ic_memory/

lib.rs

#![deny(unsafe_code, unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
#![deny(rustdoc::broken_intra_doc_links)]
#![doc = include_str!("../README.md")]

//! Stable-memory allocation-governance primitives for Internet Computer
//! canister upgrades.
//!
//! `ic-memory` prevents stable-memory slot drift.
//!
//! Once a stable key is committed to a physical allocation slot, future binaries
//! must either reopen that same stable key on that same slot or declare a new
//! stable key.
//!
//! The crate records and validates durable ownership in both directions: an
//! active stable key cannot move to a different physical slot, and an active
//! physical slot cannot be reused by a different stable key.
//!
//! The intended runtime integration flow is:
//!
//! 1. Recover the persisted allocation ledger.
//! 2. Admit consumer identity and authorized historical selections from bounded
//!    metadata under the host's `RuntimeBootstrapPolicy`.
//! 3. Resolve logical requests under explicit host grants, combine them with
//!    sealed fixed declarations, then validate against history and current policy.
//! 4. Stage and durably persist the next generation.
//! 5. Only then open stable-memory handles through committed allocation
//!    authority.
//!
//! This crate owns allocation invariants, not framework policy. Namespace
//! rules, controller authorization, endpoint lifecycle, schema migrations, and
//! application validation belong to the framework or application.
//!
//! For the default `MemoryManager` runtime, registered `ic-memory` range claims
//! are generic allocation policy and are enforced before caller-supplied
//! policy. A framework such as Canic that wants higher-level range semantics
//! should adapt to this contract deliberately. Register explicit grants for
//! logical placement and historical selection. When no user ranges are
//! registered, the framework's [`AllocationPolicy`] can enforce fixed
//! application claims directly.
//!
//! Use these primitives before opening stable-memory handles. Integrations
//! should recover the historical ledger, declare the stores expected by the
//! current binary, admit recovered identity, resolve requests, validate against
//! history and policy, persist a new generation, and only then publish authority
//! before opening slots through the storage owner.
//!
//! Bounded physical attribution is available through
//! [`MemoryRuntime::memory_allocations`] and
//! [`default_memory_manager_memory_allocations`]. It reports actual persisted
//! buckets and explicit residuals without decoding ledger history. Virtual
//! extent is not payload occupancy. Opens return [`RuntimeMemory`]; explicit
//! [`MemoryManagerConfig`] selects fresh-state buckets or checks a persisted
//! setting without migration. The default remains 128 pages.
//!
//! [`MemoryRuntime`] is the canonical owner for one backing memory instance. It
//! contains that memory's manager, ledger cell, bootstrap lifecycle, committed
//! capability, opens, and diagnostics. Linked code contributes declarations to
//! one immutable [`SealedDeclarationSnapshot`], which is supplied to each
//! runtime independently.
//!
//! [`AllocationBootstrap`] is the golden path for whichever layer owns a given
//! ledger store. Canic may own bootstrap for a framework canister and compose
//! IcyDB/application declarations through its registry; IcyDB may own bootstrap
//! directly for generated database stores; or a standalone application canister
//! may own bootstrap itself. Exactly one owner should bootstrap one ledger
//! store. Multiple layers in the same canister must either compose declarations
//! into that owner or use distinct ledger stores and allocation domains.
//!
//! `ic-stable-structures` `MemoryManager` IDs are the first-class supported
//! physical slot substrate. That ID domain is `u8`: IDs `0..=254` are usable,
//! and ID `255` is always the `ic-stable-structures` unallocated sentinel.
//! The crate still keeps narrow internal abstractions for storage adapters and
//! diagnostics, but the native IC path is
//! `MemoryManager` ID 0 -> `ic-stable-structures::Cell<StableCellLedgerRecord,
//! _>` -> [`LedgerCommitStore`] -> [`CommittedGenerationBytes`] ->
//! [`LedgerPayloadEnvelope`] -> [`RecoveredLedger`] -> [`ValidatedAllocations`]
//! -> [`CommittedAllocations`].
//!
//! [`ic_stable_structures`] re-exports the exact substrate version used by this
//! crate. Use its collections and traits with [`RuntimeMemory`] handles;
//! `ic-memory` owns allocation governance without wrapping typed collections.

mod bootstrap;
mod capability;
mod cbor;
mod constants;
mod declaration;
mod diagnostics;
mod hash;
mod key;
mod ledger;
mod physical;
mod policy;
mod registry;
mod runtime;
mod schema;
mod slot;
mod stable_cell;
mod text;
mod validation;

#[cfg(test)]
mod test_cbor {
    use serde::{Serialize, de::DeserializeOwned};

    pub use ciborium::Value;

    pub fn to_vec<T: Serialize>(
        value: &T,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ciborium::ser::Error<std::io::Error>> {
        let mut bytes = Vec::new();
        ciborium::into_writer(value, &mut bytes)?;
        Ok(bytes)
    }

    pub fn from_slice<T: DeserializeOwned>(
        bytes: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<T, ciborium::de::Error<std::io::Error>> {
        crate::cbor::from_slice_exact(bytes)
    }

    pub fn to_value<T: Serialize>(value: T) -> Result<Value, ciborium::value::Error> {
        Value::serialized(&value)
    }

    pub fn hex_fixture(contents: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
        let hex = contents
            .chars()
            .filter(|char| !char.is_whitespace())
            .collect::<String>();
        assert_eq!(hex.len() % 2, 0, "fixture hex must have byte pairs");
        hex.as_bytes()
            .as_chunks::<2>()
            .0
            .iter()
            .map(|pair| {
                let pair = std::str::from_utf8(pair).expect("fixture hex is utf8");
                u8::from_str_radix(pair, 16).expect("fixture hex byte")
            })
            .collect()
    }
}

/// Stable collections and traits from this crate's exact substrate dependency.
///
/// Use the upstream collections with [`RuntimeMemory`] handles obtained through
/// the owned runtime. This re-export preserves upstream type identity.
pub use ic_stable_structures;

pub use bootstrap::{
    AllocationBootstrap, BootstrapError, BootstrapReservationError, BootstrapRetirementError,
    PendingBootstrapCommit,
};
pub use capability::{CommittedAllocations, ValidatedAllocations};
pub use constants::{
    MAX_LEDGER_BYTES, MAX_LEDGER_GENERATIONS, MAX_LEDGER_NESTING, MAX_LEDGER_RECORD_BYTES,
    WASM_PAGE_SIZE_BYTES,
};
pub use declaration::{AllocationDeclaration, DeclarationSnapshot, DeclarationSnapshotError};
pub use diagnostics::{
    DiagnosticCheck, DiagnosticCode, DiagnosticDeclaration, DiagnosticExport, DiagnosticFailure,
    DiagnosticMemorySize, DiagnosticRangeAuthority, DiagnosticRecord, DiagnosticRuntimeBinding,
    DiagnosticStableCell, DiagnosticStableCellStatus, MemoryRuntimeDoctorReport,
};
pub use key::{StableKey, StableKeyError};
pub use ledger::{
    AllocationHistory, AllocationLedger, AllocationRecord, AllocationReservationError,
    AllocationRetirement, AllocationRetirementError, AllocationStageError, AllocationState,
    GenerationRecord, LEDGER_PAYLOAD_FORMAT_VERSION, LedgerCommitError, LedgerCommitStore,
    LedgerIntegrityError, LedgerPayloadEnvelope, LedgerPayloadEnvelopeError, RecoveredLedger,
    SchemaMetadataRecord,
};
pub use physical::{
    CommitRecoveryError, CommitSlotDiagnostic, CommitStoreDiagnostic, CommittedGenerationBytes,
    DualCommitStore,
};
pub use policy::{AllocationPolicy, PolicyIdentity, PolicyIdentityError, RuntimeBootstrapPolicy};
pub use registry::{
    MemoryRequest, SealedDeclarationFingerprint, SealedDeclarationSnapshot,
    StaticMemoryDeclaration, StaticMemoryDeclarationError, StaticMemoryRangeDeclaration,
    register_memory_request, register_static_memory_declaration,
    register_static_memory_manager_declaration,
    register_static_memory_manager_declaration_with_schema, register_static_memory_manager_range,
    register_static_memory_range_declaration, sealed_declaration_snapshot,
};
pub use runtime::{
    AllocationBinding, AllocationRangeClaim, BootstrapAdmission, BootstrapAdmissionError,
    GenericRangePolicy, MemoryAllocation, MemoryAllocationSummary, MemoryAllocations,
    MemoryBindingSummary, MemoryManagerConfig, MemoryManagerLayoutError, MemoryResolutionError,
    MemoryRuntime, RecoveredAllocationMetadata, RuntimeAdoptionError, RuntimeBootstrapError,
    RuntimeConstructionError, RuntimeDiagnosticError, RuntimeGrowError, RuntimeMemory,
    RuntimeOpenError, RuntimePolicyError, RuntimeStateError, bootstrap_default_memory_manager,
    bootstrap_default_memory_manager_with_config, bootstrap_default_memory_manager_with_policy,
    committed_allocations, default_memory_manager_commit_recovery_diagnostic,
    default_memory_manager_diagnostic_export, default_memory_manager_doctor_report,
    default_memory_manager_doctor_report_with_policy,
    default_memory_manager_memory_allocation_summary, default_memory_manager_memory_allocations,
    default_memory_manager_memory_id, is_default_memory_manager_bootstrapped,
    open_default_memory_manager_memory, open_default_memory_manager_memory_by_key,
    verify_default_memory_manager_authority,
};
pub use schema::{SchemaMetadata, SchemaMetadataError};
pub use slot::{
    AllocationSlot, AllocationSlotDescriptor, IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY_OWNER,
    IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY_PURPOSE, IC_MEMORY_LEDGER_LABEL, IC_MEMORY_LEDGER_STABLE_KEY,
    IC_MEMORY_STABLE_KEY_PREFIX, MEMORY_MANAGER_GOVERNANCE_MAX_ID, MEMORY_MANAGER_INVALID_ID,
    MEMORY_MANAGER_LEDGER_ID, MEMORY_MANAGER_MAX_ID, MEMORY_MANAGER_MIN_ID,
    MemoryManagerAuthorityRecord, MemoryManagerIdRange, MemoryManagerRangeAuthority,
    MemoryManagerRangeAuthorityError, MemoryManagerRangeError, MemoryManagerRangeMode,
    MemoryManagerSlotError, is_ic_memory_stable_key, memory_manager_governance_range,
    validate_memory_manager_id,
};
pub use stable_cell::{
    STABLE_CELL_HEADER_SIZE, STABLE_CELL_LAYOUT_VERSION, STABLE_CELL_MAGIC,
    STABLE_CELL_VALUE_OFFSET, StableCellLedgerError, StableCellLedgerRecord,
    StableCellPayloadError, decode_stable_cell_ledger_record, decode_stable_cell_payload,
    validate_stable_cell_ledger_memory,
};
pub use validation::{AllocationValidationError, validate_allocations};

#[doc(hidden)]
pub use registry::{defer_eager_init, defer_static_memory_registration};

#[doc(hidden)]
pub mod __reexports {
    pub use ctor;
}

/// Register a `MemoryManager` allocation declaration during static initialization.
///
/// The explicit authority is stable policy identity shared with the matching
/// range declaration. A string literal or shared compile-time string constant
/// may be used. Internal `ic-memory` authority is unavailable to callers.
///
/// This macro only registers declaration metadata. It does not open stable
/// memory. The bootstrap owner still has to collect/seal declarations, validate
/// them against the ledger, commit the generation, and then open memory handles.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! ic_memory_declaration {
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal $(,)?) => {
        const _: () = {
            fn __ic_memory_register_request() -> Result<(), $crate::StaticMemoryDeclarationError> {
                $crate::register_memory_request($crate::MemoryRequest::new(
                    $authority, $stable_key, $crate::SchemaMetadata::default(),
                )?)
            }
            #[ $crate::__reexports::ctor::ctor(unsafe, anonymous, crate_path = $crate::__reexports::ctor) ]
            fn __ic_memory_defer_request() {
                $crate::defer_static_memory_registration(__ic_memory_register_request);
            }
        };
    };
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal, ty = $label:path, id = $id:expr $(,)?) => {
        const _: () = {
            const __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY: &str = $authority;

            fn __ic_memory_register_static_declaration() -> Result<(), $crate::StaticMemoryDeclarationError> {
                let _ = core::marker::PhantomData::<$label>;
                $crate::register_static_memory_manager_declaration(
                    $id,
                    __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY,
                    stringify!($label),
                    $stable_key,
                )
            }

            #[ $crate::__reexports::ctor::ctor(unsafe, anonymous, crate_path = $crate::__reexports::ctor) ]
            fn __ic_memory_defer_static_declaration() {
                $crate::defer_static_memory_registration(__ic_memory_register_static_declaration);
            }
        };
    };
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal, label = $label:literal, id = $id:expr $(,)?) => {
        const _: () = {
            const __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY: &str = $authority;

            fn __ic_memory_register_static_declaration() -> Result<(), $crate::StaticMemoryDeclarationError> {
                $crate::register_static_memory_manager_declaration(
                    $id,
                    __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY,
                    $label,
                    $stable_key,
                )
            }

            #[ $crate::__reexports::ctor::ctor(unsafe, anonymous, crate_path = $crate::__reexports::ctor) ]
            fn __ic_memory_defer_static_declaration() {
                $crate::defer_static_memory_registration(__ic_memory_register_static_declaration);
            }
        };
    };
}

/// Declare a `MemoryManager` allocation range during static initialization.
///
/// The explicit authority must match every declaration that uses this range.
/// A shared compile-time string constant can keep those declarations aligned.
///
/// Omitting `mode` selects [`MemoryManagerRangeMode::Reserved`]. A reserved
/// range permits matching fixed or historical claims but supplies no fresh
/// logical placements. Use `mode = Allowed` to grant a pool for new key-only
/// requests; neither mode allocates any memory by itself.
///
/// A new logical request with no free ID in a matching `Allowed` range returns
/// [`MemoryResolutionError::Exhausted`], even when a `Reserved` range has free IDs.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// // Fixed claims use the default Reserved mode.
/// ic_memory::ic_memory_range!(authority = "framework", start = 10, end = 19);
///
/// // New key-only requests require an explicit Allowed pool.
/// ic_memory::ic_memory_range!(authority = "app", start = 20, end = 29, mode = Allowed);
/// ic_memory::ic_memory_declaration!(authority = "app", key = "app.users.v1");
/// ```
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! ic_memory_range {
    (authority = $authority:expr, start = $start:expr, end = $end:expr $(,)?) => {
        $crate::ic_memory_range!(
            authority = $authority,
            start = $start,
            end = $end,
            mode = Reserved,
        );
    };
    (authority = $authority:expr, start = $start:expr, end = $end:expr, mode = $mode:ident $(,)?) => {
        const _: () = {
            const __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY: &str = $authority;

            fn __ic_memory_register_static_range() -> Result<(), $crate::StaticMemoryDeclarationError> {
                $crate::register_static_memory_manager_range(
                    $start,
                    $end,
                    __IC_MEMORY_AUTHORITY,
                    $crate::MemoryManagerRangeMode::$mode,
                    None,
                )
            }

            #[ $crate::__reexports::ctor::ctor(unsafe, anonymous, crate_path = $crate::__reexports::ctor) ]
            fn __ic_memory_defer_static_range() {
                $crate::defer_static_memory_registration(__ic_memory_register_static_range);
            }
        };
    };
}

/// Declare and open a committed `MemoryManager` slot by stable key.
///
/// The macro registers declaration metadata during static initialization and
/// returns the typed default-runtime open result at expression use time.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! ic_memory_key {
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal $(,)?) => {{
        $crate::ic_memory_declaration!(authority = $authority, key = $stable_key);
        $crate::open_default_memory_manager_memory_by_key($stable_key)
    }};
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal, ty = $label:path, id = $id:expr $(,)?) => {{
        $crate::ic_memory_declaration!(
            authority = $authority,
            key = $stable_key,
            ty = $label,
            id = $id,
        );
        $crate::open_default_memory_manager_memory($stable_key, $id)
    }};
    (authority = $authority:expr, key = $stable_key:literal, label = $label:literal, id = $id:expr $(,)?) => {{
        $crate::ic_memory_declaration!(
            authority = $authority,
            key = $stable_key,
            label = $label,
            id = $id,
        );
        $crate::open_default_memory_manager_memory($stable_key, $id)
    }};
}

/// Register one pre-bootstrap hook.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! eager_init {
    ($body:block) => {
        const _: () = {
            fn __ic_memory_registered_eager_init_body() {
                $body
            }

            #[ $crate::__reexports::ctor::ctor(unsafe, anonymous, crate_path = $crate::__reexports::ctor) ]
            fn __ic_memory_register_eager_init() {
                $crate::defer_eager_init(__ic_memory_registered_eager_init_body);
            }
        };
    };
}