http_type/websocket_frame/
impl.rs

1use crate::*;
2
3/// Implements the `Default` trait for `WebSocketFrame`.
4///
5/// Provides a default `WebSocketFrame` with `fin: false`, `opcode: WebSocketOpcode::Text`,
6/// `mask: false`, and an empty `payload_data`.
7impl Default for WebSocketFrame {
8    /// Returns the default `WebSocketFrame`.
9    ///
10    /// # Returns
11    ///
12    /// A default `WebSocketFrame` instance.
13    fn default() -> Self {
14        Self {
15            fin: false,
16            opcode: WebSocketOpcode::Text,
17            mask: false,
18            payload_data: Vec::new(),
19        }
20    }
21}
22
23impl WebSocketOpcode {
24    /// Creates a `WebSocketOpcode` from a raw u8 value.
25    ///
26    /// # Arguments
27    ///
28    /// - `opcode`: The raw opcode value.
29    ///
30    /// # Returns
31    ///
32    /// A `WebSocketOpcode` enum variant corresponding to the raw value.
33    pub fn from_u8(opcode: u8) -> Self {
34        match opcode {
35            0x0 => Self::Continuation,
36            0x1 => Self::Text,
37            0x2 => Self::Binary,
38            0x8 => Self::Close,
39            0x9 => Self::Ping,
40            0xA => Self::Pong,
41            _ => Self::Reserved(opcode),
42        }
43    }
44
45    /// Converts the `WebSocketOpcode` to its raw u8 value.
46    ///
47    /// # Returns
48    ///
49    /// The raw u8 value of the opcode.
50    pub fn to_u8(&self) -> u8 {
51        match self {
52            Self::Continuation => 0x0,
53            Self::Text => 0x1,
54            Self::Binary => 0x2,
55            Self::Close => 0x8,
56            Self::Ping => 0x9,
57            Self::Pong => 0xA,
58            Self::Reserved(code) => *code,
59        }
60    }
61
62    /// Checks if the opcode is a control frame.
63    ///
64    /// # Returns
65    ///
66    /// `true` if the opcode represents a control frame (Close, Ping, Pong), otherwise `false`.
67    pub fn is_control(&self) -> bool {
68        matches!(self, Self::Close | Self::Ping | Self::Pong)
69    }
70
71    /// Checks if the opcode is a data frame.
72    ///
73    /// # Returns
74    ///
75    /// `true` if the opcode represents a data frame (Text, Binary, Continuation), otherwise `false`.
76    pub fn is_data(&self) -> bool {
77        matches!(self, Self::Text | Self::Binary | Self::Continuation)
78    }
79
80    /// Checks if the opcode is a continuation frame.
81    ///
82    /// # Returns
83    ///
84    /// `true` if the opcode is `Continuation`, otherwise `false`.
85    pub fn is_continuation(&self) -> bool {
86        matches!(self, Self::Continuation)
87    }
88
89    /// Checks if the opcode is a text frame.
90    ///
91    /// # Returns
92    ///
93    /// `true` if the opcode is `Text`, otherwise `false`.
94    pub fn is_text(&self) -> bool {
95        matches!(self, Self::Text)
96    }
97
98    /// Checks if the opcode is a binary frame.
99    ///
100    /// # Returns
101    ///
102    /// `true` if the opcode is `Binary`, otherwise `false`.
103    pub fn is_binary(&self) -> bool {
104        matches!(self, Self::Binary)
105    }
106
107    /// Checks if the opcode is a close frame.
108    ///
109    /// # Returns
110    ///
111    /// `true` if the opcode is `Close`, otherwise `false`.
112    pub fn is_close(&self) -> bool {
113        matches!(self, Self::Close)
114    }
115
116    /// Checks if the opcode is a ping frame.
117    ///
118    /// # Returns
119    ///
120    /// `true` if the opcode is `Ping`, otherwise `false`.
121    pub fn is_ping(&self) -> bool {
122        matches!(self, Self::Ping)
123    }
124
125    /// Checks if the opcode is a pong frame.
126    ///
127    /// # Returns
128    ///
129    /// `true` if the opcode is `Pong`, otherwise `false`.
130    pub fn is_pong(&self) -> bool {
131        matches!(self, Self::Pong)
132    }
133
134    /// Checks if the opcode is a reserved frame.
135    ///
136    /// # Returns
137    ///
138    /// `true` if the opcode is `Reserved(_)`, otherwise `false`.
139    pub fn is_reserved(&self) -> bool {
140        matches!(self, Self::Reserved(_))
141    }
142}
143
144impl WebSocketFrame {
145    /// Decodes a WebSocket frame from the provided data slice.
146    ///
147    /// This function parses the raw bytes from a WebSocket stream according to the WebSocket protocol
148    /// specification to reconstruct a `WebSocketFrame`. It handles FIN bit, opcode, mask bit,
149    /// payload length (including extended lengths), mask key, and the payload data itself.
150    ///
151    /// # Arguments
152    ///
153    /// - `&[u8]` - The raw data slice from the WebSocket stream.
154    ///
155    /// # Returns
156    ///
157    /// - `Some((WebSocketFrame, usize))`: If the frame is successfully decoded, returns the decoded frame
158    ///   and the number of bytes consumed from the input slice.
159    /// - `None`: If the frame is incomplete or malformed.
160    pub fn decode_ws_frame(data: &[u8]) -> WebsocketFrameWithLengthOption {
161        if data.len() < 2 {
162            return None;
163        }
164        let mut index: usize = 0;
165        let fin: bool = (data[index] & 0b1000_0000) != 0;
166        let opcode: WebSocketOpcode = WebSocketOpcode::from_u8(data[index] & 0b0000_1111);
167        index += 1;
168        let mask: bool = (data[index] & 0b1000_0000) != 0;
169        let mut payload_len: usize = (data[index] & 0b0111_1111) as usize;
170        index += 1;
171        if payload_len == 126 {
172            if data.len() < index + 2 {
173                return None;
174            }
175            payload_len = u16::from_be_bytes(data[index..index + 2].try_into().ok()?) as usize;
176            index += 2;
177        } else if payload_len == 127 {
178            if data.len() < index + 8 {
179                return None;
180            }
181            payload_len = u64::from_be_bytes(data[index..index + 8].try_into().ok()?) as usize;
182            index += 8;
183        }
184        let mask_key: Option<[u8; 4]> = if mask {
185            if data.len() < index + 4 {
186                return None;
187            }
188            let key: [u8; 4] = data[index..index + 4].try_into().ok()?;
189            index += 4;
190            Some(key)
191        } else {
192            None
193        };
194        if data.len() < index + payload_len {
195            return None;
196        }
197        let mut payload: Vec<u8> = data[index..index + payload_len].to_vec();
198        if let Some(mask_key) = mask_key {
199            for (i, byte) in payload.iter_mut().enumerate() {
200                *byte ^= mask_key[i % 4];
201            }
202        }
203        index += payload_len;
204        let frame: WebSocketFrame = WebSocketFrame {
205            fin,
206            opcode,
207            mask,
208            payload_data: payload,
209        };
210        Some((frame, index))
211    }
212
213    /// Creates a list of response frames from the provided body.
214    ///
215    /// This method segments the response body into WebSocket frames, respecting the maximum frame size
216    /// and handling UTF-8 character boundaries for text frames. It determines the appropriate opcode
217    /// (Text or Binary) based on the body's content.
218    ///
219    /// # Arguments
220    ///
221    /// - `&ResponseBody` - A reference to a response body (payload) as a byte slice.
222    ///
223    /// # Returns
224    ///
225    /// - A vector of `ResponseBody` (byte vectors), where each element represents a framed WebSocket message.
226    pub fn create_response_frame_list(body: &ResponseBody) -> Vec<ResponseBody> {
227        let total_len: usize = body.len();
228        let mut offset: usize = 0;
229        let mut frames_list: Vec<ResponseBody> =
230            Vec::with_capacity((total_len / MAX_FRAME_SIZE) + 1);
231        let mut is_first_frame: bool = true;
232        let is_valid_utf8: bool = std::str::from_utf8(body).is_ok();
233        let base_opcode: WebSocketOpcode = if is_valid_utf8 {
234            WebSocketOpcode::Text
235        } else {
236            WebSocketOpcode::Binary
237        };
238        while offset < total_len {
239            let remaining: usize = total_len - offset;
240            let mut frame_size: usize = remaining.min(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
241            if is_valid_utf8 && frame_size < remaining {
242                while frame_size > 0 && (body[offset + frame_size] & 0xC0) == 0x80 {
243                    frame_size -= 1;
244                }
245                if frame_size == 0 {
246                    frame_size = remaining.min(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
247                }
248            }
249            let mut frame: ResponseBody = Vec::with_capacity(frame_size + 10);
250            let opcode: WebSocketOpcode = if is_first_frame {
251                base_opcode
252            } else {
253                WebSocketOpcode::Continuation
254            };
255            let fin: u8 = if remaining > frame_size { 0x00 } else { 0x80 };
256            let opcode_byte: u8 = opcode.to_u8() & 0x0F;
257            frame.push(fin | opcode_byte);
258            if frame_size < 126 {
259                frame.push(frame_size as u8);
260            } else if frame_size <= MAX_FRAME_SIZE {
261                frame.push(126);
262                frame.extend_from_slice(&(frame_size as u16).to_be_bytes());
263            } else {
264                frame.push(127);
265                frame.extend_from_slice(&(frame_size as u16).to_be_bytes());
266            }
267            let end: usize = offset + frame_size;
268            frame.extend_from_slice(&body[offset..end]);
269            frames_list.push(frame);
270            offset = end;
271            is_first_frame = false;
272        }
273        frames_list
274    }
275
276    /// Calculates the SHA-1 hash of the input data.
277    ///
278    /// This function implements the SHA-1 cryptographic hash algorithm according to RFC 3174.
279    /// It processes the input data in 512-bit (64-byte) blocks and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash.
280    ///
281    /// # Arguments
282    ///
283    /// - `&[u8]` - A byte slice containing the input data to be hashed.
284    ///
285    /// # Returns
286    ///
287    /// - A 20-byte array representing the SHA-1 hash of the input data.
288    pub fn sha1(data: &[u8]) -> [u8; 20] {
289        let mut hash_state: [u32; 5] = HASH_STATE;
290        let mut padded_data: Vec<u8> = Vec::from(data);
291        let original_length_bits: u64 = (padded_data.len() * 8) as u64;
292        padded_data.push(0x80);
293        while (padded_data.len() + 8) % 64 != 0 {
294            padded_data.push(0);
295        }
296        padded_data.extend_from_slice(&original_length_bits.to_be_bytes());
297        for block in padded_data.chunks_exact(64) {
298            let mut message_schedule: [u32; 80] = [0u32; 80];
299            for (i, block_chunk) in block.chunks_exact(4).enumerate().take(16) {
300                message_schedule[i] = u32::from_be_bytes([
301                    block_chunk[0],
302                    block_chunk[1],
303                    block_chunk[2],
304                    block_chunk[3],
305                ]);
306            }
307            for i in 16..80 {
308                message_schedule[i] = (message_schedule[i - 3]
309                    ^ message_schedule[i - 8]
310                    ^ message_schedule[i - 14]
311                    ^ message_schedule[i - 16])
312                    .rotate_left(1);
313            }
314            let [mut a, mut b, mut c, mut d, mut e] = hash_state;
315            for (i, &word) in message_schedule.iter().enumerate() {
316                let (f, k) = match i {
317                    0..=19 => ((b & c) | (!b & d), 0x5A827999),
318                    20..=39 => (b ^ c ^ d, 0x6ED9EBA1),
319                    40..=59 => ((b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d), 0x8F1BBCDC),
320                    _ => (b ^ c ^ d, 0xCA62C1D6),
321                };
322                let temp: u32 = a
323                    .rotate_left(5)
324                    .wrapping_add(f)
325                    .wrapping_add(e)
326                    .wrapping_add(k)
327                    .wrapping_add(word);
328                e = d;
329                d = c;
330                c = b.rotate_left(30);
331                b = a;
332                a = temp;
333            }
334            hash_state[0] = hash_state[0].wrapping_add(a);
335            hash_state[1] = hash_state[1].wrapping_add(b);
336            hash_state[2] = hash_state[2].wrapping_add(c);
337            hash_state[3] = hash_state[3].wrapping_add(d);
338            hash_state[4] = hash_state[4].wrapping_add(e);
339        }
340        let mut result: [u8; 20] = [0u8; 20];
341        for (i, &val) in hash_state.iter().enumerate() {
342            result[i * 4..(i + 1) * 4].copy_from_slice(&val.to_be_bytes());
343        }
344        result
345    }
346
347    /// Generates a WebSocket accept key from the client-provided key.
348    ///
349    /// This function is used during the WebSocket handshake to validate the client's request.
350    /// It concatenates the client's key with a specific GUID, calculates the SHA-1 hash of the result,
351    /// and then encodes the hash in base64.
352    ///
353    /// # Arguments
354    ///
355    /// - `&str` - A string slice containing the client-provided key (typically from the `Sec-WebSocket-Key` header).
356    ///
357    /// # Returns
358    ///
359    /// - A string representing the generated WebSocket accept key (typically for the `Sec-WebSocket-Accept` header).
360    pub fn generate_accept_key(key: &str) -> String {
361        let mut data: [u8; 60] = [0u8; 60];
362        data[..24].copy_from_slice(&key.as_bytes()[..24.min(key.len())]);
363        data[24..].copy_from_slice(GUID);
364        let hash: [u8; 20] = Self::sha1(&data);
365        Self::base64_encode(&hash)
366    }
367
368    /// Encodes the input data as a base64 string.
369    ///
370    /// This function implements the Base64 encoding scheme, converting binary data into an ASCII string format.
371    /// It processes the input data in chunks of 3 bytes and encodes them into 4 base64 characters.
372    /// Padding with '=' characters is applied if necessary.
373    ///
374    /// # Arguments
375    ///
376    /// - `&[u8]` - A byte slice containing the data to encode in base64.
377    ///
378    /// # Returns
379    ///
380    /// - A string with the base64 encoded representation of the input data.
381    pub fn base64_encode(data: &[u8]) -> String {
382        let mut encoded_data: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity((data.len() + 2) / 3 * 4);
383        for chunk in data.chunks(3) {
384            let mut buffer: [u8; 3] = [0u8; 3];
385            buffer[..chunk.len()].copy_from_slice(chunk);
386            let indices: [u8; 4] = [
387                buffer[0] >> 2,
388                ((buffer[0] & 0b11) << 4) | (buffer[1] >> 4),
389                ((buffer[1] & 0b1111) << 2) | (buffer[2] >> 6),
390                buffer[2] & 0b111111,
391            ];
392            for &idx in &indices[..chunk.len() + 1] {
393                encoded_data.push(BASE64_CHARSET_TABLE[idx as usize]);
394            }
395            while encoded_data.len() % 4 != 0 {
396                encoded_data.push(EQUAL_BYTES[0]);
397            }
398        }
399        String::from_utf8(encoded_data).unwrap()
400    }
401
402    /// Checks if the opcode is a continuation frame.
403    ///
404    /// # Returns
405    ///
406    /// `true` if the opcode is `Continuation`, otherwise `false`.
407    pub fn is_continuation_opcode(&self) -> bool {
408        self.opcode.is_continuation()
409    }
410
411    /// Checks if the opcode is a text frame.
412    ///
413    /// # Returns
414    ///
415    /// `true` if the opcode is `Text`, otherwise `false`.
416    pub fn is_text_opcode(&self) -> bool {
417        self.opcode.is_text()
418    }
419
420    /// Checks if the opcode is a binary frame.
421    ///
422    /// # Returns
423    ///
424    /// `true` if the opcode is `Binary`, otherwise `false`.
425    pub fn is_binary_opcode(&self) -> bool {
426        self.opcode.is_binary()
427    }
428
429    /// Checks if the opcode is a close frame.
430    ///
431    /// # Returns
432    ///
433    /// `true` if the opcode is `Close`, otherwise `false`.
434    pub fn is_close_opcode(&self) -> bool {
435        self.opcode.is_close()
436    }
437
438    /// Checks if the opcode is a ping frame.
439    ///
440    /// # Returns
441    ///
442    /// `true` if the opcode is `Ping`, otherwise `false`.
443    pub fn is_ping_opcode(&self) -> bool {
444        self.opcode.is_ping()
445    }
446
447    /// Checks if the opcode is a pong frame.
448    ///
449    /// # Returns
450    ///
451    /// `true` if the opcode is `Pong`, otherwise `false`.
452    pub fn is_pong_opcode(&self) -> bool {
453        self.opcode.is_pong()
454    }
455
456    /// Checks if the opcode is a reserved frame.
457    ///
458    /// # Returns
459    ///
460    /// `true` if the opcode is `Reserved(_)`, otherwise `false`.
461    pub fn is_reserved_opcode(&self) -> bool {
462        self.opcode.is_reserved()
463    }
464}