[−][src]Crate glam
glam
glam
is a simple and fast linear algebra library for games and graphics.
Features
glam
is built with SIMD in mind. Currently only SSE2 on x86/x86_64 is
supported as this is what stable Rust supports.
- Single precision float (
f32
) support only - SSE2 implementation for most types, including
Mat2
,Mat3
,Mat4
,Quat
,Vec3
andVec4
- SSE2 implementation of
sin_cos
- Scalar fallback implementations exist when SSE2 is not available
- Most functionality includes unit tests and benchmarks
Linear algebra conventions
glam
interprets vectors as column matrices (also known as "column vectors")
meaning when transforming a vector with a matrix the matrix goes on the left.
use glam::{Mat3, Vec3}; let m = Mat3::identity(); let x = Vec3::unit_x(); let v = m * x; assert_eq!(v, x);
Matrices are stored in memory in column-major order.
Rotations follow left-hand rule. The direction of the axis gives the direction of rotation: with the left thumb pointing in the positive direction of the axis the left fingers curl around the axis in the direction of the rotation.
use glam::{Mat3, Vec3}; // rotate +x 90 degrees clockwise around y giving -z let m = Mat3::from_rotation_y(90.0_f32.to_radians()); let v = m * Vec3::unit_x(); assert!(v.abs_diff_eq(-Vec3::unit_z(), core::f32::EPSILON));
Size and alignment of types
Most glam
types use SIMD for storage meaning most types are 16 byte aligned.
The only exception is Vec2`. When SSE2 is not available on the target
architecture the types will still be 16 byte aligned, so object sizes and
layouts will not change between architectures.
16 byte alignment means that some types will have a stride larger than their size resulting in some wasted space.
Type | f32 bytes | SIMD bytes | Wasted bytes |
---|---|---|---|
Vec3 | 12 | 16 | 4 |
Mat3 | 36 | 48 | 12 |
Despite this wasted space the SIMD version tends to outperform the f32
implementation in mathbench
benchmarks.
SIMD support can be disabled entirely using the scalar-math
feature. This
feature will also disable SIMD alignment meaning most types will use native
f32
alignment of 4 bytes.
Accessing internal data
The SIMD types that glam
builds on are opaque and their contents are not
directly accessible. Because of this glam
types uses getter and setter
methods instead of providing direct access.
use glam::Vec3; let mut v = Vec3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0); assert_eq!(v.y(), 2.0); v.set_z(1.0); assert_eq!(v.z(), 1.0);
If you need to access multiple elements it is easier to convert the type to a tuple or array:
use glam::Vec3; let v = Vec3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0); let (x, y, z) = v.into(); assert_eq!((x, y, z), (1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
SIMD and scalar consistency
glam
types implement serde
Serialize
and Deserialize
traits to ensure
that they will serialize and deserialize exactly the same whether or not
SIMD support is being used.
The SIMD versions implement std::fmt::Display
traits so they print the same as
the scalar version.
use glam::Vec3; let a = Vec3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0); assert_eq!(format!("{}", a), "[1, 2, 3]");
Feature gates
All glam
dependencies are optional, however some are required for tests
and benchmarks.
"std"
- the default feature, has no dependencies."rand"
- used to generate random values. Used in benchmarks."serde"
- used for serialization and deserialization of types."mint"
- used for interoperating with other linear algebra libraries."scalar-math"
- disables SIMD support and uses native alignment for all types.
Modules
f32 |
Structs
Mat2 | A 2x2 column major matrix. |
Mat3 | A 3x3 column major matrix. |
Mat4 | A 4x4 column major matrix. |
Quat | A quaternion representing an orientation. |
Vec2 | A 2-dimensional vector. |
Vec2Mask | A 2-dimensional vector mask. |
Vec3 | A 3-dimensional vector. |
Vec3Mask | A 3-dimensional vector mask. |
Vec4 | A 4-dimensional vector. |
Vec4Mask | A 4-dimensional vector mask. |
Functions
mat2 | |
mat3 | |
mat4 | |
quat | |
vec2 | |
vec3 | |
vec4 |