ftui_core/

terminal_capabilities.rs

#![forbid(unsafe_code)]

//! Terminal capability detection model with tear-free output strategies.
//!
//! This module provides detection of terminal capabilities to inform how ftui
//! behaves on different terminals. Detection is based on environment variables
//! and known terminal program identification.
//!
//! # Capability Profiles (bd-k4lj.2)
//!
//! In addition to runtime detection, this module provides predefined terminal
//! profiles for testing and simulation. Each profile represents a known terminal
//! configuration with its expected capabilities.
//!
//! ## Predefined Profiles
//!
//! | Profile | Description |
//! |---------|-------------|
//! | `xterm_256color()` | Standard xterm with 256-color support |
//! | `xterm()` | Basic xterm with 16 colors |
//! | `vt100()` | VT100 terminal (minimal features) |
//! | `dumb()` | Dumb terminal (no capabilities) |
//! | `screen()` | GNU Screen multiplexer |
//! | `tmux()` | tmux multiplexer |
//! | `windows_console()` | Windows Console Host |
//! | `modern()` | Modern terminal with all features |
//!
//! ## Profile Builder
//!
//! For custom configurations, use [`CapabilityProfileBuilder`]:
//!
//! ```
//! use ftui_core::terminal_capabilities::{CapabilityProfileBuilder, ColorDepth};
//!
//! let custom = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
//!     .color_depth(ColorDepth::TrueColor)
//!     .mouse_sgr(true)
//!     .build();
//! ```
//!
//! ## Profile Switching
//!
//! Profiles can be identified by name for dynamic switching in tests:
//!
//! ```
//! use ftui_core::terminal_capabilities::TerminalCapabilities;
//!
//! let profile = TerminalCapabilities::xterm_256color();
//! assert_eq!(profile.profile_name(), Some("xterm-256color"));
//! ```
//!
//! Override detection in tests by setting `FTUI_TEST_PROFILE` to a known
//! profile name (for example: `dumb`, `screen`, `tmux`, `windows-console`).
//!
//! # Detection Strategy
//!
//! We detect capabilities using:
//! - `COLORTERM`: truecolor/24bit support
//! - `TERM`: terminal type (kitty, xterm-256color, etc.)
//! - `TERM_PROGRAM`: specific terminal (iTerm.app, WezTerm, Alacritty, Ghostty)
//! - `NO_COLOR`: de-facto standard for disabling color
//! - `TMUX`, `STY`, `ZELLIJ`, `WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET`, `WEZTERM_PANE`: multiplexer detection
//! - `KITTY_WINDOW_ID`: Kitty terminal detection
//!
//! # Invariants (bd-1rz0.6)
//!
//! 1. **Sync-output safety**: `use_sync_output()` returns `false` for any
//!    multiplexer environment (tmux, screen, zellij, wezterm mux) because CSI ?2026 h/l
//!    sequences are unreliable through passthrough. Detection also hard-disables
//!    synchronized output in WezTerm sessions as a safety fallback.
//!
//! 2. **Scroll region safety**: `use_scroll_region()` returns `false` in
//!    multiplexers because DECSTBM behavior varies across versions.
//!
//! 3. **Capability monotonicity**: Once a capability is detected as absent,
//!    it remains absent for the session. We never upgrade capabilities.
//!
//! 4. **Fallback ordering**: Capabilities degrade in this order:
//!    `sync_output` → `scroll_region` → `overlay_redraw`
//!
//! 5. **Detection determinism**: Given the same environment variables,
//!    `TerminalCapabilities::detect()` always produces the same result.
//!
//! # Failure Modes
//!
//! | Mode | Condition | Fallback Behavior |
//! |------|-----------|-------------------|
//! | Dumb terminal | `TERM=dumb` or empty | All advanced features disabled |
//! | Unknown mux | Nested or chained mux | Conservative: disable sync/scroll |
//! | False positive mux | Non-mux with `TMUX` env | Unnecessary fallback (safe) |
//! | Missing env vars | Env cleared by parent | Conservative defaults |
//! | Conflicting signals | e.g., modern term inside screen | Mux detection wins |
//!
//! # Decision Rules
//!
//! The policy methods (`use_sync_output()`, `use_scroll_region()`, etc.)
//! implement an evidence-based decision rule:
//!
//! ```text
//! IF in_any_mux() THEN disable_advanced_features
//! ELSE IF capability_detected THEN enable_feature
//! ELSE use_conservative_default
//! ```
//!
//! This fail-safe approach means false negatives (disabling a feature that
//! would work) are preferred over false positives (enabling a feature that
//! corrupts output).
//!
//! # Future: Runtime Probing
//!
//! Optional feature-gated probing may be added for:
//! - Device attribute queries (DA)
//! - OSC queries for capabilities
//! - Must be bounded with timeouts

use std::env;
use std::ffi::OsString;
use std::str::FromStr;

fn normalize_terminal_env_value(value: &str) -> String {
    value.trim().to_ascii_lowercase()
}

fn is_dumb_terminal(term: &str, windows_terminal: bool) -> bool {
    term == "dumb" || (term.is_empty() && !windows_terminal)
}

fn colorterm_declares_true_color(colorterm: &str) -> bool {
    matches!(colorterm, "truecolor" | "24bit")
}

fn term_declares_true_color(term: &str) -> bool {
    let direct_color = term.rsplit_once("-direct").is_some_and(|(base, suffix)| {
        !base.is_empty() && suffix.bytes().all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_digit())
    });

    direct_color || term.ends_with("-truecolor") || term == "24bit" || term.ends_with("-24bit")
}

/// Maximum color fidelity the terminal may receive.
///
/// This is a single ordered capability rather than independent booleans so
/// impossible states such as "truecolor but not 256-color" cannot exist.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default)]
#[repr(u8)]
pub enum ColorDepth {
    /// Do not emit foreground or background color sequences.
    #[default]
    Mono,
    /// Standard 16-color ANSI palette.
    Ansi16,
    /// Extended 256-color ANSI palette.
    Ansi256,
    /// Full 24-bit RGB color.
    TrueColor,
}

impl ColorDepth {
    /// Detect color depth using the canonical terminal capability detector.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn detect() -> Self {
        TerminalCapabilities::detect().color_depth
    }

    /// Detect color depth from explicit environment values.
    ///
    /// `NO_COLOR` presence wins over every terminal signal. `TERM=dumb`,
    /// `TERM=vt100`, and a missing/empty `TERM` are monochrome. Direct-color
    /// TERM variants (`*-direct[digits]`, `*-truecolor`, and `*-24bit`) receive
    /// truecolor. Plain xterm and other non-dumb terminals conservatively
    /// receive ANSI16.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn detect_from_env(
        no_color: Option<&str>,
        colorterm: Option<&str>,
        term: Option<&str>,
    ) -> Self {
        let term = normalize_terminal_env_value(term.unwrap_or_default());
        let colorterm = normalize_terminal_env_value(colorterm.unwrap_or_default());
        Self::detect_normalized(
            no_color.is_some(),
            is_dumb_terminal(&term, false),
            &colorterm,
            &term,
            false,
        )
    }

    fn detect_normalized(
        no_color: bool,
        is_dumb: bool,
        colorterm: &str,
        term: &str,
        inferred_true_color: bool,
    ) -> Self {
        if no_color || is_dumb || term == "vt100" {
            Self::Mono
        } else if term == "linux" {
            Self::Ansi16
        } else if colorterm_declares_true_color(colorterm)
            || term_declares_true_color(term)
            || inferred_true_color
        {
            Self::TrueColor
        } else if term.contains("256color") || term.contains("256") {
            Self::Ansi256
        } else {
            Self::Ansi16
        }
    }

    /// Stable identifier used in diagnostics and evidence logs.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Self::Mono => "mono",
            Self::Ansi16 => "ansi16",
            Self::Ansi256 => "ansi256",
            Self::TrueColor => "truecolor",
        }
    }

    /// Whether any color sequences may be emitted.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn supports_color(self) -> bool {
        !matches!(self, Self::Mono)
    }

    /// Whether the terminal supports at least the 256-color palette.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn supports_256_colors(self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::Ansi256 | Self::TrueColor)
    }

    /// Whether the terminal supports 24-bit RGB color.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn supports_true_color(self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::TrueColor)
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Display for ColorDepth {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.write_str(self.as_str())
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct DetectInputs {
    no_color: bool,
    term: String,
    term_program: String,
    colorterm: String,
    in_tmux: bool,
    in_screen: bool,
    in_zellij: bool,
    wezterm_unix_socket: bool,
    wezterm_pane: bool,
    wezterm_executable: bool,
    kitty_window_id: bool,
    wt_session: bool,
}

impl DetectInputs {
    fn from_env() -> Self {
        Self::from_env_with(|key| env::var_os(key))
    }

    fn from_env_with<F>(get_env: F) -> Self
    where
        F: Fn(&str) -> Option<OsString>,
    {
        let text = |key| {
            get_env(key)
                .and_then(|value| value.into_string().ok())
                .unwrap_or_default()
        };
        let utf8_present = |key| get_env(key).is_some_and(|value| value.into_string().is_ok());

        Self {
            no_color: get_env("NO_COLOR").is_some(),
            term: text("TERM"),
            term_program: text("TERM_PROGRAM"),
            colorterm: text("COLORTERM"),
            in_tmux: utf8_present("TMUX"),
            in_screen: utf8_present("STY"),
            in_zellij: utf8_present("ZELLIJ"),
            wezterm_unix_socket: utf8_present("WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET"),
            wezterm_pane: utf8_present("WEZTERM_PANE"),
            wezterm_executable: utf8_present("WEZTERM_EXECUTABLE"),
            kitty_window_id: utf8_present("KITTY_WINDOW_ID"),
            wt_session: utf8_present("WT_SESSION"),
        }
    }
}

/// Known modern terminal programs that support advanced features.
const MODERN_TERMINALS: &[&str] = &[
    "iTerm.app",
    "WezTerm",
    "Alacritty",
    "Ghostty",
    "kitty",
    "Rio",
    "Hyper",
    "Contour",
    "vscode",
    "Black Box",
];

/// Terminals known to implement the Kitty keyboard protocol.
const KITTY_KEYBOARD_TERMINALS: &[&str] = &[
    "iTerm.app",
    "WezTerm",
    "Alacritty",
    "Ghostty",
    "Rio",
    "kitty",
    "foot",
    "Black Box",
];

/// Terminal programs that support synchronized output (DEC 2026).
///
/// NOTE: WezTerm is intentionally excluded as a safety fallback due to observed
/// mux/terminal instability around DEC ?2026 h/l in real-world setups.
const SYNC_OUTPUT_TERMINALS: &[&str] = &["Alacritty", "Ghostty", "kitty", "Contour"];

/// Known terminal profile identifiers.
///
/// These names correspond to predefined capability configurations.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub enum TerminalProfile {
    /// Modern terminal with all features (WezTerm, Alacritty, Ghostty, etc.)
    Modern,
    /// xterm with 256-color support
    Xterm256Color,
    /// Basic xterm with 16 colors
    Xterm,
    /// VT100 terminal (minimal)
    Vt100,
    /// Dumb terminal (no capabilities)
    Dumb,
    /// GNU Screen multiplexer
    Screen,
    /// tmux multiplexer
    Tmux,
    /// Zellij multiplexer
    Zellij,
    /// Windows Console Host
    WindowsConsole,
    /// Kitty terminal
    Kitty,
    /// Linux console (16 colors, basic features)
    LinuxConsole,
    /// Custom profile (user-defined)
    Custom,
    /// Auto-detected from environment
    Detected,
}

impl TerminalProfile {
    /// Get the profile name as a string.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn as_str(&self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Self::Modern => "modern",
            Self::Xterm256Color => "xterm-256color",
            Self::Xterm => "xterm",
            Self::Vt100 => "vt100",
            Self::Dumb => "dumb",
            Self::Screen => "screen",
            Self::Tmux => "tmux",
            Self::Zellij => "zellij",
            Self::WindowsConsole => "windows-console",
            Self::Kitty => "kitty",
            Self::LinuxConsole => "linux",
            Self::Custom => "custom",
            Self::Detected => "detected",
        }
    }

    /// Get all known profile identifiers (excluding Custom and Detected).
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn all_predefined() -> &'static [Self] {
        &[
            Self::Modern,
            Self::Xterm256Color,
            Self::Xterm,
            Self::Vt100,
            Self::Dumb,
            Self::Screen,
            Self::Tmux,
            Self::Zellij,
            Self::WindowsConsole,
            Self::Kitty,
            Self::LinuxConsole,
        ]
    }
}

impl std::str::FromStr for TerminalProfile {
    type Err = ();

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
            "modern" => Ok(Self::Modern),
            "xterm-256color" | "xterm256color" | "xterm-256" => Ok(Self::Xterm256Color),
            "xterm" => Ok(Self::Xterm),
            "vt100" => Ok(Self::Vt100),
            "dumb" => Ok(Self::Dumb),
            "screen" | "screen-256color" => Ok(Self::Screen),
            "tmux" | "tmux-256color" => Ok(Self::Tmux),
            "zellij" => Ok(Self::Zellij),
            "windows-console" | "windows" | "conhost" => Ok(Self::WindowsConsole),
            "kitty" | "xterm-kitty" => Ok(Self::Kitty),
            "linux" | "linux-console" => Ok(Self::LinuxConsole),
            "custom" => Ok(Self::Custom),
            "detected" | "auto" => Ok(Self::Detected),
            _ => Err(()),
        }
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Display for TerminalProfile {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", self.as_str())
    }
}

/// Terminal capability model.
///
/// This struct describes what features a terminal supports. Use [`detect`](Self::detect)
/// to auto-detect from the environment, or [`basic`](Self::basic) for a minimal fallback.
///
/// # Predefined Profiles
///
/// For testing and simulation, use predefined profiles:
/// - [`modern()`](Self::modern) - Full-featured modern terminal
/// - [`xterm_256color()`](Self::xterm_256color) - Standard xterm with 256 colors
/// - [`xterm()`](Self::xterm) - Basic xterm with 16 colors
/// - [`vt100()`](Self::vt100) - VT100 terminal (minimal)
/// - [`dumb()`](Self::dumb) - No capabilities
/// - [`screen()`](Self::screen) - GNU Screen
/// - [`tmux()`](Self::tmux) - tmux multiplexer
/// - [`kitty()`](Self::kitty) - Kitty terminal
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct TerminalCapabilities {
    // Profile identification
    profile: TerminalProfile,

    // Color support
    /// Maximum supported color fidelity.
    pub color_depth: ColorDepth,

    // Glyph support
    /// Unicode box-drawing support.
    pub unicode_box_drawing: bool,
    /// Emoji glyph support.
    pub unicode_emoji: bool,
    /// Double-width glyph support (CJK/emoji).
    pub double_width: bool,

    // Advanced features
    /// Synchronized output (DEC mode 2026) to reduce flicker.
    pub sync_output: bool,
    /// OSC 8 hyperlinks support.
    pub osc8_hyperlinks: bool,
    /// Scroll region support (DECSTBM).
    pub scroll_region: bool,

    // Multiplexer detection
    /// Running inside tmux.
    pub in_tmux: bool,
    /// Running inside GNU screen.
    pub in_screen: bool,
    /// Running inside Zellij.
    pub in_zellij: bool,
    /// Running inside a WezTerm mux-served session (or any WezTerm window).
    ///
    /// Detected via `WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET` / `WEZTERM_PANE` /
    /// `WEZTERM_EXECUTABLE`, and — conservatively — via WezTerm identity in
    /// `TERM_PROGRAM` or `TERM`, because mux sessions do not always preserve
    /// the `WEZTERM_*` markers across shell launch paths. This deliberately
    /// fires for every WezTerm window, mux-served or not (fail-safe).
    pub in_wezterm_mux: bool,

    // Input features
    /// Kitty keyboard protocol support.
    pub kitty_keyboard: bool,
    /// Focus event reporting support.
    pub focus_events: bool,
    /// Bracketed paste mode support.
    pub bracketed_paste: bool,
    /// SGR mouse protocol support.
    pub mouse_sgr: bool,

    // Optional features
    /// OSC 52 clipboard support (best-effort, security restricted in some terminals).
    pub osc52_clipboard: bool,
}

impl Default for TerminalCapabilities {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::basic()
    }
}

// ============================================================================
// Predefined Capability Profiles (bd-k4lj.2)
// ============================================================================

impl TerminalCapabilities {
    // ── Profile Identification ─────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Get the profile identifier for this capability set.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn profile(&self) -> TerminalProfile {
        self.profile
    }

    /// Get the profile name as a string.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` for detected capabilities (use [`profile()`](Self::profile)
    /// to distinguish between profiles).
    #[must_use]
    pub fn profile_name(&self) -> Option<&'static str> {
        match self.profile {
            TerminalProfile::Detected => None,
            p => Some(p.as_str()),
        }
    }

    /// Create capabilities from a profile identifier.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn from_profile(profile: TerminalProfile) -> Self {
        match profile {
            TerminalProfile::Modern => Self::modern(),
            TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color => Self::xterm_256color(),
            TerminalProfile::Xterm => Self::xterm(),
            TerminalProfile::Vt100 => Self::vt100(),
            TerminalProfile::Dumb => Self::dumb(),
            TerminalProfile::Screen => Self::screen(),
            TerminalProfile::Tmux => Self::tmux(),
            TerminalProfile::Zellij => Self::zellij(),
            TerminalProfile::WindowsConsole => Self::windows_console(),
            TerminalProfile::Kitty => Self::kitty(),
            TerminalProfile::LinuxConsole => Self::linux_console(),
            TerminalProfile::Custom => {
                // Same conservative capability set as basic(), but stamped
                // with the requested profile so from_profile round-trips.
                let mut caps = Self::basic();
                caps.profile = TerminalProfile::Custom;
                caps
            }
            TerminalProfile::Detected => Self::detect(),
        }
    }

    // ── Predefined Profiles ────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Modern terminal with all features enabled.
    ///
    /// Represents terminals like WezTerm, Alacritty, Ghostty, Kitty, iTerm2.
    /// All advanced features are enabled.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn modern() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Modern,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::TrueColor,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: true,
            osc8_hyperlinks: true,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: true,
            focus_events: true,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: true,
        }
    }

    /// xterm with 256-color support.
    ///
    /// Standard xterm-256color profile with common features.
    /// No true color, no sync output, no hyperlinks.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn xterm_256color() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Ansi256,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Basic xterm with 16 colors only.
    ///
    /// Minimal xterm without 256-color or advanced features.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn xterm() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Xterm,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Ansi16,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: false,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// VT100 terminal (minimal capabilities).
    ///
    /// Classic VT100 with basic cursor control, no colors.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn vt100() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Vt100,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Mono,
            unicode_box_drawing: false,
            unicode_emoji: false,
            double_width: false,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: false,
            mouse_sgr: false,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Dumb terminal with no capabilities.
    ///
    /// Alias for [`basic()`](Self::basic) with the Dumb profile identifier.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn dumb() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Dumb,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Mono,
            unicode_box_drawing: false,
            unicode_emoji: false,
            double_width: false,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: false,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: false,
            mouse_sgr: false,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// GNU Screen multiplexer.
    ///
    /// Screen with 256 colors but multiplexer-safe settings.
    /// Sync output and scroll region disabled for passthrough safety.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn screen() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Screen,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Ansi256,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: true,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// tmux multiplexer.
    ///
    /// tmux with 256 colors and multiplexer detection.
    /// Advanced features disabled for passthrough safety.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn tmux() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Tmux,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Ansi256,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: true,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Zellij multiplexer.
    ///
    /// Zellij with true color (it has better passthrough than tmux/screen).
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn zellij() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Zellij,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::TrueColor,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: true,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: true,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Windows Console Host.
    ///
    /// Windows Terminal with good color support but some quirks.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn windows_console() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::WindowsConsole,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::TrueColor,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: true,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: true,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: true,
        }
    }

    /// Kitty terminal.
    ///
    /// Kitty with full feature set including keyboard protocol.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn kitty() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Kitty,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::TrueColor,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: true,
            double_width: true,
            sync_output: true,
            osc8_hyperlinks: true,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: true,
            focus_events: true,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: true,
        }
    }

    /// Linux console (framebuffer console).
    ///
    /// Linux console with ANSI 16-color and basic single-width glyph support.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn linux_console() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::LinuxConsole,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Ansi16,
            unicode_box_drawing: true,
            unicode_emoji: false,
            double_width: false,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: true,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: true,
            mouse_sgr: true,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Create a builder for custom capability profiles.
    ///
    /// Start with all capabilities disabled and enable what you need.
    pub fn builder() -> CapabilityProfileBuilder {
        CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
    }
}

// ============================================================================
// Capability Profile Builder (bd-k4lj.2)
// ============================================================================

/// Builder for custom terminal capability profiles.
///
/// Enables fine-grained control over capability configuration for testing
/// and simulation purposes.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use ftui_core::terminal_capabilities::{CapabilityProfileBuilder, ColorDepth};
///
/// let profile = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
///     .color_depth(ColorDepth::TrueColor)
///     .mouse_sgr(true)
///     .bracketed_paste(true)
///     .build();
///
/// assert_eq!(profile.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[must_use]
pub struct CapabilityProfileBuilder {
    caps: TerminalCapabilities,
}

impl Default for CapabilityProfileBuilder {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl CapabilityProfileBuilder {
    /// Create a new builder with all capabilities disabled.
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            caps: TerminalCapabilities {
                profile: TerminalProfile::Custom,
                color_depth: ColorDepth::Mono,
                unicode_box_drawing: false,
                unicode_emoji: false,
                double_width: false,
                sync_output: false,
                osc8_hyperlinks: false,
                scroll_region: false,
                in_tmux: false,
                in_screen: false,
                in_zellij: false,
                in_wezterm_mux: false,
                kitty_keyboard: false,
                focus_events: false,
                bracketed_paste: false,
                mouse_sgr: false,
                osc52_clipboard: false,
            },
        }
    }

    /// Start from an existing profile.
    pub fn from_profile(profile: TerminalProfile) -> Self {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::from_profile(profile);
        caps.profile = TerminalProfile::Custom;
        Self { caps }
    }

    /// Build the final capability set.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn build(self) -> TerminalCapabilities {
        self.caps
    }

    // ── Color Capabilities ─────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Set maximum color fidelity.
    pub const fn color_depth(mut self, depth: ColorDepth) -> Self {
        self.caps.color_depth = depth;
        self
    }

    // ── Advanced Features ──────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Set synchronized output (DEC mode 2026) support.
    pub const fn sync_output(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.sync_output = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set OSC 8 hyperlinks support.
    pub const fn osc8_hyperlinks(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.osc8_hyperlinks = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set scroll region (DECSTBM) support.
    pub const fn scroll_region(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.scroll_region = enabled;
        self
    }

    // ── Multiplexer Flags ──────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Set whether running inside tmux.
    pub const fn in_tmux(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.in_tmux = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set whether running inside GNU screen.
    pub const fn in_screen(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.in_screen = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set whether running inside Zellij.
    pub const fn in_zellij(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.in_zellij = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set whether running inside a WezTerm mux-served session.
    pub const fn in_wezterm_mux(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.in_wezterm_mux = enabled;
        self
    }

    // ── Input Features ─────────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Set Kitty keyboard protocol support.
    pub const fn kitty_keyboard(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.kitty_keyboard = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set focus event reporting support.
    pub const fn focus_events(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.focus_events = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set bracketed paste mode support.
    pub const fn bracketed_paste(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.bracketed_paste = enabled;
        self
    }

    /// Set SGR mouse protocol support.
    pub const fn mouse_sgr(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.mouse_sgr = enabled;
        self
    }

    // ── Optional Features ──────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Set OSC 52 clipboard support.
    pub const fn osc52_clipboard(mut self, enabled: bool) -> Self {
        self.caps.osc52_clipboard = enabled;
        self
    }
}

impl TerminalCapabilities {
    /// Detect terminal capabilities from the environment.
    ///
    /// This examines environment variables to determine what features the
    /// current terminal supports. When in doubt, capabilities are disabled
    /// for safety.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn detect() -> Self {
        let value = env::var("FTUI_TEST_PROFILE").ok();
        Self::detect_with_test_profile_override(value.as_deref())
    }

    fn detect_with_test_profile_override(value: Option<&str>) -> Self {
        if let Some(value) = value
            && let Ok(profile) = TerminalProfile::from_str(value.trim())
            && profile != TerminalProfile::Detected
        {
            return Self::from_profile(profile);
        }
        let env = DetectInputs::from_env();
        Self::detect_from_inputs(&env)
    }

    fn detect_from_inputs(env: &DetectInputs) -> Self {
        let term = normalize_terminal_env_value(&env.term);
        let term_program = normalize_terminal_env_value(&env.term_program);
        let colorterm = normalize_terminal_env_value(&env.colorterm);

        // Multiplexer detection. The $TMUX/$STY env vars do not survive
        // ssh/sudo/container boundaries, but the mux's TERM value does
        // (TERM=tmux-256color / screen-256color). Treat TERM identity as
        // conservative mux evidence — the same fail-safe reasoning applied
        // to WezTerm below — so use_scroll_region() etc. stay disabled
        // inside a mux pane reached over ssh (doc invariant: mux wins).
        let in_tmux = env.in_tmux || term.starts_with("tmux");
        let in_screen = env.in_screen || term.starts_with("screen");
        let in_zellij = env.in_zellij;

        // WezTerm mux sessions may not always preserve WEZTERM_* env markers
        // across shell launch paths. Treat explicit WezTerm identity itself as
        // conservative mux evidence so policy remains fail-safe.
        let term_program_is_wezterm = term_program.contains("wezterm");
        let term_is_wezterm = term.contains("wezterm");
        let in_wezterm_mux = term_program_is_wezterm
            || term_is_wezterm
            || env.wezterm_unix_socket
            || env.wezterm_pane
            || env.wezterm_executable;
        let in_any_mux = in_tmux || in_screen || in_zellij || in_wezterm_mux;

        // Windows Terminal detection
        let is_windows_terminal = env.wt_session;

        // Check for dumb terminal
        //
        // NOTE: Windows Terminal often omits TERM; treat it as non-dumb when
        // WT_SESSION is present so we don't incorrectly disable features.
        let is_dumb = is_dumb_terminal(&term, is_windows_terminal);

        // Kitty detection
        let is_kitty = env.kitty_window_id || term.contains("kitty");

        // Check if running in a modern terminal
        let is_modern_terminal = MODERN_TERMINALS.iter().any(|t| {
            let t_lower = t.to_ascii_lowercase();
            term_program.contains(&t_lower) || term.contains(&t_lower)
        }) || is_windows_terminal;

        let color_depth = ColorDepth::detect_normalized(
            env.no_color,
            is_dumb,
            &colorterm,
            &term,
            is_modern_terminal || is_kitty,
        );

        // Keep WezTerm inference conservative: any explicit WezTerm marker
        // should disable risky capabilities even if terminal identity is mixed.
        let is_wezterm = term_program_is_wezterm || term_is_wezterm || env.wezterm_executable;

        // Synchronized output detection
        let sync_output = !is_dumb
            && !is_wezterm
            && (is_kitty
                || SYNC_OUTPUT_TERMINALS.iter().any(|t| {
                    let t_lower = t.to_ascii_lowercase();
                    term_program.contains(&t_lower)
                }));

        // OSC 8 hyperlinks detection
        let osc8_hyperlinks = !env.no_color && !is_dumb && is_modern_terminal;

        // Scroll region support (broadly available except dumb)
        let scroll_region = !is_dumb;

        // Kitty keyboard protocol (kitty + other compatible terminals).
        // Gated on !is_dumb like every other capability: TERM=dumb with an
        // inherited TERM_PROGRAM (e.g. Emacs shell inside kitty/iTerm2) must
        // not receive CSI > u progressive-enhancement sequences.
        let kitty_keyboard = !is_dumb
            && (is_kitty
                || KITTY_KEYBOARD_TERMINALS.iter().any(|t| {
                    let t_lower = t.to_ascii_lowercase();
                    term_program.contains(&t_lower) || term.contains(&t_lower)
                }));

        // Focus events (available in most modern terminals)
        let focus_events = !is_dumb && (is_modern_terminal || is_kitty);

        // Bracketed paste (broadly available except dumb)
        let bracketed_paste = !is_dumb;

        // SGR mouse (broadly available except dumb)
        let mouse_sgr = !is_dumb;

        // OSC 52 clipboard (security restricted in multiplexers by default)
        let osc52_clipboard = !is_dumb && !in_any_mux && (is_modern_terminal || is_kitty);

        // Unicode glyph support (assume available in modern terminals)
        let unicode_box_drawing = !is_dumb;
        let unicode_emoji = !is_dumb && (is_modern_terminal || is_kitty);
        let double_width = !is_dumb && term != "linux";

        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Detected,
            color_depth,
            unicode_box_drawing,
            unicode_emoji,
            double_width,
            sync_output,
            osc8_hyperlinks,
            scroll_region,
            in_tmux,
            in_screen,
            in_zellij,
            in_wezterm_mux,
            kitty_keyboard,
            focus_events,
            bracketed_paste,
            mouse_sgr,
            osc52_clipboard,
        }
    }

    /// Create a minimal fallback capability set.
    ///
    /// This is safe to use on any terminal, including dumb terminals.
    /// All advanced features are disabled.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn basic() -> Self {
        Self {
            profile: TerminalProfile::Dumb,
            color_depth: ColorDepth::Mono,
            unicode_box_drawing: false,
            unicode_emoji: false,
            double_width: false,
            sync_output: false,
            osc8_hyperlinks: false,
            scroll_region: false,
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            in_wezterm_mux: false,
            kitty_keyboard: false,
            focus_events: false,
            bracketed_paste: false,
            mouse_sgr: false,
            osc52_clipboard: false,
        }
    }

    /// Check if running inside any terminal multiplexer.
    ///
    /// This includes tmux, GNU screen, Zellij, and WezTerm mux.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn in_any_mux(&self) -> bool {
        self.in_tmux || self.in_screen || self.in_zellij || self.in_wezterm_mux
    }

    /// Check if any color support is available.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn has_color(&self) -> bool {
        self.color_depth.supports_color()
    }

    /// Whether the terminal supports at least the 256-color palette.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn supports_256_colors(&self) -> bool {
        self.color_depth.supports_256_colors()
    }

    /// Whether the terminal supports 24-bit RGB color.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn supports_true_color(&self) -> bool {
        self.color_depth.supports_true_color()
    }

    // --- Mux-aware feature policies ---
    //
    // These methods apply conservative defaults when running inside a
    // multiplexer to avoid quirks with sequence passthrough.

    /// Whether synchronized output (DEC 2026) should be used.
    ///
    /// Disabled in multiplexers because passthrough is unreliable
    /// for mode-setting sequences. Also disabled for all WezTerm sessions as
    /// a safety fallback due observed DEC 2026 instability in mux workflows.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn use_sync_output(&self) -> bool {
        if self.in_tmux || self.in_screen || self.in_zellij || self.in_wezterm_mux {
            return false;
        }
        self.sync_output
    }

    /// Whether scroll-region optimization (DECSTBM) is safe to use.
    ///
    /// Disabled in multiplexers due to inconsistent scroll margin
    /// handling across tmux/screen/zellij and WezTerm mux sessions.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn use_scroll_region(&self) -> bool {
        if self.in_any_mux() {
            return false;
        }
        self.scroll_region
    }

    /// Whether OSC 8 hyperlinks should be emitted.
    ///
    /// Disabled in mux environments because passthrough for OSC
    /// sequences is fragile and behavior varies by mux implementation.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn use_hyperlinks(&self) -> bool {
        if self.in_any_mux() {
            return false;
        }
        self.osc8_hyperlinks
    }

    /// Whether OSC 52 clipboard access should be used.
    ///
    /// Gated by mux detection in `detect()`, and re-checked here to keep
    /// policy behavior consistent for overridden/custom capability sets.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn use_clipboard(&self) -> bool {
        if self.in_any_mux() {
            return false;
        }
        self.osc52_clipboard
    }

    /// Whether the passthrough wrapping is needed for this environment.
    ///
    /// Returns `true` if running in tmux or screen, which require
    /// DCS passthrough for escape sequences to reach the inner terminal.
    /// Zellij handles passthrough natively and doesn't need wrapping.
    #[must_use]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn needs_passthrough_wrap(&self) -> bool {
        self.in_tmux || self.in_screen
    }
}

// ============================================================================
// SharedCapabilities — ArcSwap-backed concurrent access (bd-3l9qr.2)
// ============================================================================

/// Wait-free shared terminal capabilities for concurrent read/write.
///
/// Wraps [`TerminalCapabilities`] in an `ArcSwapStore` so that the render
/// thread can read capabilities without locking while the main thread updates
/// them on terminal reconfiguration or resize.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// use ftui_core::terminal_capabilities::{TerminalCapabilities, SharedCapabilities};
///
/// let shared = SharedCapabilities::new(TerminalCapabilities::modern());
/// assert!(shared.load().supports_true_color());
///
/// // Update from main thread (e.g., after re-detection).
/// shared.store(TerminalCapabilities::dumb());
/// assert!(!shared.load().supports_true_color());
/// ```
pub struct SharedCapabilities {
    inner: crate::read_optimized::ArcSwapStore<TerminalCapabilities>,
}

impl SharedCapabilities {
    /// Create shared capabilities from an initial detection.
    pub fn new(caps: TerminalCapabilities) -> Self {
        Self {
            inner: crate::read_optimized::ArcSwapStore::new(caps),
        }
    }

    /// Detect capabilities from the current environment and wrap them.
    pub fn detect() -> Self {
        Self::new(TerminalCapabilities::detect())
    }

    /// Wait-free read of current capabilities.
    #[inline]
    pub fn load(&self) -> TerminalCapabilities {
        crate::read_optimized::ReadOptimized::load(&self.inner)
    }

    /// Atomically replace capabilities (e.g., after re-detection).
    #[inline]
    pub fn store(&self, caps: TerminalCapabilities) {
        crate::read_optimized::ReadOptimized::store(&self.inner, caps);
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn detect_with_override(value: Option<&str>) -> TerminalCapabilities {
        TerminalCapabilities::detect_with_test_profile_override(value)
    }

    #[test]
    fn basic_is_minimal() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(!caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(!caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(!caps.in_screen);
        assert!(!caps.in_zellij);
        assert!(!caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(!caps.focus_events);
        assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(!caps.osc52_clipboard);
    }

    #[test]
    fn basic_is_default() {
        let basic = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        let default = TerminalCapabilities::default();
        assert_eq!(basic, default);
    }

    #[test]
    fn in_any_mux_logic() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert!(!caps.in_any_mux());

        caps.in_tmux = true;
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());

        caps.in_tmux = false;
        caps.in_screen = true;
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());

        caps.in_screen = false;
        caps.in_zellij = true;
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());

        caps.in_zellij = false;
        caps.in_wezterm_mux = true;
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
    }

    #[test]
    fn has_color_logic() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert!(!caps.has_color());

        caps.color_depth = ColorDepth::Ansi16;
        assert!(caps.has_color());

        caps.color_depth = ColorDepth::TrueColor;
        assert!(caps.has_color());
    }

    #[test]
    fn color_depth_identifiers() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth.as_str(), "mono");

        caps.color_depth = ColorDepth::Ansi16;
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth.as_str(), "ansi16");

        caps.color_depth = ColorDepth::Ansi256;
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth.as_str(), "ansi256");

        caps.color_depth = ColorDepth::TrueColor;
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth.as_str(), "truecolor");
    }

    #[test]
    fn explicit_color_depth_detection_contract() {
        let cases = [
            (Some(""), Some("truecolor"), Some("xterm"), ColorDepth::Mono),
            (None, Some("truecolor"), Some("dumb"), ColorDepth::Mono),
            (None, Some("truecolor"), Some(" DUMB "), ColorDepth::Mono),
            (None, Some("truecolor"), Some("vt100"), ColorDepth::Mono),
            (None, None, Some("xterm"), ColorDepth::Ansi16),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-256color"), ColorDepth::Ansi256),
            (None, Some("24bit"), Some("xterm"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some(" XTERM-DIRECT "), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-direct2"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-direct16"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-direct256"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-truecolor"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-24bit"), ColorDepth::TrueColor),
            (None, None, Some("xterm-no24bit"), ColorDepth::Ansi16),
            (
                None,
                Some("nottruecolor"),
                Some("xterm"),
                ColorDepth::Ansi16,
            ),
            (None, Some("no24bit"), Some("xterm"), ColorDepth::Ansi16),
            (None, Some("truecolor"), Some("linux"), ColorDepth::Ansi16),
        ];

        for (no_color, colorterm, term, expected) in cases {
            assert_eq!(
                ColorDepth::detect_from_env(no_color, colorterm, term),
                expected,
                "NO_COLOR={no_color:?} COLORTERM={colorterm:?} TERM={term:?}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_does_not_panic() {
        // detect() should never panic, even with unusual environment
        let _caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect();
    }

    #[test]
    fn windows_terminal_not_dumb_when_term_missing() {
        let env = DetectInputs {
            no_color: false,
            term: String::new(),
            term_program: String::new(),
            colorterm: String::new(),
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            wezterm_unix_socket: false,
            wezterm_pane: false,
            wezterm_executable: false,
            kitty_window_id: false,
            wt_session: true,
        };

        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(
            caps.osc8_hyperlinks,
            "WT_SESSION implies OSC 8 hyperlink support by default"
        );
        assert!(
            caps.bracketed_paste,
            "WT_SESSION should not be treated as dumb"
        );
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr, "WT_SESSION should not be treated as dumb");
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
    fn detect_windows_terminal_from_wt_session() {
        let mut env = make_env("", "", "");
        env.wt_session = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks, "WT_SESSION implies OSC 8 support");
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_color_disables_color_and_links() {
        let env = DetectInputs {
            no_color: true,
            term: "xterm-256color".to_string(),
            term_program: "WezTerm".to_string(),
            colorterm: "truecolor".to_string(),
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            wezterm_unix_socket: false,
            wezterm_pane: false,
            wezterm_executable: false,
            kitty_window_id: false,
            wt_session: false,
        };

        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(
            !caps.osc8_hyperlinks,
            "NO_COLOR must disable OSC 8 hyperlinks"
        );
    }

    #[cfg(unix)]
    #[test]
    fn non_utf8_no_color_presence_disables_color_without_global_env_mutation() {
        use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStringExt as _;

        let non_utf8 = OsString::from_vec(vec![0xff]);
        let env = DetectInputs::from_env_with(|key| match key {
            "NO_COLOR" => Some(non_utf8.clone()),
            "TERM" => Some(OsString::from("xterm-direct")),
            "TERM_PROGRAM" => Some(OsString::from("WezTerm")),
            "COLORTERM" => Some(OsString::from("truecolor")),
            _ => None,
        });

        assert!(env.no_color, "NO_COLOR is a presence-only contract");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
    }

    // --- Mux-aware policy tests ---

    #[test]
    fn use_sync_output_disabled_in_tmux() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.sync_output = true;
        assert!(caps.use_sync_output());

        caps.in_tmux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_sync_output_disabled_in_screen() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.sync_output = true;
        caps.in_screen = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_sync_output_disabled_in_zellij() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.sync_output = true;
        caps.in_zellij = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_sync_output_disabled_in_wezterm_mux() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.sync_output = true;
        caps.in_wezterm_mux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_scroll_region_disabled_in_mux() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.scroll_region = true;
        assert!(caps.use_scroll_region());

        caps.in_tmux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());

        caps.in_tmux = false;
        caps.in_screen = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());

        caps.in_screen = false;
        caps.in_zellij = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());

        caps.in_zellij = false;
        caps.in_wezterm_mux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_hyperlinks_disabled_in_mux() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.osc8_hyperlinks = true;
        assert!(caps.use_hyperlinks());

        caps.in_tmux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());

        caps.in_tmux = false;
        caps.in_wezterm_mux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_clipboard_disabled_in_mux() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        caps.osc52_clipboard = true;
        assert!(caps.use_clipboard());

        caps.in_screen = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());

        caps.in_screen = false;
        caps.in_wezterm_mux = true;
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    #[test]
    fn needs_passthrough_wrap_only_for_tmux_screen() {
        let mut caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert!(!caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());

        caps.in_tmux = true;
        assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());

        caps.in_tmux = false;
        caps.in_screen = true;
        assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());

        // Zellij doesn't need wrapping
        caps.in_screen = false;
        caps.in_zellij = true;
        assert!(!caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn policies_return_false_when_capability_absent() {
        // Even without mux, policies return false when capability is off
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    // ====== Specific terminal detection ======

    fn make_env(term: &str, term_program: &str, colorterm: &str) -> DetectInputs {
        DetectInputs {
            no_color: false,
            term: term.to_string(),
            term_program: term_program.to_string(),
            colorterm: colorterm.to_string(),
            in_tmux: false,
            in_screen: false,
            in_zellij: false,
            wezterm_unix_socket: false,
            wezterm_pane: false,
            wezterm_executable: false,
            kitty_window_id: false,
            wt_session: false,
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_dumb_terminal() {
        for term in ["dumb", "DUMB", " dumb "] {
            let env = make_env(term, " WezTerm ", " TRUECOLOR ");
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
            assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.sync_output, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.scroll_region, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.focus_events, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr, "TERM={term:?}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_dumb_overrides_truecolor_env() {
        let env = make_env("dumb", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_dumb_disables_kitty_keyboard() {
        // Regression: kitty_keyboard was the only capability not gated on
        // is_dumb. TERM=dumb with an inherited TERM_PROGRAM (Emacs shell
        // inside kitty/Ghostty/iTerm2) must not enable CSI > u sequences.
        for term_program in ["kitty", "ghostty", "iTerm.app", "WezTerm"] {
            let env = make_env("dumb", term_program, "truecolor");
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
            assert!(
                !caps.kitty_keyboard,
                "TERM=dumb + TERM_PROGRAM={term_program} must disable kitty keyboard"
            );
        }
        // Sanity: without dumb, the same identity enables it.
        let env = make_env("xterm-kitty", "kitty", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_term_identity_counts_as_mux_evidence() {
        // Regression: $TMUX/$STY do not survive ssh/sudo boundaries but the
        // mux TERM value does. TERM=tmux-*/screen-* must count as mux
        // evidence so use_scroll_region() stays disabled inside the pane
        // (doc invariant: mux detection wins).
        let env = make_env("tmux-256color", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_tmux, "TERM=tmux-256color implies tmux");
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());

        let env = make_env("screen-256color", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_screen, "TERM=screen-256color implies screen");
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());

        // Plain xterm stays non-mux.
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(!caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(!caps.in_screen);
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_profile_custom_roundtrips() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::from_profile(TerminalProfile::Custom);
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Custom);
        // Capability set matches the conservative basic() profile.
        let basic = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, basic.color_depth);
        assert_eq!(caps.scroll_region, basic.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_empty_term_is_dumb() {
        let env = make_env("", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_xterm_256color() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_colorterm_truecolor() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_colorterm_24bit() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "24bit");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_kitty_by_window_id() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-kitty", "", "");
        env.kitty_window_id = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(
            caps.kitty_keyboard,
            "Kitty supports kitty keyboard protocol"
        );
        assert!(caps.sync_output, "Kitty supports sync output");
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_kitty_by_term() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-kitty", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WezTerm identity is treated as conservative mux evidence"
        );
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(
            !caps.sync_output,
            "WezTerm sync output is hard-disabled as a safety fallback"
        );
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks, "WezTerm supports hyperlinks");
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard, "WezTerm supports kitty keyboard");
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
        assert!(
            !caps.osc52_clipboard,
            "conservative mux policy should disable raw OSC52 detection"
        );
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_mux_socket_disables_sync_policy() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_unix_socket = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.in_wezterm_mux, "wezterm mux marker should be detected");
        assert!(
            caps.in_any_mux(),
            "wezterm mux must participate in in_any_mux()"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "policy must suppress sync output in wezterm mux sessions"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_scroll_region(),
            "policy must suppress scroll region in wezterm mux sessions"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_hyperlinks(),
            "policy must suppress hyperlinks in wezterm mux sessions"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_clipboard(),
            "policy must suppress clipboard in wezterm mux sessions"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_mux_socket_without_term_program_disables_sync_policy() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_unix_socket = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "socket marker alone must detect wezterm mux"
        );
        assert!(
            caps.in_any_mux(),
            "wezterm mux must participate in in_any_mux()"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "policy must suppress sync output when wezterm mux socket is present"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_mux_pane_disables_sync_policy() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_pane = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "wezterm pane marker should be detected"
        );
        assert!(
            caps.in_any_mux(),
            "wezterm mux must participate in in_any_mux()"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "policy must suppress sync output when wezterm pane marker is present"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_mux_pane_without_term_program_disables_sync_policy() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_pane = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "pane marker alone must detect wezterm mux"
        );
        assert!(
            caps.in_any_mux(),
            "wezterm mux must participate in in_any_mux()"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "policy must suppress sync output when wezterm pane marker is present"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_executable_without_term_program_is_conservative_mux() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_executable = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WEZTERM_EXECUTABLE fallback should conservatively mark mux context"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "fallback mux detection must suppress sync output policy"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_executable_overrides_explicit_non_wezterm_program() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-ghostty", "Ghostty", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_executable = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WEZTERM_EXECUTABLE should conservatively force wezterm mux policy"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.sync_output,
            "raw sync_output capability should be disabled under conservative wezterm marker handling"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "mux policy should disable sync output under WEZTERM_EXECUTABLE marker"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_socket_overrides_explicit_non_wezterm_program() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-ghostty", "Ghostty", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_unix_socket = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET should conservatively force wezterm mux policy"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "mux policy should disable sync output with socket marker"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_pane_overrides_explicit_non_wezterm_program() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-ghostty", "Ghostty", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_pane = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WEZTERM_PANE should conservatively force wezterm mux policy"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "mux policy should disable sync output with pane marker"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_wezterm_socket_overrides_explicit_non_wezterm_term_identity() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-ghostty", "", "truecolor");
        env.wezterm_unix_socket = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            caps.in_wezterm_mux,
            "WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET should conservatively force wezterm mux policy"
        );
        assert!(
            !caps.use_sync_output(),
            "mux policy should disable sync output with socket marker"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    fn detect_iterm2_from_term_program() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "iTerm.app", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks, "iTerm2 supports OSC 8 hyperlinks");
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_alacritty() {
        let env = make_env("alacritty", "Alacritty", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_ghostty() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-ghostty", "Ghostty", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_iterm() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "iTerm.app", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_vscode_terminal() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "vscode", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    // ====== Multiplexer detection ======

    #[test]
    fn detect_in_tmux() {
        let mut env = make_env("screen-256color", "", "");
        env.in_tmux = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
        assert!(!caps.osc52_clipboard, "clipboard disabled in tmux");
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_in_screen() {
        let mut env = make_env("screen", "", "");
        env.in_screen = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_screen);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_in_zellij() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "truecolor");
        env.in_zellij = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_zellij);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(
            !caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(),
            "Zellij handles passthrough natively"
        );
        assert!(!caps.osc52_clipboard, "clipboard disabled in mux");
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_modern_terminal_in_tmux() {
        let mut env = make_env("screen-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.in_tmux = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        // Feature detection still works
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        // But policies disable features in mux
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
    }

    // ====== NO_COLOR interaction with mux ======

    #[test]
    fn no_color_overrides_everything() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.no_color = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        // But non-color features still work
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    // ====== Edge cases ======

    #[test]
    fn unknown_term_program() {
        let env = make_env("xterm", "SomeUnknownTerminal", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(
            !caps.supports_true_color(),
            "unknown terminal should not assume truecolor"
        );
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi16);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        // But basic features still work
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn all_mux_flags_simultaneous() {
        let mut env = make_env("screen", "", "");
        env.in_tmux = true;
        env.in_screen = true;
        env.in_zellij = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    // ====== Additional terminal detection (coverage gaps) ======

    #[test]
    fn detect_rio() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "Rio", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_contour() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "Contour", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_foot() {
        let env = make_env("foot", "foot", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard, "foot supports kitty keyboard");
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_hyper() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "Hyper", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_linux_console() {
        let env = make_env("linux", "", "");
        let detected = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        let mut expected = TerminalCapabilities::linux_console();
        expected.profile = TerminalProfile::Detected;

        assert_eq!(
            detected, expected,
            "the predefined Linux console profile must match TERM=linux detection"
        );

        let policy = crate::glyph_policy::GlyphPolicy::from_env_with(
            |key| (key == "TERM").then(|| "linux".to_string()),
            &detected,
        );
        assert_eq!(policy.mode, crate::glyph_policy::GlyphMode::Ascii);
        assert!(!policy.double_width);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_linux_console_caps_color_despite_conflicting_positive_signals() {
        let expected = TerminalCapabilities::linux_console().color_depth;

        for (term_program, colorterm) in [
            ("WezTerm", "truecolor"),
            ("kitty", "24bit"),
            ("Ghostty", ""),
        ] {
            let env = make_env(" linux ", term_program, colorterm);
            let detected = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env).color_depth;
            let explicit = ColorDepth::detect_from_env(None, Some(colorterm), Some(" linux "));

            assert_eq!(detected, expected, "TERM_PROGRAM={term_program:?}");
            assert_eq!(explicit, expected, "COLORTERM={colorterm:?}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_direct_color_term_variants() {
        for term in [
            "xterm-direct",
            "xterm-direct2",
            "xterm-direct16",
            "xterm-direct256",
            "xterm-truecolor",
            "xterm-24bit",
            " XTERM-DIRECT ",
        ] {
            let env = make_env(term, "", "");
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
            assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(caps.bracketed_paste, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert!(caps.mouse_sgr, "TERM={term:?}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn direct_color_detection_rejects_negated_and_partial_tokens() {
        for term in [
            "xterm-indirect",
            "xterm-direct-color",
            "xterm-no24bit",
            "xterm-24bit-disabled",
        ] {
            let env = make_env(term, "", "");
            let detected = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env).color_depth;
            let explicit = ColorDepth::detect_from_env(None, None, Some(term));

            assert_eq!(detected, ColorDepth::Ansi16, "TERM={term:?}");
            assert_eq!(explicit, detected, "TERM={term:?}");
        }

        for colorterm in [
            "nottruecolor",
            "truecolor-disabled",
            "no24bit",
            "24bit-disabled",
        ] {
            let env = make_env("xterm", "", colorterm);
            let detected = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env).color_depth;
            let explicit = ColorDepth::detect_from_env(None, Some(colorterm), Some("xterm"));

            assert_eq!(detected, ColorDepth::Ansi16, "COLORTERM={colorterm:?}");
            assert_eq!(explicit, detected, "COLORTERM={colorterm:?}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_plain_xterm_is_ansi16() {
        let env = make_env("xterm", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi16);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn explicit_and_full_color_detection_agree() {
        for (no_color, colorterm, term) in [
            (false, "", "xterm"),
            (false, "", "xterm-256color"),
            (false, "", " XTERM-DIRECT "),
            (false, "", "xterm-direct2"),
            (false, "", "xterm-direct16"),
            (false, "", "xterm-direct256"),
            (false, "24BIT", "xterm"),
            (false, "no24bit", "xterm"),
            (false, "truecolor", "linux"),
            (false, "truecolor", " VT100 "),
            (false, "truecolor", " DUMB "),
            (true, "truecolor", "xterm-direct"),
        ] {
            let mut env = make_env(term, "", colorterm);
            env.no_color = no_color;
            let detected = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env).color_depth;
            let explicit =
                ColorDepth::detect_from_env(no_color.then_some(""), Some(colorterm), Some(term));
            assert_eq!(
                detected, explicit,
                "NO_COLOR={no_color} COLORTERM={colorterm:?} TERM={term:?}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_vt100_is_monochrome() {
        let env = make_env("vt100", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_screen_256color() {
        let env = make_env("screen-256color", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
    }

    // ====== Only TERM_PROGRAM without COLORTERM ======

    #[test]
    fn wezterm_without_colorterm() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        // Modern terminal detection still works via TERM_PROGRAM
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
    }

    #[test]
    fn alacritty_via_term_only() {
        // Alacritty sets TERM=alacritty
        let env = make_env("alacritty", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        // TERM contains "alacritty" which matches lowercase of MODERN_TERMINALS
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
    }

    // ====== Kitty detection edge cases ======

    #[test]
    fn kitty_via_term_without_window_id() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-kitty", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
    }

    #[test]
    fn kitty_window_id_with_generic_term() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "");
        env.kitty_window_id = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
    }

    // ====== Policy edge cases ======

    #[test]
    fn use_clipboard_enabled_when_no_mux_and_modern() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "Alacritty", "truecolor");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.osc52_clipboard);
        assert!(caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_clipboard_disabled_in_tmux_even_if_detected() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.in_tmux = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        // osc52_clipboard is already false due to mux detection in detect_from_inputs
        assert!(!caps.osc52_clipboard);
        assert!(!caps.use_clipboard());
    }

    #[test]
    fn scroll_region_enabled_for_basic_xterm() {
        let env = make_env("xterm", "", "");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(caps.use_scroll_region());
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_color_preserves_non_visual_features() {
        let mut env = make_env("xterm-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
        env.no_color = true;
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        // Visual features disabled
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        // Non-visual features preserved
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    // ====== COLORTERM variations ======

    #[test]
    fn colorterm_yes_not_truecolor() {
        let env = make_env("xterm-256color", "", "yes");
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
    }

    // ====== Capability Profiles (bd-k4lj.2) ======

    #[test]
    fn profile_enum_as_str() {
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Modern.as_str(), "modern");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color.as_str(), "xterm-256color");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Vt100.as_str(), "vt100");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Dumb.as_str(), "dumb");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Tmux.as_str(), "tmux");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Screen.as_str(), "screen");
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::Kitty.as_str(), "kitty");
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_enum_from_str() {
        use std::str::FromStr;
        assert_eq!(
            TerminalProfile::from_str("modern"),
            Ok(TerminalProfile::Modern)
        );
        assert_eq!(
            TerminalProfile::from_str("xterm-256color"),
            Ok(TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color)
        );
        assert_eq!(
            TerminalProfile::from_str("xterm256color"),
            Ok(TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color)
        );
        assert_eq!(TerminalProfile::from_str("DUMB"), Ok(TerminalProfile::Dumb));
        assert!(TerminalProfile::from_str("unknown").is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_all_predefined() {
        let all = TerminalProfile::all_predefined();
        assert!(all.len() >= 10);
        assert!(all.contains(&TerminalProfile::Modern));
        assert!(all.contains(&TerminalProfile::Dumb));
        assert!(!all.contains(&TerminalProfile::Custom));
        assert!(!all.contains(&TerminalProfile::Detected));
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_modern_has_all_features() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::modern();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Modern);
        assert_eq!(caps.profile_name(), Some("modern"));
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(caps.osc52_clipboard);
        assert!(!caps.in_any_mux());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_xterm_256color() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::xterm_256color();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_xterm_basic() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::xterm();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Xterm);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi16);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_vt100_minimal() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::vt100();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Vt100);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_dumb_no_features() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::dumb();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Dumb);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(!caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_tmux_mux_flags() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::tmux();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Tmux);
        assert!(caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(!caps.in_screen);
        assert!(!caps.in_zellij);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        // Mux policies kick in
        assert!(!caps.use_sync_output());
        assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region());
        assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_screen_mux_flags() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::screen();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Screen);
        assert!(!caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(caps.in_screen);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_zellij_mux_flags() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::zellij();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Zellij);
        assert!(caps.in_zellij);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
        // Zellij has true color and focus events
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
        // But no passthrough wrap needed
        assert!(!caps.needs_passthrough_wrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_kitty_full_features() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::kitty();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Kitty);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_windows_console() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::windows_console();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::WindowsConsole);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn profile_linux_console() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::linux_console();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::LinuxConsole);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi16);
        assert!(!caps.double_width);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_profile_roundtrip() {
        for profile in TerminalProfile::all_predefined() {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::from_profile(*profile);
            assert_eq!(caps.profile(), *profile);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detected_profile_has_none_name() {
        let caps = detect_with_override(None);
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Detected);
        assert_eq!(caps.profile_name(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_respects_test_profile_env() {
        let caps = detect_with_override(Some("dumb"));
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Dumb);
    }

    #[test]
    fn detect_ignores_invalid_test_profile() {
        let caps = detect_with_override(Some("not-a-real-profile"));
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Detected);
    }

    #[test]
    fn basic_has_dumb_profile() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::basic();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Dumb);
    }

    // ====== Capability Profile Builder ======

    #[test]
    fn builder_starts_empty() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new().build();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Custom);
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
        assert!(!caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(!caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_sets_one_canonical_color_depth() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
            .color_depth(ColorDepth::TrueColor)
            .build();
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_set_advanced() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
            .sync_output(true)
            .osc8_hyperlinks(true)
            .scroll_region(true)
            .build();
        assert!(caps.sync_output);
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_set_mux() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
            .in_tmux(true)
            .in_screen(false)
            .in_zellij(false)
            .build();
        assert!(caps.in_tmux);
        assert!(!caps.in_screen);
        assert!(caps.in_any_mux());
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_set_input() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
            .kitty_keyboard(true)
            .focus_events(true)
            .bracketed_paste(true)
            .mouse_sgr(true)
            .build();
        assert!(caps.kitty_keyboard);
        assert!(caps.focus_events);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_set_clipboard() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::new()
            .osc52_clipboard(true)
            .build();
        assert!(caps.osc52_clipboard);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_from_profile() {
        let caps = CapabilityProfileBuilder::from_profile(TerminalProfile::Modern)
            .sync_output(false) // Override one setting
            .build();
        // Should have modern features except sync_output
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(!caps.sync_output); // Overridden
        assert!(caps.osc8_hyperlinks);
        // But profile becomes Custom
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Custom);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_chain_multiple() {
        let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
            .color_depth(ColorDepth::Ansi256)
            .bracketed_paste(true)
            .mouse_sgr(true)
            .scroll_region(true)
            .build();
        assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Ansi256);
        assert!(caps.bracketed_paste);
        assert!(caps.mouse_sgr);
        assert!(caps.scroll_region);
        assert!(!caps.supports_true_color());
        assert!(!caps.sync_output);
    }

    #[test]
    fn builder_default() {
        let builder = CapabilityProfileBuilder::default();
        let caps = builder.build();
        assert_eq!(caps.profile(), TerminalProfile::Custom);
    }

    // ==========================================================================
    // Mux Compatibility Matrix Tests (bd-1rz0.19)
    // ==========================================================================
    //
    // These tests verify the invariants and fallback behaviors for multiplexer
    // compatibility as documented in the capability detection system.

    /// Tests the complete mux × capability matrix to ensure fallbacks are correct.
    #[test]
    fn mux_compatibility_matrix() {
        // Test matrix covers: baseline (no mux), tmux, screen, zellij, wezterm mux
        // Each verifies: use_sync_output, use_scroll_region, use_hyperlinks, needs_passthrough_wrap

        // Test baseline (no mux)
        {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::modern();
            assert!(
                caps.use_sync_output(),
                "baseline: sync_output should be enabled"
            );
            assert!(
                caps.use_scroll_region(),
                "baseline: scroll_region should be enabled"
            );
            assert!(
                caps.use_hyperlinks(),
                "baseline: hyperlinks should be enabled"
            );
            assert!(!caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(), "baseline: no wrap needed");
        }

        // Test tmux
        {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::tmux();
            assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "tmux: sync_output disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region(), "tmux: scroll_region disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "tmux: hyperlinks disabled");
            assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(), "tmux: needs wrap");
        }

        // Test screen
        {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::screen();
            assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "screen: sync_output disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region(), "screen: scroll_region disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "screen: hyperlinks disabled");
            assert!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(), "screen: needs wrap");
        }

        // Test zellij
        {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::zellij();
            assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "zellij: sync_output disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region(), "zellij: scroll_region disabled");
            assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "zellij: hyperlinks disabled");
            assert!(
                !caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(),
                "zellij: no wrap needed (native passthrough)"
            );
        }

        // Test wezterm mux session marker
        {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_wezterm_mux(true)
                .sync_output(true)
                .scroll_region(true)
                .osc8_hyperlinks(true)
                .build();
            assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "wezterm mux: sync_output disabled");
            assert!(
                !caps.use_scroll_region(),
                "wezterm mux: scroll_region disabled"
            );
            assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "wezterm mux: hyperlinks disabled");
            assert!(
                !caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(),
                "wezterm mux: no wrap needed"
            );
        }
    }

    /// Tests that modern terminal detection works correctly even inside muxes.
    #[test]
    fn modern_terminal_in_mux_matrix() {
        // Modern terminal (WezTerm) detected inside each mux type
        // Feature detection should still work, but policies should disable

        for (mux_name, in_tmux, in_screen, in_zellij, in_wezterm_mux) in [
            ("tmux", true, false, false, false),
            ("screen", false, true, false, false),
            ("zellij", false, false, true, false),
            ("wezterm-mux", false, false, false, true),
        ] {
            let mut env = make_env("screen-256color", "WezTerm", "truecolor");
            env.in_tmux = in_tmux;
            env.in_screen = in_screen;
            env.in_zellij = in_zellij;
            env.wezterm_unix_socket = in_wezterm_mux;
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);

            // Feature DETECTION still works
            assert!(
                caps.supports_true_color(),
                "{mux_name}: true_color detection should work"
            );
            assert!(
                !caps.sync_output,
                "{mux_name}: sync_output hard-disabled for WezTerm safety"
            );

            // But POLICIES disable features
            assert!(
                !caps.use_sync_output(),
                "{mux_name}: use_sync_output() should be false"
            );
            assert!(
                !caps.use_scroll_region(),
                "{mux_name}: use_scroll_region() should be false"
            );
            assert!(
                !caps.use_hyperlinks(),
                "{mux_name}: use_hyperlinks() should be false"
            );
        }
    }

    /// Tests all terminal profiles against mux detection to ensure invariants hold.
    #[test]
    fn profile_mux_invariant_matrix() {
        // For each predefined profile, verify mux-related invariants
        for profile in TerminalProfile::all_predefined() {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::from_profile(*profile);
            let name = profile.as_str();

            // Invariant 1: in_any_mux() is consistent with individual flags
            let expected_mux =
                caps.in_tmux || caps.in_screen || caps.in_zellij || caps.in_wezterm_mux;
            assert_eq!(
                caps.in_any_mux(),
                expected_mux,
                "{name}: in_any_mux() should match individual flags"
            );

            // Invariant 2: If in any mux, policies should disable sync/scroll/hyperlinks
            if caps.in_any_mux() {
                assert!(
                    !caps.use_sync_output(),
                    "{name}: mux should disable use_sync_output()"
                );
                assert!(
                    !caps.use_scroll_region(),
                    "{name}: mux should disable use_scroll_region()"
                );
                assert!(
                    !caps.use_hyperlinks(),
                    "{name}: mux should disable use_hyperlinks()"
                );
            }

            // Invariant 3: Only tmux and screen need passthrough wrap, not zellij
            if caps.in_tmux || caps.in_screen {
                assert!(
                    caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(),
                    "{name}: tmux/screen should need passthrough wrap"
                );
            } else if caps.in_zellij {
                assert!(
                    !caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(),
                    "{name}: zellij should NOT need passthrough wrap"
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /// Tests the fallback ordering: sync_output → scroll_region → overlay_redraw
    #[test]
    fn fallback_ordering_matrix() {
        use crate::inline_mode::InlineStrategy;

        // Case 1: Both sync and scroll available -> ScrollRegion strategy
        let caps_full = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
            .sync_output(true)
            .scroll_region(true)
            .build();
        assert_eq!(
            InlineStrategy::select(&caps_full),
            InlineStrategy::ScrollRegion,
            "full capabilities should use ScrollRegion"
        );

        // Case 2: Scroll but no sync -> Hybrid strategy
        let caps_hybrid = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
            .sync_output(false)
            .scroll_region(true)
            .build();
        assert_eq!(
            InlineStrategy::select(&caps_hybrid),
            InlineStrategy::Hybrid,
            "scroll without sync should use Hybrid"
        );

        // Case 3: Neither -> OverlayRedraw strategy
        let caps_none = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
            .sync_output(false)
            .scroll_region(false)
            .build();
        assert_eq!(
            InlineStrategy::select(&caps_none),
            InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw,
            "no capabilities should use OverlayRedraw"
        );

        // Case 4: In mux (even with capabilities) -> OverlayRedraw
        let caps_tmux = TerminalCapabilities::tmux();
        assert_eq!(
            InlineStrategy::select(&caps_tmux),
            InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw,
            "tmux should force OverlayRedraw"
        );
    }

    /// Tests the complete terminal × mux matrix for strategy selection.
    #[test]
    fn terminal_mux_strategy_matrix() {
        use crate::inline_mode::InlineStrategy;

        struct TestCase {
            name: &'static str,
            profile: TerminalProfile,
            expected: InlineStrategy,
        }

        let cases = [
            TestCase {
                name: "modern (no mux)",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Modern,
                expected: InlineStrategy::ScrollRegion,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "kitty (no mux)",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Kitty,
                expected: InlineStrategy::ScrollRegion,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "xterm-256color (no mux)",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Xterm256Color,
                expected: InlineStrategy::Hybrid, // has scroll_region but no sync_output
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "xterm (no mux)",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Xterm,
                expected: InlineStrategy::Hybrid,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "vt100 (no mux)",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Vt100,
                expected: InlineStrategy::Hybrid,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "dumb",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Dumb,
                expected: InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw, // no scroll_region
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "tmux",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Tmux,
                expected: InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "screen",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Screen,
                expected: InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw,
            },
            TestCase {
                name: "zellij",
                profile: TerminalProfile::Zellij,
                expected: InlineStrategy::OverlayRedraw,
            },
        ];

        for case in cases {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::from_profile(case.profile);
            let actual = InlineStrategy::select(&caps);
            assert_eq!(
                actual, case.expected,
                "{}: expected {:?}, got {:?}",
                case.name, case.expected, actual
            );
        }
    }

    // ====== SharedCapabilities tests (bd-3l9qr.2) ======

    #[test]
    fn shared_caps_load_returns_initial() {
        let shared = SharedCapabilities::new(TerminalCapabilities::modern());
        assert_eq!(shared.load().color_depth, ColorDepth::TrueColor);
        assert!(shared.load().sync_output);
    }

    #[test]
    fn shared_caps_store_replaces_value() {
        let shared = SharedCapabilities::new(TerminalCapabilities::modern());
        shared.store(TerminalCapabilities::dumb());
        let loaded = shared.load();
        assert_eq!(loaded.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
        assert!(!loaded.sync_output);
    }

    #[test]
    fn shared_caps_concurrent_read_write() {
        use std::sync::{Arc, Barrier};
        use std::thread;

        let shared = Arc::new(SharedCapabilities::new(TerminalCapabilities::basic()));
        let barrier = Arc::new(Barrier::new(5)); // 4 readers + 1 writer

        let readers: Vec<_> = (0..4)
            .map(|_| {
                let s = Arc::clone(&shared);
                let b = Arc::clone(&barrier);
                thread::spawn(move || {
                    b.wait();
                    for _ in 0..10_000 {
                        let caps = s.load();
                        // Must be a valid TerminalCapabilities (no torn reads).
                        let _ = caps.use_sync_output();
                        let _ = caps.color_depth;
                    }
                })
            })
            .collect();

        let writer = {
            let s = Arc::clone(&shared);
            let b = Arc::clone(&barrier);
            thread::spawn(move || {
                b.wait();
                for i in 0..1_000 {
                    if i % 2 == 0 {
                        s.store(TerminalCapabilities::modern());
                    } else {
                        s.store(TerminalCapabilities::dumb());
                    }
                }
            })
        };

        writer.join().unwrap();
        for h in readers {
            h.join().unwrap();
        }
    }
}

// ==========================================================================
// Property Tests for Mux Compatibility (bd-1rz0.19)
// ==========================================================================

#[cfg(test)]
mod proptests {
    use super::*;
    use proptest::prelude::*;

    proptest! {
        /// Property: in_any_mux() is always consistent with individual mux flags.
        #[test]
        fn prop_in_any_mux_consistent(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .build();

            let expected = in_tmux || in_screen || in_zellij || in_wezterm_mux;
            prop_assert_eq!(caps.in_any_mux(), expected);
        }

        /// Property: If in any mux, use_sync_output() is always false (regardless of sync_output flag).
        #[test]
        fn prop_mux_disables_sync_output(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
            sync_output in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .sync_output(sync_output)
                .build();

            if caps.in_any_mux() {
                prop_assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "mux should disable sync_output policy");
            }
        }

        /// Property: If in any mux, use_scroll_region() is always false.
        #[test]
        fn prop_mux_disables_scroll_region(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
            scroll_region in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .scroll_region(scroll_region)
                .build();

            if caps.in_any_mux() {
                prop_assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region(), "mux should disable scroll_region policy");
            }
        }

        /// Property: If in any mux, use_hyperlinks() is always false.
        #[test]
        fn prop_mux_disables_hyperlinks(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
            osc8_hyperlinks in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .osc8_hyperlinks(osc8_hyperlinks)
                .build();

            if caps.in_any_mux() {
                prop_assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "mux should disable hyperlinks policy");
            }
        }

        /// Property: needs_passthrough_wrap() is true IFF in_tmux || in_screen (NOT zellij).
        #[test]
        fn prop_passthrough_wrap_logic(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .build();

            let expected = in_tmux || in_screen;  // NOT zellij
            prop_assert_eq!(caps.needs_passthrough_wrap(), expected);
        }

        /// Property: Policy methods return false when capability is not set (regardless of mux).
        #[test]
        fn prop_policy_false_when_capability_off(
            in_tmux in any::<bool>(),
            in_screen in any::<bool>(),
            in_zellij in any::<bool>(),
            in_wezterm_mux in any::<bool>(),
        ) {
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::builder()
                .in_tmux(in_tmux)
                .in_screen(in_screen)
                .in_zellij(in_zellij)
                .in_wezterm_mux(in_wezterm_mux)
                .sync_output(false)
                .scroll_region(false)
                .osc8_hyperlinks(false)
                .osc52_clipboard(false)
                .build();

            prop_assert!(!caps.use_sync_output(), "sync_output=false implies use_sync_output()=false");
            prop_assert!(!caps.use_scroll_region(), "scroll_region=false implies use_scroll_region()=false");
            prop_assert!(!caps.use_hyperlinks(), "osc8_hyperlinks=false implies use_hyperlinks()=false");
            prop_assert!(!caps.use_clipboard(), "osc52_clipboard=false implies use_clipboard()=false");
        }

        /// Property: NO_COLOR disables all color-related features but not non-visual features.
        #[test]
        fn prop_no_color_preserves_non_visual(no_color in any::<bool>()) {
            let env = DetectInputs {
                no_color,
                term: "xterm-256color".to_string(),
                term_program: "WezTerm".to_string(),
                colorterm: "truecolor".to_string(),
                in_tmux: false,
                in_screen: false,
                in_zellij: false,
                wezterm_unix_socket: false,
                wezterm_pane: false,
                wezterm_executable: false,
                kitty_window_id: false,
                wt_session: false,
            };
            let caps = TerminalCapabilities::detect_from_inputs(&env);

            if no_color {
                prop_assert_eq!(caps.color_depth, ColorDepth::Mono);
                prop_assert!(!caps.osc8_hyperlinks, "NO_COLOR disables hyperlinks");
            }

            // Non-visual features preserved regardless of NO_COLOR
            prop_assert!(
                !caps.sync_output,
                "WezTerm sync_output stays disabled despite NO_COLOR"
            );
            prop_assert!(caps.bracketed_paste, "bracketed_paste preserved despite NO_COLOR");
        }
    }
}