#1019 stage 1 / #2022 — arc-length (unit-speed) chart canonicalization for d = 1.
The arc-length reparameterization is exact and IMAGE-FROZEN (reconstruction
unchanged; the transport preserves BᵀSB), so it is a gauge RETRACTION along
the Diff(M) orbit that leaves the data-fit AND intrinsic-smoothness objective
invariant. #2022 promotes it from a post-fit pass to IN-LOOP enforcement (see
unit_speed_retraction), applied at chart-refresh boundaries — never inside a
line search, because it re-gauges t and thus changes the ARD coordinate
prior energy (the term that pins the residual gauge to t → ±t + c). Post-fit
canonicalization then reduces to a verification no-op.
#1019 stage 1 — arc-length (unit-speed) chart canonicalization for d = 1
manifold atoms (circle and interval topologies).