -> Self {
41        Self::serialize_unsupported(err.to_string())
42    }
43}
44
45//
46// StorageKeyDecodeError
47// Errors returned when decoding a persisted storage key payload.
48//
49
50#[derive(Debug, ThisError)]
51pub enum StorageKeyDecodeError {
52    #[error("corrupted StorageKey: invalid size")]
53    InvalidSize,
54
55    #[error("corrupted StorageKey: invalid tag")]
56    InvalidTag,
57
58    #[error("corrupted StorageKey: invalid principal length")]
59    InvalidPrincipalLength,
60
61    #[error("corrupted StorageKey: non-zero {field} padding")]
62    NonZeroPadding { field: &'static str },
63
64    #[error("corrupted StorageKey: invalid account payload ({reason})")]
65    InvalidAccountPayload { reason: &'static str },
66}
67
68//
69// StorageKey
70//
71// Storage-normalized scalar key used by persistence and indexing.
72//
73// This type defines the *only* on-disk representation for scalar keys.
74// It is deliberately separated from typed primary-key values (`Id<E>`).
75//
76
77#[derive(CandidType, Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
78pub enum StorageKey {
79    Account(Account),
80    Int(i64),
81    Principal(Principal),
82    Subaccount(Subaccount),
83    Timestamp(Timestamp),
84    Uint(u64),
85    Ulid(Ulid),
86    Unit,
87}
88
89// Local helper to evaluate storage-key encodability from the scalar registry.
90macro_rules! value_is_storage_key_encodable_from_registry {
91    ( @args $value:expr; @entries $( ($scalar:ident, $family:expr, $value_pat:pat, is_numeric_value = $is_numeric:expr, supports_numeric_coercion = $supports_numeric_coercion:expr, supports_arithmetic = $supports_arithmetic:expr, supports_equality = $supports_equality:expr, supports_ordering = $supports_ordering:expr, is_keyable = $is_keyable:expr, is_storage_key_encodable = $is_storage_key_encodable:expr) ),* $(,)? ) => {
92        match $value {
93            $( $value_pat => $is_storage_key_encodable, )*
94            _ => false,
95        }
96    };
97}
98
99impl StorageKey {
100    // ── Variant tags (DO NOT reorder) ────────────────────────────────
101    pub(crate) const TAG_ACCOUNT: u8 = 0;
102    pub(crate) const TAG_INT: u8 = 1;
103    pub(crate) const TAG_PRINCIPAL: u8 = 2;
104    pub(crate) const TAG_SUBACCOUNT: u8 = 3;
105    pub(crate) const TAG_TIMESTAMP: u8 = 4;
106    pub(crate) const TAG_UINT: u8 = 5;
107    pub(crate) const TAG_ULID: u8 = 6;
108    pub(crate) const TAG_UNIT: u8 = 7;
109
110    /// Fixed serialized size in bytes (protocol invariant).
111    /// DO NOT CHANGE without migration.
112    pub const STORED_SIZE_BYTES: u64 = 64;
113    pub const STORED_SIZE_USIZE: usize = Self::STORED_SIZE_BYTES as usize;
114
115    const TAG_SIZE: usize = 1;
116    pub(crate) const TAG_OFFSET: usize = 0;
117
118    pub(crate) const PAYLOAD_OFFSET: usize = Self::TAG_SIZE;
119    const PAYLOAD_SIZE: usize = Self::STORED_SIZE_USIZE - Self::TAG_SIZE;
120
121    pub(crate) const INT_SIZE: usize = 8;
122    pub(crate) const UINT_SIZE: usize = 8;
123    pub(crate) const TIMESTAMP_SIZE: usize = 8;
124    pub(crate) const ULID_SIZE: usize = 16;
125    pub(crate) const SUBACCOUNT_SIZE: usize = 32;
126    const ACCOUNT_MAX_SIZE: usize = 62;
127
128    pub const fn try_from_value(value: &Value) -> Result<Self, StorageKeyEncodeError> {
129        // Storage encodability is a persistent compatibility contract.
130        // Changing admission is a breaking change and may require index migration.
131        // This is intentionally distinct from schema keyability.
132        let is_storage_key_encodable =
133            scalar_registry!(value_is_storage_key_encodable_from_registry, value);
134        if !is_storage_key_encodable {
135            return Err(StorageKeyEncodeError::UnsupportedValueKind {
136                kind: Self::value_kind_label(value),
137            });
138        }
139
140        match value {
141            Value::Account(v) => Ok(Self::Account(*v)),
142            Value::Int(v) => Ok(Self::Int(*v)),
143            Value::Principal(v) => Ok(Self::Principal(*v)),
144            Value::Subaccount(v) => Ok(Self::Subaccount(*v)),
145            Value::Timestamp(v) => Ok(Self::Timestamp(*v)),
146            Value::Uint(v) => Ok(Self::Uint(*v)),
147            Value::Ulid(v) => Ok(Self::Ulid(*v)),
148            Value::Unit => Ok(Self::Unit),
149
150            _ => Err(StorageKeyEncodeError::UnsupportedValueKind {
151                kind: Self::value_kind_label(value),
152            }),
153        }
154    }
155
156    const fn value_kind_label(value: &Value) -> &'static str {
157        match value {
158            Value::Account(_) => "Account",
159            Value::Blob(_) => "Blob",
160            Value::Bool(_) => "Bool",
161            Value::Date(_) => "Date",
162            Value::Decimal(_) => "Decimal",
163            Value::Duration(_) => "Duration",
164            Value::Enum(_) => "Enum",
165            Value::Float32(_) => "Float32",
166            Value::Float64(_) => "Float64",
167            Value::Int(_) => "Int",
168            Value::Int128(_) => "Int128",
169            Value::IntBig(_) => "IntBig",
170            Value::List(_) => "List",
171            Value::Map(_) => "Map",
172            Value::Null => "Null",
173            Value::Principal(_) => "Principal",
174            Value::Subaccount(_) => "Subaccount",
175            Value::Text(_) => "Text",
176            Value::Timestamp(_) => "Timestamp",
177            Value::Uint(_) => "Uint",
178            Value::Uint128(_) => "Uint128",
179            Value::UintBig(_) => "UintBig",
180            Value::Ulid(_) => "Ulid",
181            Value::Unit => "Unit",
182        }
183    }
184
185    const fn tag(&self) -> u8 {
186        match self {
187            Self::Account(_) => Self::TAG_ACCOUNT,
188            Self::Int(_) => Self::TAG_INT,
189            Self::Principal(_) => Self::TAG_PRINCIPAL,
190            Self::Subaccount(_) => Self::TAG_SUBACCOUNT,
191            Self::Timestamp(_) => Self::TAG_TIMESTAMP,
192            Self::Uint(_) => Self::TAG_UINT,
193            Self::Ulid(_) => Self::TAG_ULID,
194            Self::Unit => Self::TAG_UNIT,
195        }
196    }
197
198    /// Sentinel key representing the maximum storable value.
199    #[must_use]
200    pub fn max_storable() -> Self {
201        Self::Account(Account::max_storable())
202    }
203
204    /// Global minimum key for scan bounds.
205    pub const MIN: Self = Self::Account(Account::from_parts(Principal::from_slice(&[]), None));
206
207    #[must_use]
208    pub const fn lower_bound() -> Self {
209        Self::MIN
210    }
211
212    #[must_use]
213    pub const fn upper_bound() -> Self {
214        Self::Unit
215    }
216
217    const fn variant_rank(&self) -> u8 {
218        self.tag()
219    }
220
221    const fn from_account_encode_error(
222        err: crate::types::AccountEncodeError,
223    ) -> StorageKeyEncodeError {
224        match err {
225            crate::types::AccountEncodeError::OwnerEncode(inner) => {
226                Self::from_principal_encode_error(inner)
227            }
228            crate::types::AccountEncodeError::OwnerTooLarge { len, max } => {
229                StorageKeyEncodeError::AccountOwnerTooLarge { len, max }
230            }
231        }
232    }
233
234    const fn from_principal_encode_error(
235        err: crate::types::PrincipalEncodeError,
236    ) -> StorageKeyEncodeError {
237        match err {
238            crate::types::PrincipalEncodeError::TooLarge { len, max } => {
239                StorageKeyEncodeError::PrincipalTooLarge { len, max }
240            }
241        }
242    }
243
244    /// Encode this key into its fixed-size on-disk representation.
245    pub fn to_bytes(self) -> Result<[u8; Self::STORED_SIZE_USIZE], StorageKeyEncodeError> {
246        // Phase 1: write variant tag and select fixed payload window.
247        let mut buf = [0u8; Self::STORED_SIZE_USIZE];
248        buf[Self::TAG_OFFSET] = self.tag();
249        let payload = &mut buf[Self::PAYLOAD_OFFSET..=Self::PAYLOAD_SIZE];
250
251        // Phase 2: encode variant payload into the normalized fixed-width frame.
252        match self {
253            Self::Account(v) => {
254                let bytes = v
255                    .to_stored_bytes()
256                    .map_err(Self::from_account_encode_error)?;
257                payload[..Self::ACCOUNT_MAX_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&bytes);
258            }
259            Self::Int(v) => {
260                let biased = v.cast_unsigned() ^ (1u64 << 63);
261                payload[..Self::INT_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&biased.to_be_bytes());
262            }
263            Self::Uint(v) => payload[..Self::UINT_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&v.to_be_bytes()),
264            Self::Timestamp(v) => {
265                payload[..Self::TIMESTAMP_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&v.repr().to_be_bytes());
266            }
267            Self::Principal(v) => {
268                let bytes = v
269                    .stored_bytes()
270                    .map_err(Self::from_principal_encode_error)?;
271                let len = bytes.len();
272                payload[0] =
273                    u8::try_from(len).map_err(|_| StorageKeyEncodeError::PrincipalTooLarge {
274                        len,
275                        max: Principal::MAX_LENGTH_IN_BYTES as usize,
276                    })?;
277                payload[1..=len].copy_from_slice(bytes);
278            }
279            Self::Subaccount(v) => payload[..Self::SUBACCOUNT_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&v.to_array()),
280            Self::Ulid(v) => payload[..Self::ULID_SIZE].copy_from_slice(&v.to_bytes()),
281            Self::Unit => {}
282        }
283
284        Ok(buf)
285    }
286
287    pub fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, StorageKeyDecodeError> {
288        let bytes: &[u8; Self::STORED_SIZE_USIZE] = bytes
289            .try_into()
290            .map_err(|_| StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidSize)?;
291
292        Self::try_from_stored_bytes(bytes)
293    }
294
295    /// Decode one storage key from one already size-validated stored frame.
296    pub(crate) fn try_from_stored_bytes(
297        bytes: &[u8; Self::STORED_SIZE_USIZE],
298    ) -> Result<Self, StorageKeyDecodeError> {
299        let tag = bytes[Self::TAG_OFFSET];
300        let payload = &bytes[Self::PAYLOAD_OFFSET..=Self::PAYLOAD_SIZE];
301
302        let ensure_zero_padding = |used: usize, ctx: &'static str| {
303            if payload[used..].iter().all(|&b| b == 0) {
304                Ok(())
305            } else {
306                Err(StorageKeyDecodeError::NonZeroPadding { field: ctx })
307            }
308        };
309
310        // Phase 2: decode tagged payload and enforce zero-padding invariants.
311        match tag {
312            Self::TAG_ACCOUNT => {
313                let end = Account::STORED_SIZE as usize;
314                ensure_zero_padding(end, "account")?;
315                Ok(Self::Account(
316                    Account::try_from_bytes(&payload[..end]).map_err(|reason| {
317                        StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidAccountPayload { reason }
318                    })?,
319                ))
320            }
321            Self::TAG_INT => {
322                let mut buf = [0u8; Self::INT_SIZE];
323                buf.copy_from_slice(&payload[..Self::INT_SIZE]);
324                ensure_zero_padding(Self::INT_SIZE, "int")?;
325                Ok(Self::Int(
326                    (u64::from_be_bytes(buf) ^ (1u64 << 63)).cast_signed(),
327                ))
328            }
329            Self::TAG_PRINCIPAL => {
330                let len = payload[0] as usize;
331                if len > Principal::MAX_LENGTH_IN_BYTES as usize {
332                    return Err(StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidPrincipalLength);
333                }
334                ensure_zero_padding(1 + len, "principal")?;
335                Ok(Self::Principal(Principal::from_slice(&payload[1..=len])))
336            }
337            Self::TAG_SUBACCOUNT => {
338                ensure_zero_padding(Self::SUBACCOUNT_SIZE, "subaccount")?;
339                let mut buf = [0u8; Self::SUBACCOUNT_SIZE];
340                buf.copy_from_slice(&payload[..Self::SUBACCOUNT_SIZE]);
341                Ok(Self::Subaccount(Subaccount::from_array(buf)))
342            }
343            Self::TAG_TIMESTAMP => {
344                ensure_zero_padding(Self::TIMESTAMP_SIZE, "timestamp")?;
345                let mut buf = [0u8; Self::TIMESTAMP_SIZE];
346                buf.copy_from_slice(&payload[..Self::TIMESTAMP_SIZE]);
347                Ok(Self::Timestamp(Timestamp::from_repr(i64::from_be_bytes(
348                    buf,
349                ))))
350            }
351            Self::TAG_UINT => {
352                ensure_zero_padding(Self::UINT_SIZE, "uint")?;
353                let mut buf = [0u8; Self::UINT_SIZE];
354                buf.copy_from_slice(&payload[..Self::UINT_SIZE]);
355                Ok(Self::Uint(u64::from_be_bytes(buf)))
356            }
357            Self::TAG_ULID => {
358                ensure_zero_padding(Self::ULID_SIZE, "ulid")?;
359                let mut buf = [0u8; Self::ULID_SIZE];
360                buf.copy_from_slice(&payload[..Self::ULID_SIZE]);
361                Ok(Self::Ulid(Ulid::from_bytes(buf)))
362            }
363            Self::TAG_UNIT => {
364                ensure_zero_padding(0, "unit")?;
365                Ok(Self::Unit)
366            }
367            _ => Err(StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidTag),
368        }
369    }
370
371    /// Convert this storage-normalized key into a semantic Value.
372    ///
373    /// Intended ONLY for diagnostics, explain output, planner invariants,
374    /// and fingerprinting. Must not be used for query semantics.
375    #[must_use]
376    pub const fn as_value(&self) -> Value {
377        match self {
378            Self::Account(v) => Value::Account(*v),
379            Self::Int(v) => Value::Int(*v),
380            Self::Principal(v) => Value::Principal(*v),
381            Self::Subaccount(v) => Value::Subaccount(*v),
382            Self::Timestamp(v) => Value::Timestamp(*v),
383            Self::Uint(v) => Value::Uint(*v),
384            Self::Ulid(v) => Value::Ulid(*v),
385            Self::Unit => Value::Unit,
386        }
387    }
388}
389
390impl Ord for StorageKey {
391    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
392        match (self, other) {
393            (Self::Account(a), Self::Account(b)) => a.cmp(b),
394            (Self::Int(a), Self::Int(b)) => a.cmp(b),
395            (Self::Principal(a), Self::Principal(b)) => a.cmp(b),
396            (Self::Uint(a), Self::Uint(b)) => a.cmp(b),
397            (Self::Ulid(a), Self::Ulid(b)) => a.cmp(b),
398            (Self::Subaccount(a), Self::Subaccount(b)) => a.cmp(b),
399            (Self::Timestamp(a), Self::Timestamp(b)) => a.cmp(b),
400            _ => self.variant_rank().cmp(&other.variant_rank()),
401        }
402    }
403}
404
405impl PartialOrd for StorageKey {
406    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
407        Some(self.cmp(other))
408    }
409}
410
411impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for StorageKey {
412    type Error = StorageKeyDecodeError;
413    fn try_from(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
414        Self::try_from_bytes(bytes)
415    }
416}
417
418//
419// TESTS
420//
421
422#[cfg(test)]
423mod tests {
424    use super::{StorageKey, StorageKeyDecodeError, StorageKeyEncodeError};
425    use crate::{
426        types::{
427            Account, Date, Decimal, Duration, Float32, Float64, Int, Int128, Nat, Nat128,
428            Principal, Subaccount, Timestamp, Ulid,
429        },
430        value::{Value, ValueEnum},
431    };
432
433    macro_rules! sample_value_for_scalar {
434        (Account) => {
435            Value::Account(Account::dummy(7))
436        };
437        (Blob) => {
438            Value::Blob(vec![1u8, 2u8, 3u8])
439        };
440        (Bool) => {
441            Value::Bool(true)
442        };
443        (Date) => {
444            Value::Date(Date::new(2024, 1, 2))
445        };
446        (Decimal) => {
447            Value::Decimal(Decimal::new(123, 2))
448        };
449        (Duration) => {
450            Value::Duration(Duration::from_secs(1))
451        };
452        (Enum) => {
453            Value::Enum(ValueEnum::loose("example"))
454        };
455        (Float32) => {
456            Value::Float32(Float32::try_new(1.25).expect("Float32 sample should be finite"))
457        };
458        (Float64) => {
459            Value::Float64(Float64::try_new(2.5).expect("Float64 sample should be finite"))
460        };
461        (Int) => {
462            Value::Int(-7)
463        };
464        (Int128) => {
465            Value::Int128(Int128::from(123i128))
466        };
467        (IntBig) => {
468            Value::IntBig(Int::from(99i32))
469        };
470        (Principal) => {
471            Value::Principal(Principal::from_slice(&[1u8, 2u8, 3u8]))
472        };
473        (Subaccount) => {
474            Value::Subaccount(Subaccount::new([1u8; 32]))
475        };
476        (Text) => {
477            Value::Text("example".to_string())
478        };
479        (Timestamp) => {
480            Value::Timestamp(Timestamp::from_secs(1))
481        };
482        (Uint) => {
483            Value::Uint(7)
484        };
485        (Uint128) => {
486            Value::Uint128(Nat128::from(9u128))
487        };
488        (UintBig) => {
489            Value::UintBig(Nat::from(11u64))
490        };
491        (Ulid) => {
492            Value::Ulid(Ulid::from_u128(42))
493        };
494        (Unit) => {
495            Value::Unit
496        };
497    }
498
499    fn registry_storage_encodable_cases() -> Vec<(Value, bool)> {
500        macro_rules! collect_cases {
501            ( @entries $( ($scalar:ident, $family:expr, $value_pat:pat, is_numeric_value = $is_numeric:expr, supports_numeric_coercion = $supports_numeric_coercion:expr, supports_arithmetic = $supports_arithmetic:expr, supports_equality = $supports_equality:expr, supports_ordering = $supports_ordering:expr, is_keyable = $is_keyable:expr, is_storage_key_encodable = $is_storage_key_encodable:expr) ),* $(,)? ) => {
502                vec![ $( (sample_value_for_scalar!($scalar), $is_storage_key_encodable) ),* ]
503            };
504            ( @args $($ignore:tt)*; @entries $( ($scalar:ident, $family:expr, $value_pat:pat, is_numeric_value = $is_numeric:expr, supports_numeric_coercion = $supports_numeric_coercion:expr, supports_arithmetic = $supports_arithmetic:expr, supports_equality = $supports_equality:expr, supports_ordering = $supports_ordering:expr, is_keyable = $is_keyable:expr, is_storage_key_encodable = $is_storage_key_encodable:expr) ),* $(,)? ) => {
505                vec![ $( (sample_value_for_scalar!($scalar), $is_storage_key_encodable) ),* ]
506            };
507        }
508
509        scalar_registry!(collect_cases)
510    }
511
512    #[test]
513    fn storage_key_try_from_value_matches_registry_flag() {
514        for (value, expected_encodable) in registry_storage_encodable_cases() {
515            assert_eq!(
516                StorageKey::try_from_value(&value).is_ok(),
517                expected_encodable,
518                "value: {value:?}"
519            );
520        }
521    }
522
523    #[test]
524    fn storage_key_known_encodability_contracts() {
525        assert!(StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Unit).is_ok());
526        assert!(StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Decimal(Decimal::new(1, 0))).is_err());
527        assert!(StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Text("x".to_string())).is_err());
528        assert!(StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Account(Account::dummy(1))).is_ok());
529    }
530
531    #[test]
532    fn storage_key_unsupported_values_report_kind() {
533        let decimal_err = StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Decimal(Decimal::new(1, 0)))
534            .expect_err("Decimal is not storage-key encodable");
535        assert!(matches!(
536            decimal_err,
537            StorageKeyEncodeError::UnsupportedValueKind { kind } if kind == "Decimal"
538        ));
539
540        let text_err = StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Text("x".to_string()))
541            .expect_err("Text is not storage-key encodable");
542        assert!(matches!(
543            text_err,
544            StorageKeyEncodeError::UnsupportedValueKind { kind } if kind == "Text"
545        ));
546    }
547
548    #[test]
549    fn storage_keys_sort_deterministically_across_mixed_variants() {
550        let mut keys = vec![
551            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Unit).expect("Unit is encodable"),
552            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Ulid(Ulid::from_u128(2)))
553                .expect("Ulid is encodable"),
554            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Uint(2)).expect("Uint is encodable"),
555            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Timestamp(Timestamp::from_secs(2)))
556                .expect("Timestamp is encodable"),
557            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Subaccount(Subaccount::new([3u8; 32])))
558                .expect("Subaccount is encodable"),
559            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Principal(Principal::from_slice(&[9u8])))
560                .expect("Principal is encodable"),
561            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Int(-1)).expect("Int is encodable"),
562            StorageKey::try_from_value(&Value::Account(Account::dummy(3)))
563                .expect("Account is encodable"),
564        ];
565
566        keys.sort();
567
568        let expected = vec![
569            StorageKey::Account(Account::dummy(3)),
570            StorageKey::Int(-1),
571            StorageKey::Principal(Principal::from_slice(&[9u8])),
572            StorageKey::Subaccount(Subaccount::new([3u8; 32])),
573            StorageKey::Timestamp(Timestamp::from_secs(2)),
574            StorageKey::Uint(2),
575            StorageKey::Ulid(Ulid::from_u128(2)),
576            StorageKey::Unit,
577        ];
578
579        assert_eq!(keys, expected);
580    }
581
582    #[test]
583    fn storage_key_decode_rejects_invalid_size_as_structured_error() {
584        let err =
585            StorageKey::try_from_bytes(&[]).expect_err("decode should reject invalid key size");
586        assert!(matches!(err, StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidSize));
587    }
588
589    #[test]
590    fn storage_key_decode_rejects_invalid_tag_as_structured_error() {
591        let mut bytes = [0u8; StorageKey::STORED_SIZE_USIZE];
592        bytes[StorageKey::TAG_OFFSET] = 0xFF;
593
594        let err = StorageKey::try_from_bytes(&bytes).expect_err("decode should reject invalid tag");
595        assert!(matches!(err, StorageKeyDecodeError::InvalidTag));
596    }
597
598    #[test]
599    fn storage_key_decode_rejects_non_zero_padding_with_segment_context() {
600        let mut bytes = [0u8; StorageKey::STORED_SIZE_USIZE];
601        bytes[StorageKey::TAG_OFFSET] = StorageKey::TAG_UNIT;
602        bytes[StorageKey::PAYLOAD_OFFSET] = 1;
603
604        let err = StorageKey::try_from_bytes(&bytes)
605            .expect_err("decode should reject non-zero padding for unit payload");
606        assert!(matches!(
607            err,
608            StorageKeyDecodeError::NonZeroPadding { field } if field == "unit"
609        ));
610    }
611}