The encoded 4-bit mask values for the four standard DNA bases (A=1, C=2, G=4, T=8).
Used to distinguish DNA-only patterns from those containing IUPAC ambiguity codes.
Lookup table mapping ASCII byte values to their 4-bit IUPAC bitmask encodings.
A=1, C=2, G=4, T=8, and ambiguity codes are the bitwise OR of their constituents.
Converts an IUPAC pattern into a regex pattern by replacing each ambiguity code with a
character class of its constituent DNA bases (e.g., R becomes [AG]).