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use async_std::io::{self, BufRead, Read}; use async_std::sync; use std::convert::{Into, TryInto}; use std::mem; use std::ops::Index; use std::pin::Pin; use std::task::{Context, Poll}; use crate::convert::{DeserializeOwned, Serialize}; use crate::headers::{ self, HeaderName, HeaderValue, HeaderValues, Headers, Names, ToHeaderValues, Values, CONTENT_TYPE, }; use crate::mime::Mime; use crate::trailers::{self, Trailers}; use crate::{Body, Extensions, Method, Url, Version}; pin_project_lite::pin_project! { /// An HTTP request. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body("Hello, Nori!"); /// ``` #[derive(Debug)] pub struct Request { method: Method, url: Url, headers: Headers, version: Option<Version>, sender: Option<sync::Sender<Trailers>>, receiver: Option<sync::Receiver<Trailers>>, #[pin] body: Body, local_addr: Option<String>, peer_addr: Option<String>, ext: Extensions, } } impl Request { /// Create a new request. pub fn new<U>(method: Method, url: U) -> Self where U: TryInto<Url>, U::Error: std::fmt::Debug, { let url = url.try_into().expect("Could not convert into a valid url"); let (sender, receiver) = sync::channel(1); Self { method, url, headers: Headers::new(), version: None, body: Body::empty(), sender: Some(sender), receiver: Some(receiver), ext: Extensions::new(), peer_addr: None, local_addr: None, } } /// Sets a string representation of the peer address of this /// request. This might take the form of an ip/fqdn and port or a /// local socket address. pub fn set_peer_addr(&mut self, peer_addr: Option<impl std::string::ToString>) { self.peer_addr = peer_addr.map(|addr| addr.to_string()); } /// Sets a string representation of the local address that this /// request was received on. This might take the form of an ip/fqdn and /// port, or a local socket address. pub fn set_local_addr(&mut self, local_addr: Option<impl std::string::ToString>) { self.local_addr = local_addr.map(|addr| addr.to_string()); } /// Get the peer socket address for the underlying transport, if /// that information is available for this request. pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.peer_addr.as_deref() } /// Get the local socket address for the underlying transport, if /// that information is available for this request. pub fn local_addr(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.local_addr.as_deref() } /// Get the remote address for this request. /// This is determined in the following priority: /// 1. `Forwarded` header `for` key /// 2. The first `X-Forwarded-For` header /// 3. Peer address of the transport pub fn remote(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.forwarded_for().or_else(|| self.peer_addr()) } /// Get the destination host for this request. /// This is determined in the following priority: /// 1. `Forwarded` header `host` key /// 2. The first `X-Forwarded-Host` header /// 3. `Host` header /// 4. URL domain, if any pub fn host(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.forwarded_header_part("host") .or_else(|| { self.header("X-Forwarded-Host") .and_then(|h| h.as_str().split(",").next()) }) .or_else(|| self.header(&headers::HOST).map(|h| h.as_str())) .or_else(|| self.url().host_str()) } fn forwarded_header_part(&self, part: &str) -> Option<&str> { self.header("Forwarded").and_then(|header| { header.as_str().split(";").find_map(|key_equals_value| { let parts = key_equals_value.split("=").collect::<Vec<_>>(); if parts.len() == 2 && parts[0].eq_ignore_ascii_case(part) { Some(parts[1]) } else { None } }) }) } fn forwarded_for(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.forwarded_header_part("for").or_else(|| { self.header("X-Forwarded-For") .and_then(|header| header.as_str().split(",").next()) }) } /// Get the HTTP method pub fn method(&self) -> Method { self.method } /// Set the HTTP method. pub fn set_method(&mut self, method: Method) { self.method = method; } /// Get a reference to the url. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { /// # /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request, Response, StatusCode}; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// assert_eq!(req.url().scheme(), "https"); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn url(&self) -> &Url { &self.url } /// Get a mutable reference to the url. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { /// # /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request, Response, StatusCode}; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// req.url_mut().set_scheme("http"); /// assert_eq!(req.url().scheme(), "http"); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn url_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Url { &mut self.url } /// Set the request body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body("Hello, Nori!"); /// ``` pub fn set_body(&mut self, body: impl Into<Body>) { self.replace_body(body); } /// Swaps the value of the body with another body, without deinitializing /// either one. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use async_std::io::prelude::*; /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # async_std::task::block_on(async { /// # /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body("Hello, Nori!"); /// let mut body: Body = req.replace_body("Hello, Chashu!"); /// /// let mut string = String::new(); /// body.read_to_string(&mut string).await?; /// assert_eq!(&string, "Hello, Nori!"); /// # /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub fn replace_body(&mut self, body: impl Into<Body>) -> Body { let body = mem::replace(&mut self.body, body.into()); self.copy_content_type_from_body(); body } /// Replace the request body with a new body, and return the old body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use async_std::io::prelude::*; /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # async_std::task::block_on(async { /// # /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body("Hello, Nori!"); /// let mut body = "Hello, Chashu!".into(); /// req.swap_body(&mut body); /// /// let mut string = String::new(); /// body.read_to_string(&mut string).await?; /// assert_eq!(&string, "Hello, Nori!"); /// # /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub fn swap_body(&mut self, body: &mut Body) { mem::swap(&mut self.body, body); self.copy_content_type_from_body(); } /// Take the request body, replacing it with an empty body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use async_std::io::prelude::*; /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # async_std::task::block_on(async { /// # /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body("Hello, Nori!"); /// let mut body: Body = req.take_body(); /// /// let mut string = String::new(); /// body.read_to_string(&mut string).await?; /// assert_eq!(&string, "Hello, Nori!"); /// /// # let mut string = String::new(); /// # req.read_to_string(&mut string).await?; /// # assert_eq!(&string, ""); /// # /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub fn take_body(&mut self) -> Body { self.replace_body(Body::empty()) } /// Read the body as a string. /// /// This consumes the request. If you want to read the body without /// consuming the request, consider using the `take_body` method and /// then calling `Body::into_string` or using the Request's AsyncRead /// implementation to read the body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use std::io::prelude::*; /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # async_std::task::block_on(async { /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// use async_std::io::Cursor; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// /// let cursor = Cursor::new("Hello Nori"); /// let body = Body::from_reader(cursor, None); /// req.set_body(body); /// assert_eq!(&req.body_string().await.unwrap(), "Hello Nori"); /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub async fn body_string(self) -> crate::Result<String> { self.body.into_string().await } /// Read the body as bytes. /// /// This consumes the `Request`. If you want to read the body without /// consuming the request, consider using the `take_body` method and /// then calling `Body::into_bytes` or using the Request's AsyncRead /// implementation to read the body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { async_std::task::block_on(async { /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let bytes = vec![1, 2, 3]; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body(Body::from_bytes(bytes)); /// /// let bytes = req.body_bytes().await?; /// assert_eq!(bytes, vec![1, 2, 3]); /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub async fn body_bytes(self) -> crate::Result<Vec<u8>> { self.body.into_bytes().await } /// Read the body as JSON. /// /// This consumes the request. If you want to read the body without /// consuming the request, consider using the `take_body` method and /// then calling `Body::into_json` or using the Request's AsyncRead /// implementation to read the body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { async_std::task::block_on(async { /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// use http_types::convert::{Serialize, Deserialize}; /// /// #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)] /// struct Cat { name: String } /// /// let cat = Cat { name: String::from("chashu") }; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body(Body::from_json(&cat)?); /// /// let cat: Cat = req.body_json().await?; /// assert_eq!(&cat.name, "chashu"); /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub async fn body_json<T: DeserializeOwned>(self) -> crate::Result<T> { self.body.into_json().await } /// Read the body as `x-www-form-urlencoded`. /// /// This consumes the request. If you want to read the body without /// consuming the request, consider using the `take_body` method and /// then calling `Body::into_json` or using the Request's AsyncRead /// implementation to read the body. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { async_std::task::block_on(async { /// use http_types::{Body, Url, Method, Request}; /// use http_types::convert::{Serialize, Deserialize}; /// /// #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)] /// struct Cat { name: String } /// /// let cat = Cat { name: String::from("chashu") }; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com").unwrap()); /// req.set_body(Body::from_form(&cat)?); /// /// let cat: Cat = req.body_form().await?; /// assert_eq!(&cat.name, "chashu"); /// # Ok(()) }) } /// ``` pub async fn body_form<T: DeserializeOwned>(self) -> crate::Result<T> { self.body.into_form().await } /// Get an HTTP header. pub fn header(&self, name: impl Into<HeaderName>) -> Option<&HeaderValues> { self.headers.get(name) } /// Get a mutable reference to a header. pub fn header_mut(&mut self, name: impl Into<HeaderName>) -> Option<&mut HeaderValues> { self.headers.get_mut(name.into()) } /// Remove a header. pub fn remove_header(&mut self, name: impl Into<HeaderName>) -> Option<HeaderValues> { self.headers.remove(name.into()) } /// Set an HTTP header. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// req.insert_header("Content-Type", "text/plain"); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn insert_header( &mut self, name: impl Into<HeaderName>, values: impl ToHeaderValues, ) -> Option<HeaderValues> { self.headers.insert(name, values) } /// Append a header to the headers. /// /// Unlike `insert` this function will not override the contents of a header, but insert a /// header if there aren't any. Or else append to the existing list of headers. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> { /// # /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// req.append_header("Content-Type", "text/plain"); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn append_header(&mut self, name: impl Into<HeaderName>, values: impl ToHeaderValues) { self.headers.append(name, values) } /// Set the response MIME. // TODO: return a parsed MIME pub fn set_content_type(&mut self, mime: Mime) -> Option<HeaderValues> { let value: HeaderValue = mime.into(); // A Mime instance is guaranteed to be valid header name. self.insert_header(CONTENT_TYPE, value) } /// Copy MIME data from the body. fn copy_content_type_from_body(&mut self) { if self.header(CONTENT_TYPE).is_none() { self.set_content_type(self.body.mime().clone()); } } /// Get the current content type pub fn content_type(&self) -> Option<Mime> { self.header(CONTENT_TYPE)?.last().as_str().parse().ok() } /// Get the length of the body stream, if it has been set. /// /// This value is set when passing a fixed-size object into as the body. E.g. a string, or a /// buffer. Consumers of this API should check this value to decide whether to use `Chunked` /// encoding, or set the response length. pub fn len(&self) -> Option<usize> { self.body.len() } /// Returns `true` if the request has a set body stream length of zero, `false` otherwise. pub fn is_empty(&self) -> Option<bool> { self.body.is_empty() } /// Get the HTTP version, if one has been set. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request, Version}; /// /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { /// # /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// assert_eq!(req.version(), None); /// /// req.set_version(Some(Version::Http2_0)); /// assert_eq!(req.version(), Some(Version::Http2_0)); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn version(&self) -> Option<Version> { self.version } /// Set the HTTP version. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request, Version}; /// /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { /// # /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// req.set_version(Some(Version::Http2_0)); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn set_version(&mut self, version: Option<Version>) { self.version = version; } /// Sends trailers to the a receiver. pub fn send_trailers(&mut self) -> trailers::Sender { let sender = self .sender .take() .expect("Trailers sender can only be constructed once"); trailers::Sender::new(sender) } /// Receive trailers from a sender. pub async fn recv_trailers(&mut self) -> trailers::Receiver { let receiver = self .receiver .take() .expect("Trailers receiver can only be constructed once"); trailers::Receiver::new(receiver) } /// An iterator visiting all header pairs in arbitrary order. pub fn iter(&self) -> headers::Iter<'_> { self.headers.iter() } /// An iterator visiting all header pairs in arbitrary order, with mutable references to the /// values. pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> headers::IterMut<'_> { self.headers.iter_mut() } /// An iterator visiting all header names in arbitrary order. pub fn header_names(&self) -> Names<'_> { self.headers.names() } /// An iterator visiting all header values in arbitrary order. pub fn header_values(&self) -> Values<'_> { self.headers.values() } /// Returns a reference to the existing local state. pub fn ext(&self) -> &Extensions { &self.ext } /// Returns a mutuable reference to the existing local state. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # fn main() -> Result<(), http_types::Error> { /// # /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request, Version}; /// /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://example.com")?); /// req.ext_mut().insert("hello from the extension"); /// assert_eq!(req.ext().get(), Some(&"hello from the extension")); /// # /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn ext_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Extensions { &mut self.ext } /// Get the URL querystring. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// # #[async_std::main] /// # async fn main() -> http_types::Result<()> { /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// use http_types::convert::{Serialize, Deserialize}; /// /// #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)] /// struct Index { /// page: u32 /// } /// /// let req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://httpbin.org/get?page=2").unwrap()); /// let Index { page } = req.query()?; /// assert_eq!(page, 2); /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn query<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(&self) -> crate::Result<T> { use std::io::{Error, ErrorKind}; let query = self .url .query() .ok_or_else(|| Error::from(ErrorKind::InvalidData))?; Ok(serde_urlencoded::from_str(query)?) } /// Set the URL querystring. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// # #[async_std::main] /// # async fn main() -> http_types::Result<()> { /// use http_types::{Url, Method, Request}; /// use http_types::convert::{Serialize, Deserialize}; /// /// #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)] /// struct Index { /// page: u32 /// } /// /// let query = Index { page: 2 }; /// let mut req = Request::new(Method::Get, Url::parse("https://httpbin.org/get?page=2").unwrap()); /// req.set_query(&query)?; /// assert_eq!(req.url().query(), Some("page=2")); /// assert_eq!(req.url().as_str(), "https://httpbin.org/get?page=2"); /// # Ok(()) } /// ``` pub fn set_query(&mut self, query: &(impl Serialize + ?Sized)) -> crate::Result<()> { let query = serde_urlencoded::to_string(query)?; self.url.set_query(Some(&query)); Ok(()) } } impl Clone for Request { /// Clone the request, resolving the body to `Body::empty()` and removing extensions. fn clone(&self) -> Self { Request { method: self.method.clone(), url: self.url.clone(), headers: self.headers.clone(), version: self.version.clone(), sender: self.sender.clone(), receiver: self.receiver.clone(), body: Body::empty(), ext: Extensions::new(), peer_addr: self.peer_addr.clone(), local_addr: self.local_addr.clone(), } } } impl Read for Request { #[allow(missing_doc_code_examples)] fn poll_read( mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8], ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> { Pin::new(&mut self.body).poll_read(cx, buf) } } impl BufRead for Request { #[allow(missing_doc_code_examples)] fn poll_fill_buf(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<&'_ [u8]>> { let this = self.project(); this.body.poll_fill_buf(cx) } fn consume(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, amt: usize) { Pin::new(&mut self.body).consume(amt) } } impl AsRef<Headers> for Request { fn as_ref(&self) -> &Headers { &self.headers } } impl AsMut<Headers> for Request { fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Headers { &mut self.headers } } impl From<Request> for Body { fn from(req: Request) -> Body { req.body } } impl Index<HeaderName> for Request { type Output = HeaderValues; /// Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the supplied name. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics if the name is not present in `Request`. #[inline] fn index(&self, name: HeaderName) -> &HeaderValues { self.headers.index(name) } } impl Index<&str> for Request { type Output = HeaderValues; /// Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the supplied name. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics if the name is not present in `Request`. #[inline] fn index(&self, name: &str) -> &HeaderValues { self.headers.index(name) } } impl IntoIterator for Request { type Item = (HeaderName, HeaderValues); type IntoIter = headers::IntoIter; /// Returns a iterator of references over the remaining items. #[inline] fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter { self.headers.into_iter() } } impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a Request { type Item = (&'a HeaderName, &'a HeaderValues); type IntoIter = headers::Iter<'a>; #[inline] fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter { self.headers.iter() } } impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a mut Request { type Item = (&'a HeaderName, &'a mut HeaderValues); type IntoIter = headers::IterMut<'a>; #[inline] fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter { self.headers.iter_mut() } } #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use super::*; mod host { use super::*; #[test] fn when_forwarded_header_is_set() { let mut request = build_test_request(); set_forwarded(&mut request, "-"); set_x_forwarded_host(&mut request, "this will not be used"); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_header_part("host"), Some("host.com")); assert_eq!(request.host(), Some("host.com")); } #[test] fn when_several_x_forwarded_hosts_exist() { let mut request = build_test_request(); set_x_forwarded_host(&mut request, "expected.host"); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_header_part("host"), None); assert_eq!(request.host(), Some("expected.host")); } #[test] fn when_only_one_x_forwarded_hosts_exist() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.insert_header("x-forwarded-host", "expected.host"); assert_eq!(request.host(), Some("expected.host")); } #[test] fn when_host_header_is_set() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.insert_header("host", "host.header"); assert_eq!(request.host(), Some("host.header")); } #[test] fn when_there_are_no_headers() { let request = build_test_request(); assert_eq!(request.host(), Some("async.rs")); } #[test] fn when_url_has_no_domain() { let mut request = build_test_request(); *request.url_mut() = Url::parse("x:").unwrap(); assert_eq!(request.host(), None); } } mod remote { use super::*; #[test] fn when_forwarded_is_properly_formatted() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.set_peer_addr(Some("127.0.0.1:8000")); set_forwarded(&mut request, "127.0.0.1:8001"); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), Some("127.0.0.1:8001")); assert_eq!(request.remote(), Some("127.0.0.1:8001")); } #[test] fn when_forwarded_is_improperly_formatted() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.set_peer_addr(Some( "127.0.0.1:8000".parse::<std::net::SocketAddr>().unwrap(), )); request.insert_header("Forwarded", "this is an improperly ;;; formatted header"); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), None); assert_eq!(request.remote(), Some("127.0.0.1:8000")); } #[test] fn when_x_forwarded_for_is_set() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.set_peer_addr(Some( std::path::PathBuf::from("/dev/random").to_str().unwrap(), )); set_x_forwarded_for(&mut request, "forwarded-host.com"); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), Some("forwarded-host.com")); assert_eq!(request.remote(), Some("forwarded-host.com")); } #[test] fn when_both_forwarding_headers_are_set() { let mut request = build_test_request(); set_forwarded(&mut request, "forwarded.com"); set_x_forwarded_for(&mut request, "forwarded-for-client.com"); request.peer_addr = Some("127.0.0.1:8000".into()); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), Some("forwarded.com".into())); assert_eq!(request.remote(), Some("forwarded.com".into())); } #[test] fn falling_back_to_peer_addr() { let mut request = build_test_request(); request.peer_addr = Some("127.0.0.1:8000".into()); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), None); assert_eq!(request.remote(), Some("127.0.0.1:8000".into())); } #[test] fn when_no_remote_available() { let request = build_test_request(); assert_eq!(request.forwarded_for(), None); assert_eq!(request.remote(), None); } } fn build_test_request() -> Request { let url = Url::parse("http://async.rs/").unwrap(); Request::new(Method::Get, url) } fn set_x_forwarded_for(request: &mut Request, client: &'static str) { request.insert_header( "x-forwarded-for", format!("{},proxy.com,other-proxy.com", client), ); } fn set_x_forwarded_host(request: &mut Request, host: &'static str) { request.insert_header( "x-forwarded-host", format!("{},proxy.com,other-proxy.com", host), ); } fn set_forwarded(request: &mut Request, client: &'static str) { request.insert_header( "Forwarded", format!("by=something.com;for={};host=host.com;proto=http", client), ); } }