i_slint_compiler/generator/

rust.rs

// Copyright © SixtyFPS GmbH <info@slint.dev>
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only OR LicenseRef-Slint-Royalty-free-2.0 OR LicenseRef-Slint-Software-3.0

// cSpell: ignore conv gdata powf punct vref rescope rfold updt

/*! module for the Rust code generator

Some convention used in the generated code:
 - `_self` is of type `Pin<&ComponentType>`  where ComponentType is the type of the generated sub component,
   this is existing for any evaluation of a binding
 - `self_rc` is of type `VRc<ItemTreeVTable, ComponentType>` or `Rc<ComponentType>` for globals
   this is usually a local variable to the init code that shouldn't be relied upon by the binding code.
*/

use super::accessor_names::{self, AccessorKind};
use crate::CompilerConfiguration;
use crate::diagnostics::SourceLocation;
use crate::expression_tree::{BuiltinFunction, EasingCurve, MinMaxOp, OperatorClass};
use crate::langtype::{Enumeration, EnumerationValue, Struct, StructName, Type};
use crate::layout::Orientation;
use crate::llr::lower_expression::lower_constant_expression;
use crate::llr::lower_layout_expression::{
    CROSS_WIDTH_LOCAL, GRID_MEASURE_CHILD_INDEX_LOCAL, GRID_MEASURE_REPEATER_INDEX_LOCAL,
    MEASURE_KNOWN_W_LOCAL,
};
use crate::llr::{
    self, ArrayOutput, EvaluationContext as llr_EvaluationContext, EvaluationScope, Expression,
    ParentScope, TypeResolutionContext as _,
};
use crate::object_tree::Document;
use crate::typeloader::LibraryInfo;
use itertools::Either;
use proc_macro2::{Ident, TokenStream, TokenTree};
use quote::{format_ident, quote};
use smol_str::SmolStr;
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
use std::str::FromStr;

#[derive(Clone)]
struct RustGeneratorContext {
    /// Path to the SharedGlobals structure that contains the global and the WindowAdapter
    global_access: TokenStream,
}

type EvaluationContext<'a> = llr_EvaluationContext<'a, RustGeneratorContext>;

pub fn ident(ident: &str) -> proc_macro2::Ident {
    if ident.contains('-') {
        format_ident!("r#{}", ident.replace('-', "_"))
    } else {
        format_ident!("r#{}", ident)
    }
}

/// Returns the identifier used for the Property<()> that tracks when a
/// callback handler is changed from native code.
fn callback_tracker_ident(callback_name: &str) -> proc_macro2::Ident {
    format_ident!("callback_tracker_{}", callback_name.replace('-', "_"))
}

impl quote::ToTokens for Orientation {
    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
        let tks = match self {
            Orientation::Horizontal => {
                quote!(sp::Orientation::Horizontal)
            }
            Orientation::Vertical => {
                quote!(sp::Orientation::Vertical)
            }
        };
        tokens.extend(tks);
    }
}

impl quote::ToTokens for crate::embedded_resources::PixelFormat {
    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
        use crate::embedded_resources::PixelFormat::*;
        let tks = match self {
            Rgb => quote!(sp::TexturePixelFormat::Rgb),
            Rgba => quote!(sp::TexturePixelFormat::Rgba),
            RgbaPremultiplied => {
                quote!(sp::TexturePixelFormat::RgbaPremultiplied)
            }
            AlphaMap(_) => quote!(sp::TexturePixelFormat::AlphaMap),
        };
        tokens.extend(tks);
    }
}

pub fn rust_primitive_type(ty: &Type) -> Option<proc_macro2::TokenStream> {
    match ty {
        Type::Void => Some(quote!(())),
        Type::Int32 => Some(quote!(i32)),
        Type::Float32 => Some(quote!(f32)),
        Type::String => Some(quote!(sp::SharedString)),
        Type::Color => Some(quote!(sp::Color)),
        Type::DataTransfer => Some(quote!(sp::DataTransfer)),
        Type::Easing => Some(quote!(sp::EasingCurve)),
        Type::MouseCursor => Some(quote!(sp::MouseCursorInner)),
        Type::ComponentFactory => Some(quote!(slint::ComponentFactory)),
        Type::Duration => Some(quote!(i64)),
        Type::Angle => Some(quote!(f32)),
        Type::PhysicalLength => Some(quote!(sp::Coord)),
        Type::LogicalLength => Some(quote!(sp::Coord)),
        Type::Rem => Some(quote!(f32)),
        Type::Percent => Some(quote!(f32)),
        Type::Bool => Some(quote!(bool)),
        Type::Image => Some(quote!(sp::Image)),
        Type::StyledText => Some(quote!(sp::StyledText)),
        Type::Struct(s) => {
            struct_name_to_tokens(&s.name).or_else(|| {
                let elem =
                    s.fields.values().map(rust_primitive_type).collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
                // This will produce a tuple
                Some(quote!((#(#elem,)*)))
            })
        }
        Type::Array(o) => {
            let inner = rust_primitive_type(o)?;
            Some(quote!(sp::ModelRc<#inner>))
        }
        Type::Enumeration(e) => {
            let i = ident(&e.name);
            if e.node.is_some() { Some(quote!(#i)) } else { Some(quote!(sp::#i)) }
        }
        Type::Keys => Some(quote!(sp::Keys)),
        Type::Brush => Some(quote!(slint::Brush)),
        Type::LayoutCache => Some(quote!(
            sp::SharedVector<
                sp::Coord,
            >
        )),
        Type::ArrayOfU16 => Some(quote!(
            sp::SharedVector<
                u16,
            >
        )),
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn rust_property_type(ty: &Type) -> Option<proc_macro2::TokenStream> {
    match ty {
        Type::LogicalLength => Some(quote!(sp::LogicalLength)),
        Type::Easing => Some(quote!(sp::EasingCurve)),
        Type::MouseCursor => Some(quote!(sp::MouseCursorInner)),
        _ => rust_primitive_type(ty),
    }
}

fn primitive_property_value(ty: &Type, property_accessor: MemberAccess) -> TokenStream {
    primitive_value_from_property_value(ty, property_accessor.get_property())
}

fn primitive_value_from_property_value(ty: &Type, value: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
    match ty {
        Type::LogicalLength => quote!(#value.get()),
        _ => value,
    }
}

fn set_primitive_property_value(ty: &Type, value_expression: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
    match ty {
        Type::LogicalLength => {
            let rust_ty = rust_primitive_type(ty).unwrap_or(quote!(_));
            quote!(sp::LogicalLength::new(#value_expression as #rust_ty))
        }
        _ => value_expression,
    }
}

/// Generate the rust code for the given component.
pub fn generate(
    doc: &Document,
    compiler_config: &CompilerConfiguration,
) -> std::io::Result<TokenStream> {
    if std::env::var("SLINT_LIVE_PREVIEW").is_ok() {
        return super::rust_live_preview::generate(doc, compiler_config);
    }

    let module_header = generate_module_header();
    let qualified_name_ident = |symbol: &SmolStr, library_info: &LibraryInfo| {
        let symbol = ident(symbol);
        let package = ident(&library_info.package);
        if let Some(module) = &library_info.module {
            let module = ident(module);
            quote!(#package :: #module :: #symbol)
        } else {
            quote!(#package :: #symbol)
        }
    };

    let library_imports = {
        let doc_used_types = doc.used_types.borrow();
        doc_used_types
            .library_types_imports
            .iter()
            .map(|(symbol, library_info)| {
                let ident = qualified_name_ident(symbol, library_info);
                quote!(
                    #[allow(unused_imports)]
                    pub use #ident;
                )
            })
            .chain(doc_used_types.library_global_imports.iter().map(|(symbol, library_info)| {
                let ident = qualified_name_ident(symbol, library_info);
                let inner_symbol_name = smol_str::format_smolstr!("Inner{}", symbol);
                let inner_ident = qualified_name_ident(&inner_symbol_name, library_info);
                quote!(pub use #ident, #inner_ident;)
            }))
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };

    let llr = crate::llr::lower_to_item_tree::lower_to_item_tree(doc, compiler_config);

    if llr.public_components.is_empty() {
        return Ok(Default::default());
    }

    let inner_module = generate_types(&doc.used_types.borrow().structs_and_enums, &llr);

    let sub_compos = llr
        .used_sub_components
        .iter()
        .map(|sub_compo| generate_sub_component(*sub_compo, &llr, None, None, false))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let public_components =
        llr.public_components.iter().map(|p| generate_public_component(p, &llr, compiler_config));

    let popup_menu =
        llr.popup_menu.as_ref().map(|p| generate_item_tree(&p.item_tree, &llr, None, None, true));

    let mut global_exports = Vec::<TokenStream>::new();
    if let Some(library_name) = &compiler_config.library_name {
        // Building as a library, SharedGlobals needs to be exported
        let ident = format_ident!("{}SharedGlobals", library_name);
        global_exports.push(quote!(SharedGlobals as #ident));
    }
    let globals =
        llr.globals.iter_enumerated().filter(|(_, glob)| glob.must_generate()).map(
            |(idx, glob)| generate_global(idx, glob, &llr, compiler_config, &mut global_exports),
        );
    let library_globals_getters = llr
        .globals
        .iter_enumerated()
        .filter(|(_, glob)| glob.from_library)
        .map(|(_idx, glob)| generate_global_getters(glob, &llr));
    let shared_globals = generate_shared_globals(doc, &llr, compiler_config);
    let globals_ids = llr.globals.iter().filter(|glob| glob.exported).flat_map(|glob| {
        std::iter::once(ident(&glob.name)).chain(glob.aliases.iter().map(|x| ident(x)))
    });
    let compo_ids = llr.public_components.iter().map(|c| ident(&c.name));

    let resource_symbols = generate_resources(doc);
    // The inner module was meant to be internal private, but projects have been reaching into it
    // so we can't change the name of this module
    let generated_mod = doc
        .last_exported_component()
        .map(|c| format_ident!("slint_generated{}", ident(&c.id)))
        .unwrap_or_else(|| format_ident!("slint_generated"));

    let (type_reexports, deprecated_type_exports) = type_exports(&llr, &generated_mod);

    #[cfg(not(feature = "bundle-translations"))]
    let translations = quote!();
    #[cfg(feature = "bundle-translations")]
    let translations = llr.translations.as_ref().map(|t| generate_translations(t, &llr));

    Ok(quote! {
        mod #generated_mod {
            #module_header
            #(#library_imports)*
            #inner_module
            #(#globals)*
            #(#library_globals_getters)*
            #(#sub_compos)*
            #popup_menu
            #(#public_components)*
            #shared_globals
            #(#resource_symbols)*
            #translations
        }
        #[allow(unused_imports)]
        pub use #generated_mod::{#(#compo_ids,)* #(#type_reexports,)* #(#globals_ids,)* #(#global_exports,)*};
        #(#deprecated_type_exports)*
        #[allow(unused_imports)]
        pub use slint::{ComponentHandle as _, Global as _, ModelExt as _};
    })
}

pub(super) fn generate_module_header() -> TokenStream {
    quote! {
        #![allow(non_snake_case, non_camel_case_types)]
        #![allow(unused_braces, unused_parens, dead_code)]
        #![allow(clippy::all, clippy::pedantic, clippy::nursery)]
        #![allow(unknown_lints, if_let_rescope, tail_expr_drop_order)] // We don't have fancy Drop

        use slint::private_unstable_api::re_exports as sp;
        #[allow(unused_imports)]
        use sp::{RepeatedItemTree as _, ModelExt as _, Model as _, Float as _};
    }
}

/// Generate the definitions of the structs and enums, as the inner module's token stream.
pub fn generate_types(used_types: &[Type], unit: &llr::CompilationUnit) -> TokenStream {
    let structs_and_enum_def = used_types.iter().filter_map(|ty| match ty {
        Type::Struct(s) => match s.as_ref() {
            the_struct @ Struct { name: StructName::User { .. }, .. } => {
                Some(generate_struct(the_struct, unit))
            }
            _ => None,
        },
        Type::Enumeration(en) => Some(generate_enum(en)),
        _ => None,
    });

    let version_check = format_ident!(
        "VersionCheck_{}_{}_{}",
        env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MAJOR"),
        env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MINOR"),
        env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION_PATCH"),
    );

    quote! {
        #(#structs_and_enum_def)*
        const _THE_SAME_VERSION_MUST_BE_USED_FOR_THE_COMPILER_AND_THE_RUNTIME : slint::#version_check = slint::#version_check;
    }
}

/// Render the re-exports of [`llr::CompilationUnit::type_exports`]: `pub use` for a type
/// exposed under a name, and a deprecated `pub type` alias for one kept only for backward
/// compatibility. Returns the `pub use` items (spliced into the module's use list) and the
/// deprecated aliases (emitted as standalone items).
pub(super) fn type_exports(
    unit: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    generated_mod: &Ident,
) -> (Vec<TokenStream>, Vec<TokenStream>) {
    let mut reexports = Vec::new();
    let mut deprecated_type_exports = Vec::new();
    for e in &unit.type_exports {
        let exported = ident(&e.exported_name);
        let internal = ident(&e.internal_name);
        if let Some(note) = e.deprecation_note() {
            // A `#[deprecated] pub use` does not warn on use, but a deprecated type alias does.
            deprecated_type_exports.push(quote! {
                #[deprecated(note = #note)]
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                pub type #exported = #generated_mod::#internal;
            });
        } else if e.is_alias() {
            reexports.push(quote!(#internal as #exported));
        } else {
            reexports.push(quote!(#exported));
        }
    }
    (reexports, deprecated_type_exports)
}

fn generate_public_component(
    llr: &llr::PublicComponent,
    unit: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    compiler_config: &CompilerConfiguration,
) -> TokenStream {
    let public_component_id = ident(&llr.name);
    let inner_component_id = inner_component_id(&unit.sub_components[llr.item_tree.root]);

    let component = generate_item_tree(&llr.item_tree, unit, None, None, false);

    let ctx = EvaluationContext {
        compilation_unit: unit,
        current_scope: EvaluationScope::SubComponent(llr.item_tree.root, None),
        generator_state: RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
        argument_types: &[],
    };

    let property_and_callback_accessors = public_api(
        &llr.public_properties,
        &llr.private_properties,
        quote!(sp::VRc::as_pin_ref(&self.0)),
        &ctx,
    );

    // The SystemTrayIcon native item sits as item 0 of the root sub-component when the
    // public component inherits SystemTrayIcon.
    let tray_field =
        matches!(llr.top_level_type, llr::TopLevelComponentType::SystemTrayIcon).then(|| {
            let tray_item =
                &unit.sub_components[llr.item_tree.root].items[llr::ItemInstanceIdx::from(0usize)];
            debug_assert_eq!(
                tray_item.ty.class_name.as_str(),
                "SystemTrayIcon",
                "TopLevelComponentType::SystemTrayIcon expects the root item to be a SystemTrayIcon"
            );
            ident(&tray_item.name)
        });

    // SystemTrayIcon-rooted components don't have a `WindowAdapter`. Skip the
    // eager creation calls in `new` / `new_with_context` so instantiating
    // a tray doesn't spin up a hidden window adapter as a side effect.
    let (eager_create_window, init_with_context, ensure_tree_instantiated): (
        Option<TokenStream>,
        TokenStream,
        Option<TokenStream>,
    ) = match llr.top_level_type {
        llr::TopLevelComponentType::Window => (
            Some(quote!(
                // ensure that the window exist as this point so further call to window() don't panic
                inner.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_ref()?;
            )),
            quote!(inner.globals.get().unwrap().create_window_from_context(ctx)?;),
            Some(quote!(
                let window = inner.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_ref()?;
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(window.window()).ensure_tree_instantiated();
            )),
        ),
        llr::TopLevelComponentType::SystemTrayIcon => {
            let tray_field = tray_field.as_ref().unwrap();
            (
                None,
                // A tray has no window to reach a context through, so hand it over here.
                quote!(
                    #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS
                        .#tray_field()
                        .apply_pin(sp::VRc::as_pin_ref(&inner))
                        .set_context(&ctx);
                ),
                None,
            )
        }
    };

    #[cfg(feature = "bundle-translations")]
    let init_bundle_translations = unit.translations.as_ref().map(|_| {
        quote!(
            sp::set_bundled_languages(_SLINT_BUNDLED_TRANSLATIONS);
        )
    });
    #[cfg(not(feature = "bundle-translations"))]
    let init_bundle_translations = quote!();

    let experimental = compiler_config.enable_experimental;

    let new_with_existing_window_impl: Option<TokenStream> = match llr.top_level_type {
        llr::TopLevelComponentType::Window => Some(quote!(
            #[cfg(#experimental)]
            pub fn new_with_existing_window(window: &slint::Window) -> ::core::result::Result<Self, slint::PlatformError> {
                slint::private_unstable_api::ensure_backend()?;
                let inner = #inner_component_id::new()?;
                #init_bundle_translations
                inner.globals.get().unwrap().create_window_from_existing(window)?;
                #inner_component_id::user_init(sp::VRc::map(inner.clone(), |x| x));
                #ensure_tree_instantiated
                ::core::result::Result::Ok(Self(inner))
            }
        )),
        llr::TopLevelComponentType::SystemTrayIcon => None,
    };

    // Window-rooted components get the full `ComponentHandle` impl. SystemTrayIcon
    // gets an inherent impl with no `window()` accessor: a tray icon is not a
    // `slint::Window` and the previous accessor's body would panic at runtime.
    let handle_impl = {
        let common = |vis: TokenStream| {
            quote!(
                #vis fn as_weak(&self) -> slint::Weak<Self> {
                    slint::Weak::new(sp::VRc::downgrade(&self.0))
                }

                #vis fn clone_strong(&self) -> Self {
                    Self(self.0.clone())
                }

                #vis fn global<'a, T: slint::Global<'a, Self>>(&'a self) -> T {
                    T::get(&self)
                }
            )
        };
        match llr.top_level_type {
            llr::TopLevelComponentType::Window => {
                let common = common(quote!());
                quote!(
                    impl slint::ComponentHandle for #public_component_id {
                        #common

                        fn run(&self) -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                            self.show()?;
                            sp::WindowInner::from_pub(self.window()).context().run_event_loop()?;
                            self.hide()?;
                            ::core::result::Result::Ok(())
                        }

                        fn show(&self) -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                            self.0.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_ref()?.window().show()
                        }

                        fn hide(&self) -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                            self.0.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_ref()?.window().hide()
                        }

                        fn window(&self) -> &slint::Window {
                            self.0.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_ref().unwrap().window()
                        }
                    }
                )
            }
            llr::TopLevelComponentType::SystemTrayIcon => {
                let tray_field = tray_field.as_ref().unwrap();
                let common = common(quote!(pub));
                // No `run()`: a tray icon doesn't drive the event loop. `show`/`hide`
                // toggle the `visible` property; the platform side of the change
                // tracker turns that into a real show/hide of the OS tray icon.
                quote!(
                    impl #public_component_id {
                        #common

                        pub fn show(&self) -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                            let _self = sp::VRc::as_pin_ref(&self.0);
                            #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#tray_field()
                                .apply_pin(_self)
                                .visible
                                .set(true);
                            ::core::result::Result::Ok(())
                        }

                        pub fn hide(&self) -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                            let _self = sp::VRc::as_pin_ref(&self.0);
                            #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#tray_field()
                                .apply_pin(_self)
                                .visible
                                .set(false);
                            ::core::result::Result::Ok(())
                        }
                    }
                )
            }
        }
    };

    quote!(
        #component
        pub struct #public_component_id(sp::VRc<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #inner_component_id>);

        impl #public_component_id {
            pub fn new() -> ::core::result::Result<Self, slint::PlatformError> {
                slint::private_unstable_api::ensure_backend()?;
                let inner = #inner_component_id::new()?;
                #init_bundle_translations
                #eager_create_window
                #inner_component_id::user_init(sp::VRc::map(inner.clone(), |x| x));
                #ensure_tree_instantiated
                ::core::result::Result::Ok(Self(inner))
            }

            #[cfg(#experimental)]
            pub fn new_with_context(ctx: sp::SlintContext) -> ::core::result::Result<Self, slint::PlatformError> {
                let inner = #inner_component_id::new()?;
                #init_bundle_translations

                #init_with_context

                #inner_component_id::user_init(sp::VRc::map(inner.clone(), |x| x));
                #ensure_tree_instantiated
                ::core::result::Result::Ok(Self(inner))
            }

            #new_with_existing_window_impl

            #property_and_callback_accessors
        }

        impl From<#public_component_id> for sp::VRc<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #inner_component_id> {
            fn from(value: #public_component_id) -> Self {
                value.0
            }
        }

        impl slint::StrongHandle for #public_component_id {
            type WeakInner = sp::VWeak<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #inner_component_id>;

            fn upgrade_from_weak_inner(inner: &Self::WeakInner) -> sp::Option<Self> {
                sp::Some(Self(inner.upgrade()?))
            }
        }

        #handle_impl
    )
}

fn generate_shared_globals(
    doc: &Document,
    llr: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    compiler_config: &CompilerConfiguration,
) -> TokenStream {
    let global_names = llr
        .globals
        .iter()
        .filter(|g| g.must_generate())
        .map(|g| format_ident!("global_{}", ident(&g.name)))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let global_types =
        llr.globals.iter().filter(|g| g.must_generate()).map(global_inner_name).collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let from_library_global_names = llr
        .globals
        .iter()
        .filter(|g| g.from_library)
        .map(|g| format_ident!("global_{}", ident(&g.name)))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let from_library_global_types =
        llr.globals.iter().filter(|g| g.from_library).map(global_inner_name).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let apply_constant_scale_factor = compiler_config.const_scale_factor.map(|factor| {
        quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(adapter.window()).set_const_scale_factor(#factor);)
    });

    let library_global_vars = llr
        .globals
        .iter()
        .filter(|g| g.from_library)
        .map(|g| {
            let library_info = doc.library_exports.get(g.name.as_str()).unwrap();
            let shared_globals_var_name =
                format_ident!("library_{}_shared_globals", library_info.name);
            let global_name = format_ident!("global_{}", ident(&g.name));
            quote!( #shared_globals_var_name.#global_name )
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let pub_token = if compiler_config.library_name.is_some() { quote!(pub) } else { quote!() };

    let experimental = compiler_config.enable_experimental;

    let (library_shared_globals_names, library_shared_globals_types): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = doc
        .imports
        .iter()
        .filter_map(|import| import.library_info.clone())
        .map(|library_info| {
            let struct_name = format_ident!("{}SharedGlobals", library_info.name);
            let shared_globals_var_name =
                format_ident!("library_{}_shared_globals", library_info.name);
            let shared_globals_type_name = if let Some(module) = library_info.module {
                let package = ident(&library_info.package);
                let module = ident(&module);
                //(quote!(#shared_globals_var_name),quote!(let #shared_globals_var_name = #package::#module::#shared_globals_type_name::new(root_item_tree_weak.clone());))
                quote!(#package::#module::#struct_name)
            } else {
                let package = ident(&library_info.package);
                quote!(#package::#struct_name)
            };
            (quote!(#shared_globals_var_name), shared_globals_type_name)
        })
        .unzip();

    let needs_window_adapter = llr.needs_window_adapter();

    // `create_window_from_context` is only invoked from a Window-rooted
    // public component's `new_with_context`, and `maybe_window_adapter_impl`
    // is only invoked from per-tree `register_item_tree` / PinnedDrop hooks
    // — both gated out for tray-only units. Emit them only when something
    // actually calls them; otherwise `#![deny(warnings)]` builds (e.g.
    // test-driver-rust with `--features build-time`) trip on dead_code.
    // `window_adapter_impl` / `window_adapter_ref` are kept unconditionally
    // because expression codegen (layout-info, font metrics) still
    // references them on every tree.
    let optional_window_adapter_helpers = needs_window_adapter.then(|| {
        quote!(
            #[cfg(#experimental)]
            fn create_window_from_context(&self, ctx: sp::SlintContext) -> sp::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                let adapter = ctx.platform().create_window_adapter()?;
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(adapter.window()).set_context(ctx);
                let root_rc = self.root_item_tree_weak.upgrade().unwrap();
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(adapter.window()).set_component(&root_rc);
                #apply_constant_scale_factor
                self.window_adapter.set(adapter).map_err(|_|()).expect("The window shouldn't be initialized before this call");
                sp::Ok(())
            }

            #[cfg(#experimental)]
            fn create_window_from_existing(&self, window: &slint::Window) -> sp::Result<(), slint::PlatformError> {
                let adapter = sp::WindowInner::from_pub(window).window_adapter();
                let root_rc = self.root_item_tree_weak.upgrade().unwrap();
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(adapter.window()).set_component(&root_rc);
                #apply_constant_scale_factor
                self.window_adapter.set(adapter).map_err(|_|()).expect("The window shouldn't be initialized before this call");
                sp::Ok(())
            }

            fn maybe_window_adapter_impl(&self) -> sp::Option<sp::Rc<dyn sp::WindowAdapter>> {
                self.window_adapter.get().cloned()
            }
        )
    });

    quote! {
        #pub_token struct SharedGlobals {
            #(#pub_token #global_names : ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<#global_types>>,)*
            #(#pub_token #from_library_global_names : ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<#from_library_global_types>>,)*
            window_adapter : sp::OnceCell<sp::WindowAdapterRc>,
            root_item_tree_weak : sp::VWeak<sp::ItemTreeVTable>,
            #(#[allow(dead_code)]
            #library_shared_globals_names : sp::Rc<#library_shared_globals_types>,)*
        }
        impl SharedGlobals {
            #pub_token fn new(root_item_tree_weak : sp::VWeak<sp::ItemTreeVTable>) -> sp::Rc<Self> {
                #(let #library_shared_globals_names = #library_shared_globals_types::new(root_item_tree_weak.clone());)*
                sp::Rc::new(Self {
                    #(#global_names : #global_types::new(),)*
                    #(#from_library_global_names : #library_global_vars.clone(),)*
                    window_adapter : ::core::default::Default::default(),
                    root_item_tree_weak,
                    #(#library_shared_globals_names,)*
                })
            }

            // Run the eager initialization of the globals. This must be called only *after* the
            // root component's `globals` field has been set (see the root component's `new`),
            // because a global's init may evaluate a binding (e.g. `Palette.color-scheme`) that
            // resolves the root's window adapter through `globals`, which would otherwise panic.
            #pub_token fn init_globals(self: &sp::Rc<Self>) {
                #(self.#library_shared_globals_names.init_globals();)*
                #(self.#global_names.clone().init(self);)*
            }

            // Clone the SharedGlobals struct but use a different window adapter. This is for example used for popup windows, because they need access to the globals, but need their own window adapter
            #[allow(dead_code)]
            #pub_token fn clone_with_window_adapter(&self, window_adapter: sp::WindowAdapterRc) -> sp::Rc<Self> {
                sp::Rc::new(Self {
                    #(#global_names : self.#global_names.clone(),)*
                    #(#from_library_global_names : self.#from_library_global_names.clone(),)*
                    window_adapter: window_adapter.into(),
                    // `root_item_tree_weak` is only used to init the window_adapter. Since we have the window_adapter here already we don't need this variable
                    root_item_tree_weak: ::core::default::Default::default(),
                    #(#library_shared_globals_names: self.#library_shared_globals_names.clone(),)*
                })
            }

            fn window_adapter_impl(&self) -> sp::Rc<dyn sp::WindowAdapter> {
                sp::Rc::clone(self.window_adapter_ref().unwrap())
            }

            fn window_adapter_ref(&self) -> sp::Result<&sp::Rc<dyn sp::WindowAdapter>, slint::PlatformError>
            {
                self.window_adapter.get_or_try_init(|| {
                    let adapter = slint::private_unstable_api::create_window_adapter()?;
                    let root_rc = self.root_item_tree_weak.upgrade().unwrap();
                    sp::WindowInner::from_pub(adapter.window()).set_component(&root_rc);
                    #apply_constant_scale_factor
                    ::core::result::Result::Ok(adapter)
                })
            }

            #optional_window_adapter_helpers
        }
    }
}

/// Compile the `@rust-attr(...)` captured on a struct or enum declaration into outer
/// attributes, emitting a `compile_error!` for any whose text does not tokenize.
fn rust_attributes_tokens(
    attributes: &[SmolStr],
    kind: &str,
    name: &SmolStr,
    node: Option<&SourceLocation>,
) -> TokenStream {
    let attrs = attributes.iter().map(|attr| match TokenStream::from_str(attr) {
        Ok(t) => quote!(#[#t]),
        Err(_) => {
            let source_location = node.cloned().unwrap_or_default();
            let error = format!(
                "Error parsing @rust-attr for {kind} '{name}' declared at {source_location}"
            );
            quote!(compile_error!(#error);)
        }
    });
    quote! { #(#attrs)* }
}

fn generate_struct(the_struct: &Struct, unit: &llr::CompilationUnit) -> TokenStream {
    let component_id = struct_name_to_tokens(&the_struct.name).unwrap();
    let (declared_property_vars, declared_property_types): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = the_struct
        .fields
        .iter()
        .map(|(name, ty)| (ident(name), rust_primitive_type(ty).unwrap()))
        .unzip();

    let StructName::User { name, .. } = &the_struct.name else {
        unreachable!("generating non-user struct")
    };

    let attributes =
        rust_attributes_tokens(the_struct.rust_attributes(), "struct", name, the_struct.node());

    // With user-declared field default values, `Default` cannot be derived anymore
    let default_impl = (!the_struct.field_defaults.is_empty()).then(|| {
        // Constant expressions cannot access the globals; make sure a bug in that
        // assumption breaks the build of the generated code with a clear message
        let ctx = EvaluationContext::new_const(
            unit,
            RustGeneratorContext {
                global_access: quote!(compile_error!("no global access in a constant expression")),
            },
        );
        let (field_names, field_values): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = the_struct
            .fields
            .keys()
            .map(|field_name| {
                let value = match the_struct.field_defaults.get(field_name) {
                    Some(expr) => {
                        let value = compile_expression(&lower_constant_expression(expr), &ctx);
                        quote!(#value as _)
                    }
                    None => quote!(::core::default::Default::default()),
                };
                (ident(field_name), value)
            })
            .unzip();
        quote! {
            impl ::core::default::Default for #component_id {
                fn default() -> Self {
                    Self { #(#field_names: #field_values,)* }
                }
            }
        }
    });
    let default_derive = default_impl.is_none().then(|| quote!(Default,));

    quote! {
        #attributes
        #[derive(#default_derive PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
        pub struct #component_id {
            #(pub #declared_property_vars : #declared_property_types),*
        }
        #default_impl
    }
}

fn generate_enum(en: &std::sync::Arc<Enumeration>) -> TokenStream {
    let enum_name = ident(&en.name);

    let enum_values = (0..en.values.len()).map(|value| {
        let i = ident(&EnumerationValue { value, enumeration: en.clone() }.to_pascal_case());
        if value == en.default_value { quote!(#[default] #i) } else { quote!(#i) }
    });
    let attributes =
        rust_attributes_tokens(&en.rust_attributes, "enum", &en.name, en.node.as_ref());
    quote! {
        #attributes
        #[allow(dead_code)]
        #[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
        pub enum #enum_name {
            #(#enum_values,)*
        }
    }
}

/// Walk `field_access` on `root_ty`, producing the Rust access suffix
/// (e.g. `.foo.bar`) and the type of the leaf field.
fn lower_field_access_chain(root_ty: &Type, field_access: &[SmolStr]) -> (TokenStream, Type) {
    let mut access = quote!();
    let mut ty = root_ty;
    for f in field_access {
        let Type::Struct(s) = ty else { panic!("Field of two way binding on a non-struct type") };
        let a = struct_field_access(s, f);
        access.extend(quote!(.#a));
        ty = s.fields.get(f).unwrap();
    }
    (access, ty.clone())
}

/// Emit a `link_two_way_to_model_data` call wiring `p1` to a row of the
/// model described by `info`, optionally through a struct `field_access`.
fn generate_model_two_way_binding(
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
    info: &llr::ResolvedModelTwoWayBinding,
    p1: &TokenStream,
    field_access: &[SmolStr],
) -> TokenStream {
    let body_sc = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[info.body_sub_component];
    let parent_sc = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[info.parent_sub_component];
    let body_id = self::inner_component_id(body_sc);
    let data_f =
        access_component_field_offset(&body_id, &ident(&body_sc.properties[info.data_prop].name));
    let index_f =
        access_component_field_offset(&body_id, &ident(&body_sc.properties[info.index_prop].name));
    let repeater = access_component_field_offset(
        &self::inner_component_id(parent_sc),
        &format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(info.repeater_index)),
    );

    let item_tree_weak = if info.parent_level == 0 {
        quote!(sp::VRcMapped::downgrade(&self_rc))
    } else {
        let mut e = quote!(_self.parent.clone());
        for _ in 1..info.parent_level {
            e = quote!(#e.upgrade().unwrap().parent.clone());
        }
        e
    };

    // The leaf field type may differ from the property type (e.g. struct
    // field `f32` vs property `LogicalLength`); apply the usual conversions.
    let (access_model, getter_value) = if field_access.is_empty() {
        (quote!(let data = value.clone();), quote!(#data_f.apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()).get()))
    } else {
        let (access, ty) = lower_field_access_chain(info.data_prop_ty, field_access);
        let to_struct_value = primitive_value_from_property_value(&ty, quote!(value.clone()));
        let to_property_value = set_primitive_property_value(
            &ty,
            quote!(#data_f.apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()).get() #access .clone()),
        );
        (
            quote! {
                let mut data = #data_f.apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()).get();
                data #access = #to_struct_value;
            },
            to_property_value,
        )
    };

    quote! { sp::Property::link_two_way_to_model_data(#p1, #item_tree_weak,
        |item_tree_weak| item_tree_weak.upgrade().map(|x| #getter_value),
        |item_tree_weak, value| {
            if let Some(x) = item_tree_weak.upgrade() {
                if let Some(parent) = x.parent.upgrade() {
                    let index = #index_f.apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()).get();
                    #access_model
                    #repeater.apply_pin(parent.as_pin_ref()).model_set_row_data(index as usize, data);
                }
            }
        }
    )}
}

fn handle_property_init(
    prop: &llr::MemberReference,
    binding_expression: &llr::BindingExpression,
    init: &mut Vec<TokenStream>,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) {
    let rust_property = access_member(prop, ctx).unwrap();
    let prop_type = ctx.property_ty(prop);

    // Components use the type-erased helpers, so the binding machinery is
    // instantiated once per property type instead of per (property type,
    // component). Globals are behind a plain Rc without a type-erased weak
    // form and keep the helpers that are generic over the component.
    let erased = ctx.current_global().is_none();
    // A closure evaluating `body` on the component, in the form expected by
    // the selected helper. Optionally takes extra arguments.
    let self_closure = |args: TokenStream, body: TokenStream| {
        if erased {
            quote!(move |_self #args| #body)
        } else {
            quote!(move |self_rc #args| { let _self = self_rc.as_ref(); #body })
        }
    };
    let helper = |name: &str| {
        if erased {
            let name = format_ident!("{name}_erased");
            quote!(sp::#name)
        } else {
            let name = format_ident!("{name}");
            quote!(slint::private_unstable_api::#name)
        }
    };

    if let Type::Callback(callback) = &prop_type {
        let mut ctx2 = ctx.clone();
        ctx2.argument_types = &callback.args;
        let tokens_for_expression =
            compile_expression(&binding_expression.expression.borrow(), &ctx2);
        let as_ = if matches!(callback.return_type, Type::Void) { quote!(;) } else { quote!(as _) };
        let set_callback_handler = helper("set_callback_handler");
        let handler = self_closure(quote!(, args), quote!({ (#tokens_for_expression) #as_ }));
        init.push(quote!({
            #[allow(unreachable_code, unused)]
            #set_callback_handler(#rust_property, &self_rc, { #handler });
        }));
    } else {
        let tokens_for_expression =
            compile_expression(&binding_expression.expression.borrow(), ctx);

        let tokens_for_expression = set_primitive_property_value(prop_type, tokens_for_expression);

        // Cast to the property type unless the Rust code is the never type, as with return
        // statements inside a block the type of the return expression is `()` instead of `!`.
        let maybe_cast = if binding_expression.expression.borrow().ty(ctx) == Type::Invalid {
            None
        } else {
            Some(quote!(as _))
        };
        // The erased helpers take functions with an extra unused `&()` argument, so that
        // erasing them does not change their arity. The global (non-erased) helpers don't.
        let unit_arg = if erased { quote!(, _: &()) } else { quote!() };
        init.push(match binding_expression.kind {
            llr::BindingKind::Constant => {
                let t = rust_property_type(prop_type).unwrap_or(quote!(_));
                quote! { #rust_property.set({ (#tokens_for_expression) as #t }); }
            }
            llr::BindingKind::State => {
                let binding_tokens =
                    self_closure(unit_arg.clone(), quote!((#tokens_for_expression) #maybe_cast));
                let set_property_state_binding = helper("set_property_state_binding");
                quote! { {
                    #set_property_state_binding(#rust_property, &self_rc, #binding_tokens);
                } }
            }
            llr::BindingKind::Normal => {
                let binding_tokens =
                    self_closure(unit_arg.clone(), quote!((#tokens_for_expression) #maybe_cast));
                match &binding_expression.animation {
                    Some(llr::Animation::Static(anim)) => {
                        let anim = compile_expression(anim, ctx);
                        let set_animated_property_binding = helper("set_animated_property_binding");
                        let details = self_closure(unit_arg.clone(), quote!((#anim, None)));
                        quote! { {
                            #set_animated_property_binding(
                                #rust_property, &self_rc, #binding_tokens, #details);
                        } }
                    }
                    Some(llr::Animation::Transition(animation)) => {
                        let animation = compile_expression(animation, ctx);
                        let set_animated_property_binding = helper("set_animated_property_binding");
                        let details = self_closure(
                            unit_arg.clone(),
                            quote!({
                                let (animation, change_time) = #animation;
                                (animation, Some(change_time))
                            }),
                        );
                        quote! { {
                            #set_animated_property_binding(
                                #rust_property, &self_rc, #binding_tokens, #details);
                        } }
                    }
                    None => {
                        let set_property_binding = helper("set_property_binding");
                        quote! { {
                            #set_property_binding(#rust_property, &self_rc, #binding_tokens);
                        } }
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

/// Token stream that walks up `parent_level` parent pointers (`_self.parent.upgrade()...`),
/// or `None` when `parent_level` is 0 (the member lives on the current component).
fn parent_access_path(parent_level: usize) -> Option<TokenStream> {
    (parent_level != 0).then(|| {
        let mut path = quote!(_self.parent.upgrade());
        for _ in 1..parent_level {
            path = quote!(#path.and_then(|x| x.parent.upgrade()));
        }
        path
    })
}

/// Returns the code to access the change-tracker `Property<()>` for an exported callback.
/// Returns `None` if the callback doesn't have a tracker.
fn access_callback_tracker(
    reference: &llr::MemberReference,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> Option<MemberAccess> {
    fn in_global(
        g: &llr::GlobalComponent,
        callback_idx: &llr::CallbackIdx,
        _self: TokenStream,
    ) -> Option<MemberAccess> {
        if !g.callbacks[*callback_idx].needs_tracker {
            return None;
        }
        let tracker_name = callback_tracker_ident(&g.callbacks[*callback_idx].name);
        let global_name = global_inner_name(g);
        let tracker_field = quote!({ *&#global_name::FIELD_OFFSETS.#tracker_name() });
        Some(MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#tracker_field.apply_pin(#_self))))
    }

    match reference {
        llr::MemberReference::Global {
            global_index,
            member: llr::LocalMemberIndex::Callback(callback_idx),
        } => {
            let global = &ctx.compilation_unit.globals[*global_index];
            let s = if matches!(ctx.current_scope, EvaluationScope::Global(i) if i == *global_index)
            {
                quote!(_self)
            } else {
                let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
                let global_id = format_ident!("global_{}", ident(&global.name));
                quote!(#global_access.#global_id.as_ref())
            };
            in_global(global, callback_idx, s)
        }
        llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, local_reference } => {
            let llr::LocalMemberIndex::Callback(callback_idx) = &local_reference.reference else {
                return None;
            };
            if let Some(current_global) = ctx.current_global() {
                return in_global(current_global, callback_idx, quote!(_self));
            }
            let sc_idx = ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level)?;
            let (compo_path, sub_component) = follow_sub_component_path(
                ctx.compilation_unit,
                sc_idx,
                &local_reference.sub_component_path,
            );
            if !sub_component.callbacks[*callback_idx].needs_tracker {
                return None;
            }
            let tracker_name = callback_tracker_ident(&sub_component.callbacks[*callback_idx].name);
            let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
            let tracker_field = access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &tracker_name);

            let parent_path = parent_access_path(*parent_level);
            Some(parent_path.map_or_else(
                || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #tracker_field).apply_pin(_self))),
                |parent_path| {
                    MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #tracker_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                },
            ))
        }
        _ => None,
    }
}

/// Public API for Global and root component
fn public_api(
    public_properties: &llr::PublicProperties,
    private_properties: &llr::PrivateProperties,
    self_init: TokenStream,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let mut property_and_callback_accessors: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    for (name, p) in public_properties {
        let prop = access_member(&p.prop, ctx).unwrap();

        if let Type::Callback(callback) = &p.ty {
            let callback_args =
                callback.args.iter().map(|a| rust_primitive_type(a).unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let return_type = rust_primitive_type(&callback.return_type).unwrap();
            let args_name =
                (0..callback.args.len()).map(|i| format_ident!("arg_{}", i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let caller_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Invoker);
            property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                pub fn #caller_ident(&self, #(#args_name : #callback_args,)*) -> #return_type {
                    let _self = #self_init;
                    #prop.call(&(#(#args_name,)*))
                }
            ));
            let on_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Handler);
            let args_index = (0..callback_args.len()).map(proc_macro2::Literal::usize_unsuffixed);
            let set_dirty = access_callback_tracker(&p.prop, ctx)
                .map(|t| t.then(|t| quote!({ #t.mark_dirty(); })));
            property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                pub fn #on_ident(&self, mut f: impl FnMut(#(#callback_args),*) -> #return_type + 'static) {
                    let _self = #self_init;
                    #[allow(unused)]
                    #prop.set_handler(
                        // FIXME: why do i need to clone here?
                        move |args| f(#(args.#args_index.clone()),*)
                    );
                    #set_dirty
                }
            ));
        } else if let Type::Function(function) = &p.ty {
            let callback_args =
                function.args.iter().map(|a| rust_primitive_type(a).unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let return_type = rust_primitive_type(&function.return_type).unwrap();
            let args_name =
                (0..function.args.len()).map(|i| format_ident!("arg_{}", i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let caller_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Invoker);
            property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                pub fn #caller_ident(&self, #(#args_name : #callback_args,)*) -> #return_type {
                    let _self = #self_init;
                    #prop(#(#args_name,)*)
                }
            ));
        } else {
            let rust_property_type = rust_primitive_type(&p.ty).unwrap();

            let getter_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Getter);

            let prop_expression = primitive_property_value(&p.ty, MemberAccess::Direct(prop));

            property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                pub fn #getter_ident(&self) -> #rust_property_type {
                    #[allow(unused_imports)]
                    let _self = #self_init;
                    #prop_expression
                }
            ));

            let setter_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Setter);
            if !p.read_only() {
                let set_value = property_set_value_tokens(&p.prop, quote!(value), ctx);
                property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                    #[allow(dead_code)]
                    pub fn #setter_ident(&self, value: #rust_property_type) {
                        #[allow(unused_imports)]
                        let _self = #self_init;
                        #set_value
                    }
                ));
            } else {
                property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                    #[allow(dead_code)] fn #setter_ident(&self, _read_only_property : ()) { }
                ));
            }
        }
    }

    for (name, ty) in private_properties {
        if let Type::Function { .. } = ty {
            let caller_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Invoker);
            property_and_callback_accessors.push(
                quote!( #[allow(dead_code)] fn #caller_ident(&self, _private_function: ()) {} ),
            );
        } else {
            let getter_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Getter);
            let setter_ident = accessor_names::rust_accessor_ident(name, AccessorKind::Setter);
            property_and_callback_accessors.push(quote!(
                #[allow(dead_code)] fn #getter_ident(&self, _private_property: ()) {}
                #[allow(dead_code)] fn #setter_ident(&self, _private_property: ()) {}
            ));
        }
    }

    quote!(#(#property_and_callback_accessors)*)
}

/// Maximum number of statements in a generated `init`-like function body.
/// rustc's per-function-body work scales super-linearly, so bigger bodies are
/// split into chunk functions. Measured on a large project, the build time
/// stops improving below 128 statements per chunk.
const INIT_CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 128;

/// When `stmts` is bigger than [`INIT_CHUNK_SIZE`], move the statements into
/// `{prefix}_chunk_{i}` functions (added to `chunk_fns`) and return the calls
/// to them. Each statement must only use the names bound by `params` and
/// `prologue` (`quote!` is not hygienic, so the exact names matter).
///
/// When `fallible` is set the chunks return `Result` and are called with `?`,
/// so `init`'s statements can use the `?` operator (e.g. for font registration).
fn emit_in_chunks(
    prefix: &str,
    stmts: Vec<TokenStream>,
    params: &TokenStream,
    args: &TokenStream,
    prologue: &TokenStream,
    fallible: bool,
    chunk_fns: &mut Vec<TokenStream>,
) -> Vec<TokenStream> {
    if stmts.len() <= INIT_CHUNK_SIZE {
        return stmts;
    }
    let (ret, ok, question) = if fallible {
        (
            quote!(-> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError>),
            quote!(::core::result::Result::Ok(())),
            quote!(?),
        )
    } else {
        (quote!(), quote!(), quote!())
    };
    stmts
        .chunks(INIT_CHUNK_SIZE)
        .enumerate()
        .map(|(i, chunk)| {
            let name = format_ident!("{prefix}_chunk_{i}");
            // inline(never) stops the MIR inliner from re-merging the chunks
            // into one huge function.
            chunk_fns.push(quote!(
                #[inline(never)]
                fn #name(#params) #ret {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    #prologue
                    #(#chunk)*
                    #ok
                }
            ));
            quote!(Self::#name(#args)#question;)
        })
        .collect()
}

/// Generate the rust code for the given component.
fn generate_sub_component(
    component_idx: llr::SubComponentIdx,
    root: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    parent_ctx: Option<&ParentScope>,
    index_property: Option<llr::PropertyIdx>,
    pinned_drop: bool,
) -> TokenStream {
    let component = &root.sub_components[component_idx];
    let inner_component_id = inner_component_id(component);

    let ctx = EvaluationContext::new_sub_component(
        root,
        component_idx,
        RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
        parent_ctx,
    );
    let mut extra_components = component
        .popup_windows
        .iter()
        .map(|popup| {
            generate_item_tree(
                &popup.item_tree,
                root,
                Some(&ParentScope::new(&ctx, None)),
                None,
                true,
            )
        })
        .chain(component.menu_item_trees.iter().map(|tree| {
            generate_item_tree(tree, root, Some(&ParentScope::new(&ctx, None)), None, false)
        }))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let mut declared_property_vars = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_property_types = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks_types = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks_ret = Vec::new();

    for property in component.properties.iter() {
        let prop_ident = ident(&property.name);
        let rust_property_type = rust_property_type(&property.ty).unwrap();
        declared_property_vars.push(prop_ident.clone());
        declared_property_types.push(rust_property_type.clone());
    }
    let mut callback_tracker_names = Vec::new();

    for callback in component.callbacks.iter() {
        let cb_ident = ident(&callback.name);
        let callback_args =
            callback.args.iter().map(|a| rust_primitive_type(a).unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        let return_type = rust_primitive_type(&callback.ret_ty).unwrap();
        declared_callbacks.push(cb_ident.clone());
        declared_callbacks_types.push(callback_args);
        declared_callbacks_ret.push(return_type);
        if callback.needs_tracker {
            callback_tracker_names.push(callback_tracker_ident(&callback.name));
        }
    }

    let change_tracker_names = component
        .change_callbacks
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .map(|(idx, _)| format_ident!("change_tracker{idx}"));

    let declared_functions = generate_functions(component.functions.as_ref(), &ctx);

    let mut init = Vec::new();
    let mut item_names = Vec::new();
    let mut item_types = Vec::new();

    #[cfg(slint_debug_property)]
    init.push(quote!(
        #(self_rc.#declared_property_vars.debug_name.replace(
            concat!(stringify!(#inner_component_id), ".", stringify!(#declared_property_vars)).into());)*
    ));

    for item in &component.items {
        item_names.push(ident(&item.name));
        item_types.push(ident(&item.ty.class_name));
        #[cfg(slint_debug_property)]
        {
            let mut it = Some(&item.ty);
            let elem_name = ident(&item.name);
            while let Some(ty) = it {
                for (prop, info) in &ty.properties {
                    if info.ty.is_property_type() && prop != "commands" {
                        let name = format!("{}::{}.{}", component.name, item.name, prop);
                        let prop = ident(&prop);
                        init.push(
                            quote!(self_rc.#elem_name.#prop.debug_name.replace(#name.into());),
                        );
                    }
                }
                it = ty.parent.as_ref();
            }
        }
    }

    let mut repeated_visit_branch: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_element_components: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_subtree_ranges: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_subtree_components: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    let mut ensure_instantiated_stmts: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();

    for (idx, repeated) in component.repeated.iter_enumerated() {
        extra_components.push(generate_repeated_component(
            repeated,
            root,
            &ParentScope::new(&ctx, Some(idx)),
        ));

        let idx = usize::from(idx) as u32;

        if let Some(item_index) = repeated.container_item_index {
            let embed_item = access_local_member(
                &llr::LocalMemberIndex::Native {
                    item_index,
                    prop_name: Default::default(),
                    kind: llr::NativeMemberKind::Property,
                }
                .into(),
                &ctx,
            );

            repeated_visit_branch.push(quote!(
                #idx => {
                    #embed_item.visit_children_item(-1, order, visitor)
                }
            ));
            repeated_subtree_ranges.push(quote!(
                #idx => {
                    #embed_item.subtree_range()
                }
            ));
            repeated_subtree_components.push(quote!(
                #idx => {
                    if subtree_index == 0 {
                        *result = #embed_item.subtree_component()
                    }
                }
            ));
            ensure_instantiated_stmts.push(quote!({
                _changed |= #embed_item.ensure_updated();
            }));
        } else {
            let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", idx);
            let rep_inner_component_id =
                self::inner_component_id(&root.sub_components[repeated.sub_tree.root]);

            let model = compile_expression(&repeated.model.borrow(), &ctx);
            init.push(quote! {
                _self.#repeater_id.set_model_binding({
                    let self_weak = sp::VRcMapped::downgrade(&self_rc);
                    move || {
                        let self_rc = self_weak.upgrade().unwrap();
                        let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                        (#model) as _
                    }
                });
            });
            if let Some(listview) = &repeated.listview {
                let content_y = access_member(&listview.content_y, &ctx).unwrap();
                let lv_h = access_member(&listview.listview_height, &ctx).unwrap();
                let lv_w = access_member(&listview.listview_width, &ctx).unwrap();
                let content_w = listview.content_width.as_ref().map_or_else(
                    || quote!(None),
                    |w| {
                        let w = access_member(w, &ctx).unwrap();
                        quote!(Some(#w))
                    },
                );
                let content_h = listview.content_height.as_ref().map_or_else(
                    || quote!(None),
                    |h| {
                        let h = access_member(h, &ctx).unwrap();
                        quote!(Some(#h))
                    },
                );

                repeated_visit_branch.push(quote!(
                    #idx => {
                        #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).track_changes_listview(
                            #content_w, #content_h, #content_y, #lv_w.get(), #lv_h
                        );
                        #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).visit(order, visitor)
                    }
                ));
                ensure_instantiated_stmts.push(quote!({
                    _changed |= #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).ensure_updated_listview(
                        || { #rep_inner_component_id::new(_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap().into() },
                        #content_w, #content_h, #content_y, #lv_w.get(), #lv_h
                    );
                }));
            } else {
                repeated_visit_branch.push(quote!(
                    #idx => {
                        #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).visit(order, visitor)
                    }
                ));
                ensure_instantiated_stmts.push(quote!({
                    _changed |= #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).ensure_updated(
                        || #rep_inner_component_id::new(_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap().into()
                    );
                }));
            }
            repeated_subtree_ranges.push(quote!(
                #idx => {
                    #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).track_instance_changes();
                    sp::IndexRange::from(_self.#repeater_id.range())
                }
            ));
            repeated_subtree_components.push(quote!(
                #idx => {
                    if let Some(instance) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(subtree_index) {
                        *result = sp::VRc::downgrade(&sp::VRc::into_dyn(instance));
                    }
                }
            ));
            repeated_element_components.push(if repeated.index_prop.is_some() {
                quote!(#repeater_id: sp::Repeater<#rep_inner_component_id>)
            } else {
                quote!(#repeater_id: sp::Conditional<#rep_inner_component_id>)
            });
        }
    }

    let mut accessible_role_branch = Vec::new();
    let mut accessible_string_property_branch = Vec::new();
    let mut accessibility_action_branch = Vec::new();
    let mut supported_accessibility_actions = BTreeMap::<u32, BTreeSet<_>>::new();
    for ((index, what), expr) in &component.accessible_prop {
        let e = compile_expression(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
        if what == "Role" {
            accessible_role_branch.push(quote!(#index => #e,));
        } else if let Some(what) = what.strip_prefix("Action") {
            let arg_count = crate::generator::accessibility_action_argument_count(what);
            let what = ident(what);
            accessibility_action_branch.push(if arg_count == 0 {
                quote!((#index, sp::AccessibilityAction::#what) => { #e })
            } else {
                let arg = (0..arg_count).map(|i| format_ident!("arg_{i}")).collect::<Vec<_>>();
                quote!((#index, sp::AccessibilityAction::#what(#(#arg),*)) => { #[allow(unused_variables)] let args = (#(#arg,)*); #e })
            });
            supported_accessibility_actions.entry(*index).or_default().insert(what);
        } else {
            let what = ident(what);
            accessible_string_property_branch
                .push(quote!((#index, sp::AccessibleStringProperty::#what) => sp::Some(#e),));
        }
    }
    let mut supported_accessibility_actions_branch = supported_accessibility_actions
        .into_iter()
        .map(|(index, values)| quote!(#index => #(sp::SupportedAccessibilityAction::#values)|*,))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let mut item_geometry_branch = component
        .geometries
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .filter_map(|(i, x)| x.as_ref().map(|x| (i, x)))
        .map(|(index, expr)| {
            let expr = compile_expression(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
            let index = index as u32;
            quote!(#index => #expr,)
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let mut item_element_infos_branch = component
        .element_infos
        .iter()
        .map(|(item_index, ids)| quote!(#item_index => { return sp::Some(#ids.into()); }))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let mut user_init_code: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();

    let mut sub_component_names: Vec<Ident> = Vec::new();
    let mut sub_component_types: Vec<Ident> = Vec::new();

    for sub in &component.sub_components {
        let field_name = ident(&sub.name);
        let sc = &root.sub_components[sub.ty];
        let sub_component_id = self::inner_component_id(sc);
        let local_tree_index: u32 = sub.index_in_tree as _;
        let local_index_of_first_child: u32 = sub.index_of_first_child_in_tree as _;
        let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;

        // For children of sub-components, the item index generated by the generate_item_indices pass
        // starts at 1 (0 is the root element).
        let global_index = if local_tree_index == 0 {
            quote!(tree_index)
        } else {
            quote!(tree_index_of_first_child + #local_tree_index - 1)
        };
        let global_children = if local_index_of_first_child == 0 {
            quote!(0)
        } else {
            quote!(tree_index_of_first_child + #local_index_of_first_child - 1)
        };

        let sub_compo_field = access_component_field_offset(&inner_component_id, &field_name);

        init.push(quote!(#sub_component_id::init(
            sp::VRcMapped::map(self_rc.clone(), |x| #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(x)),
            #global_access.clone(), #global_index, #global_children
        )?;));
        user_init_code.push(quote!(#sub_component_id::user_init(
            sp::VRcMapped::map(self_rc.clone(), |x| #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(x)),
        );));

        let sub_component_repeater_count = sc.repeater_count(root);
        if sub_component_repeater_count > 0 {
            let repeater_offset = sub.repeater_offset;
            let last_repeater = repeater_offset + sub_component_repeater_count - 1;
            repeated_visit_branch.push(quote!(
                #repeater_offset..=#last_repeater => {
                    #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).visit_dynamic_children(dyn_index - #repeater_offset, order, visitor)
                }
            ));
            repeated_subtree_ranges.push(quote!(
                #repeater_offset..=#last_repeater => {
                    #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).subtree_range(dyn_index - #repeater_offset)
                }
            ));
            repeated_subtree_components.push(quote!(
                #repeater_offset..=#last_repeater => {
                    #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).subtree_component(dyn_index - #repeater_offset, subtree_index, result)
                }
            ));
            ensure_instantiated_stmts.push(quote!(
                _changed |= #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).ensure_instantiated();
            ));
        }

        let sub_items_count = sc.child_item_count(root);
        accessible_role_branch.push(quote!(
            #local_tree_index => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessible_role(0),
        ));
        accessible_string_property_branch.push(quote!(
            (#local_tree_index, _) => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessible_string_property(0, what),
        ));
        accessibility_action_branch.push(quote!(
            (#local_tree_index, _) => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessibility_action(0, action),
        ));
        supported_accessibility_actions_branch.push(quote!(
            #local_tree_index => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).supported_accessibility_actions(0),
        ));
        if sub_items_count > 1 {
            let range_begin = local_index_of_first_child;
            let range_end = range_begin + sub_items_count - 2 + sc.repeater_count(root);
            accessible_role_branch.push(quote!(
                #range_begin..=#range_end => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessible_role(index - #range_begin + 1),
            ));
            accessible_string_property_branch.push(quote!(
                (#range_begin..=#range_end, _) => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessible_string_property(index - #range_begin + 1, what),
            ));
            item_geometry_branch.push(quote!(
                #range_begin..=#range_end => return #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).item_geometry(index - #range_begin + 1),
            ));
            accessibility_action_branch.push(quote!(
                (#range_begin..=#range_end, _) => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).accessibility_action(index - #range_begin + 1, action),
            ));
            supported_accessibility_actions_branch.push(quote!(
                #range_begin..=#range_end => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).supported_accessibility_actions(index - #range_begin + 1),
            ));
            item_element_infos_branch.push(quote!(
                #range_begin..=#range_end => #sub_compo_field.apply_pin(_self).item_element_infos(index - #range_begin + 1),
            ));
        }

        sub_component_names.push(field_name);
        sub_component_types.push(sub_component_id);
    }

    let popup_id_names =
        component.popup_windows.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, _)| internal_popup_id(i));

    for twb in &component.two_way_bindings {
        let p1 = access_local_member(&twb.prop1, &ctx);
        let r = if let Some(info) = twb.resolve_model(&ctx) {
            generate_model_two_way_binding(&ctx, &info, &p1, &twb.field_access)
        } else {
            let p2 = access_member(&twb.prop2, &ctx);
            p2.then(|p2| {
                if twb.field_access.is_empty() {
                    quote!(sp::Property::link_two_way(#p1, #p2))
                } else {
                    let (access, ty) =
                        lower_field_access_chain(ctx.property_ty(&twb.prop2), &twb.field_access);
                    let to_property_value =
                        set_primitive_property_value(&ty, quote!(s #access .clone()));
                    let to_struct_value =
                        primitive_value_from_property_value(&ty, quote!((*v).clone()));
                    quote!(sp::Property::link_two_way_with_map(#p2, #p1, |s| #to_property_value, |s, v| s #access = #to_struct_value))
                }
            })
        };
        init.push(quote!(#r;))
    }

    // The pre-init code (custom font registration) runs before the property initialization.
    let pre_init_code: Vec<TokenStream> = component
        .pre_init_code
        .iter()
        .map(|e| {
            let code = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote!(#code;)
        })
        .collect();
    init.splice(0..0, pre_init_code);

    // Initialize all properties which have an initial value in the slint file
    // This sets up also the callback handler and bindings
    for (prop, expression) in &component.property_init {
        handle_property_init(prop, expression, &mut init, &ctx)
    }
    for prop in &component.const_properties {
        let rust_property = access_local_member(prop, &ctx);
        init.push(quote!(#rust_property.set_constant();))
    }

    let parent_component_type = parent_ctx.iter().map(|parent| {
        let parent_component_id =
            self::inner_component_id(&ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[parent.sub_component]);
        quote!(sp::VWeakMapped::<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #parent_component_id>)
    });

    user_init_code.extend(component.init_code.iter().map(|e| {
        let code = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
        quote!(#code;)
    }));

    user_init_code.extend(component.change_callbacks.iter().enumerate().map(|(idx, (p, e))| {
        let code = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
        let prop = compile_expression(&Expression::PropertyReference(p.clone()), &ctx);
        let change_tracker = format_ident!("change_tracker{idx}");
        quote! {
            #[allow(dead_code, unused)]
            sp::change_tracker_init_erased(
                &_self.#change_tracker,
                &self_rc,
                move |_self, _: &()| #prop,
                move |_self, _| { #code; }
            );
        }
    }));

    let layout_info_h = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(&component.layout_info_h.borrow(), &ctx);
    let layout_info_v = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(&component.layout_info_v.borrow(), &ctx);
    let grid_layout_input_for_repeated_fn =
        component.grid_layout_input_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|expr| {
            let expr = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote! {
                fn grid_layout_input_for_repeated(
                    self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                    new_row: bool,
                    result: &mut [sp::GridLayoutInputData],
                ) {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    let _self = self;
                    #expr
                }
            }
        });

    let flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated_fn =
        component.flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|expr| {
            let expr = compile_expression(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote! {
                fn flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated(
                    self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                ) -> sp::FlexboxLayoutItemInfo {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    let _self = self;
                    #expr
                }
            }
        });

    let cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated_fn =
        component.cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|(_, expr)| {
            let expr = compile_expression(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote! {
                fn cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated(
                    self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                ) -> sp::CrossAxisAlignment {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    let _self = self;
                    #expr
                }
            }
        });

    let layout_order_for_repeated_fn =
        component.layout_order_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|(_, expr)| {
            let expr = compile_expression(&expr.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote! {
                fn layout_order_for_repeated(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> i32 {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    let _self = self;
                    #expr
                }
            }
        });

    // FIXME! this is only public because of the ComponentHandle::WeakInner. we should find another way
    let visibility = parent_ctx.is_none().then(|| quote!(pub));

    let subtree_index_function = if let Some(property_index) = index_property {
        let prop = access_local_member(&property_index.into(), &ctx);
        quote!(#prop.get() as usize)
    } else {
        quote!(usize::MAX)
    };

    let timer_names =
        component.timers.iter().enumerate().map(|(idx, _)| format_ident!("timer{idx}"));
    let update_timers = (!component.timers.is_empty()).then(|| {
        let updt = component.timers.iter().enumerate().map(|(idx, tmr)| {
            let ident = format_ident!("timer{idx}");
            let interval = compile_expression(&tmr.interval.borrow(), &ctx);
            let running = compile_expression(&tmr.running.borrow(), &ctx);
            let callback = compile_expression(&tmr.triggered.borrow(), &ctx);
            quote!(
                let millis = if #running { (#interval) as i64 } else { -1 };
                if millis >= 0 {
                    let interval = ::core::time::Duration::from_millis(millis as u64);
                    if !self.#ident.running() || interval != self.#ident.interval() {
                        let self_weak = self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone();
                        self.#ident.start(sp::TimerMode::Repeated, interval, move || {
                            if let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() {
                                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                                #callback
                            }
                        });
                    }
                } else {
                    self.#ident.stop();
                }
            )
        });
        user_init_code.push(quote!(_self.update_timers();));
        quote!(
            fn update_timers(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) {
                let _self = self;
                #(#updt)*
            }
        )
    });

    let mut chunk_fns = Vec::new();
    let init = emit_in_chunks(
        "init",
        init,
        &quote!(self_rc: sp::VRcMapped<sp::ItemTreeVTable, Self>, tree_index: u32, tree_index_of_first_child: u32),
        &quote!(self_rc.clone(), tree_index, tree_index_of_first_child),
        &quote!(let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();),
        true,
        &mut chunk_fns,
    );
    let user_init_code = emit_in_chunks(
        "user_init",
        user_init_code,
        &quote!(self_rc: sp::VRcMapped<sp::ItemTreeVTable, Self>),
        &quote!(self_rc.clone()),
        &quote!(let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();),
        false,
        &mut chunk_fns,
    );

    let pin_macro = if pinned_drop { quote!(#[pin_drop]) } else { quote!(#[pin]) };

    quote!(
        #[derive(sp::FieldOffsets, Default)]
        #[const_field_offset(sp::const_field_offset)]
        #[repr(C)]
        #pin_macro
        #visibility
        struct #inner_component_id {
            #(#item_names : sp::#item_types,)*
            #(#sub_component_names : #sub_component_types,)*
            #(#popup_id_names : ::core::cell::Cell<sp::Option<::core::num::NonZeroU32>>,)*
            #(#declared_property_vars : sp::Property<#declared_property_types>,)*
            #(#declared_callbacks : sp::Callback<(#(#declared_callbacks_types,)*), #declared_callbacks_ret>,)*
            #(#callback_tracker_names : sp::Property<()>,)*
            #(#repeated_element_components,)*
            #(#change_tracker_names : sp::ChangeTracker,)*
            #(#timer_names : sp::Timer,)*
            self_weak : sp::OnceCell<sp::VWeakMapped<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #inner_component_id>>,
            #(parent : #parent_component_type,)*
            globals: sp::OnceCell<sp::Rc<SharedGlobals>>,
            tree_index: ::core::cell::Cell<u32>,
            tree_index_of_first_child: ::core::cell::Cell<u32>,
        }

        impl #inner_component_id {
            // Shorthands used by the generated expression code: these accesses are
            // emitted many times, so keep the call sites as small as possible.
            #[allow(dead_code)]
            fn globals(&self) -> &sp::Rc<SharedGlobals> {
                self.globals.get().unwrap()
            }

            #[allow(dead_code)]
            fn origin_rc(&self) -> sp::ItemTreeRc {
                sp::VRcMapped::origin(&self.self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap())
            }

            fn init(self_rc: sp::VRcMapped<sp::ItemTreeVTable, Self>,
                    globals : sp::Rc<SharedGlobals>,
                    tree_index: u32, tree_index_of_first_child: u32)
                -> ::core::result::Result<(), slint::PlatformError>
            {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                let _ = _self.self_weak.set(sp::VRcMapped::downgrade(&self_rc));
                let _ = _self.globals.set(globals);
                _self.tree_index.set(tree_index);
                _self.tree_index_of_first_child.set(tree_index_of_first_child);
                #(#init)*
                ::core::result::Result::Ok(())
            }

            fn user_init(self_rc: sp::VRcMapped<sp::ItemTreeVTable, Self>) {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                #(#user_init_code)*
            }

            #(#chunk_fns)*

            fn visit_dynamic_children(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                dyn_index: u32,
                order: sp::TraversalOrder,
                visitor: sp::ItemVisitorRefMut<'_>
            ) -> sp::VisitChildrenResult {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match dyn_index {
                    #(#repeated_visit_branch)*
                    _ => panic!("invalid dyn_index {}", dyn_index),
                }
            }

            fn ensure_instantiated(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> bool {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                let mut _changed = false;
                #(#ensure_instantiated_stmts)*
                _changed
            }

            fn layout_info(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, orientation: sp::Orientation) -> sp::LayoutInfo {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match orientation {
                    sp::Orientation::Horizontal => #layout_info_h,
                    sp::Orientation::Vertical => #layout_info_v,
                }
            }

            #grid_layout_input_for_repeated_fn

            #flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated_fn

            #cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated_fn

            #layout_order_for_repeated_fn

            fn subtree_range(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, dyn_index: u32) -> sp::IndexRange {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match dyn_index {
                    #(#repeated_subtree_ranges)*
                    _ => panic!("invalid dyn_index {}", dyn_index),
                }
            }

            fn subtree_component(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, dyn_index: u32, subtree_index: usize, result: &mut sp::ItemTreeWeak) {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match dyn_index {
                    #(#repeated_subtree_components)*
                    _ => panic!("invalid dyn_index {}", dyn_index),
                };
            }

            fn index_property(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> usize {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                #subtree_index_function
            }

            fn item_geometry(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::LogicalRect {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                // The result of the expression is an anonymous struct, `{height: length, width: length, x: length, y: length}`
                // fields are in alphabetical order
                let (h, w, x, y) = match index {
                    #(#item_geometry_branch)*
                    _ => return ::core::default::Default::default()
                };
                sp::euclid::rect(x, y, w, h)
            }

            fn accessible_role(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::AccessibleRole {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match index {
                    #(#accessible_role_branch)*
                    //#(#forward_sub_ranges => #forward_sub_field.apply_pin(_self).accessible_role())*
                    _ => sp::AccessibleRole::default(),
                }
            }

            fn accessible_string_property(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                index: u32,
                what: sp::AccessibleStringProperty,
            ) -> sp::Option<sp::SharedString> {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match (index, what) {
                    #(#accessible_string_property_branch)*
                    _ => sp::None,
                }
            }

            fn accessibility_action(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32, action: &sp::AccessibilityAction) {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match (index, action) {
                    #(#accessibility_action_branch)*
                    _ => (),
                }
            }

            fn supported_accessibility_actions(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::SupportedAccessibilityAction {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match index {
                    #(#supported_accessibility_actions_branch)*
                    _ => ::core::default::Default::default(),
                }
            }

            fn item_element_infos(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::Option<sp::SharedString> {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let _self = self;
                match index {
                    #(#item_element_infos_branch)*
                    _ => { ::core::default::Default::default() }
                }
            }

            #update_timers

            #(#declared_functions)*
        }

        #(#extra_components)*
    )
}

fn generate_functions(functions: &[llr::Function], ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> Vec<TokenStream> {
    functions
        .iter()
        .map(|f| {
            let mut ctx2 = ctx.clone();
            ctx2.argument_types = &f.args;
            let tokens_for_expression = compile_expression(&f.code.borrow(), &ctx2);
            let as_ = if f.ret_ty == Type::Void {
                Some(quote!(;))
            } else if f.code.borrow().ty(&ctx2) == Type::Invalid {
                // Don't cast if the Rust code is the never type, as with return statements inside a block, the
                // type of the return expression is `()` instead of `!`.
                None
            } else {
                Some(quote!(as _))
            };
            let fn_id = ident(&format!("fn_{}", f.name));
            let args_ty =
                f.args.iter().map(|a| rust_primitive_type(a).unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let return_type = rust_primitive_type(&f.ret_ty).unwrap();
            let args_name =
                (0..f.args.len()).map(|i| format_ident!("arg_{}", i)).collect::<Vec<_>>();

            quote! {
                #[allow(dead_code, unused)]
                pub fn #fn_id(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, #(#args_name : #args_ty,)*) -> #return_type {
                    let _self = self;
                    let args = (#(#args_name,)*);
                    (#tokens_for_expression) #as_
                }
            }
        })
        .collect()
}

fn generate_global(
    global_idx: llr::GlobalIdx,
    global: &llr::GlobalComponent,
    root: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    compiler_config: &CompilerConfiguration,
    global_exports: &mut Vec<TokenStream>,
) -> TokenStream {
    let mut declared_property_vars = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_property_types = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks_types = Vec::new();
    let mut declared_callbacks_ret = Vec::new();

    for property in global.properties.iter() {
        declared_property_vars.push(ident(&property.name));
        declared_property_types.push(rust_property_type(&property.ty).unwrap());
    }
    let mut callback_tracker_names = Vec::new();

    for callback in &global.callbacks {
        let callback_args =
            callback.args.iter().map(|a| rust_primitive_type(a).unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        declared_callbacks.push(ident(&callback.name));
        declared_callbacks_types.push(callback_args);
        declared_callbacks_ret.push(rust_primitive_type(&callback.ret_ty));
        if callback.needs_tracker {
            callback_tracker_names.push(callback_tracker_ident(&callback.name));
        }
    }

    let mut init = Vec::new();
    let inner_component_id = global_inner_name(global);

    #[cfg(slint_debug_property)]
    init.push(quote!(
        #(self_rc.#declared_property_vars.debug_name.replace(
            concat!(stringify!(#inner_component_id), ".", stringify!(#declared_property_vars)).into());)*
    ));

    let ctx = EvaluationContext::new_global(
        root,
        global_idx,
        RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
    );

    let declared_functions = generate_functions(global.functions.as_ref(), &ctx);

    for (property_index, expression) in &global.init_values {
        handle_property_init(
            &llr::LocalMemberReference::from(property_index.clone()).into(),
            expression,
            &mut init,
            &ctx,
        )
    }
    for (property_index, cst) in global.const_properties.iter_enumerated() {
        if *cst {
            let rust_property = access_local_member(&property_index.into(), &ctx);
            init.push(quote!(#rust_property.set_constant();))
        }
    }

    let public_component_id = ident(&global.name);
    let global_id = format_ident!("global_{}", public_component_id);

    let change_tracker_names = global
        .change_callbacks
        .keys()
        .map(|idx| format_ident!("change_tracker{}", usize::from(*idx)));
    init.extend(global.change_callbacks.iter().map(|(p, e)| {
        let code = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
        let prop = access_local_member(&(*p).into(), &ctx);
        let change_tracker = format_ident!("change_tracker{}", usize::from(*p));
        quote! {
            #[allow(dead_code, unused)]
            _self.#change_tracker.init(
                self_rc.globals.get().unwrap().clone(),
                move |global_weak| {
                    let self_rc = global_weak.upgrade().unwrap().#global_id.clone();
                    let _self = self_rc.as_ref();
                    #prop.get()
                },
                move |global_weak, _| {
                    let self_rc = global_weak.upgrade().unwrap().#global_id.clone();
                    let _self = self_rc.as_ref();
                    #code;
                }
            );
        }
    }));

    let mut chunk_fns = Vec::new();
    let init = emit_in_chunks(
        "init",
        init,
        &quote!(self_rc: ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<Self>>),
        &quote!(self_rc.clone()),
        &quote!(let _self = self_rc.as_ref();),
        false,
        &mut chunk_fns,
    );

    let pub_token = if compiler_config.library_name.is_some() && !global.is_builtin {
        global_exports.push(quote! (#inner_component_id));
        quote!(pub)
    } else {
        quote!()
    };

    let public_interface = global.exported.then(|| {
        let property_and_callback_accessors = public_api(
            &global.public_properties,
            &global.private_properties,
            quote!(self.0.as_ref()),
            &ctx,
        );
        let aliases = global.aliases.iter().map(|name| ident(name));
        let getters = generate_global_getters(global, root);

        let strong_handle_impl = quote!(
            impl slint::StrongHandle for #public_component_id<'static> {
                type WeakInner = sp::Weak<#inner_component_id>;

                fn upgrade_from_weak_inner(inner: &Self::WeakInner) -> ::core::option::Option<Self> {
                    let inner = ::core::pin::Pin::new(inner.upgrade()?);
                    ::core::option::Option::Some(Self(inner, ::core::marker::PhantomData::default()))
                }
            }
        );

        quote!(
            #[allow(unused)]
            pub struct #public_component_id<'a>(#pub_token ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<#inner_component_id>>, #pub_token ::core::marker::PhantomData<&'a #inner_component_id>);

            impl<'a> #public_component_id<'a> {
                #property_and_callback_accessors
            }
            #(pub type #aliases<'a> = #public_component_id<'a>;)*
            #getters

            #strong_handle_impl
        )
    });

    let private_interface = (!global.is_builtin).then(|| {
        quote!(
            #[derive(sp::FieldOffsets, Default)]
            #[const_field_offset(sp::const_field_offset)]
            #[repr(C)]
            #[pin]
            pub struct #inner_component_id {
                #(#pub_token  #declared_property_vars: sp::Property<#declared_property_types>,)*
                #(#pub_token  #declared_callbacks: sp::Callback<(#(#declared_callbacks_types,)*), #declared_callbacks_ret>,)*
                #(#pub_token  #callback_tracker_names : sp::Property<()>,)*
                #(#pub_token  #change_tracker_names : sp::ChangeTracker,)*
                globals : sp::OnceCell<sp::Weak<SharedGlobals>>,
            }

            impl #inner_component_id {
                // Shorthand used by the generated expression code: the member access is
                // emitted for every global property access, so keep it as small as possible.
                #[allow(dead_code)]
                fn globals(&self) -> sp::Rc<SharedGlobals> {
                    self.globals.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap()
                }
                fn new() -> ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<Self>> {
                    sp::Rc::pin(Self::default())
                }
                fn init(self: ::core::pin::Pin<sp::Rc<Self>>, globals: &sp::Rc<SharedGlobals>) {
                    #![allow(unused)]
                    let _ = self.globals.set(sp::Rc::downgrade(globals));
                    let self_rc = self;
                    let _self = self_rc.as_ref();
                    #(#init)*
                }

                #(#chunk_fns)*

                #(#declared_functions)*
            }
        )
    });

    quote!(#private_interface #public_interface)
}

fn generate_global_getters(
    global: &llr::GlobalComponent,
    root: &llr::CompilationUnit,
) -> TokenStream {
    let public_component_id = ident(&global.name);
    let global_id = format_ident!("global_{}", public_component_id);

    let getters = root.public_components.iter().map(|c| {
        let root_component_id = ident(&c.name);
        quote! {
            impl<'a> slint::Global<'a, #root_component_id> for #public_component_id<'a> {
                type StaticSelf = #public_component_id<'static>;

                fn get(component: &'a #root_component_id) -> Self {
                    Self(component.0.globals.get().unwrap().#global_id.clone(), ::core::marker::PhantomData::default())
                }

                fn as_weak(&self) -> slint::Weak<Self::StaticSelf> {
                    let inner = ::core::pin::Pin::into_inner(self.0.clone());
                    slint::Weak::new(sp::Rc::downgrade(&inner))
                }
            }
        }
    });

    quote! (
        #(#getters)*
    )
}

fn generate_item_tree(
    sub_tree: &llr::ItemTree,
    root: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    parent_ctx: Option<&ParentScope>,
    index_property: Option<llr::PropertyIdx>,
    is_popup: bool,
) -> TokenStream {
    let needs_window_adapter = root.needs_window_adapter();
    let sub_comp = generate_sub_component(
        sub_tree.root,
        root,
        parent_ctx,
        index_property,
        needs_window_adapter,
    );
    let inner_component_id = self::inner_component_id(&root.sub_components[sub_tree.root]);
    let parent_component_type = parent_ctx
        .iter()
        .map(|parent| {
            let parent_component_id =
                self::inner_component_id(&root.sub_components[parent.sub_component]);
            quote!(sp::VWeakMapped::<sp::ItemTreeVTable, #parent_component_id>)
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let is_root_component = !is_popup && parent_ctx.is_none();
    let globals = if is_popup {
        quote!(globals)
    } else if parent_ctx.is_some() {
        quote!(parent.upgrade().unwrap().globals.get().unwrap().clone())
    } else {
        quote!(SharedGlobals::new(sp::VRc::downgrade(&self_dyn_rc)))
    };
    // The root component owns the freshly created `SharedGlobals` and is responsible for running
    // its eager initialization. The root's own `globals` field must be set *before* that init
    // runs, because a global binding (e.g. `Palette.color-scheme`) may resolve the root's window
    // adapter through `globals` during evaluation. Popups and sub-components receive an already
    // initialized `SharedGlobals`, so they skip this step.
    let set_and_init_globals = if is_root_component {
        quote!(
            let _ = sp::VRc::map(self_rc.clone(), |x| x).as_pin_ref().globals.set(globals.clone());
            globals.init_globals();
        )
    } else {
        quote!()
    };
    let globals_arg = is_popup.then(|| quote!(globals: sp::Rc<SharedGlobals>));

    let embedding_function = if parent_ctx.is_some() {
        quote!(todo!("Components written in Rust can not get embedded yet."))
    } else {
        quote!(false)
    };

    let parent_item_expression = parent_ctx.map(|parent| parent.repeater_index.map_or_else(|| {
        // No repeater index, this could be a PopupWindow
        quote!{
            if let Some(parent_rc) = self.parent.clone().upgrade() {
                let parent_origin = sp::VRcMapped::origin(&parent_rc);
                // TODO: store popup index in ctx and set it here instead of 0?
                *_result = sp::ItemRc::new_root(parent_origin).downgrade();
            }
        }
    }, |idx| {
        let current_sub_component = &root.sub_components[parent.sub_component];
        let sub_component_offset = current_sub_component.repeated[idx].index_in_tree;

        quote!{
            if let Some((parent_component, parent_index)) = self
                .parent
                .clone()
                .upgrade()
                .map(|sc| (sp::VRcMapped::origin(&sc), sc.tree_index_of_first_child.get()))
            {
                *_result = sp::ItemRc::new(parent_component, parent_index + #sub_component_offset - 1)
                    .downgrade();
            }
        }
    }));
    let mut item_tree_array: Vec<TokenStream> = Vec::new();
    let mut item_array = Vec::new();
    let mut z_sorted_nodes: Vec<(usize, &llr::TreeNode)> = Vec::new();
    sub_tree.tree.visit_in_array(&mut |node, children_offset, parent_index| {
        let parent_index = parent_index as u32;
        let (_, component) =
            follow_sub_component_path(root, sub_tree.root, &node.sub_component_path);

        if node.z_sort_order_property.is_some() {
            z_sorted_nodes.push((item_tree_array.len(), node));
        }

        match node.item_index {
            Either::Right(mut repeater_index) => {
                assert_eq!(node.children.len(), 0);
                let mut sub_component = &root.sub_components[sub_tree.root];
                for i in &node.sub_component_path {
                    repeater_index += sub_component.sub_components[*i].repeater_offset;
                    sub_component = &root.sub_components[sub_component.sub_components[*i].ty];
                }
                item_tree_array.push(quote!(
                    sp::ItemTreeNode::DynamicTree {
                        index: #repeater_index,
                        parent_index: #parent_index,
                    }
                ));
            }
            Either::Left(item_index) => {
                let item = &component.items[item_index];

                let children_count = node.children.len() as u32;
                let children_index = children_offset as u32;
                let item_array_len = item_array.len() as u32;
                let is_accessible = node.is_accessible;
                item_tree_array.push(quote!(
                    sp::ItemTreeNode::Item {
                        is_accessible: #is_accessible,
                        children_count: #children_count,
                        children_index: #children_index,
                        parent_index: #parent_index,
                        item_array_index: #item_array_len,
                    }
                ));

                // The array is const, so nested offsets are composed with the
                // const compose_field_offsets rather than the non-const `+`.
                let mut sc = &root.sub_components[sub_tree.root];
                let mut offsets = Vec::new();
                for i in &node.sub_component_path {
                    offsets.push(access_component_field_offset(
                        &self::inner_component_id(sc),
                        &ident(&sc.sub_components[*i].name),
                    ));
                    sc = &root.sub_components[sc.sub_components[*i].ty];
                }
                let offset = offsets.into_iter().rfold(
                    access_component_field_offset(
                        &self::inner_component_id(component),
                        &ident(&item.name),
                    ),
                    |acc, seg| quote!(sp::compose_field_offsets(#seg, #acc)),
                );
                item_array.push(quote!(sp::VOffset::new(#offset)));
            }
        }
    });

    let item_tree_array_len = item_tree_array.len();
    let item_array_len = item_array.len();

    let element_info_body = if root.has_debug_info {
        quote!(
            *_result = self.item_element_infos(_index).unwrap_or_default();
            true
        )
    } else {
        quote!(false)
    };

    // SystemTrayIcon-only compilation units don't have a `WindowAdapter` on
    // SharedGlobals, so the per-tree register / unregister / vtable hooks
    // skip the adapter-touching paths and bottom out at None. Without a
    // `WindowAdapter` there's no renderer to free graphics resources with
    // and tray-rooted items allocate none, so the `PinnedDrop` impl is
    // omitted entirely (the struct uses `#[pin]` instead of `#[pin_drop]`).
    let (register_window_adapter_arg, pinned_drop_impl, window_adapter_vtable_body): (
        TokenStream,
        Option<TokenStream>,
        TokenStream,
    ) = if needs_window_adapter {
        (
            quote!(globals.maybe_window_adapter_impl()),
            Some(quote!(
                impl sp::PinnedDrop for #inner_component_id {
                    fn drop(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&mut #inner_component_id>) {
                        sp::vtable::new_vref!(let vref : VRef<sp::ItemTreeVTable> for sp::ItemTree = self.as_ref().get_ref());
                        if let Some(wa) = self.globals.get().unwrap().maybe_window_adapter_impl() {
                            sp::unregister_item_tree(self.as_ref(), vref, Self::item_array(), &wa);
                        }
                    }
                }
            )),
            quote!(if do_create {
                *result = sp::Some(self.globals.get().unwrap().window_adapter_impl());
            } else {
                *result = self.globals.get().unwrap().maybe_window_adapter_impl();
            }),
        )
    } else {
        (
            quote!(::core::option::Option::None),
            None,
            // Always None for tray-rooted trees: there's no adapter to hand
            // out and `do_create=true` must not silently materialize one.
            quote!(
                let _ = do_create;
                *result = sp::None;
            ),
        )
    };

    let default_call = quote!(sp::visit_item_tree(
        &sp::VRcMapped::origin(&self.as_ref().self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap()),
        self.get_item_tree().as_slice(),
        index,
        order,
        visitor,
        &mut |order, visitor, dyn_index| self.visit_dynamic_children(dyn_index, order, visitor),
    ));
    let z_sorted_visit_body = if z_sorted_nodes.is_empty() {
        quote!(return #default_call;)
    } else {
        let ctx = EvaluationContext::new_sub_component(
            root,
            sub_tree.root,
            RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals.get().unwrap()) },
            parent_ctx,
        );
        let z_match_arms = z_sorted_nodes.iter().map(|(node_idx, node)| {
            let idx_lit = *node_idx as isize;
            let sources = node.z_sort_order_property.as_ref().unwrap();
            // The closure pushes one (child_offset, instance, z) entry per child, or one
            // per instance for repeated children with per-instance z; the runtime sorts
            // the entries and visits them in z order.
            let pushes = sources.iter().zip(&node.children).enumerate().map(|(k, (source, child))| {
                let k = k as u32;
                match source {
                    llr::ZSource::Expression(e) => {
                        let e = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
                        quote!(push(#k, sp::None, #e as f32);)
                    }
                    llr::ZSource::RepeaterInstances => {
                        let itertools::Either::Right(repeater_index) = child.item_index else {
                            unreachable!("per-instance z is only set on repeated children")
                        };
                        let (compo_path, sub_component) =
                            follow_sub_component_path(root, sub_tree.root, &child.sub_component_path);
                        let rep_field = access_component_field_offset(
                            &self::inner_component_id(sub_component),
                            &format_ident!("repeater{}", repeater_index),
                        );
                        quote!((#compo_path #rep_field).apply_pin(_self).for_each_instance_z(&mut |instance, z| push(#k, sp::Some(instance), z));)
                    }
                }
            });
            quote! {
                #idx_lit => {
                    return sp::visit_item_tree_z_sorted(
                        &sp::VRcMapped::origin(&self.as_ref().self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap()),
                        self.get_item_tree().as_slice(),
                        index,
                        order,
                        visitor,
                        &mut |order, visitor, dyn_index| self.visit_dynamic_children(dyn_index, order, visitor),
                        &mut |push| { #(#pushes)* },
                    );
                }
            }
        });
        quote! {
            let _self = self;
            match index {
                #(#z_match_arms)*
                _ => return #default_call,
            }
        }
    };

    quote!(
        #sub_comp

        impl #inner_component_id {
            fn new(#(parent: #parent_component_type,)* #globals_arg) -> ::core::result::Result<sp::VRc<sp::ItemTreeVTable, Self>, slint::PlatformError> {
                #![allow(unused)]
                let mut _self = Self::default();
                #(_self.parent = parent.clone() as #parent_component_type;)*
                let self_rc = sp::VRc::new(_self);
                let self_dyn_rc = sp::VRc::into_dyn(self_rc.clone());
                let globals = #globals;
                #set_and_init_globals
                sp::register_item_tree(&self_dyn_rc, #register_window_adapter_arg);
                Self::init(sp::VRc::map(self_rc.clone(), |x| x), globals, 0, 1)?;
                ::core::result::Result::Ok(self_rc)
            }

            fn item_tree() -> &'static [sp::ItemTreeNode] {
                const ITEM_TREE : [sp::ItemTreeNode; #item_tree_array_len] = [#(#item_tree_array),*];
                &ITEM_TREE
            }

            fn item_array() -> &'static [sp::VOffset<Self, sp::ItemVTable, sp::AllowPin>] {
                const ITEM_ARRAY : [sp::VOffset<#inner_component_id, sp::ItemVTable, sp::AllowPin>; #item_array_len]
                    = [#(#item_array),*];
                &ITEM_ARRAY
            }
        }

        const _ : () = {
            use slint::private_unstable_api::re_exports::*;
            ItemTreeVTable_static!(static VT for self::#inner_component_id);
        };

        #pinned_drop_impl

        impl sp::ItemTree for #inner_component_id {
            fn visit_children_item(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: isize, order: sp::TraversalOrder, visitor: sp::ItemVisitorRefMut<'_>)
                -> sp::VisitChildrenResult
            {
                #z_sorted_visit_body
            }

            fn get_item_ref(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> ::core::pin::Pin<sp::ItemRef<'_>> {
                match &self.get_item_tree().as_slice()[index as usize] {
                    sp::ItemTreeNode::Item { item_array_index, .. } => {
                        Self::item_array()[*item_array_index as usize].apply_pin(self)
                    }
                    sp::ItemTreeNode::DynamicTree { .. } => panic!("get_item_ref called on dynamic tree"),

                }
            }

            fn get_item_tree(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> sp::Slice<'_, sp::ItemTreeNode>
            {
                Self::item_tree().into()
            }

            fn get_subtree_range(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::IndexRange
            {
                self.subtree_range(index)
            }

            fn get_subtree(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32, subtree_index: usize, result: &mut sp::ItemTreeWeak)
            {
                self.subtree_component(index, subtree_index, result);
            }

            fn subtree_index(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> usize
            {
                self.index_property()
            }

            fn parent_node(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, _result: &mut sp::ItemWeak) {
                #parent_item_expression
            }

            fn embed_component(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, _parent_component: &sp::ItemTreeWeak, _item_tree_index: u32) -> bool {
                #embedding_function
            }

            fn layout_info(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, orientation: sp::Orientation) -> sp::LayoutInfo {
                self.layout_info(orientation)
            }

            fn ensure_instantiated(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> bool {
                self.ensure_instantiated()
            }

            fn item_geometry(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::LogicalRect {
                self.item_geometry(index)
            }

            fn accessible_role(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::AccessibleRole {
                self.accessible_role(index)
            }

            fn accessible_string_property(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                index: u32,
                what: sp::AccessibleStringProperty,
                result: &mut sp::SharedString,
            ) -> bool {
                if let Some(r) = self.accessible_string_property(index, what) {
                    *result = r;
                    true
                } else {
                    false
                }
            }

            fn accessibility_action(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32, action: &sp::AccessibilityAction) {
                self.accessibility_action(index, action);
            }

            fn supported_accessibility_actions(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>, index: u32) -> sp::SupportedAccessibilityAction {
                self.supported_accessibility_actions(index)
            }

            fn item_element_infos(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                _index: u32,
                _result: &mut sp::SharedString,
            ) -> bool {
                #element_info_body
            }

            fn window_adapter(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                do_create: bool,
                result: &mut sp::Option<sp::Rc<dyn sp::WindowAdapter>>,
            ) {
                #window_adapter_vtable_body
            }
        }


    )
}

fn generate_repeated_component(
    repeated: &llr::RepeatedElement,
    unit: &llr::CompilationUnit,
    parent_ctx: &ParentScope,
) -> TokenStream {
    let component =
        generate_item_tree(&repeated.sub_tree, unit, Some(parent_ctx), repeated.index_prop, false);

    let ctx = EvaluationContext {
        compilation_unit: unit,
        current_scope: EvaluationScope::SubComponent(repeated.sub_tree.root, Some(parent_ctx)),
        generator_state: RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
        argument_types: &[],
    };

    let root_sc = &unit.sub_components[repeated.sub_tree.root];
    let inner_component_id = self::inner_component_id(root_sc);

    let grid_layout_input_data_fn = root_sc.grid_layout_input_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|_| {
        let has_inner_repeaters = llr::has_inner_repeaters(&root_sc.row_child_templates);
        if has_inner_repeaters {
            let templates = root_sc.row_child_templates.as_ref().unwrap();
            let static_count = llr::static_child_count(templates);

            // Generate fill code: one snippet per template entry.
            // new_row is re-evaluated per slot (write_idx == 0 && new_row) so that only the
            // first produced slot is marked as starting a new row.
            let fill_code: Vec<TokenStream> = templates
                .iter()
                .map(|entry| match entry {
                    llr::RowChildTemplateInfo::Static { .. } => quote! {
                        if write_idx < result.len() {
                            let mut data = statics[static_idx].clone();
                            data.new_row = write_idx == 0 && new_row;
                            result[write_idx] = data;
                        }
                        write_idx += 1;
                        static_idx += 1;
                    },
                    llr::RowChildTemplateInfo::Repeated { repeater_index, .. } => {
                        let inner_rep_id =
                            format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(*repeater_index));
                        quote! {
                            #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#inner_rep_id().apply_pin(_self.as_ref()).track_instance_changes();
                            let inner_len = _self.as_ref().#inner_rep_id.len();
                            for _i in 0..inner_len {
                                if write_idx < result.len() {
                                    // Let the inner cell report its own col/row/colspan/rowspan.
                                    if let Some(inner) = _self.as_ref().#inner_rep_id.instance_at(_i) {
                                        inner.as_pin_ref().grid_layout_input_data(write_idx == 0 && new_row, core::slice::from_mut(&mut result[write_idx]));
                                    }
                                }
                                write_idx += 1;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                })
                .collect();
            let static_setup = if static_count > 0 {
                quote! {
                    let mut statics: [sp::GridLayoutInputData; #static_count] =
                        ::core::array::from_fn(|_| Default::default());
                    _self.as_ref().grid_layout_input_for_repeated(new_row, &mut statics);
                    let mut static_idx: usize = 0;
                }
            } else {
                quote! {}
            };
            let static_finalize = if static_count > 0 {
                quote! {
                    let _ = static_idx; // avoid unused_assignments warning
                }
            } else {
                quote! {}
            };

            quote! {
                fn grid_layout_input_data(
                    self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                    new_row: bool,
                    result: &mut [sp::GridLayoutInputData],
                ) {
                    let _self = self;
                    #static_setup
                    let mut write_idx: usize = 0;
                    #(#fill_code)*
                    #static_finalize
                    // Fill any remaining slots with auto-placed placeholders
                    // (Default leads to col=ROW_COL_AUTO, row=ROW_COL_AUTO, colspan=1, rowspan=1).
                    result[write_idx..].fill(Default::default());
                }
            }
        } else {
            quote! {
                fn grid_layout_input_data(
                    self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                    new_row: bool,
                    result: &mut [sp::GridLayoutInputData],
                ) {
                    self.as_ref().grid_layout_input_for_repeated(new_row, result)
                }
            }
        }
    });

    let extra_fn = if let Some(listview) = &repeated.listview {
        let p_y = access_member(&listview.prop_y, &ctx).unwrap();
        let p_height = access_member(&listview.prop_height, &ctx).unwrap();
        quote! {
            fn listview_layout(
                self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                offset_y: &mut sp::LogicalLength,
            ) -> sp::LogicalLength {
                let _self = self;
                #p_y.set(*offset_y);
                *offset_y += #p_height.get();
                sp::LogicalLength::new(self.as_ref().layout_info(sp::Orientation::Horizontal).min)
            }
        }
    } else {
        // The cell's `cross-axis-self-alignment` in a box layout, filled into the
        // returned LayoutItemInfo for the cross axis only, so the main-axis cache
        // stays independent of it; the remaining literals default it to `auto`.
        let align_self_field =
            root_sc.cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|(cross_o, _)| {
                let cross_o = match cross_o {
                    Orientation::Horizontal => quote!(sp::Orientation::Horizontal),
                    Orientation::Vertical => quote!(sp::Orientation::Vertical),
                };
                quote!(cross_axis_self_alignment: if o == #cross_o {
                    self.as_ref().cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated()
                } else {
                    ::core::default::Default::default()
                },)
            });
        // Likewise `layout-order`, for the main axis only: it just reorders that
        // solve.
        let order_field = root_sc.layout_order_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|(main_o, _)| {
            let main_o = match main_o {
                Orientation::Horizontal => quote!(sp::Orientation::Horizontal),
                Orientation::Vertical => quote!(sp::Orientation::Vertical),
            };
            quote!(layout_order: if o == #main_o {
                self.as_ref().layout_order_for_repeated()
            } else {
                0
            },)
        });
        let layout_item_info_fn = root_sc.child_of_layout.then(|| {
            // Generate layout_item_info (from the RepeatedItemTree trait) in terms of ItemTree::layout_info
            if root_sc.is_repeated_row {
                // Repeated grid Rows cannot carry per-item box layout properties;
                // the row-scan literals below default those fields.
                debug_assert!(root_sc.cross_axis_self_alignment_for_repeated.is_none());
                debug_assert!(root_sc.layout_order_for_repeated.is_none());

                // A GridLayout measures an inner repeated child at the column
                // width it assigns it, like the static children measure at
                // their own (lazily pulled) width.
                let inner_constraint = |measure_at_cross_width: bool| {
                    let Some(e) =
                        root_sc.grid_row_child_cross_width.as_ref().filter(|_| measure_at_cross_width)
                    else {
                        return quote!(inner.as_pin_ref().layout_info(o));
                    };
                    let idx = ident(GRID_MEASURE_CHILD_INDEX_LOCAL);
                    let w = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
                    quote!(match o {
                        sp::Orientation::Vertical => inner
                            .as_pin_ref()
                            .layout_item_info_at_cross_width(({ let #idx = index; #w }) as f32)
                            .constraint,
                        sp::Orientation::Horizontal => inner.as_pin_ref().layout_info(o),
                    })
                };
                let body = if let Some(templates) = &root_sc.row_child_templates {
                    // Generate a sequential scan through all templates in declaration order.
                    // For each Static: check if count == index and return the precomputed info.
                    // For each Repeated: check if index falls within [count, count+len), and return the inner instance's info.
                    let n = templates.len();
                    let scan_steps: Vec<TokenStream> = templates
                        .iter()
                        .enumerate()
                        .map(|(i, entry)| {
                            let is_last = i + 1 == n;
                            match entry {
                            llr::RowChildTemplateInfo::Static { child_index } => {
                                let child = &root_sc.grid_layout_children[*child_index];
                                let layout_info_h_code =
                                    compile_expression(&child.layout_info_h.borrow(), &ctx);
                                let layout_info_v_code =
                                    compile_expression(&child.layout_info_v.borrow(), &ctx);
                                let advance = (!is_last).then(|| quote! { count += 1; });
                                quote! {
                                    if count == index {
                                        return sp::LayoutItemInfo {
                                            constraint: match o {
                                                sp::Orientation::Horizontal => #layout_info_h_code,
                                                sp::Orientation::Vertical => #layout_info_v_code,
                                            },
                                            ..::core::default::Default::default()
                                        };
                                    }
                                    #advance
                                }
                            }
                            llr::RowChildTemplateInfo::Repeated {
                                repeater_index,
                                measure_at_cross_width,
                            } => {
                                let inner_rep_id =
                                    format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(*repeater_index));
                                let inner_constraint = inner_constraint(*measure_at_cross_width);
                                let advance = (!is_last).then(|| quote! { count += inner_len; });
                                quote! {
                                    {
                                        #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#inner_rep_id().apply_pin(_self).track_instance_changes();
                                        let inner_len = _self.#inner_rep_id.len();
                                        if index >= count && index - count < inner_len {
                                            if let Some(inner) = _self.#inner_rep_id.instance_at(index - count) {
                                                return sp::LayoutItemInfo {
                                                    constraint: #inner_constraint,
                                                    ..::core::default::Default::default()
                                                };
                                            }
                                        }
                                        #advance
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }})
                        .collect();

                    quote! {
                        #[allow(unused)]
                        if let Some(index) = child_index {
                            let _self = self.as_ref();
                            let mut count = 0usize;
                            #(#scan_steps)*
                            sp::LayoutItemInfo::default()
                        } else {
                            sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: self.as_ref().layout_info(o), #align_self_field #order_field ..::core::default::Default::default() }
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    quote! {
                        sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: self.as_ref().layout_info(o), #align_self_field #order_field ..::core::default::Default::default() }
                    }
                };

                quote! {
                    fn layout_item_info(
                        self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                        o: sp::Orientation,
                        child_index: sp::Option<usize>,
                    ) -> sp::LayoutItemInfo {
                        #body
                    }
                }
            } else { // not a repeated row
                quote! {
                    fn layout_item_info(
                        self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                        o: sp::Orientation,
                        _child_index: sp::Option<usize>,
                    ) -> sp::LayoutItemInfo {
                        sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: self.as_ref().layout_info(o), #align_self_field #order_field ..::core::default::Default::default() }
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        let flexbox_layout_item_info_fn =
            root_sc.flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|_| {
                // Break the height-for-width recursion for a repeated instance
                // in a column FlexboxLayout: its vertical info must not read
                // self.width (set by the parent flex cache it is feeding).
                // Use the constrained vertical info (computed at the instance's
                // own preferred width via layoutinfo-v-with-constraint) instead.
                let v_constrained =
                    root_sc.layout_info_v_constrained_for_repeated.as_ref().map(|e| {
                        let v_info = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
                        quote! {
                            if matches!(o, sp::Orientation::Vertical) && child_index.is_none() {
                                info.constraint = #v_info;
                                return info;
                            }
                        }
                    });
                // A column FlexboxLayout calls this with its real container width
                // so a height-for-width instance wraps to the same height as an
                // equivalent static cell (instead of the preferred-width single
                // line that `flexbox_layout_item_info` returns). The expression
                // reads the `cross_width` local (matches CROSS_WIDTH_LOCAL).
                let at_cross_width_body = root_sc
                    .layout_info_v_at_cross_width_for_repeated
                    .as_ref()
                    .map(|e| {
                        let v_info = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
                        quote! { info.constraint = #v_info; }
                    })
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                        quote! {
                            info.constraint =
                                self.layout_item_info(sp::Orientation::Vertical, sp::None).constraint;
                        }
                    });
                let cross_width_param = ident(CROSS_WIDTH_LOCAL);
                quote! {
                    fn flexbox_layout_item_info(
                        self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                        o: sp::Orientation,
                        child_index: sp::Option<usize>,
                    ) -> sp::FlexboxLayoutItemInfo {
                        #[allow(unused)]
                        let _self = self.as_ref();
                        let mut info = self.as_ref().flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated();
                        #v_constrained
                        info.constraint = self.layout_item_info(o, child_index).constraint;
                        info
                    }
                    #[allow(unused_variables)]
                    fn flexbox_layout_item_info_at_cross_width(
                        self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                        #cross_width_param: f32,
                    ) -> sp::FlexboxLayoutItemInfo {
                        #[allow(unused)]
                        let _self = self.as_ref();
                        let mut info = self.as_ref().flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated();
                        #at_cross_width_body
                        info
                    }
                }
            });
        // A box layout calls this with the width it lays the instance out at,
        // so a height-for-width instance measures like an equivalent static
        // cell. Mirrors the flexbox `flexbox_layout_item_info_at_cross_width`;
        // the trait default (the plain `layout_item_info`) covers the other
        // repeated components. The per-item fields are the same as in
        // `layout_item_info`; `o` is fixed, so bind it locally and reuse those
        // guards. Don't delegate to `layout_item_info` for them: it measures
        // the constraint through `layout_info`, which is what this accessor
        // exists to avoid.
        let layout_item_info_at_cross_width_fn = root_sc
            .layout_info_v_at_cross_width_for_repeated
            .as_ref()
            .filter(|_| root_sc.flexbox_layout_item_info_for_repeated.is_none())
            .map(|e| {
                let info = compile_expression(&e.borrow(), &ctx);
                let param = ident(CROSS_WIDTH_LOCAL);
                quote! {
                    fn layout_item_info_at_cross_width(
                        self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>,
                        #param: f32,
                    ) -> sp::LayoutItemInfo {
                        #[allow(unused)]
                        let _self = self.as_ref();
                        #[allow(unused)]
                        let o = sp::Orientation::Vertical;
                        sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: #info, #align_self_field #order_field ..::core::default::Default::default() }
                    }
                }
            });
        quote! {
            #layout_item_info_fn
            #flexbox_layout_item_info_fn
            #layout_item_info_at_cross_width_fn
            #grid_layout_input_data_fn
        }
    };

    let data_type = if let Some(data_prop) = repeated.data_prop {
        rust_primitive_type(&root_sc.properties[data_prop].ty).unwrap()
    } else {
        quote!(())
    };

    let access_prop =
        |property_index: llr::PropertyIdx| access_local_member(&property_index.into(), &ctx);
    let index_prop = repeated.index_prop.into_iter().map(access_prop);
    let set_data_expr = repeated.data_prop.into_iter().map(|property_index| {
        let prop_type = ctx.relative_property_ty(&property_index.into(), 0);
        let data_prop = access_prop(property_index);
        let value_tokens = set_primitive_property_value(prop_type, quote!(_data));
        quote!(#data_prop.set(#value_tokens);)
    });
    let z_order_fn = repeated.dynamic_z.as_ref().map(|z_ref| {
        let ctx = EvaluationContext::new_sub_component(
            unit,
            repeated.sub_tree.root,
            RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals.get().unwrap()) },
            Some(parent_ctx),
        );
        let z_prop = access_member(z_ref, &ctx).get_property();
        quote! {
            fn z_order(self: ::core::pin::Pin<&Self>) -> sp::Option<f32> {
                let _self = self;
                sp::Some(#z_prop as f32)
            }
        }
    });

    quote!(
        #component

        impl sp::RepeatedItemTree for #inner_component_id {
            type Data = #data_type;
            fn update(&self, _index: usize, _data: Self::Data) {
                let self_rc = self.self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap();
                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                #(#index_prop.set(_index as _);)*
                #(#set_data_expr)*
            }
            fn init(&self) {
                let self_rc = self.self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap();
                #inner_component_id::user_init(
                    sp::VRcMapped::map(self_rc, |x| x),
                );
            }
            #z_order_fn
            #extra_fn
        }
    )
}

/// Return an identifier suitable for this component for internal use
fn inner_component_id(component: &llr::SubComponent) -> proc_macro2::Ident {
    format_ident!("Inner{}", ident(&component.name))
}

fn internal_popup_id(index: usize) -> proc_macro2::Ident {
    let mut name = index.to_string();
    name.insert_str(0, "popup_id_");
    ident(&name)
}

fn global_inner_name(g: &llr::GlobalComponent) -> TokenStream {
    if g.is_builtin {
        let i = ident(&g.name);
        quote!(sp::#i)
    } else {
        let i = format_ident!("Inner{}", ident(&g.name));
        quote!(#i)
    }
}

fn property_set_value_tokens(
    property: &llr::MemberReference,
    value_tokens: TokenStream,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let prop = access_member(property, ctx);
    let prop_type = ctx.property_ty(property);
    let value_tokens = set_primitive_property_value(prop_type, value_tokens);
    if let Some((animation, map)) = &ctx.property_info(property).animation {
        let mut animation = (*animation).clone();
        map.map_expression(&mut animation);
        let animation_tokens = compile_expression(&animation, ctx);
        return prop
            .then(|prop| quote!(#prop.set_animated_value(#value_tokens as _, #animation_tokens)));
    }
    prop.then(|prop| quote!(#prop.set(#value_tokens as _)))
}

/// Returns the code that can access the given property or callback
fn access_member(reference: &llr::MemberReference, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> MemberAccess {
    fn in_global(
        g: &llr::GlobalComponent,
        index: &llr::LocalMemberIndex,
        _self: TokenStream,
    ) -> MemberAccess {
        let global_name = global_inner_name(g);
        match index {
            llr::LocalMemberIndex::Property(property_idx) => {
                let property_name = ident(&g.properties[*property_idx].name);
                let property_field = quote!({ *&#global_name::FIELD_OFFSETS.#property_name() });
                MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#property_field.apply_pin(#_self)))
            }
            llr::LocalMemberIndex::Callback(callback_idx) => {
                let callback_name = ident(&g.callbacks[*callback_idx].name);
                let callback_field = quote!({ *&#global_name::FIELD_OFFSETS.#callback_name() });
                MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#callback_field.apply_pin(#_self)))
            }
            llr::LocalMemberIndex::Function(function_idx) => {
                let fn_id = ident(&format!("fn_{}", g.functions[*function_idx].name));
                MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#_self.#fn_id))
            }
            llr::LocalMemberIndex::Native { .. } | llr::LocalMemberIndex::Timer(_) => {
                unreachable!()
            }
        }
    }

    match reference {
        llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, local_reference } => {
            if let Some(current_global) = ctx.current_global() {
                return in_global(current_global, &local_reference.reference, quote!(_self));
            }

            let parent_path = parent_access_path(*parent_level);

            match &local_reference.reference {
                llr::LocalMemberIndex::Property(property_index) => {
                    let (compo_path, sub_component) = follow_sub_component_path(
                        ctx.compilation_unit,
                        ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                        &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                    );
                    let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
                    let property_name = ident(&sub_component.properties[*property_index].name);
                    let property_field =
                        access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &property_name);
                    parent_path.map_or_else(
                        || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #property_field).apply_pin(_self))),
                        |parent_path| {
                            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #property_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                        },
                    )
                }
                llr::LocalMemberIndex::Callback(callback_index) => {
                    let (compo_path, sub_component) = follow_sub_component_path(
                        ctx.compilation_unit,
                        ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                        &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                    );
                    let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
                    let callback_name = ident(&sub_component.callbacks[*callback_index].name);
                    let callback_field =
                        access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &callback_name);
                    parent_path.map_or_else(
                        || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #callback_field).apply_pin(_self))),
                        |parent_path| {
                            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #callback_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                        },
                    )
                }
                llr::LocalMemberIndex::Function(function_index) => {
                    let mut sub_component = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components
                        [ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap()];
                    let mut compo_path = parent_path
                        .as_ref()
                        .map_or_else(|| quote!(_self), |_| quote!(x.as_pin_ref()));
                    for i in &local_reference.sub_component_path {
                        let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
                        let sub_component_name = ident(&sub_component.sub_components[*i].name);
                        let field =
                            access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &sub_component_name);
                        compo_path = quote!(#field.apply_pin(#compo_path));
                        sub_component = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components
                            [sub_component.sub_components[*i].ty];
                    }
                    let fn_id =
                        ident(&format!("fn_{}", sub_component.functions[*function_index].name));
                    parent_path.map_or_else(
                        || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#compo_path.#fn_id)),
                        |parent_path| {
                            MemberAccess::OptionFn(parent_path, quote!(|x| #compo_path.#fn_id))
                        },
                    )
                }
                llr::LocalMemberIndex::Timer(timer_index) => {
                    let (compo_path, sub_component) = follow_sub_component_path(
                        ctx.compilation_unit,
                        ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                        &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                    );
                    let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
                    let timer_ident = format_ident!("timer{}", usize::from(*timer_index));
                    let timer_field = access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &timer_ident);
                    parent_path.map_or_else(
                        || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #timer_field).apply_pin(_self))),
                        |parent_path| {
                            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #timer_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                        },
                    )
                }
                llr::LocalMemberIndex::Native { item_index, prop_name, .. } => {
                    let (compo_path, sub_component) = follow_sub_component_path(
                        ctx.compilation_unit,
                        ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                        &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                    );
                    let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
                    let item_name = ident(&sub_component.items[*item_index].name);
                    let item_field = access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &item_name);
                    if prop_name.is_empty() {
                        // then this is actually a reference to the element itself
                        parent_path.map_or_else(
                            || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #item_field).apply_pin(_self))),
                            |parent_path| {
                                MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #item_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                            }
                        )
                    } else if matches!(
                        sub_component.items[*item_index].ty.lookup_property(prop_name),
                        Some(&Type::Function(..))
                    ) {
                        let property_name = ident(prop_name);
                        parent_path.map_or_else(
                            || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!((#compo_path #item_field).apply_pin(_self).#property_name)),
                            |parent_path| {
                                MemberAccess::OptionFn(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| (#compo_path #item_field).apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))), quote!(|x| x .#property_name))
                            }
                        )
                    } else {
                        let property_name = ident(prop_name);
                        let item_ty = ident(&sub_component.items[*item_index].ty.class_name);
                        let prop_offset = quote!((#compo_path #item_field + sp::#item_ty::FIELD_OFFSETS.#property_name()));
                        parent_path.map_or_else(
                            || MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(#prop_offset.apply_pin(_self))),
                            |parent_path| {
                                MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| #prop_offset.apply_pin(x.as_pin_ref()))))
                            }
                        )
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        llr::MemberReference::Global { global_index, member } => {
            let global = &ctx.compilation_unit.globals[*global_index];
            let s = if matches!(ctx.current_scope, EvaluationScope::Global(i) if i == *global_index)
            {
                quote!(_self)
            } else {
                let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
                let global_id = format_ident!("global_{}", ident(&global.name));
                quote!(#global_access.#global_id.as_ref())
            };
            in_global(global, member, s)
        }
    }
}

fn access_local_member(
    reference: &llr::LocalMemberReference,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    access_member(&reference.clone().into(), ctx).unwrap()
}

/// Helper to access a member property/callback of a component.
///
/// Because the parent can be deleted (issue #3464), this might be an option when accessing the parent
#[derive(Clone)]
enum MemberAccess {
    /// The token stream is just an expression to the member
    Direct(TokenStream),
    /// The token stream is a an expression to an option of the member
    Option(TokenStream),
    /// the first token stream is an option, and the second is a path to the function in a `.map` and it must be called
    OptionFn(TokenStream, TokenStream),
}

impl MemberAccess {
    /// Used for code that is meant to return `()`
    fn then(self, f: impl FnOnce(TokenStream) -> TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
        self.then_named("x", f)
    }

    /// Like [`Self::then`], but names the binding the member is spliced from, so that this access
    /// can be nested inside another one without shadowing it.
    fn then_named(self, binding: &str, f: impl FnOnce(TokenStream) -> TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
        let binding = format_ident!("{binding}");
        match self {
            MemberAccess::Direct(t) => f(t),
            MemberAccess::Option(t) => {
                let r = f(quote!(#binding));
                quote!({ let _ = #t.map(|#binding| #r); })
            }
            MemberAccess::OptionFn(opt, inner) => {
                let r = f(inner);
                quote!({ let _ = #opt.as_ref().map(#r); })
            }
        }
    }

    fn map_or_default(self, f: impl FnOnce(TokenStream) -> TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
        match self {
            MemberAccess::Direct(t) => f(t),
            MemberAccess::Option(t) => {
                let r = f(quote!(x));
                quote!(#t.map(|x| #r).unwrap_or_default())
            }
            MemberAccess::OptionFn(opt, inner) => {
                let r = f(inner);
                quote!(#opt.as_ref().map(#r).unwrap_or_default())
            }
        }
    }

    fn get_property(self) -> TokenStream {
        match self {
            MemberAccess::Direct(t) => quote!(#t.get()),
            MemberAccess::Option(t) => {
                quote!(#t.map(|x| x.get()).unwrap_or_default())
            }
            MemberAccess::OptionFn(..) => panic!("function is not a property"),
        }
    }

    /// To be used when we know that the reference was local
    #[track_caller]
    fn unwrap(&self) -> TokenStream {
        match self {
            MemberAccess::Direct(t) => quote!(#t),
            _ => panic!("not a local property?"),
        }
    }
}

fn follow_sub_component_path<'a>(
    compilation_unit: &'a llr::CompilationUnit,
    root: llr::SubComponentIdx,
    sub_component_path: &[llr::SubComponentInstanceIdx],
) -> (TokenStream, &'a llr::SubComponent) {
    let mut compo_path = quote!();
    let mut sub_component = &compilation_unit.sub_components[root];
    for i in sub_component_path {
        let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
        let sub_component_name = ident(&sub_component.sub_components[*i].name);
        let field = access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &sub_component_name);
        compo_path = quote!(#compo_path #field +);
        sub_component = &compilation_unit.sub_components[sub_component.sub_components[*i].ty];
    }
    (compo_path, sub_component)
}

/// Like [`follow_sub_component_path`],
/// but returns a plain field access suffix (`.sub1.sub2`) instead of a field offset expression.
fn follow_sub_component_path_fields<'a>(
    compilation_unit: &'a llr::CompilationUnit,
    root: llr::SubComponentIdx,
    sub_component_path: &[llr::SubComponentInstanceIdx],
) -> (TokenStream, &'a llr::SubComponent) {
    let mut compo_path = quote!();
    let mut sub_component = &compilation_unit.sub_components[root];
    for i in sub_component_path {
        let sub_component_name = ident(&sub_component.sub_components[*i].name);
        compo_path = quote!(#compo_path.#sub_component_name);
        sub_component = &compilation_unit.sub_components[sub_component.sub_components[*i].ty];
    }
    (compo_path, sub_component)
}

fn access_window_adapter_field(ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
    quote!(&#global_access.window_adapter_impl())
}

/// The component instance that holds the native item `pr` refers to.
///
/// This is an `Option` when the item lives in an ancestor component: that chain can die while a
/// callback of a repeated element is still running — the enclosing popup closed itself, or the
/// model dropped the row the element belongs to — and then nothing must be emitted at all.
fn item_owner(pr: &llr::MemberReference) -> MemberAccess {
    let llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, .. } = pr else { unreachable!() };
    match parent_access_path(*parent_level) {
        None => MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(_self)),
        Some(parent_path) => {
            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#parent_path.as_ref().map(|x| x.as_pin_ref())))
        }
    }
}

/// Tokens for the native item `pr` is about, relative to the component instance holding it (see
/// [`item_owner`]): the member `pr` designates — the item itself or one of its functions — and the
/// item's `ItemRc`.
///
/// Taking the owner as a parameter is what lets a caller that needs both get them out of a single
/// walk of the parent chain.
fn native_item_from_owner(
    pr: &llr::MemberReference,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
    owner: &TokenStream,
) -> (TokenStream, TokenStream) {
    let llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, local_reference } = pr else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    let llr::LocalMemberIndex::Native { item_index, prop_name, .. } = &local_reference.reference
    else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    let root = ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap();
    let (compo_path, sub_component) =
        follow_sub_component_path(ctx.compilation_unit, root, &local_reference.sub_component_path);
    let component_id = inner_component_id(sub_component);
    let item_name = ident(&sub_component.items[*item_index].name);
    let item_field = access_component_field_offset(&component_id, &item_name);
    let mut member = quote!((#compo_path #item_field).apply_pin(#owner));
    if !prop_name.is_empty() {
        // a builtin member function of the item, like `TextInput::select-all`
        let property_name = ident(prop_name);
        member = quote!(#member.#property_name);
    }

    let (suffix, _) = follow_sub_component_path_fields(
        ctx.compilation_unit,
        root,
        &local_reference.sub_component_path,
    );
    let compo = quote!(#owner #suffix);
    let item_index_in_tree = sub_component.items[*item_index].index_in_tree;
    let item_index_tokens = if item_index_in_tree == 0 {
        quote!(#compo.tree_index.get())
    } else {
        quote!(#compo.tree_index_of_first_child.get() + #item_index_in_tree - 1)
    };
    (member, quote!(sp::ItemRc::new(#compo.origin_rc(), #item_index_tokens)))
}

/// Compile `expr` to a Rust expression returning an owned value.
fn compile_expression_to_value(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    /// Whether the code generated by [`compile_expression`] always evaluates to a fresh owned
    /// value, so that no `.clone()` is needed to use it as a value.
    fn produces_owned_value(expr: &Expression) -> bool {
        match expr {
            Expression::StringLiteral(..)
            | Expression::NumberLiteral(..)
            | Expression::BoolLiteral(..)
            | Expression::KeysLiteral(..)
            // compiles to a `.get()` (or `.map(...).unwrap_or_default()`) call
            | Expression::PropertyReference(..)
            // compiles to `args.N.clone()`
            | Expression::FunctionParameterReference { .. }
            // compiles to `x.row_data_tracked(i).unwrap_or_default()`
            | Expression::ArrayIndex { .. }
            | Expression::Cast { .. }
            | Expression::BuiltinFunctionCall { .. }
            | Expression::CallBackCall { .. }
            | Expression::FunctionCall { .. }
            | Expression::ItemMemberFunctionCall { .. }
            | Expression::ExtraBuiltinFunctionCall { .. }
            | Expression::BinaryExpression { .. }
            | Expression::UnaryOp { .. }
            | Expression::ImageReference { .. }
            | Expression::Array { .. }
            | Expression::Struct { .. }
            | Expression::EasingCurve(..)
            | Expression::LinearGradient { .. }
            | Expression::RadialGradient { .. }
            | Expression::ConicGradient { .. }
            | Expression::EnumerationValue(..)
            | Expression::Closure { .. } => true,
            Expression::Condition { true_expr, false_expr, .. } => {
                produces_owned_value(true_expr) && produces_owned_value(false_expr)
            }
            // an empty code block evaluates to `()`, which is owned
            Expression::CodeBlock(b) => b.last().is_none_or(produces_owned_value),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    let compiled_expr = compile_expression(expr, ctx);
    if produces_owned_value(expr) { compiled_expr } else { quote!((#compiled_expr).clone()) }
}

impl quote::ToTokens for crate::expression_tree::ImageReference {
    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
        let tks = match self {
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::None => {
                quote!(sp::Image::default())
            }
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::Path(path) => {
                let path = path.as_str();
                quote!(sp::Image::load_from_path(::std::path::Path::new(#path)).unwrap_or_default())
            }
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::Url(url) => {
                let url = url.as_str();
                // URL image references only work on the web, where the browser fetches them.
                quote!({
                    #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
                    { sp::load_as_html_image(#url).unwrap_or_default() }
                    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
                    { sp::Image::default() }
                })
            }
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::DataUri(_) => {
                unreachable!("data: URIs are embedded before code generation")
            }
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::EmbeddedData { resource_id, extension } => {
                let symbol = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}", resource_id.0);
                let format = proc_macro2::Literal::byte_string(extension.as_bytes());
                quote!(sp::load_image_from_embedded_data(#symbol.into(), sp::Slice::from_slice(#format)))
            }
            crate::expression_tree::ImageReference::EmbeddedTexture { resource_id } => {
                let symbol = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}", resource_id.0);
                quote!(
                    sp::Image::from(sp::ImageInner::StaticTextures(&#symbol))
                )
            }
        };
        tokens.extend(tks);
    }
}

/// Compile `expr` to a Rust expression which may potentially return a reference.
///
/// The body of every non-trivial match arm lives in its own `#[inline(never)]`
/// helper function: this function recurses for nested expressions, and with all
/// arm bodies inlined, its stack frame in unoptimized builds becomes so large
/// that deeply nested expressions overflow the stack.
fn compile_expression(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    match expr {
        Expression::StringLiteral(s) => {
            let s = s.as_str();
            quote!(sp::SharedString::from(#s))
        }
        Expression::KeysLiteral(..) => compile_keys_literal(expr),
        Expression::NumberLiteral(n) => {
            if n.is_nan() {
                quote!(f64::NAN)
            } else if n.is_infinite() {
                if *n > 0. { quote!(f64::INFINITY) } else { quote!(f64::NEG_INFINITY) }
            } else {
                quote!(#n)
            }
        }
        Expression::BoolLiteral(b) => quote!(#b),
        Expression::Cast { .. } => compile_cast(expr, ctx),
        Expression::PropertyReference(nr) => {
            let access = access_member(nr, ctx);
            let prop_type = ctx.property_ty(nr);
            primitive_property_value(prop_type, access)
        }
        Expression::BuiltinFunctionCall { function, arguments, .. } => {
            compile_builtin_function_call(function.clone(), arguments, ctx)
        }
        Expression::CallBackCall { .. } => compile_callback_call(expr, ctx),
        Expression::FunctionCall { .. } => compile_function_call(expr, ctx),
        Expression::ItemMemberFunctionCall { .. } => compile_item_member_function_call(expr, ctx),
        Expression::ExtraBuiltinFunctionCall { .. } => {
            compile_extra_builtin_function_call(expr, ctx)
        }
        Expression::FunctionParameterReference { index } => {
            let i = proc_macro2::Literal::usize_unsuffixed(*index);
            quote! {args.#i.clone()}
        }
        Expression::StructFieldAccess { base, name } => match base.ty(ctx) {
            Type::Struct(s) => {
                let base_e = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(base, ctx);
                let f = struct_field_access(&s, name);
                quote!((#base_e).#f)
            }
            _ => panic!("Expression::StructFieldAccess's base expression is not an Object type"),
        },
        Expression::ArrayIndex { .. } => compile_array_index(expr, ctx),
        Expression::CodeBlock(..) => compile_code_block(expr, ctx),
        Expression::PropertyAssignment { property, value } => {
            let value = compile_expression(value, ctx);
            property_set_value_tokens(property, value, ctx)
        }
        Expression::ModelDataAssignment { .. } => compile_model_data_assignment(expr, ctx),
        Expression::ArrayIndexAssignment { .. } => compile_array_index_assignment(expr, ctx),
        Expression::SliceIndexAssignment { slice_name, index, value } => {
            let slice_ident = ident(slice_name);
            let value_e = compile_expression(value, ctx);
            quote!(#slice_ident[#index] = #value_e)
        }
        Expression::BinaryExpression { .. } => compile_binary_expression(expr, ctx),
        Expression::UnaryOp { sub, op } => {
            let sub = compile_expression(sub, ctx);
            if *op == '+' {
                // there is no unary '+' in rust
                return sub;
            }
            let op = proc_macro2::Punct::new(*op, proc_macro2::Spacing::Alone);
            quote!( (#op #sub) )
        }
        Expression::ImageReference { .. } => compile_image_reference(expr),
        Expression::Condition { .. } => compile_condition(expr, ctx),
        Expression::Array { .. } => compile_array(expr, ctx),
        Expression::Struct { .. } => compile_struct(expr, ctx),

        Expression::StoreLocalVariable { name, value } => {
            let value = compile_expression_to_value_no_parenthesis(value, ctx);
            let name = ident(name);
            quote!(let #name = #value;)
        }
        Expression::ReadLocalVariable { name, .. } => {
            let name = ident(name);
            quote!(#name)
        }
        Expression::MouseCursor(cursor) => match cursor {
            llr::MouseCursorInner::BuiltIn(expression) => {
                let expression = compile_expression(expression, ctx);
                quote!(sp::MouseCursorInner::BuiltIn(#expression.clone()))
            }
            llr::MouseCursorInner::CustomMouseCursor { image, hotspot_x, hotspot_y } => {
                let image = compile_expression(image, ctx);
                let hotspot_x = compile_expression(hotspot_x, ctx);
                let hotspot_y = compile_expression(hotspot_y, ctx);

                quote!(sp::MouseCursorInner::CustomMouseCursor { image: #image.clone(), hotspot_x: #hotspot_x.clone() as i32, hotspot_y: #hotspot_y.clone() as i32 })
            }
        },
        Expression::EasingCurve(EasingCurve::CubicBezier(a, b, c, d)) => {
            quote!(sp::EasingCurve::CubicBezier([#a, #b, #c, #d]))
        }
        Expression::EasingCurve(EasingCurve::Spring(a)) => {
            quote!(sp::EasingCurve::Spring(#a))
        }
        // The other curves have no parameters and map to a runtime variant with the same name.
        Expression::EasingCurve(e) => {
            let ident = format_ident!("{e:?}");
            quote!(sp::EasingCurve::#ident)
        }
        Expression::LinearGradient { .. } => compile_linear_gradient(expr, ctx),
        Expression::RadialGradient { .. } => compile_radial_gradient(expr, ctx),
        Expression::ConicGradient { .. } => compile_conic_gradient(expr, ctx),
        Expression::EnumerationValue(value) => {
            let base_ident = ident(&value.enumeration.name);
            let value_ident = ident(&value.to_pascal_case());
            if value.enumeration.node.is_some() {
                quote!(#base_ident::#value_ident)
            } else {
                quote!(sp::#base_ident::#value_ident)
            }
        }
        Expression::LayoutCacheAccess { .. } => compile_layout_cache_access(expr, ctx),
        Expression::GridRepeaterCacheAccess { .. } => compile_grid_repeater_cache_access(expr, ctx),
        Expression::WithLayoutItemInfo {
            cells_variable,
            repeater_indices_var_name,
            repeater_steps_var_name,
            elements,
            orientation,
            repeated_cross_size,
            sub_expression,
        } => generate_with_layout_item_info(
            cells_variable,
            repeater_indices_var_name.as_ref().map(SmolStr::as_str),
            repeater_steps_var_name.as_ref().map(SmolStr::as_str),
            elements.as_ref(),
            *orientation,
            repeated_cross_size.as_deref(),
            sub_expression,
            ctx,
        ),

        Expression::WithFlexboxLayoutItemInfo {
            cells_h_variable,
            cells_v_variable,
            flex_props_variable,
            repeater_indices_var_name,
            elements,
            repeated_cross_width,
            sub_expression,
        } => generate_with_flexbox_layout_item_info(
            cells_h_variable,
            cells_v_variable,
            flex_props_variable.as_deref(),
            repeater_indices_var_name.as_ref().map(SmolStr::as_str),
            elements.as_ref(),
            repeated_cross_width.as_deref(),
            sub_expression,
            ctx,
        ),

        Expression::SolveFlexboxLayoutWithMeasure { data, repeater_indices, measure_cells } => {
            let data = compile_expression(data, ctx);
            let repeater_indices = compile_expression(repeater_indices, ctx);
            let closure = generate_flexbox_measure_closure(measure_cells, ctx);
            quote! { {
                #closure
                sp::solve_flexbox_layout_with_measure(&#data, #repeater_indices, Some(&mut measure))
            } }
        }

        Expression::FlexboxLayoutInfoCrossAxisWithMeasure { arguments, measure_cells } => {
            let a = compile_builtin_arguments(arguments, ctx);
            let closure = generate_flexbox_measure_closure(measure_cells, ctx);
            quote! { {
                #closure
                sp::flexbox_layout_info_cross_axis_with_measure(#(#a as _,)* Some(&mut measure))
            } }
        }

        Expression::BoxLayoutInfoOrthoWithMeasure { solve_data, padding_ortho, measure_cells } => {
            let data = compile_expression(solve_data, ctx);
            let padding = compile_expression(padding_ortho, ctx);
            let known_size_ident = ident(MEASURE_KNOWN_W_LOCAL);
            let steps = measure_cells.iter().map(|cell| match cell {
                llr::BoxMeasureCell::Static { info } => {
                    let info = compile_expression(info, ctx);
                    quote!(
                        {
                            let #known_size_ident = box_ortho_solved.as_slice()[cursor * 2 + 1] as f32;
                            let _ = #known_size_ident;
                            cells_vec.push(sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: { #info }, ..::core::default::Default::default() });
                            cursor += 1;
                        }
                    )
                }
                llr::BoxMeasureCell::Repeated(repeater) => {
                    let repeater_id =
                        format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater.repeater_index));
                    quote!(
                        for i in 0.._self.#repeater_id.len() {
                            if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                cells_vec.push(sub_comp.as_pin_ref().layout_item_info_at_cross_width(
                                    box_ortho_solved.as_slice()[cursor * 2 + 1] as f32,
                                ));
                            } else {
                                cells_vec.push(::core::default::Default::default());
                            }
                            cursor += 1;
                        }
                    )
                }
            });
            let min_cell_count = measure_cells.len();
            quote! { {
                let box_ortho_solved = sp::solve_box_layout(&#data, sp::Slice::from_slice(&[]));
                let mut cells_vec = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#min_cell_count);
                let mut cursor = 0usize;
                #(#steps)*
                let _ = cursor;
                sp::box_layout_info_ortho(sp::Slice::from_slice(&cells_vec), &#padding)
            } }
        }

        Expression::WithGridInputData {
            cells_variable,
            repeater_indices_var_name,
            repeater_steps_var_name,
            elements,
            sub_expression,
        } => generate_with_grid_input_data(
            cells_variable,
            repeater_indices_var_name,
            repeater_steps_var_name,
            elements.as_ref(),
            sub_expression,
            ctx,
        ),

        Expression::MinMax { .. } => compile_min_max(expr, ctx),
        Expression::EmptyComponentFactory => quote!(slint::ComponentFactory::default()),
        Expression::EmptyDataTransfer => quote!(slint::DataTransfer::default()),
        Expression::TranslationReference { .. } => compile_translation_reference(expr, ctx),
        Expression::Closure { arg_name, expression } => {
            let arg_name = ident(arg_name);
            let expression = compile_expression(expression, ctx);
            quote! {
                |#arg_name| {#expression}
            }
        }
        // Generated code has no debug hooks; use the wrapped expression.
        Expression::DebugHook { expression, .. } => compile_expression(expression, ctx),
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_keys_literal(expr: &Expression) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::KeysLiteral(keys) = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let key = &*keys.key;
    let alt = keys.modifiers.alt;
    let control = keys.modifiers.control;
    let shift = keys.modifiers.shift;
    let meta = keys.modifiers.meta;
    let ignore_shift = keys.ignore_shift;
    let ignore_alt = keys.ignore_alt;

    quote!(
        sp::make_keys(
            #key.into(),
            {
                let mut modifiers = sp::KeyboardModifiers::default();
                modifiers.alt = #alt;
                modifiers.control = #control;
                modifiers.shift = #shift;
                modifiers.meta = #meta;
                modifiers
            },
            #ignore_shift,
            #ignore_alt))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_cast(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::Cast { from, to } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let f = compile_expression(from, ctx);
    match (from.ty(ctx), to) {
        (Type::Float32, Type::Int32) => {
            quote!(((#f) as i32))
        }
        (from, Type::String) if from.as_unit_product().is_some() => {
            quote!(sp::shared_string_from_number((#f) as f64))
        }
        (Type::Float32, Type::Model) | (Type::Int32, Type::Model) => {
            quote!(sp::ModelRc::new(#f.max(::core::default::Default::default()) as usize))
        }
        (Type::Float32, Type::Color) => {
            quote!(sp::Color::from_argb_encoded((#f) as u32))
        }
        (Type::Color, Type::Brush) => {
            quote!(slint::Brush::SolidColor(#f))
        }
        (Type::Brush, Type::Color) => {
            quote!(#f.color())
        }
        (Type::Struct(lhs), Type::Struct(rhs)) => {
            debug_assert_eq!(
                lhs.fields, rhs.fields,
                "cast of struct with deferent fields should be handled before llr"
            );
            match (&lhs.name, &rhs.name) {
                (StructName::None, targetstruct) if targetstruct.is_some() => {
                    // Convert from an anonymous struct to a named one
                    let fields = lhs.fields.iter().enumerate().map(|(index, (name, _))| {
                        let index = proc_macro2::Literal::usize_unsuffixed(index);
                        let name = ident(name);
                        quote!(the_struct.#name = (obj.#index).clone() as _;)
                    });
                    let id = struct_name_to_tokens(targetstruct).unwrap();
                    quote!({ let obj = #f; let mut the_struct = #id::default(); #(#fields)* the_struct })
                }
                (sourcestruct, StructName::None) if sourcestruct.is_some() => {
                    // Convert from a named struct to an anonymous one
                    let fields = lhs.fields.keys().map(|name| ident(name));
                    quote!({ let obj = #f; (#(obj.#fields,)*) })
                }
                _ => f,
            }
        }
        (Type::Array(..), Type::PathData)
            if matches!(
                from.as_ref(),
                Expression::Array { element_ty: Type::Struct { .. }, .. }
            ) =>
        {
            let path_elements = match from.as_ref() {
                Expression::Array { element_ty: _, values, output: _ } => values
                    .iter()
                    .map(|path_elem_expr|
                        // Close{} is a struct with no fields in markup, and PathElement::Close has no fields
                        if matches!(path_elem_expr, Expression::Struct { ty, .. } if ty.fields.is_empty()) {
                            quote!(sp::PathElement::Close)
                        } else {
                            compile_expression(path_elem_expr, ctx)
                        }
                    ),
                _ => {
                    unreachable!()
                }
            };
            quote!(sp::PathData::Elements(sp::SharedVector::<_>::from_slice(&[#((#path_elements).into()),*])))
        }
        (Type::Struct { .. }, Type::PathData)
            if matches!(from.as_ref(), Expression::Struct { .. }) =>
        {
            let (events, points) = match from.as_ref() {
                Expression::Struct { ty: _, values } => (
                    compile_expression(&values["events"], ctx),
                    compile_expression(&values["points"], ctx),
                ),
                _ => {
                    unreachable!()
                }
            };
            quote!(sp::PathData::Events(sp::SharedVector::<_>::from_slice(&#events), sp::SharedVector::<_>::from_slice(&#points)))
        }
        (Type::String, Type::PathData) => {
            quote!(sp::PathData::Commands(#f))
        }
        (Type::Enumeration(e), Type::String) => {
            let cases = e.values.iter().enumerate().map(|(idx, v)| {
                let c = compile_expression(
                    &Expression::EnumerationValue(EnumerationValue {
                        value: idx,
                        enumeration: e.clone(),
                    }),
                    ctx,
                );
                let v = v.as_str();
                quote!(#c => sp::SharedString::from(#v))
            });
            quote!(match #f { #(#cases,)*  _ => sp::SharedString::default() })
        }
        (_, Type::Void) => {
            quote!({#f;})
        }
        _ => f,
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_callback_call(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::CallBackCall { callback, arguments } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let f = access_member(callback, ctx);
    let register_dep =
        access_callback_tracker(callback, ctx).map(|t| t.then(|t| quote!({ #t.get(); })));
    let a = arguments.iter().map(|a| compile_expression_to_value(a, ctx));
    if expr.ty(ctx) == Type::Void {
        f.then(|f| quote!({ #register_dep #f.call(&(#(#a as _,)*)); }))
    } else {
        f.map_or_default(|f| quote!({ #register_dep #f.call(&(#(#a as _,)*)) }))
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_function_call(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::FunctionCall { function, arguments } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let a = arguments.iter().map(|a| compile_expression_to_value(a, ctx));
    let f = access_member(function, ctx);
    if expr.ty(ctx) == Type::Void {
        f.then(|f| quote!(#f( #(#a as _),*)))
    } else {
        f.map_or_default(|f| quote!(#f( #(#a as _),*)))
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_item_member_function_call(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ItemMemberFunctionCall { function } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
    item_owner(function).map_or_default(|owner| {
        let (fun, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(function, ctx, &owner);
        quote!(#fun(#window_adapter_tokens, &#item_rc))
    })
}

/// Compile builtin-call arguments: structs are passed by reference.
fn compile_builtin_arguments(
    arguments: &[Expression],
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> Vec<TokenStream> {
    arguments
        .iter()
        .map(|a| {
            let arg = compile_expression(a, ctx);
            if matches!(a.ty(ctx), Type::Struct { .. }) { quote!(&#arg) } else { arg }
        })
        .collect()
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_extra_builtin_function_call(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ExtraBuiltinFunctionCall { function, arguments, return_ty: _ } = expr else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    let f = ident(function);
    let a = compile_builtin_arguments(arguments, ctx);
    quote! { sp::#f(#(#a as _),*) }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_array_index(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ArrayIndex { array, index } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    debug_assert!(matches!(array.ty(ctx), Type::Array(_)));
    let base_e = compile_expression(array, ctx);
    let index_e = compile_expression(index, ctx);
    quote!(match &#base_e { x => {
        let index = (#index_e) as usize;
        x.row_data_tracked(index).unwrap_or_default()
    }})
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_code_block(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::CodeBlock(sub) = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let mut body = TokenStream::new();
    for (i, e) in sub.iter().enumerate() {
        body.extend(compile_expression_no_parenthesis(e, ctx));
        if i + 1 < sub.len() && !matches!(e, Expression::StoreLocalVariable { .. }) {
            body.extend(quote!(;));
        }
    }
    quote!({ #body })
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_model_data_assignment(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ModelDataAssignment { level, value } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let value = compile_expression(value, ctx);
    let mut path = quote!(_self);
    let EvaluationScope::SubComponent(mut sc, mut par) = ctx.current_scope else { unreachable!() };
    let mut repeater_index = None;
    for _ in 0..=*level {
        let x = par.unwrap();
        par = x.parent;
        repeater_index = x.repeater_index;
        sc = x.sub_component;
        path = quote!(#path.parent.upgrade().unwrap());
    }
    let repeater_index = repeater_index.unwrap();
    let sub_component = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[sc];
    let local_reference = sub_component.repeated[repeater_index].index_prop.unwrap().into();
    let index_prop = llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level: *level, local_reference };
    let index_access = access_member(&index_prop, ctx).get_property();
    let repeater = access_component_field_offset(
        &inner_component_id(sub_component),
        &format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater_index)),
    );
    quote!(#repeater.apply_pin(#path.as_pin_ref()).model_set_row_data(#index_access as _, #value as _))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_array_index_assignment(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ArrayIndexAssignment { array, index, value } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    debug_assert!(matches!(array.ty(ctx), Type::Array(_)));
    let base_e = compile_expression(array, ctx);
    let index_e = compile_expression(index, ctx);
    let value_e = compile_expression(value, ctx);
    quote!((#base_e).set_row_data(#index_e as isize as usize, #value_e as _))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_binary_expression(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    // Long chains of binary operators, such as `a && b && c && ...`, nest on the
    // left side. Iterate that spine instead of recursing into it, so that the
    // stack depth stays bounded no matter how long the chain is.
    let mut spine = Vec::new();
    let mut node = expr;
    while let Expression::BinaryExpression { lhs, rhs, op } = node {
        spine.push((rhs, *op));
        node = lhs;
    }
    let mut result = compile_expression_to_value_no_parenthesis(node, ctx);
    let mut result_ty = node.ty(ctx);
    for (rhs, op) in spine.into_iter().rev() {
        result = compile_binary_operator(result, &result_ty, rhs, op, ctx);
        result_ty = llr::binary_expression_ty(op, || result_ty);
    }
    result
}

fn compile_binary_operator(
    lhs: TokenStream,
    lhs_ty: &Type,
    rhs: &Expression,
    op: char,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let rhs = compile_expression_to_value_no_parenthesis(rhs, ctx);

    if lhs_ty.as_unit_product().is_some() && (op == '=' || op == '!') {
        let maybe_negate = if op == '!' { quote!(!) } else { quote!() };
        quote!(#maybe_negate sp::ApproxEq::<f64>::approx_eq(&(#lhs as f64), &(#rhs as f64)))
    } else {
        let (conv1, conv2) = match crate::expression_tree::operator_class(op) {
            OperatorClass::ArithmeticOp => match lhs_ty {
                Type::String => (None, Some(quote!(.as_str()))),
                Type::Struct { .. } => (None, None),
                _ => (Some(quote!(as f64)), Some(quote!(as f64))),
            },
            OperatorClass::ComparisonOp
                if matches!(
                    lhs_ty,
                    Type::Int32
                        | Type::Float32
                        | Type::Duration
                        | Type::PhysicalLength
                        | Type::LogicalLength
                        | Type::Angle
                        | Type::Percent
                        | Type::Rem
                ) =>
            {
                (Some(quote!(as f64)), Some(quote!(as f64)))
            }
            _ => (None, None),
        };

        let op = match op {
            '=' => quote!(==),
            '!' => quote!(!=),
            '≤' => quote!(<=),
            '≥' => quote!(>=),
            '&' => quote!(&&),
            '|' => quote!(||),
            _ => proc_macro2::TokenTree::Punct(proc_macro2::Punct::new(
                op,
                proc_macro2::Spacing::Alone,
            ))
            .into(),
        };
        quote!( (((#lhs) #conv1 ) #op ((#rhs) #conv2)) )
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_image_reference(expr: &Expression) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ImageReference { resource_ref, nine_slice } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    match &nine_slice {
        Some([a, b, c, d]) => {
            quote! {{ let mut image = #resource_ref; image.set_nine_slice_edges(#a, #b, #c, #d); image }}
        }
        None => quote!(#resource_ref),
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_condition(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::Condition { condition, true_expr, false_expr } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let condition_code = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(condition, ctx);
    let true_code = compile_expression(true_expr, ctx);
    let false_code = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(false_expr, ctx);
    let semi = if false_expr.ty(ctx) == Type::Void { quote!(;) } else { quote!(as _) };
    quote!(
        if #condition_code {
            (#true_code) #semi
        } else {
            #false_code
        }
    )
}

/// Maximum number of elements an array literal constructs in one function.
/// Like [`INIT_CHUNK_SIZE`], this keeps a function body from getting too big:
/// the build time is flat up to 64 elements per chunk and explodes at 128.
const ARRAY_CHUNK_SIZE: usize = 32;

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_array(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::Array { values, element_ty, output } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let val = values.iter().map(|e| compile_expression_to_value(e, ctx));
    match output {
        ArrayOutput::Model => {
            let rust_element_ty = rust_primitive_type(element_ty).unwrap();
            let vec = if values.len() > ARRAY_CHUNK_SIZE && !is_plain_value(element_ty) {
                let len = values.len();
                let chunks = values.chunks(ARRAY_CHUNK_SIZE).map(|chunk| {
                    let val = chunk.iter().map(|e| compile_expression_to_value(e, ctx));
                    // Pushing one by one also keeps the elements out of a big stack temporary.
                    quote!(slint::private_unstable_api::build_array_chunk(|| {
                        #(_array.push(#val as _);)*
                    });)
                });
                quote!({
                    let mut _array = sp::Vec::<#rust_element_ty>::with_capacity(#len);
                    #(#chunks)*
                    _array
                })
            } else {
                quote!(sp::vec![#(#val as _),*])
            };
            quote!(sp::ModelRc::new(sp::VecModel::<#rust_element_ty>::from(#vec)))
        }
        ArrayOutput::Slice => quote!(sp::Slice::from_slice(&[#(#val),*])),
        ArrayOutput::Vector => quote!(sp::vec![#(#val as _),*]),
    }
}

/// Whether a literal array of `ty` compiles to a constant blob, which beats
/// storing the elements one by one.
/// Types that aren't listed are chunked, which is the safe direction.
fn is_plain_value(ty: &Type) -> bool {
    matches!(
        ty,
        Type::Int32
            | Type::Float32
            | Type::Bool
            | Type::Color
            | Type::Duration
            | Type::Angle
            | Type::PhysicalLength
            | Type::LogicalLength
            | Type::Rem
            | Type::Percent
            | Type::Enumeration(_)
    )
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_struct(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::Struct { ty, values } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    if ty.name.is_some() {
        let name_tokens = struct_name_to_tokens(&ty.name).unwrap();
        // A struct literal can only be used when all the fields are public, there
        // is no hidden field (like euclid's `_unit`), and the struct is not
        // `#[non_exhaustive]`. That holds for the generated user structs and for
        // the listed builtin structs.
        use crate::langtype::BuiltinStruct as BS;
        let supports_struct_literal = match &ty.name {
            StructName::User { .. } => true,
            StructName::Builtin(b) => {
                b.is_layout_data()
                    || matches!(
                        b,
                        BS::LayoutInfo
                            | BS::LayoutItemInfo
                            | BS::FlexboxLayoutItemInfo
                            | BS::FlexItemProps
                            | BS::Padding
                            | BS::PropertyAnimation
                            | BS::StateInfo
                    )
            }
            StructName::None => false,
        };
        if supports_struct_literal {
            let (keys, elem): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = ty
                .fields
                .keys()
                .filter(|k| values.contains_key(*k))
                .map(|k| (ident(k), compile_expression_to_value(&values[k], ctx)))
                .unzip();
            let default_rest = (keys.len() != ty.fields.len())
                .then(|| quote!(..::core::default::Default::default()));
            quote!(#name_tokens{#(#keys: #elem as _,)* #default_rest})
        } else {
            let elem = ty
                .fields
                .keys()
                .map(|k| values.get(k).map(|e| compile_expression_to_value(e, ctx)));
            let keys = ty.fields.keys().map(|k| ident(k));
            quote!({ let mut the_struct = #name_tokens::default(); #(the_struct.#keys = #elem as _;)* the_struct})
        }
    } else {
        let elem =
            ty.fields.keys().map(|k| values.get(k).map(|e| compile_expression_to_value(e, ctx)));
        let as_ = ty.fields.values().map(|t| {
            if t.as_unit_product().is_some() {
                // number needs to be converted to the right things because intermediate
                // result might be f64 and that's usually not what the type of the tuple is in the end
                let t = rust_primitive_type(t).unwrap();
                quote!(as #t)
            } else {
                quote!()
            }
        });
        // This will produce a tuple
        quote!((#((#elem).clone() #as_,)*))
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_linear_gradient(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::LinearGradient { angle, stops } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let angle = compile_expression(angle, ctx);
    let stops = stops.iter().map(|(color, stop)| {
        let color = compile_expression(color, ctx);
        let position = compile_expression(stop, ctx);
        quote!(sp::GradientStop{ color: #color, position: #position as _ })
    });
    quote!(slint::Brush::LinearGradient(
        sp::LinearGradientBrush::new(#angle as _, [#(#stops),*])
    ))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_radial_gradient(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::RadialGradient { center, radius, stops } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let stops = stops.iter().map(|(color, stop)| {
        let color = compile_expression(color, ctx);
        let position = compile_expression(stop, ctx);
        quote!(sp::GradientStop{ color: #color, position: #position as _ })
    });
    let brush_expr = quote!(sp::RadialGradientBrush::new_circle([#(#stops),*]));
    let brush_expr = if let Some((cx, cy)) = center {
        let cx = compile_expression(cx, ctx);
        let cy = compile_expression(cy, ctx);
        quote!(#brush_expr.with_center(#cx as f32, #cy as f32))
    } else {
        brush_expr
    };
    let brush_expr = if let Some(r) = radius {
        let r = compile_expression(r, ctx);
        quote!(#brush_expr.with_radius(#r as f32))
    } else {
        brush_expr
    };
    quote!(slint::Brush::RadialGradient(#brush_expr))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_conic_gradient(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::ConicGradient { from_angle, center, stops } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let from_angle = compile_expression(from_angle, ctx);
    let stops = stops.iter().map(|(color, stop)| {
        let color = compile_expression(color, ctx);
        let position = compile_expression(stop, ctx);
        quote!(sp::GradientStop{ color: #color, position: #position as _ })
    });
    let brush_expr = quote!(sp::ConicGradientBrush::new(#from_angle as _, [#(#stops),*]));
    let brush_expr = if let Some((cx, cy)) = center {
        let cx = compile_expression(cx, ctx);
        let cy = compile_expression(cy, ctx);
        quote!(#brush_expr.with_center(#cx as f32, #cy as f32))
    } else {
        brush_expr
    };
    quote!(slint::Brush::ConicGradient(#brush_expr))
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_layout_cache_access(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::LayoutCacheAccess {
        layout_cache_prop,
        index,
        repeater_index,
        entries_per_item,
    } = expr
    else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    access_member(layout_cache_prop, ctx).map_or_default(|cache| {
        if let Some(ri) = repeater_index {
            let offset = compile_expression(ri, ctx);
            quote!({
                let cache = #cache.get();
                *cache.get((cache[#index] as usize) + #offset as usize * #entries_per_item).unwrap_or(&(0 as _))
            })
        } else {
            quote!(#cache.get()[#index])
        }
    })
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_grid_repeater_cache_access(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::GridRepeaterCacheAccess {
        layout_cache_prop,
        index,
        repeater_index,
        stride,
        child_offset,
        inner_repeater_index,
        entries_per_item,
    } = expr
    else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    access_member(layout_cache_prop, ctx).map_or_default(|cache| {
        let offset = compile_expression(repeater_index, ctx);
        let stride_val = compile_expression(stride, ctx);
        let inner_offset = inner_repeater_index.as_ref().map(|inner_ri| {
            let inner_offset = compile_expression(inner_ri, ctx);
            quote!(+ #inner_offset as usize * #entries_per_item)
        });

        quote!({
            let cache = #cache.get();
            cache.get(#index)
                .and_then(|base| cache.get(*base as usize + #offset as usize * (#stride_val as usize) + #child_offset #inner_offset))
                .copied()
                .unwrap_or(0 as _)
        })
    })
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_min_max(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::MinMax { ty, op, lhs, rhs } = expr else { unreachable!() };
    let lhs = compile_expression(lhs, ctx);
    let t = rust_primitive_type(ty);
    let (lhs, rhs) = match t {
        Some(t) => {
            let rhs = compile_expression(rhs, ctx);
            (quote!((#lhs as #t)), quote!(#rhs as #t))
        }
        None => {
            let rhs = compile_expression_no_parenthesis(rhs, ctx);
            (lhs, rhs)
        }
    };
    match op {
        MinMaxOp::Min => {
            quote!(#lhs.min(#rhs))
        }
        MinMaxOp::Max => {
            quote!(#lhs.max(#rhs))
        }
    }
}

#[inline(never)]
fn compile_translation_reference(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    let Expression::TranslationReference { format_args, string_index, plural } = expr else {
        unreachable!()
    };
    let args = compile_expression(format_args, ctx);
    match plural {
        Some(plural) => {
            let plural = compile_expression(plural, ctx);
            quote!(sp::translate_from_bundle_with_plural(
                &self::_SLINT_TRANSLATED_STRINGS_PLURALS[#string_index],
                &self::_SLINT_TRANSLATED_PLURAL_RULES,
                sp::Slice::<sp::SharedString>::from(#args).as_slice(),
                #plural as _
            ))
        }
        None => {
            quote!(sp::translate_from_bundle(&self::_SLINT_TRANSLATED_STRINGS[#string_index], sp::Slice::<sp::SharedString>::from(#args).as_slice()))
        }
    }
}

fn struct_field_access(s: &Struct, name: &str) -> proc_macro2::TokenTree {
    if s.name.is_none() {
        let index = s
            .fields
            .keys()
            .position(|k| k == name)
            .expect("Expression::StructFieldAccess: Cannot find a key in an object");
        proc_macro2::Literal::usize_unsuffixed(index).into()
    } else {
        ident(name).into()
    }
}

fn compile_builtin_function_call(
    function: BuiltinFunction,
    arguments: &[Expression],
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let mut a = arguments.iter().map(|a| compile_expression_to_value(a, ctx));
    match function {
        BuiltinFunction::SetFocusItem => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr)] = arguments {
                let window_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
                item_owner(pr).then(|owner| {
                    let (_, focus_item) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_tokens.window()).set_focus_item(&#focus_item, true, sp::FocusReason::Programmatic))
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to SetFocusItem {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ClearFocusItem => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr)] = arguments {
                let window_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
                item_owner(pr).then(|owner| {
                    let (_, focus_item) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_tokens.window()).set_focus_item(&#focus_item, false, sp::FocusReason::Programmatic))
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ClearFocusItem {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ShowPopupWindow => {
            // `owner_ref` is the popup's declaring component (its `popup_id` and scope);
            // `anchor_ref` is the parent item for positioning.
            if let [
                Expression::NumberLiteral(popup_index),
                close_policy,
                Expression::PropertyReference(owner_ref),
                Expression::PropertyReference(anchor_ref),
                is_open_args @ ..,
            ] = arguments
            {
                let mut component_access_tokens = MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(_self));
                let llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, local_reference } = owner_ref
                else {
                    unreachable!()
                };
                for _ in 0..*parent_level {
                    component_access_tokens = match component_access_tokens {
                        MemberAccess::Option(token_stream) => MemberAccess::Option(
                            quote!(#token_stream.and_then(|a| a.as_pin_ref().parent.upgrade())),
                        ),
                        MemberAccess::Direct(token_stream) => {
                            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#token_stream.parent.upgrade()))
                        }
                        _ => unreachable!(),
                    };
                }
                let (suffix, _) = follow_sub_component_path_fields(
                    ctx.compilation_unit,
                    ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                    &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                );
                ctx.with_reference_scope(
                    *parent_level,
                    &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                    |parent_ctx| {
                let popup = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[parent_ctx.sub_component]
                    .popup_windows[*popup_index as usize];
                let popup_window_id =
                    inner_component_id(&ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[popup.item_tree.root]);
                let popup_ctx = EvaluationContext::new_sub_component(
                    ctx.compilation_unit,
                    popup.item_tree.root,
                    RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
                    Some(&parent_ctx),
                );
                let position = compile_expression(&popup.position.borrow(), &popup_ctx);
                let close_policy = compile_expression(close_policy, ctx);
                let popup_id_name = internal_popup_id(*popup_index as usize);
                let window_kind = if popup.is_tooltip {
                    quote!(sp::WindowKind::ToolTip)
                } else {
                    quote!(sp::WindowKind::Popup)
                };
                let globals_init = quote! {
                    if let Some(popup_window_adapter) = window.create_child_window_adapter(#window_kind) {
                        shared_global.clone_with_window_adapter(popup_window_adapter)
                    } else {
                        shared_global.clone()
                    }
                };
                // The optional 4th argument is a property reference to the synthesized `is-open`,
                // mapped in this show call's own frame (see lower_show_popup_window), so it resolves
                // directly against `ctx`/`_self`, exactly like `parent_ref`.
                let is_open_set_expr = is_open_args.first().map(|arg| {
                    let Expression::PropertyReference(is_open_ref) = arg else {
                        unreachable!(
                            "ShowPopupWindow is-open argument must be a property reference"
                        )
                    };
                    access_member(is_open_ref, ctx).then(|p| quote!(#p.set(value)))
                });
                item_owner(anchor_ref).then_named("anchor_owner", |owner| {
                    let (_, parent_item) = native_item_from_owner(anchor_ref, ctx, &owner);
                    component_access_tokens.then(|component_access_tokens| {
                    let compo = quote!(#component_access_tokens #suffix);
                    // Keep the parent's `is-open` in sync: `show_popup` invokes this setter with `true`
                    // immediately and with `false` from every close path (see window.rs). Passing it
                    // directly into `show_popup` avoids an extra registration call and a second popup
                    // lookup. Menus and `is-open`-less popups get a no-op setter.
                    let (is_open_self_weak_decl, is_open_setter) = match &is_open_set_expr {
                        Some(set_expr) => (
                            quote!(let is_open_self_weak = _self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone();),
                            quote! {
                                sp::Box::new(move |value: bool| {
                                    if let Some(is_open_self) = is_open_self_weak.upgrade() {
                                        let _self = is_open_self.as_pin_ref();
                                        #set_expr
                                    }
                                })
                            },
                        ),
                        None => (quote!(), quote!(sp::Box::new(|_| {}))),
                    };
                    quote!({
                        let parent_item = &#parent_item;
                        // Use the newly created window adapter if we are able to create one. Otherwise use the parent's one
                        let shared_global = #compo.globals.get().unwrap();
                        let window_adapter = shared_global.window_adapter_impl();
                        let window = sp::WindowInner::from_pub(window_adapter.window());
                        let globals = #globals_init;

                        let popup_instance = #popup_window_id::new(#compo.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone(), globals).unwrap();
                        let popup_instance_vrc = sp::VRc::map(popup_instance.clone(), |x| x);
                        if let Some(current_id) = #compo.#popup_id_name.take() {
                            window.close_popup(current_id);
                        }

                        let popup_instance_vrc_for_position = popup_instance_vrc.clone();
                        let access_position = sp::Box::new(move || {
                            let _self = popup_instance_vrc_for_position.as_pin_ref(); #position
                        });

                        #is_open_self_weak_decl
                        let popup_id = window.show_popup(
                            &sp::VRc::into_dyn(popup_instance.into()),
                            access_position,
                            #close_policy,
                            parent_item,
                            #window_kind,
                            #is_open_setter,
                        );
                        #compo.#popup_id_name.set(Some(popup_id));
                        #popup_window_id::user_init(popup_instance_vrc.clone());
                    })
                    })
                })
                    },
                )
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ShowPopupWindow {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ClosePopupWindow => {
            if let [
                Expression::NumberLiteral(popup_index),
                Expression::PropertyReference(parent_ref),
            ] = arguments
            {
                let mut component_access_tokens = MemberAccess::Direct(quote!(_self));
                let llr::MemberReference::Relative { parent_level, local_reference } = parent_ref
                else {
                    unreachable!()
                };
                for _ in 0..*parent_level {
                    component_access_tokens = match component_access_tokens {
                        MemberAccess::Option(token_stream) => MemberAccess::Option(
                            quote!(#token_stream.and_then(|a| a.parent.upgrade())),
                        ),
                        MemberAccess::Direct(token_stream) => {
                            MemberAccess::Option(quote!(#token_stream.parent.upgrade()))
                        }
                        _ => unreachable!(),
                    };
                }
                let (suffix, _) = follow_sub_component_path_fields(
                    ctx.compilation_unit,
                    ctx.parent_sub_component_idx(*parent_level).unwrap(),
                    &local_reference.sub_component_path,
                );
                let popup_id_name = internal_popup_id(*popup_index as usize);
                let current_id_tokens = match component_access_tokens {
                    MemberAccess::Option(token_stream) => quote!(
                        #token_stream.and_then(|a| a.as_pin_ref() #suffix.#popup_id_name.take().map(|id| (a.as_pin_ref() #suffix.globals.get().unwrap().clone(), id)))
                    ),
                    MemberAccess::Direct(token_stream) => {
                        quote!(#token_stream.as_ref() #suffix.#popup_id_name.take().map(|id|(#token_stream.as_ref() #suffix.globals.get().unwrap().clone(), id)))
                    }
                    _ => unreachable!(),
                };
                quote!(
                    if let Some((globals, current_id)) = #current_id_tokens {
                        sp::WindowInner::from_pub(globals.window_adapter_impl().window()).close_popup(current_id);
                    }
                )
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ClosePopupWindow {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ShowPopupMenu | BuiltinFunction::ShowPopupMenuInternal => {
            let [Expression::PropertyReference(context_menu_ref), entries, position] = arguments
            else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ShowPopupMenu {arguments:?}")
            };

            let context_menu = access_member(context_menu_ref, ctx);
            let position = compile_expression(position, ctx);

            let popup = ctx
                .compilation_unit
                .popup_menu
                .as_ref()
                .expect("there should be a popup menu if we want to show it");
            let popup_id =
                inner_component_id(&ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[popup.item_tree.root]);
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);

            let popup_ctx = EvaluationContext::new_sub_component(
                ctx.compilation_unit,
                popup.item_tree.root,
                RustGeneratorContext { global_access: quote!(_self.globals()) },
                None,
            );
            let access_entries = access_member(&popup.entries, &popup_ctx).unwrap();
            let access_sub_menu = access_member(&popup.sub_menu, &popup_ctx).unwrap();
            let access_activated = access_member(&popup.activated, &popup_ctx).unwrap();
            let access_close = access_member(&popup.close, &popup_ctx).unwrap();

            let close_popup = context_menu.clone().then(|context_menu| quote!{
                if let Some(current_id) = #context_menu.popup_id.take() {
                    sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).close_popup(current_id);
                }
            });

            let set_id = context_menu
                .clone()
                .then(|context_menu| quote!(#context_menu.popup_id.set(Some(id))));
            item_owner(context_menu_ref).then_named("context_menu_owner", |owner| {
                let (_, context_menu_rc) = native_item_from_owner(context_menu_ref, ctx, &owner);
                let slint_show = quote! {
                    #close_popup
                    let access_position = sp::Box::new(move || position);
                    let id = sp::WindowInner::from_pub(window_adapter.window()).show_popup(
                        &sp::VRc::into_dyn(popup_instance.into()),
                        access_position,
                        sp::PopupClosePolicy::CloseOnClickOutside,
                        &#context_menu_rc,
                        sp::WindowKind::Menu,
                        sp::Box::new(|_| {}),
                    );
                    #set_id;
                    #popup_id::user_init(popup_instance_vrc);
                };

                let common_init = quote! {
                    let position = #position;
                    let popup_instance = #popup_id::new(_self.globals.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap();
                    let popup_instance_vrc = sp::VRc::map(popup_instance.clone(), |x| x);
                    let parent_weak = _self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone();
                    let window_adapter = #window_adapter_tokens;
                };

                if let Expression::NumberLiteral(tree_index) = entries {
                    // We have an MenuItem tree
                    let current_sub_component = ctx.current_sub_component().unwrap();
                    let item_tree_id = inner_component_id(
                        &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components
                            [current_sub_component.menu_item_trees[*tree_index as usize].root],
                    );
                    quote! {{
                        #common_init
                        let menu_item_tree_instance = #item_tree_id::new(_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap();
                        let context_menu_item_tree = sp::VRc::new(sp::MenuFromItemTree::new(sp::VRc::into_dyn(menu_item_tree_instance)));
                        let context_menu_item_tree_ = context_menu_item_tree.clone();
                        {
                            let mut entries = sp::SharedVector::default();
                            sp::Menu::sub_menu(&*context_menu_item_tree, sp::Option::None, &mut entries);
                            let _self = popup_instance_vrc.as_pin_ref();
                            #access_entries.set(sp::ModelRc::new(sp::SharedVectorModel::from(entries)));
                            let context_menu_item_tree = context_menu_item_tree_.clone();
                            #access_sub_menu.set_handler(move |entry| {
                                let mut entries = sp::SharedVector::default();
                                sp::Menu::sub_menu(&*context_menu_item_tree, sp::Option::Some(&entry.0), &mut entries);
                                sp::ModelRc::new(sp::SharedVectorModel::from(entries))
                            });
                            let context_menu_item_tree = context_menu_item_tree_.clone();
                            #access_activated.set_handler(move |entry| {
                                sp::Menu::activate(&*context_menu_item_tree_, &entry.0);
                            });
                            let self_weak = parent_weak.clone();
                            #access_close.set_handler(move |()| {
                                let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() else { return };
                                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                                #close_popup
                            });
                        }
                        let context_menu_item_tree = sp::VRc::into_dyn(context_menu_item_tree);
                        if !sp::WindowInner::from_pub(window_adapter.window()).show_native_popup_menu(context_menu_item_tree, position, &#context_menu_rc) {
                            #slint_show
                        }
                    }}
                } else {
                    // ShowPopupMenuInternal: entries should be an expression of type array of MenuEntry
                    debug_assert!(
                        matches!(entries.ty(ctx), Type::Array(ty) if matches!(&*ty, Type::Struct{..}))
                    );
                    let entries = compile_expression(entries, ctx);
                    let forward_callback = |access, cb| {
                        let call = context_menu
                            .clone()
                            .map_or_default(|context_menu| quote!(#context_menu.#cb.call(entry)));
                        quote!(
                            let self_weak = parent_weak.clone();
                            #access.set_handler(move |entry| {
                                if let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() {
                                    let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                                    #call
                                } else { ::core::default::Default::default() }
                            });
                        )
                    };
                    let fw_sub_menu = forward_callback(access_sub_menu.clone(), quote!(sub_menu));
                    let fw_activated =
                        forward_callback(access_activated.clone(), quote!(activated));
                    quote! {{
                        #common_init
                        let entries = #entries;
                        {
                            let _self = popup_instance_vrc.as_pin_ref();
                            #access_entries.set(entries.clone());
                            #fw_sub_menu
                            #fw_activated
                            let self_weak = parent_weak.clone();
                            #access_close.set_handler(move |()| {
                                let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() else { return };
                                let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                                #close_popup
                            });
                        }
                        #slint_show
                    }}
                }
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::SetSelectionOffsets => {
            if let [llr::Expression::PropertyReference(pr), anchor_expr, focus_expr] = arguments {
                let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
                let anchor = compile_expression(anchor_expr, ctx);
                let focus = compile_expression(focus_expr, ctx);

                item_owner(pr).then(|owner| {
                    let (item, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!(
                        #item.set_selection_offsets(#window_adapter_tokens, &#item_rc, #anchor as i32, #focus as i32)
                    )
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to set-selection-offsets {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ItemFontMetrics => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr)] = arguments {
                let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
                item_owner(pr).map_or_default(|owner| {
                    let (item, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!(
                        #item.font_metrics(#window_adapter_tokens, &#item_rc)
                    )
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ItemMemberFunction {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ImplicitLayoutInfo(orient) => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr), constraint_expr] = arguments {
                let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
                let constraint = compile_expression(constraint_expr, ctx);
                item_owner(pr).map_or_default(|owner| {
                    let (item, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!(
                        sp::Item::layout_info(#item, #orient, #constraint as _, #window_adapter_tokens, &#item_rc)
                    )
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to ImplicitLayoutInfo {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::RegisterCustomFontByPath => {
            if let [Expression::StringLiteral(path)] = arguments {
                let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
                let path = path.as_str();
                // The `?` requires the enclosing generated function to return `Result`: font
                // registration is only emitted in `init()`, which does.
                quote!(#global_access.window_adapter_ref()?.renderer().register_font_from_path(&std::path::PathBuf::from(#path)).unwrap())
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to RegisterCustomFontByPath {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::RegisterCustomFontByMemory => {
            if let [Expression::NumberLiteral(resource_id)] = &arguments {
                let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
                let resource_id: usize = *resource_id as _;
                let symbol = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}", resource_id);
                quote!(#global_access.window_adapter_ref()?.renderer().register_font_from_memory(#symbol.into()).unwrap())
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to RegisterCustomFontByMemory {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::RegisterBitmapFont => {
            if let [Expression::NumberLiteral(resource_id)] = &arguments {
                let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
                let resource_id: usize = *resource_id as _;
                let symbol = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}", resource_id);
                quote!(#global_access.window_adapter_ref()?.renderer().register_bitmap_font(&#symbol))
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to RegisterBitmapFont must be a number")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::GetWindowScaleFactor => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).scale_factor())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::GetWindowDefaultFontSize => {
            quote!(
                sp::WindowItem::resolved_default_font_size(sp::VRcMapped::origin(
                    &_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().upgrade().unwrap()
                ))
                .get()
            )
        }
        BuiltinFunction::AnimationTick => {
            quote!(sp::animation_tick())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Debug => quote!(slint::private_unstable_api::debug(#(#a)*)),
        BuiltinFunction::DefaultWindowTitle => quote!(sp::default_window_title()),
        BuiltinFunction::DecimalSeparator => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::SharedString::from(
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window())
                    .context()
                    .locale_decimal_separator()
            ))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Mod => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::Euclid::rem_euclid(&(#a1 as f64), &(#a2 as f64)))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Round => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).round()),
        BuiltinFunction::Ceil => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).ceil()),
        BuiltinFunction::Floor => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).floor()),
        BuiltinFunction::Sqrt => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).sqrt()),
        BuiltinFunction::Abs => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).abs()),
        BuiltinFunction::Sin => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).to_radians().sin()),
        BuiltinFunction::Cos => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).to_radians().cos()),
        BuiltinFunction::Tan => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).to_radians().tan()),
        BuiltinFunction::ASin => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).asin().to_degrees()),
        BuiltinFunction::ACos => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).acos().to_degrees()),
        BuiltinFunction::ATan => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).atan().to_degrees()),
        BuiltinFunction::ATan2 => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!((#a1 as f64).atan2(#a2 as f64).to_degrees())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Log => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!((#a1 as f64).log(#a2 as f64))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Ln => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).ln()),
        BuiltinFunction::Pow => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!((#a1 as f64).powf(#a2 as f64))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Exp => quote!((#(#a)* as f64).exp()),
        BuiltinFunction::ToFixed => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::shared_string_from_number_fixed(#a1 as f64, (#a2 as i32).max(0) as usize))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ToPrecision => {
            let (a1, a2) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::shared_string_from_number_precision(#a1 as f64, (#a2 as i32).max(0) as usize))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ToStringUnlocalized => {
            let a1 = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(sp::shared_string_from_number_unlocalized(#a1 as f64))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringToFloat => {
            quote!(sp::string_to_float(#(#a)*.as_str()).unwrap_or_default())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringIsFloat => quote!(sp::string_to_float(#(#a)*.as_str()).is_some()),
        BuiltinFunction::StringIsEmpty => quote!(#(#a)*.is_empty()),
        BuiltinFunction::StringCharacterCount => {
            quote!( sp::UnicodeSegmentation::graphemes(#(#a)*.as_str(), true).count() as i32 )
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringToLowercase => quote!(sp::SharedString::from(#(#a)*.to_lowercase())),
        BuiltinFunction::StringToUppercase => quote!(sp::SharedString::from(#(#a)*.to_uppercase())),
        BuiltinFunction::StringStartsWith => {
            let (s, pat) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(#s.starts_with(#pat.as_str()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringEndsWith => {
            let (s, pat) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(#s.ends_with(#pat.as_str()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringReplaceAll => {
            let (s, from, to) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::shared_string_replace_all(&#s, #from.as_str(), #to.as_str()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::KeysToString => quote!(sp::ToSharedString::to_shared_string(&#(#a)*)),
        BuiltinFunction::ColorRgbaStruct => quote!( #(#a)*.to_argb_u8()),
        BuiltinFunction::ColorHsvaStruct => quote!( #(#a)*.to_hsva()),
        BuiltinFunction::ColorOklchStruct => quote!( #(#a)*.to_oklch()),
        BuiltinFunction::ColorBrighter => {
            let x = a.next().unwrap();
            let factor = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(#x.brighter(#factor as f32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorDarker => {
            let x = a.next().unwrap();
            let factor = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(#x.darker(#factor as f32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorTransparentize => {
            let x = a.next().unwrap();
            let factor = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(#x.transparentize(#factor as f32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorMix => {
            let x = a.next().unwrap();
            let y = a.next().unwrap();
            let factor = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(#x.mix(&#y.into(), #factor as f32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorWithAlpha => {
            let x = a.next().unwrap();
            let alpha = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(#x.with_alpha(#alpha as f32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ImageSize => quote!( #(#a)*.size()),
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayLength => {
            quote!(match &#(#a)* { x => {
                x.model_tracker().track_row_count_changes();
                x.row_count() as i32
            }})
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayPush => {
            let model = a.next().unwrap();
            let value = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!({
                let model = &#model;
                let value = #value;
                sp::report_model_error("push", None, model.push_row(value));
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayRemove => {
            let model = a.next().unwrap();
            let index = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!({
                let model = &#model;
                let result = match usize::try_from(#index) {
                    Ok(index) => model.remove_row(index),
                    Err(_) => Err(sp::ModelError::out_of_bounds(model.row_count())),
                };
                sp::report_model_error("remove", None, result);
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayInsert => {
            let model = a.next().unwrap();
            let index = a.next().unwrap();
            let value = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!({
                let model = &#model;
                let index = #index;
                let value = #value;
                let result = match usize::try_from(index) {
                    Ok(index) => model.insert_row(index, value),
                    Err(_) => Err(sp::ModelError::out_of_bounds(model.row_count())),
                };
                sp::report_model_error("insert", None, result);
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Rgb => {
            let (r, g, b, a) =
                (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!({
                let r: u8 = (#r as u32).min(255) as u8;
                let g: u8 = (#g as u32).min(255) as u8;
                let b: u8 = (#b as u32).min(255) as u8;
                let a: u8 = (255. * (#a as f32)).max(0.).min(255.) as u8;
                sp::Color::from_argb_u8(a, r, g, b)
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Hsv => {
            let (h, s, v, a) =
                (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!({
                let s: f32 = (#s as f32).max(0.).min(1.) as f32;
                let v: f32 = (#v as f32).max(0.).min(1.) as f32;
                let a: f32 = (1. * (#a as f32)).max(0.).min(1.) as f32;
                sp::Color::from_hsva(#h as f32, s, v, a)
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Oklch => {
            let (l, c, h, alpha) =
                (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!({
                let l: f32 = (#l as f32).max(0.).min(1.) as f32;
                let c: f32 = (#c as f32).max(0.) as f32;
                let alpha: f32 = (#alpha as f32).max(0.).min(1.) as f32;
                sp::Color::from_oklch(l, c, #h as f32, alpha)
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorScheme => {
            // A `Palette.color-scheme` binding inside a SystemTrayIcon-rooted component
            // resolves against the tray's own scheme; everything else falls back to the
            // process-wide value held by the SlintContext.
            let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
            quote!({
                let _root = #global_access.root_item_tree_weak.upgrade().unwrap();
                sp::context_for_root(&_root)
                    .map_or(sp::ColorScheme::Unknown, |c| c.color_scheme(Some(&_root)))
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::AccentColor => {
            let global_access = &ctx.generator_state.global_access;
            quote!(sp::accent_color(&#global_access.root_item_tree_weak.upgrade().unwrap()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::SupportsNativeMenuBar => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).supports_native_menu_bar())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::SetupMenuBar => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            let [
                Expression::PropertyReference(entries_r),
                Expression::PropertyReference(sub_menu_r),
                Expression::PropertyReference(activated_r),
                Expression::NumberLiteral(tree_index),
                Expression::BoolLiteral(no_native),
                condition,
                visible,
                ..,
            ] = arguments
            else {
                panic!("internal error: incorrect arguments to SetupMenuBar")
            };

            // We have an MenuItem tree
            let current_sub_component = ctx.current_sub_component().unwrap();
            let item_tree_id = inner_component_id(
                &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components
                    [current_sub_component.menu_item_trees[*tree_index as usize].root],
            );

            let access_entries = access_member(entries_r, ctx).unwrap();
            let access_sub_menu = access_member(sub_menu_r, ctx).unwrap();
            let access_activated = access_member(activated_r, ctx).unwrap();

            let compile_prop = |prop_expr: &Expression| {
                let binding = compile_expression(prop_expr, ctx);
                quote!({
                    let self_weak = _self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone();
                    move || {
                        let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() else { return false };
                        let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                        #binding
                    }
                })
            };

            let condition_tokens = compile_prop(condition);
            let visible_tokens = compile_prop(visible);

            let native_impl = {
                let menu_from_item_tree = quote!(sp::VRc::new(sp::MenuFromItemTree::new_with_condition_and_visible(sp::VRc::into_dyn(menu_item_tree_instance), #condition_tokens, #visible_tokens)));
                if *no_native {
                    quote!(let menu_item_tree = #menu_from_item_tree;)
                } else {
                    quote! {
                        let menu_item_tree = #menu_from_item_tree;
                        if sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).supports_native_menu_bar() {
                            let menu_item_tree_dyn = sp::VRc::into_dyn(sp::VRc::clone(&menu_item_tree));
                            sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).setup_menubar(menu_item_tree_dyn);
                        }
                    }
                }
            };

            quote!({
                let menu_item_tree_instance = #item_tree_id::new(_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap();
                #native_impl
                // These handlers keep the menu item tree alive on the component; the native menu bar
                // holds only a weak reference to it.
                {
                    let menu_item_tree_ = sp::VRc::clone(&menu_item_tree);
                    #access_entries.set_binding(move || {
                        let mut entries = sp::SharedVector::default();
                        sp::VRc::borrow(&menu_item_tree_).sub_menu(sp::Option::None, &mut entries);
                        sp::ModelRc::new(sp::SharedVectorModel::from(entries))
                    });
                    let menu_item_tree_ = sp::VRc::clone(&menu_item_tree);
                    #access_sub_menu.set_handler(move |entry| {
                        let mut entries = sp::SharedVector::default();
                        sp::VRc::borrow(&menu_item_tree_).sub_menu(sp::Option::Some(&entry.0), &mut entries);
                        sp::ModelRc::new(sp::SharedVectorModel::from(entries))
                    });
                    let menu_item_tree_ = menu_item_tree.clone();
                    #access_activated.set_handler(move |entry| {
                        sp::VRc::borrow(&menu_item_tree_).activate(&entry.0);
                    });
                }
                sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window())
                    .setup_menubar_shortcuts(sp::VRc::into_dyn(menu_item_tree));
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::SetupSystemTrayIcon => {
            let [
                Expression::PropertyReference(system_tray_ref),
                Expression::NumberLiteral(tree_index),
                rest @ ..,
            ] = arguments
            else {
                panic!("internal error: incorrect arguments to SetupSystemTrayIcon")
            };

            let current_sub_component = ctx.current_sub_component().unwrap();
            let item_tree_id = inner_component_id(
                &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components
                    [current_sub_component.menu_item_trees[*tree_index as usize].root],
            );

            let system_tray = access_member(system_tray_ref, ctx).unwrap();
            let (_, system_tray_rc) = native_item_from_owner(system_tray_ref, ctx, &quote!(_self));

            // `if cond : Menu { ... }` lowers the condition into a closure that
            // gates the menu's shadow tree.
            let condition_tokens = if let Some(condition) = rest.first() {
                let binding = compile_expression(condition, ctx);
                quote!({
                    let self_weak = _self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone();
                    move || {
                        let Some(self_rc) = self_weak.upgrade() else { return false };
                        let _self = self_rc.as_pin_ref();
                        #binding
                    }
                })
            } else {
                quote!(|| true)
            };

            let menu_from_item_tree = quote!(sp::MenuFromItemTree::new_with_condition_and_visible(
                sp::VRc::into_dyn(menu_item_tree_instance),
                #condition_tokens,
                || true
            ));

            quote!({
                let menu_item_tree_instance = #item_tree_id::new(_self.self_weak.get().unwrap().clone()).unwrap();
                let menu_vrc = sp::VRc::into_dyn(sp::VRc::new(#menu_from_item_tree));
                #system_tray.set_menu(&#system_tray_rc, menu_vrc);
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::MonthDayCount => {
            let (m, y) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::month_day_count(#m as u32, #y as i32).unwrap_or(0))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::MonthOffset => {
            let (m, y) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::month_offset(#m as u32, #y as i32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::FormatDate => {
            let (f, d, m, y) =
                (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::format_date(&#f, #d as u32, #m as u32, #y as i32))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ValidDate => {
            let (d, f) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::parse_date(#d.as_str(), #f.as_str()).is_some())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ParseDate => {
            let (d, f) = (a.next().unwrap(), a.next().unwrap());
            quote!(sp::ModelRc::new(sp::parse_date(#d.as_str(), #f.as_str()).map(|d| sp::VecModel::from_slice(&d)).unwrap_or_default()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::DateNow => {
            quote!(sp::ModelRc::new(sp::VecModel::from_slice(&sp::date_now())))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::TextInputFocused => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).text_input_focused())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::SetTextInputFocused => {
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::WindowInner::from_pub(#window_adapter_tokens.window()).set_text_input_focused(#(#a)*))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Translate => {
            quote!(slint::private_unstable_api::translate(#((#a) as _),*))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::Use24HourFormat => {
            quote!(slint::private_unstable_api::use_24_hour_format())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ItemAbsolutePosition => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr)] = arguments {
                item_owner(pr).map_or_default(|owner| {
                    let (_, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!({
                        let item_rc = #item_rc;
                        sp::logical_position_to_api(item_rc.map_to_window(item_rc.geometry().origin))
                    })
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to MapPointToWindow {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::UpdateTimers => {
            quote!(_self.update_timers())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::DetectOperatingSystem => {
            quote!(sp::detect_operating_system())
        }
        // start and stop are unreachable because they are lowered to simple assignment of running
        BuiltinFunction::StartTimer => unreachable!(),
        BuiltinFunction::StopTimer => unreachable!(),
        BuiltinFunction::RestartTimer => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr)] = arguments {
                access_member(pr, ctx).then(|timer| quote!(#timer.restart()))
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to RestartTimer {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::OpenUrl => {
            let url = a.next().unwrap();
            let window_adapter_tokens = access_window_adapter_field(ctx);
            quote!(sp::open_url(&#url, #window_adapter_tokens.window()).is_ok())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::MacosBringAllWindowsToFront => {
            quote!(sp::macos_bring_all_windows_to_front())
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ParseMarkdown => {
            let format_string = a.next().unwrap();
            let args = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(sp::parse_markdown(&#format_string, &#args))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::StringToStyledText => {
            let string = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(sp::string_to_styled_text(#string.to_string()))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ColorToStyledText => {
            let color = a.next().unwrap();
            quote!(sp::color_to_styled_text(#color))
        }
        BuiltinFunction::PathPointAt => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr), t] = arguments {
                let t = compile_expression(t, ctx);
                item_owner(pr).map_or_default(|owner| {
                    let (_, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!({
                        let item_rc = #item_rc;
                        sp::logical_position_to_api(
                            item_rc
                                .downcast::<sp::Path>()
                                .unwrap()
                                .as_pin_ref()
                                .point_at(&item_rc, #t as f32),
                        )
                    })
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to PathPointAt {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::PathAngleAt => {
            if let [Expression::PropertyReference(pr), t] = arguments {
                let t = compile_expression(t, ctx);
                item_owner(pr).map_or_default(|owner| {
                    let (_, item_rc) = native_item_from_owner(pr, ctx, &owner);
                    quote!({
                        let item_rc = #item_rc;
                        item_rc
                            .downcast::<sp::Path>()
                            .unwrap()
                            .as_pin_ref()
                            .angle_at(&item_rc, #t as f32)
                    })
                })
            } else {
                panic!("internal error: invalid args to PathAngleAt {arguments:?}")
            }
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayAny => {
            let arr_expression = compile_expression_to_value(&arguments[0], ctx);
            let Expression::Closure { arg_name, expression } = &arguments[1] else {
                panic!("internal error: ArrayAny expects a closure as second argument")
            };
            let arg_name = ident(arg_name);
            let closure_expression = compile_expression(expression, ctx);
            quote!({
                let arr = #arr_expression;
                sp::model_any(&arr, |#arg_name| -> bool { #closure_expression })
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayAll => {
            let arr_expression = compile_expression_to_value(&arguments[0], ctx);
            let Expression::Closure { arg_name, expression } = &arguments[1] else {
                panic!("internal error: ArrayAll expects a closure as second argument")
            };
            let arg_name = ident(arg_name);
            let closure_expression = compile_expression(expression, ctx);
            quote!({
                let arr = #arr_expression;
                sp::model_all(&arr, |#arg_name| -> bool { #closure_expression })
            })
        }
        BuiltinFunction::ArrayFindIndex => {
            let arr_expression = compile_expression_to_value(&arguments[0], ctx);
            let Expression::Closure { arg_name, expression } = &arguments[1] else {
                panic!("internal error: ArrayFindIndex expects a closure as second argument")
            };
            let arg_name = ident(arg_name);
            let closure_expression = compile_expression(expression, ctx);
            quote!({
                let arr = #arr_expression;
                sp::model_find_index(&arr, |#arg_name| -> bool { #closure_expression })
            })
        }
    }
}

fn struct_name_to_tokens(name: &StructName) -> Option<proc_macro2::TokenStream> {
    match name {
        StructName::None => None,
        StructName::User { name, .. } => Some(proc_macro2::TokenTree::from(ident(name)).into()),
        StructName::Builtin(builtin_struct) => {
            let name: &'static str = builtin_struct.into();
            let name = format_ident!("{}", name);
            match builtin_struct {
                crate::langtype::BuiltinStruct::Color
                | crate::langtype::BuiltinStruct::LogicalPosition
                | crate::langtype::BuiltinStruct::LogicalSize => Some(quote!(slint::#name)),
                s if s.is_public() => Some(quote!(slint::language::#name)),
                _ => Some(quote!(sp::#name)),
            }
        }
    }
}

fn generate_common_repeater_code(
    // Which repeater this is about
    repeater_index: llr::RepeatedElementIdx,
    // If not set, we're only going over repeaters and calling a function on repeated items
    // If set, we're also generating code to fill in this "repeated indices" array
    repeated_indices_var_name: &Option<Ident>,
    // ... which currently has this size, so this is where we'll write
    repeated_indices_size: &mut usize,
    // ... and this "repeater steps" array (number of items in repeated rows)
    repeater_steps_var_name: &Option<Ident>,
    repeater_count_code: &mut TokenStream,
    // The name of the items vector to use for measuring length (e.g., "items_vec" or "items_vec_h")
    items_vec_name: &str,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> (TokenStream, Option<usize>) {
    let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater_index));
    let inner_component_id = self::inner_component_id(ctx.current_sub_component().unwrap());
    *repeater_count_code = quote!(#repeater_count_code + _self.#repeater_id.len());

    let items_vec_ident = ident(items_vec_name);
    let mut repeater_code = quote!(
        #inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#repeater_id().apply_pin(_self).track_instance_changes();
    );
    let mut rs_idx_for_init = None;
    if let Some(ri) = repeated_indices_var_name {
        let ri_idx = *repeated_indices_size;
        repeater_code = quote!(
            #repeater_code
            #ri[#ri_idx] = #items_vec_ident.len() as u32;
            #ri[#ri_idx + 1] = _self.#repeater_id.len() as u32;
        );
        *repeated_indices_size += 2;
        if repeater_steps_var_name.is_some() {
            rs_idx_for_init = Some(ri_idx / 2);
        }
    }

    (repeater_code, rs_idx_for_init)
}

fn generate_common_repeater_indices_init_code(
    repeated_indices_var_name: &Option<Ident>,
    repeated_indices_size: usize,
    repeater_steps_var_name: &Option<Ident>,
) -> TokenStream {
    if let Some(ri) = repeated_indices_var_name {
        let rs_init = if let Some(rs) = repeater_steps_var_name {
            quote!(let mut #rs = [0u32; #repeated_indices_size / 2];)
        } else {
            quote!()
        };
        quote!(
            let mut #ri = [0u32; #repeated_indices_size];
            #rs_init
        )
    } else {
        quote!()
    }
}

/// For each inner repeater in `templates`, generates code to track instance
/// changes and add its length to `total`.  `row_inner_component_id` is the
/// repeating Row sub-component's identifier.
fn build_inner_track_and_len(
    templates: &[llr::RowChildTemplateInfo],
    row_inner_component_id: &proc_macro2::Ident,
) -> Vec<TokenStream> {
    templates
        .iter()
        .filter_map(|e| match e {
            llr::RowChildTemplateInfo::Repeated { repeater_index, .. } => {
                let inner_rep_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(*repeater_index));
                Some(quote! {
                    #row_inner_component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#inner_rep_id().apply_pin(pin).track_instance_changes();
                    total += pin.#inner_rep_id.len();
                })
            }
            _ => None,
        })
        .collect()
}

fn generate_repeater_push_code(
    repeater_index: llr::RepeatedElementIdx,
    row_child_templates: &Option<Vec<llr::RowChildTemplateInfo>>,
    repeated_indices_var_name: &Option<proc_macro2::Ident>,
    repeated_indices_size: &mut usize,
    repeater_steps_var_name: &Option<proc_macro2::Ident>,
    repeated_count_code: &mut TokenStream,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
    dynamic_loop_code: impl FnOnce(
        proc_macro2::Ident,
        usize,
        Vec<TokenStream>,
        Option<TokenStream>,
    ) -> TokenStream,
    static_loop_code: impl FnOnce(proc_macro2::Ident, usize, bool) -> TokenStream,
) -> TokenStream {
    let row_templates = row_child_templates.as_deref();
    if llr::has_inner_repeaters(row_child_templates) {
        let templates = row_templates.unwrap();
        let static_count = llr::static_child_count(templates);
        let parent_sc = ctx.current_sub_component().unwrap();
        let row_sc_idx = parent_sc.repeated[repeater_index].sub_tree.root;
        let row_sc = &ctx.compilation_unit.sub_components[row_sc_idx];
        let row_inner_component_id = self::inner_component_id(row_sc);
        let inner_ensure_and_len = build_inner_track_and_len(templates, &row_inner_component_id);

        let (common_push_code, rs_idx) = self::generate_common_repeater_code(
            repeater_index,
            repeated_indices_var_name,
            repeated_indices_size,
            repeater_steps_var_name,
            repeated_count_code,
            "items_vec",
            ctx,
        );
        let rs_init = rs_idx.and_then(|idx| {
            repeater_steps_var_name.as_ref().map(|rs| quote!(#rs[#idx] = total_item_count as u32;))
        });

        let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater_index));
        let loop_code = dynamic_loop_code(repeater_id, static_count, inner_ensure_and_len, rs_init);
        quote!(
            #common_push_code
            #loop_code
        )
    } else {
        let step = row_templates.map_or(1, |t| t.len());
        let (common_push_code, rs_idx) = self::generate_common_repeater_code(
            repeater_index,
            repeated_indices_var_name,
            repeated_indices_size,
            repeater_steps_var_name,
            repeated_count_code,
            "items_vec",
            ctx,
        );
        let rs_init = rs_idx.and_then(|idx| {
            repeater_steps_var_name.as_ref().map(|rs| quote!(#rs[#idx] = #step as u32;))
        });
        let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater_index));
        let loop_code = static_loop_code(repeater_id, step, row_templates.is_none());
        quote!(
            #common_push_code
            #rs_init
            #loop_code
        )
    }
}

fn generate_with_grid_input_data(
    cells_variable: &str,
    repeated_indices_var_name: &SmolStr,
    repeater_steps_var_name: &SmolStr,
    elements: &[Either<Expression, llr::GridLayoutRepeatedElement>],
    sub_expression: &Expression,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let repeated_indices_var_name = Some(ident(repeated_indices_var_name));
    let repeater_steps_var_name = Some(ident(repeater_steps_var_name));
    let mut fixed_count = 0usize;
    let mut repeated_count_code = quote!();
    let mut push_code = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_indices_size = 0usize;
    for item in elements {
        match item {
            Either::Left(value) => {
                let value = compile_expression(value, ctx);
                fixed_count += 1;
                push_code.push(quote!(items_vec.push(#value);))
            }
            Either::Right(repeater) => {
                let repeater_push_code = generate_repeater_push_code(
                    repeater.repeater_index,
                    &repeater.row_child_templates,
                    &repeated_indices_var_name,
                    &mut repeated_indices_size,
                    &repeater_steps_var_name,
                    &mut repeated_count_code,
                    ctx,
                    |repeater_id, static_count, inner_ensure_and_len, rs_init| {
                        quote!({
                            let len = _self.#repeater_id.len();
                            let max_total = (0..len).filter_map(|i| {
                                _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i).map(|rc| {
                                    let pin = rc.as_pin_ref();
                                    let mut total = #static_count;
                                    #(#inner_ensure_and_len)*
                                    total
                                })
                            }).max().unwrap_or(#static_count);
                            let total_item_count = max_total;
                            #rs_init
                            let start_offset = items_vec.len();
                            items_vec.extend(::core::iter::repeat_with(::core::default::Default::default).take(len * total_item_count));
                            for i in 0..len {
                                if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                    let offset = start_offset + i * total_item_count;
                                    sub_comp.as_pin_ref().grid_layout_input_data(new_row, &mut items_vec[offset..offset + total_item_count]);
                                }
                            }
                        })
                    },
                    |repeater_id, step, is_column_repeater| {
                        // Only reset new_row for column-repeaters. For repeated rows, each sub-comp
                        // is its own row so new_row stays true.
                        let reset_new_row_code =
                            if is_column_repeater { quote!(new_row = false;) } else { quote!() };
                        quote!({
                            let len = _self.#repeater_id.len();
                            let start_offset = items_vec.len();
                            items_vec.extend(::core::iter::repeat_with(::core::default::Default::default).take(len * #step));
                            for i in 0..len {
                                if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                    let offset = start_offset + i * #step;
                                    sub_comp.as_pin_ref().grid_layout_input_data(new_row, &mut items_vec[offset..offset + #step]);
                                    #reset_new_row_code
                                }
                            }
                        })
                    },
                );
                let new_row = repeater.new_row;
                push_code.push(quote!(
                    let mut new_row = #new_row;
                    #repeater_push_code
                ));
            }
        }
    }
    let ri_init_code = generate_common_repeater_indices_init_code(
        &repeated_indices_var_name,
        repeated_indices_size,
        &repeater_steps_var_name,
    );
    let ri_from_slice =
        repeated_indices_var_name.map(|ri| quote!(let #ri = sp::Slice::from_slice(&#ri);));
    let rs_from_slice =
        repeater_steps_var_name.map(|rs| quote!(let #rs = sp::Slice::from_slice(&#rs);));
    let cells_variable = ident(cells_variable);
    let sub_expression = compile_expression(sub_expression, ctx);

    quote! { {
        #ri_init_code
        let mut items_vec = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#fixed_count #repeated_count_code);
        #(#push_code)*
        let #cells_variable = sp::Slice::from_slice(&items_vec);
        #ri_from_slice
        #rs_from_slice
        #sub_expression
    } }
}

fn generate_with_layout_item_info(
    cells_variable: &str,
    repeated_indices_var_name: Option<&str>,
    repeater_steps_var_name: Option<&str>,
    elements: &[Either<Expression, llr::LayoutRepeatedElement>],
    orientation: Orientation,
    repeated_cross_size: Option<&Expression>,
    sub_expression: &Expression,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let repeated_indices_var_name = repeated_indices_var_name.map(ident);
    let repeater_steps_var_name = repeater_steps_var_name.map(ident);
    // Content width forwarded to repeated cells on a vertical box layout's
    // main-axis pass, so a height-for-width instance measures at the width it
    // is laid out at, like a static cell. Evaluated once, not per instance.
    let cross_size_init = repeated_cross_size.map(|e| {
        let cs = compile_expression(e, ctx);
        quote!(let box_cross_size = (#cs) as f32;)
    });
    let mut fixed_count = 0usize;
    let mut repeated_count_code = quote!();
    let mut push_code = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_indices_size = 0usize;
    for item in elements {
        match item {
            Either::Left(value) => {
                let value = compile_expression(value, ctx);
                fixed_count += 1;
                push_code.push(quote!(items_vec.push(#value);))
            }
            Either::Right(repeater) => {
                // A grid measures each instance at its own solved column width,
                // read from the horizontal cache with the loop counter bound to
                // `GRID_MEASURE_REPEATER_INDEX_LOCAL`.
                let grid_cross_width = repeater.cross_width.as_ref().map(|e| {
                    let idx = ident(GRID_MEASURE_REPEATER_INDEX_LOCAL);
                    let w = compile_expression(e, ctx);
                    quote!({ let #idx = i; #w })
                });
                let repeater_push_code = generate_repeater_push_code(
                    repeater.repeater_index,
                    &repeater.row_child_templates,
                    &repeated_indices_var_name,
                    &mut repeated_indices_size,
                    &repeater_steps_var_name,
                    &mut repeated_count_code,
                    ctx,
                    |repeater_id, static_count, inner_ensure_and_len, rs_init| {
                        // Only box layouts set a cross size, and their repeaters
                        // never have row templates.
                        debug_assert!(cross_size_init.is_none());
                        quote!(
                            {
                                let len = _self.#repeater_id.len();
                                let max_total = (0..len).filter_map(|i| {
                                    _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i).map(|rc| {
                                        let pin = rc.as_pin_ref();
                                        let mut total = #static_count;
                                        #(#inner_ensure_and_len)*
                                        total
                                    })
                                }).max().unwrap_or(#static_count);
                                let total_item_count = max_total;
                                #rs_init
                                for i in 0..len {
                                    if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                        for child_idx in 0..total_item_count {
                                            items_vec.push(sub_comp.as_pin_ref().layout_item_info(#orientation, Some(child_idx)));
                                        }
                                    } else {
                                        // Not-yet-instantiated slot: push placeholder cells so the cell
                                        // count stays in sync with the repeater length written above.
                                        items_vec.extend(::core::iter::repeat_with(::core::default::Default::default).take(total_item_count));
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        )
                    },
                    |repeater_id, step, is_column_repeater| {
                        if step == 0 {
                            quote!()
                        } else if step == 1 && is_column_repeater {
                            // Column-repeater: each sub-component IS a cell; None returns its own layout_info
                            let item_info = match (&cross_size_init, &grid_cross_width, orientation)
                            {
                                (Some(_), _, Orientation::Vertical) => quote!(
                                    sub_comp
                                        .as_pin_ref()
                                        .layout_item_info_at_cross_width(box_cross_size)
                                ),
                                (Some(_), _, Orientation::Horizontal) => {
                                    unreachable!("a horizontal main pass forwards no cross size")
                                }
                                (None, Some(w), _) => quote!(
                                    sub_comp
                                        .as_pin_ref()
                                        .layout_item_info_at_cross_width((#w) as f32)
                                ),
                                (None, None, _) => quote!(
                                    sub_comp.as_pin_ref().layout_item_info(#orientation, None)
                                ),
                            };
                            quote!(
                                for i in 0.._self.#repeater_id.len() {
                                    if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                       items_vec.push(#item_info);
                                    } else {
                                        items_vec.push(::core::default::Default::default());
                                    }
                                }
                            )
                        } else {
                            // Multi-step repeaters only exist in grids, which
                            // never set a cross size.
                            debug_assert!(cross_size_init.is_none());
                            quote!(
                                for i in 0.._self.#repeater_id.len() {
                                    if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                                        for child_idx in 0..#step {
                                            items_vec.push(sub_comp.as_pin_ref().layout_item_info(#orientation, Some(child_idx)));
                                        }
                                    } else {
                                        items_vec.extend(::core::iter::repeat_with(::core::default::Default::default).take(#step));
                                    }
                                }
                            )
                        }
                    },
                );
                push_code.push(repeater_push_code);
            }
        }
    }
    let ri_init_code = generate_common_repeater_indices_init_code(
        &repeated_indices_var_name,
        repeated_indices_size,
        &repeater_steps_var_name,
    );

    let ri_from_slice =
        repeated_indices_var_name.map(|ri| quote!(let #ri = sp::Slice::from_slice(&#ri);));
    let rs_from_slice =
        repeater_steps_var_name.map(|rs| quote!(let #rs = sp::Slice::from_slice(&#rs);));
    let cells_variable = ident(cells_variable);
    let sub_expression = compile_expression(sub_expression, ctx);

    quote! { {
        #ri_init_code
        #cross_size_init
        let mut items_vec = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#fixed_count #repeated_count_code);
        #(#push_code)*
        let #cells_variable = sp::Slice::from_slice(&items_vec);
        #ri_from_slice
        #rs_from_slice
        #sub_expression
    } }
}

fn generate_with_flexbox_layout_item_info(
    cells_h_variable: &str,
    cells_v_variable: &str,
    flex_props_variable: Option<&str>,
    repeated_indices_var_name: Option<&str>,
    elements: &[Either<(Expression, Expression, Expression), llr::LayoutRepeatedElement>],
    repeated_cross_width: Option<&Expression>,
    sub_expression: &Expression,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    // With no flex-props variable the sub-expression only reads the cells, so
    // don't evaluate (and thus depend on) a static cell's flex properties. A
    // repeated cell still computes its props inside the bundled item-info call,
    // whose constraint half is needed either way.
    let wants_flex_props = flex_props_variable.is_some();
    let repeated_indices_var_name = repeated_indices_var_name.map(ident);
    // Container width forwarded to repeated cells' vertical query (column flex),
    // so a height-for-width instance wraps to the real width like a static cell.
    let cross_width = repeated_cross_width.map(|w| compile_expression(w, ctx));
    let mut fixed_count = 0usize;
    let mut repeated_count_code = quote!();
    let mut push_code = Vec::new();
    let mut repeated_indices_size = 0usize;

    for item in elements {
        match item {
            Either::Left((value_h, value_v, value_flex)) => {
                let value_h = compile_expression(value_h, ctx);
                let value_v = compile_expression(value_v, ctx);
                let flex_push = wants_flex_props.then(|| {
                    let value_flex = compile_expression(value_flex, ctx);
                    quote!(items_vec_flex.push(#value_flex);)
                });
                fixed_count += 1;
                push_code.push(quote!(
                    items_vec_h.push(#value_h);
                    items_vec_v.push(#value_v);
                    #flex_push
                ))
            }
            Either::Right(repeater) => {
                let (common_push_code, _rs_idx) = self::generate_common_repeater_code(
                    repeater.repeater_index,
                    &repeated_indices_var_name,
                    &mut repeated_indices_size,
                    &None, // No repeater_steps for flexbox
                    &mut repeated_count_code,
                    "items_vec_h", // Use items_vec_h for length tracking (same as items_vec_v)
                    ctx,
                );
                let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater.repeater_index));
                // For a column flex, measure each instance's vertical info at the
                // container width; otherwise use its preferred-width default.
                let v_query = if let Some(w) = &cross_width {
                    quote!(sub_comp.as_pin_ref().flexbox_layout_item_info_at_cross_width((#w) as f32))
                } else {
                    quote!(
                        sub_comp
                            .as_pin_ref()
                            .flexbox_layout_item_info(sp::Orientation::Vertical, None)
                    )
                };
                // The instance vtable returns the bundled `FlexboxLayoutItemInfo`;
                // split it into the constraint cell and the flex props.
                let flex_push =
                    wants_flex_props.then(|| quote!(items_vec_flex.push(info_h.props);));
                let flex_placeholder = wants_flex_props
                    .then(|| quote!(items_vec_flex.push(::core::default::Default::default());));
                let loop_code = quote!(for i in 0.._self.#repeater_id.len() {
                    if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(i) {
                        let info_h = sub_comp.as_pin_ref().flexbox_layout_item_info(sp::Orientation::Horizontal, None);
                        let info_v = #v_query;
                        #flex_push
                        items_vec_h.push(sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: info_h.constraint, ..::core::default::Default::default() });
                        items_vec_v.push(sp::LayoutItemInfo { constraint: info_v.constraint, ..::core::default::Default::default() });
                    } else {
                        // Not-yet-instantiated slot: push placeholder cells so the cell
                        // count stays in sync with the repeater length written above.
                        items_vec_h.push(::core::default::Default::default());
                        items_vec_v.push(::core::default::Default::default());
                        #flex_placeholder
                    }
                });
                push_code.push(quote!(
                    #common_push_code
                    #loop_code
                ));
            }
        }
    }

    let ri_init_code = generate_common_repeater_indices_init_code(
        &repeated_indices_var_name,
        repeated_indices_size,
        &None,
    );

    let ri_from_slice =
        repeated_indices_var_name.map(|ri| quote!(let #ri = sp::Slice::from_slice(&#ri);));
    let cells_h_variable = ident(cells_h_variable);
    let cells_v_variable = ident(cells_v_variable);
    let (flex_decl, flex_slice) = flex_props_variable
        .map(|v| {
            let v = ident(v);
            (
                quote!(let mut items_vec_flex = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#fixed_count #repeated_count_code);),
                quote!(let #v = sp::Slice::from_slice(&items_vec_flex);),
            )
        })
        .unzip();
    let sub_expression = compile_expression(sub_expression, ctx);

    quote! { {
        #ri_init_code
        let mut items_vec_h = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#fixed_count #repeated_count_code);
        let mut items_vec_v = sp::Vec::with_capacity(#fixed_count #repeated_count_code);
        #flex_decl
        #(#push_code)*
        let #cells_h_variable = sp::Slice::from_slice(&items_vec_h);
        let #cells_v_variable = sp::Slice::from_slice(&items_vec_v);
        #flex_slice
        #ri_from_slice
        #sub_expression
    } }
}

/// Emit the measure callback shared by `solve_flexbox_layout_with_measure` and
/// `flexbox_layout_info_cross_axis_with_measure` calls, bound to a `measure`
/// local. For each static height-for-width cell, `measure_cells[i]` carries
/// its vertical `LayoutInfo` expression, which reads the `measure_known_w`
/// local. taffy calls the callback with at most one of width/height known
/// (the cross axis): with the width known we recompute that cell's height at
/// it, with the height known no dimension changes. A call with neither
/// dimension known is a content-size probe (see `FlexboxMeasureFn` in
/// i-slint-core): it measures the height at the default width.
fn generate_flexbox_measure_closure(
    measure_cells: &[llr::FlexboxMeasureCell],
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    let known_w_ident = ident(MEASURE_KNOWN_W_LOCAL);
    let has_repeater =
        measure_cells.iter().any(|item| matches!(item, llr::FlexboxMeasureCell::Repeated(_)));

    // Without a repeater the cell index is known at compile time, so match on
    // it (O(1) dispatch). With a repeater the count is only known at runtime:
    // walk the elements, advancing `cursor` by 1 per static cell and by the
    // repeater's instance count per repeater, until `index`'s range is found.
    let v_body = if !has_repeater {
        let arms = measure_cells.iter().enumerate().filter_map(|(i, item)| {
            let llr::FlexboxMeasureCell::Static { v_info } = item else { return None };
            let idx = proc_macro2::Literal::usize_unsuffixed(i);
            let v = compile_expression(v_info, ctx);
            Some(quote!(#idx => return (w, ({ #v }).preferred_bounded()),))
        });
        quote!(match index { #(#arms)* _ => {} })
    } else {
        let steps = measure_cells.iter().map(|item| match item {
            llr::FlexboxMeasureCell::Static { v_info } => {
                let v = compile_expression(v_info, ctx);
                quote!(
                    if index == cursor { return (w, ({ #v }).preferred_bounded()); }
                    cursor += 1;
                )
            }
            llr::FlexboxMeasureCell::Repeated(repeater) => {
                let repeater_id = format_ident!("repeater{}", usize::from(repeater.repeater_index));
                quote!(
                    {
                        let len = _self.#repeater_id.len();
                        if index >= cursor && index < cursor + len {
                            if let Some(sub_comp) = _self.#repeater_id.instance_at(index - cursor) {
                                return (w, sub_comp
                                    .as_pin_ref()
                                    .flexbox_layout_item_info_at_cross_width(w)
                                    .constraint
                                    .preferred_bounded());
                            }
                            return (w, h);
                        }
                        cursor += len;
                    }
                )
            }
            llr::FlexboxMeasureCell::Fixed => quote!(cursor += 1;),
        });
        // The final `cursor += …` is a dead write; `let _ = cursor;` consumes it
        // to avoid an `unused_assignments` warning in the generated code.
        quote!(let mut cursor = 0usize; #(#steps)* let _ = cursor;)
    };

    // A dimension taffy didn't assign (`known_* == false`) arrives pre-resolved
    // to the cell's preferred size by resolve_measure_defaults in i-slint-core.
    quote! {
        let mut measure = |index: usize, w: f32, h: f32, _known_w: bool, known_h: bool| -> (f32, f32) {
            if known_h {
                return (w, h);
            }
            let #known_w_ident = w;
            let _ = #known_w_ident;
            #v_body
            (w, h)
        };
    }
}

/// Access a field offset via `FIELD_OFFSETS.field()`. The `FIELD_OFFSETS`
/// constant is a ZST with const fn methods, so this does not create a MIR
/// local of any aggregate type.
fn access_component_field_offset(component_id: &Ident, field: &Ident) -> TokenStream {
    quote!(#component_id::FIELD_OFFSETS.#field())
}

fn embedded_file_tokens(path: &str) -> TokenStream {
    let file = crate::fileaccess::load_file(std::path::Path::new(path)).unwrap(); // embedding pass ensured that the file exists
    match file.builtin_contents {
        Some(static_data) => {
            let literal = proc_macro2::Literal::byte_string(static_data);
            quote!(#literal)
        }
        None => quote!(::core::include_bytes!(#path)),
    }
}

fn generate_resources(doc: &Document) -> Vec<TokenStream> {
    #[cfg(feature = "renderer-software")]
    let link_section = std::env::var("SLINT_ASSET_SECTION")
        .ok()
        .map(|section| quote!(#[unsafe(link_section = #section)]));

    doc.embedded_file_resources
        .borrow()
        .iter_enumerated()
        .map(|(resource_id, er)| {
            let resource_id = resource_id.0;
            let symbol = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}", resource_id);
            match &er.kind {
                &crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::ListOnly => {
                    quote!()
                },
                // Only the slint-sc generator produces these resources.
                #[cfg(feature = "slint-sc")]
                crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::StaticPixels { .. } => {
                    unreachable!("slint-sc resources in the Rust generator")
                },
                crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::FileData => {
                    let data = embedded_file_tokens(er.path.as_deref().unwrap());
                    quote!(static #symbol: &'static [u8] = #data;)
                }
                crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::DataUriPayload(bytes, _) => {
                    quote!(static #symbol: &'static [u8] = &[#(#bytes),*];)
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "renderer-software")]
                crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::TextureData(crate::embedded_resources::Texture {
                    data, format, rect,
                    total_size: crate::embedded_resources::Size{width, height},
                    original_size: crate::embedded_resources::Size{width: unscaled_width, height: unscaled_height},
                }) => {
                    let (r_x, r_y, r_w, r_h) = (rect.x(), rect.y(), rect.width(), rect.height());
                    let color = if let crate::embedded_resources::PixelFormat::AlphaMap([r, g, b]) = format {
                        quote!(sp::Color::from_rgb_u8(#r, #g, #b))
                    } else {
                        quote!(sp::Color::from_argb_encoded(0))
                    };
                    let symbol_data = format_ident!("SLINT_EMBEDDED_RESOURCE_{}_DATA", resource_id);
                    let data_size = data.len();
                    quote!(
                        #link_section
                        // (the second array is to ensure alignment)
                        static #symbol_data : ([u8; #data_size], [u32;0])= ([#(#data),*], []);
                        #link_section
                        static #symbol: sp::StaticTextures = sp::StaticTextures{
                            size: sp::IntSize::new(#width as _, #height as _),
                            original_size: sp::IntSize::new(#unscaled_width as _, #unscaled_height as _),
                            data: sp::Slice::from_slice(&#symbol_data.0),
                            textures: sp::Slice::from_slice(&[
                                sp::StaticTexture {
                                    rect: sp::euclid::rect(#r_x as _, #r_y as _, #r_w as _, #r_h as _),
                                    format: #format,
                                    color: #color,
                                    index: 0,
                                }
                            ])
                        };
                    )
                },
                #[cfg(feature = "renderer-software")]
                crate::embedded_resources::EmbeddedResourcesKind::BitmapFontData(crate::embedded_resources::BitmapFont { family_name, character_map, units_per_em, ascent, descent, x_height, cap_height, glyphs, weight, italic, sdf }) => {

                    let character_map_size = character_map.len();

                    let character_map = character_map.iter().map(|crate::embedded_resources::CharacterMapEntry{code_point, glyph_index}| quote!(sp::CharacterMapEntry { code_point: #code_point, glyph_index: #glyph_index }));

                    let glyphs_size = glyphs.len();

                    let glyphs = glyphs.iter().map(|crate::embedded_resources::BitmapGlyphs{pixel_size, glyph_data}| {
                        let glyph_data_size = glyph_data.len();
                        let glyph_data = glyph_data.iter().map(|crate::embedded_resources::BitmapGlyph{x, y, width, height, x_advance, data}|{
                            let data_size = data.len();
                            quote!(
                                sp::BitmapGlyph {
                                    x: #x,
                                    y: #y,
                                    width: #width,
                                    height: #height,
                                    x_advance: #x_advance,
                                    data: sp::Slice::from_slice({
                                        #link_section
                                        static DATA : [u8; #data_size] = [#(#data),*];
                                        &DATA
                                    }),
                                }
                            )
                        });

                        quote!(
                            sp::BitmapGlyphs {
                                pixel_size: #pixel_size,
                                glyph_data: sp::Slice::from_slice({
                                    #link_section
                                    static GDATA : [sp::BitmapGlyph; #glyph_data_size] = [#(#glyph_data),*];
                                    &GDATA
                                }),
                            }
                        )
                    });

                    quote!(
                        #link_section
                        static #symbol: sp::BitmapFont = sp::BitmapFont {
                            family_name: sp::Slice::from_slice(#family_name.as_bytes()),
                            character_map: sp::Slice::from_slice({
                                #link_section
                                static CM : [sp::CharacterMapEntry; #character_map_size] = [#(#character_map),*];
                                &CM
                            }),
                            units_per_em: #units_per_em,
                            ascent: #ascent,
                            descent: #descent,
                            x_height: #x_height,
                            cap_height: #cap_height,
                            glyphs: sp::Slice::from_slice({
                                #link_section
                                static GLYPHS : [sp::BitmapGlyphs; #glyphs_size] = [#(#glyphs),*];
                                &GLYPHS
                            }),
                            weight: #weight,
                            italic: #italic,
                            sdf: #sdf,
                        };
                    )
                },
            }
        })
        .collect()
}

fn remove_parenthesis(
    expr: &Expression,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
    compile: impl FnOnce(&Expression, &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream,
) -> TokenStream {
    fn extract_single_group(stream: &TokenStream) -> Option<TokenStream> {
        let mut iter = stream.clone().into_iter();
        let elem = iter.next()?;
        let TokenTree::Group(elem) = elem else { return None };
        if elem.delimiter() != proc_macro2::Delimiter::Parenthesis {
            return None;
        }
        if iter.next().is_some() {
            return None;
        }
        Some(elem.stream())
    }

    let mut stream = compile(expr, ctx);
    if !matches!(expr, Expression::Struct { .. }) {
        while let Some(s) = extract_single_group(&stream) {
            stream = s;
        }
    }
    stream
}

fn compile_expression_no_parenthesis(expr: &Expression, ctx: &EvaluationContext) -> TokenStream {
    remove_parenthesis(expr, ctx, compile_expression)
}

fn compile_expression_to_value_no_parenthesis(
    expr: &Expression,
    ctx: &EvaluationContext,
) -> TokenStream {
    remove_parenthesis(expr, ctx, compile_expression_to_value)
}

#[cfg(feature = "bundle-translations")]
fn generate_translations(
    translations: &crate::translations::Translations,
    compilation_unit: &llr::CompilationUnit,
) -> TokenStream {
    let strings = translations.strings.iter().map(|strings| {
        let array = strings.iter().map(|s| match s.as_ref().map(SmolStr::as_str) {
            Some(s) => quote!(Some(#s)),
            None => quote!(None),
        });
        quote!(&[#(#array),*])
    });
    let plurals = translations.plurals.iter().map(|plurals| {
        let array = plurals.iter().map(|p| match p {
            Some(p) => {
                let p = p.iter().map(SmolStr::as_str);
                quote!(Some(&[#(#p),*]))
            }
            None => quote!(None),
        });
        quote!(&[#(#array),*])
    });

    let ctx = EvaluationContext {
        compilation_unit,
        current_scope: EvaluationScope::Global(0.into()),
        generator_state: RustGeneratorContext {
            global_access: quote!(compile_error!("language rule can't access state")),
        },
        argument_types: &[Type::Int32],
    };
    let rules = translations.plural_rules.iter().map(|rule| {
        let rule = match rule {
            Some(rule) => {
                let rule = compile_expression(rule, &ctx);
                quote!(Some(|arg: i32| { let args = (arg,); (#rule) as usize } ))
            }
            None => quote!(None),
        };
        quote!(#rule)
    });

    let lang = translations.languages.iter().map(|(lang, separator)| {
        let lang = lang.as_str();
        quote!(
            sp::TranslationsBundled {
                language: #lang,
                decimal_separator: #separator
            }
        )
    });

    quote!(
        const _SLINT_TRANSLATED_STRINGS: &[&[sp::Option<&str>]] = &[#(#strings),*];
        const _SLINT_TRANSLATED_STRINGS_PLURALS: &[&[sp::Option<&[&str]>]] = &[#(#plurals),*];
        #[allow(unused)]
        const _SLINT_TRANSLATED_PLURAL_RULES: &[sp::Option<fn(i32) -> usize>] = &[#(#rules),*];
        const _SLINT_BUNDLED_TRANSLATIONS: &[sp::TranslationsBundled] = &[#(#lang),*];
    )
}