//! Edge approximation
//!
//! The approximation of a curve is its first vertex, combined with the
//! approximation of its curve. The second vertex is left off, as edge
//! approximations are usually used to build cycle approximations, and this way,
//! the caller doesn't have to call with duplicate vertices.

use std::collections::BTreeMap;

use fj_math::Point;

use crate::{
    geometry::curve::{Curve, GlobalPath},
    objects::{GlobalEdge, HalfEdge, Surface, Vertex},
    storage::{Handle, ObjectId},
};

use super::{path::RangeOnPath, Approx, ApproxPoint, Tolerance};

impl Approx for (&HalfEdge, &Surface) {
    type Approximation = HalfEdgeApprox;
    type Cache = EdgeCache;

    fn approx_with_cache(
        self,
        tolerance: impl Into<Tolerance>,
        cache: &mut Self::Cache,
    ) -> Self::Approximation {
        let (half_edge, surface) = self;

        let boundary = half_edge.boundary();
        let range = RangeOnPath { boundary };

        let position_surface = half_edge.start_position();
        let position_global = match cache.get_position(half_edge.start_vertex())
        {
            Some(position) => position,
            None => {
                let position_global = surface
                    .geometry()
                    .point_from_surface_coords(position_surface);
                cache.insert_position(half_edge.start_vertex(), position_global)
            }
        };

        let first = ApproxPoint::new(position_surface, position_global);

        let points = {
            let approx =
                match cache.get_edge(half_edge.global_form().clone(), range) {
                    Some(approx) => approx,
                    None => {
                        let approx = approx_edge(
                            &half_edge.curve(),
                            surface,
                            range,
                            tolerance,
                        );
                        cache.insert_edge(
                            half_edge.global_form().clone(),
                            range,
                            approx,
                        )
                    }
                };

            approx
                .points
                .into_iter()
                .map(|point| {
                    let point_surface = half_edge
                        .curve()
                        .point_from_path_coords(point.local_form);

                    ApproxPoint::new(point_surface, point.global_form)
                })
                .collect()
        };

        HalfEdgeApprox { first, points }
    }
}

/// An approximation of an [`HalfEdge`]
#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)]
pub struct HalfEdgeApprox {
    /// The point that approximates the first vertex of the edge
    pub first: ApproxPoint<2>,

    /// The approximation of the edge
    pub points: Vec<ApproxPoint<2>>,
}

impl HalfEdgeApprox {
    /// Compute the points that approximate the edge
    pub fn points(&self) -> Vec<ApproxPoint<2>> {
        let mut points = Vec::new();

        points.push(self.first.clone());
        points.extend(self.points.iter().cloned());

        points
    }
}

fn approx_edge(
    curve: &Curve,
    surface: &Surface,
    range: RangeOnPath,
    tolerance: impl Into<Tolerance>,
) -> GlobalEdgeApprox {
    // There are different cases of varying complexity. Circles are the hard
    // part here, as they need to be approximated, while lines don't need to be.
    //
    // This will probably all be unified eventually, as `SurfacePath` and
    // `GlobalPath` grow APIs that are better suited to implementing this code
    // in a more abstract way.
    let points = match (curve, surface.geometry().u) {
        (Curve::Circle(_), GlobalPath::Circle(_)) => {
            todo!(
                "Approximating a circle on a curved surface not supported yet."
            )
        }
        (Curve::Circle(_), GlobalPath::Line(_)) => {
            (curve, range)
                .approx_with_cache(tolerance, &mut ())
                .into_iter()
                .map(|(point_curve, point_surface)| {
                    // We're throwing away `point_surface` here, which is a bit
                    // weird, as we're recomputing it later (outside of this
                    // function).
                    //
                    // It should be fine though:
                    //
                    // 1. We're throwing this version away, so there's no danger
                    //    of inconsistency between this and the later version.
                    // 2. This version should have been computed using the same
                    //    path and parameters and the later version will be, so
                    //    they should be the same anyway.
                    // 3. Not all other cases handled in this function have a
                    //    surface point available, so it needs to be computed
                    //    later anyway, in the general case.

                    let point_global = surface
                        .geometry()
                        .point_from_surface_coords(point_surface);
                    (point_curve, point_global)
                })
                .collect()
        }
        (Curve::Line(line), _) => {
            let range_u =
                RangeOnPath::from(range.boundary.map(|point_curve| {
                    [curve.point_from_path_coords(point_curve).u]
                }));

            let approx_u = (surface.geometry().u, range_u)
                .approx_with_cache(tolerance, &mut ());

            let mut points = Vec::new();
            for (u, _) in approx_u {
                let t = (u.t - line.origin().u) / line.direction().u;
                let point_surface = curve.point_from_path_coords([t]);
                let point_global =
                    surface.geometry().point_from_surface_coords(point_surface);
                points.push((u, point_global));
            }

            points
        }
    };

    let points = points
        .into_iter()
        .map(|(point_curve, point_global)| {
            ApproxPoint::new(point_curve, point_global)
        })
        .collect();
    GlobalEdgeApprox { points }
}

/// A cache for results of an approximation
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct EdgeCache {
    edge_approx: BTreeMap<(ObjectId, RangeOnPath), GlobalEdgeApprox>,
    vertex_approx: BTreeMap<ObjectId, Point<3>>,
}

impl EdgeCache {
    /// Create an empty cache
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self::default()
    }

    /// Access the approximation for the given [`GlobalEdge`], if available
    pub fn get_edge(
        &self,
        handle: Handle<GlobalEdge>,
        range: RangeOnPath,
    ) -> Option<GlobalEdgeApprox> {
        if let Some(approx) = self.edge_approx.get(&(handle.id(), range)) {
            return Some(approx.clone());
        }
        if let Some(approx) =
            self.edge_approx.get(&(handle.id(), range.reverse()))
        {
            // If we have a cache entry for the reverse range, we need to use
            // that too!
            return Some(approx.clone().reverse());
        }

        None
    }

    /// Insert the approximation of a [`GlobalEdge`]
    pub fn insert_edge(
        &mut self,
        handle: Handle<GlobalEdge>,
        range: RangeOnPath,
        approx: GlobalEdgeApprox,
    ) -> GlobalEdgeApprox {
        self.edge_approx
            .insert((handle.id(), range), approx.clone())
            .unwrap_or(approx)
    }

    fn get_position(&self, handle: &Handle<Vertex>) -> Option<Point<3>> {
        self.vertex_approx.get(&handle.id()).cloned()
    }

    fn insert_position(
        &mut self,
        handle: &Handle<Vertex>,
        position: Point<3>,
    ) -> Point<3> {
        self.vertex_approx
            .insert(handle.id(), position)
            .unwrap_or(position)
    }
}

/// An approximation of a [`GlobalEdge`]
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)]
pub struct GlobalEdgeApprox {
    /// The points that approximate the edge
    pub points: Vec<ApproxPoint<1>>,
}

impl GlobalEdgeApprox {
    /// Reverse the order of the approximation
    pub fn reverse(mut self) -> Self {
        self.points.reverse();
        self
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use std::{f64::consts::TAU, ops::Deref};

    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;

    use crate::{
        algorithms::approx::{path::RangeOnPath, Approx, ApproxPoint},
        geometry::{curve::GlobalPath, surface::SurfaceGeometry},
        objects::{HalfEdge, Surface},
        operations::{BuildHalfEdge, Insert},
        services::Services,
    };

    #[test]
    fn approx_line_on_flat_surface() {
        let mut services = Services::new();

        let surface = services.objects.surfaces.xz_plane();
        let half_edge = HalfEdge::line_segment(
            [[1., 1.], [2., 1.]],
            None,
            &mut services.objects,
        );

        let tolerance = 1.;
        let approx = (&half_edge, surface.deref()).approx(tolerance);

        assert_eq!(approx.points, Vec::new());
    }

    #[test]
    fn approx_line_on_curved_surface_but_not_along_curve() {
        let mut services = Services::new();

        let surface = Surface::new(SurfaceGeometry {
            u: GlobalPath::circle_from_radius(1.),
            v: [0., 0., 1.].into(),
        })
        .insert(&mut services.objects);
        let half_edge = HalfEdge::line_segment(
            [[1., 1.], [2., 1.]],
            None,
            &mut services.objects,
        );

        let tolerance = 1.;
        let approx = (&half_edge, surface.deref()).approx(tolerance);

        assert_eq!(approx.points, Vec::new());
    }

    #[test]
    fn approx_line_on_curved_surface_along_curve() {
        let mut services = Services::new();

        let path = GlobalPath::circle_from_radius(1.);
        let range = RangeOnPath::from([[0.], [TAU]]);

        let surface = Surface::new(SurfaceGeometry {
            u: path,
            v: [0., 0., 1.].into(),
        })
        .insert(&mut services.objects);
        let half_edge = HalfEdge::line_segment(
            [[0., 1.], [TAU, 1.]],
            Some(range.boundary),
            &mut services.objects,
        );

        let tolerance = 1.;
        let approx = (&half_edge, surface.deref()).approx(tolerance);

        let expected_approx = (path, range)
            .approx(tolerance)
            .into_iter()
            .map(|(point_local, _)| {
                let point_surface =
                    half_edge.curve().point_from_path_coords(point_local);
                let point_global =
                    surface.geometry().point_from_surface_coords(point_surface);
                ApproxPoint::new(point_surface, point_global)
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(approx.points, expected_approx);
    }

    #[test]
    fn approx_circle_on_flat_surface() {
        let mut services = Services::new();

        let surface = services.objects.surfaces.xz_plane();
        let half_edge = HalfEdge::circle(1., &mut services.objects);

        let tolerance = 1.;
        let approx = (&half_edge, surface.deref()).approx(tolerance);

        let expected_approx =
            (&half_edge.curve(), RangeOnPath::from([[0.], [TAU]]))
                .approx(tolerance)
                .into_iter()
                .map(|(_, point_surface)| {
                    let point_global = surface
                        .geometry()
                        .point_from_surface_coords(point_surface);
                    ApproxPoint::new(point_surface, point_global)
                })
                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(approx.points, expected_approx);
    }
}