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gpui_core/app/
async_context.rs

1use crate::{
2    AnyView, AnyWindowHandle, App, AppCell, AppContext, BackgroundExecutor, BorrowAppContext,
3    Entity, EventEmitter, Focusable, ForegroundExecutor, Global, PromptButton, PromptLevel, Render,
4    Reservation, Result, Subscription, Task, VisualContext, Window, WindowHandle,
5};
6use anyhow::{Context as _, anyhow};
7use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
8use futures::channel::oneshot;
9use std::{future::Future, rc::Weak};
10
11use super::{Context, WeakEntity};
12
13/// An async-friendly version of [App] with a static lifetime so it can be held across `await` points in async code.
14/// You're provided with an instance when calling [App::spawn], and you can also create one with [App::to_async].
15/// Internally, this holds a weak reference to an `App`, so its methods are fallible to protect against cases where the [App] is dropped.
16#[derive(Clone)]
17pub struct AsyncApp {
18    pub(crate) app: Weak<AppCell>,
19    pub(crate) background_executor: BackgroundExecutor,
20    pub(crate) foreground_executor: ForegroundExecutor,
21}
22
23impl AppContext for AsyncApp {
24    type Result<T> = Result<T>;
25
26    fn new<T: 'static>(
27        &mut self,
28        build_entity: impl FnOnce(&mut Context<T>) -> T,
29    ) -> Self::Result<Entity<T>> {
30        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
31        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
32        Ok(app.new(build_entity))
33    }
34
35    fn reserve_entity<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Result<Reservation<T>> {
36        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
37        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
38        Ok(app.reserve_entity())
39    }
40
41    fn insert_entity<T: 'static>(
42        &mut self,
43        reservation: Reservation<T>,
44        build_entity: impl FnOnce(&mut Context<T>) -> T,
45    ) -> Result<Entity<T>> {
46        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
47        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
48        Ok(app.insert_entity(reservation, build_entity))
49    }
50
51    fn update_entity<T: 'static, R>(
52        &mut self,
53        handle: &Entity<T>,
54        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut Context<T>) -> R,
55    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
56        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
57        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
58        Ok(app.update_entity(handle, update))
59    }
60
61    fn as_mut<'a, T>(&'a mut self, _handle: &Entity<T>) -> Self::Result<super::GpuiBorrow<'a, T>>
62    where
63        T: 'static,
64    {
65        Err(anyhow!(
66            "Cannot as_mut with an async context. Try calling update() first"
67        ))
68    }
69
70    fn read_entity<T, R>(
71        &self,
72        handle: &Entity<T>,
73        callback: impl FnOnce(&T, &App) -> R,
74    ) -> Self::Result<R>
75    where
76        T: 'static,
77    {
78        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
79        let lock = app.borrow();
80        Ok(lock.read_entity(handle, callback))
81    }
82
83    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, f: F) -> Result<T>
84    where
85        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut Window, &mut App) -> T,
86    {
87        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
88        let mut lock = app.try_borrow_mut()?;
89        lock.update_window(window, f)
90    }
91
92    fn read_window<T, R>(
93        &self,
94        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
95        read: impl FnOnce(Entity<T>, &App) -> R,
96    ) -> Result<R>
97    where
98        T: 'static,
99    {
100        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
101        let lock = app.borrow();
102        lock.read_window(window, read)
103    }
104
105    fn background_spawn<R>(&self, future: impl Future<Output = R> + Send + 'static) -> Task<R>
106    where
107        R: Send + 'static,
108    {
109        self.background_executor.spawn(future)
110    }
111
112    fn read_global<G, R>(&self, callback: impl FnOnce(&G, &App) -> R) -> Self::Result<R>
113    where
114        G: Global,
115    {
116        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
117        let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
118        Ok(lock.update(|this| this.read_global(callback)))
119    }
120}
121
122impl AsyncApp {
123    /// Schedules all windows in the application to be redrawn.
124    pub fn refresh(&self) -> Result<()> {
125        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
126        let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
127        // A direct call would leave the refresh effect queued, which cannot wake
128        // a platform render loop that has already parked.
129        lock.update(|cx| cx.refresh_windows());
130        Ok(())
131    }
132
133    /// Get an executor which can be used to spawn futures in the background.
134    pub fn background_executor(&self) -> &BackgroundExecutor {
135        &self.background_executor
136    }
137
138    /// Get an executor which can be used to spawn futures in the foreground.
139    pub fn foreground_executor(&self) -> &ForegroundExecutor {
140        &self.foreground_executor
141    }
142
143    /// Invoke the given function in the context of the app, then flush any effects produced during its invocation.
144    pub fn update<R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut App) -> R) -> Result<R> {
145        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
146        let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
147        Ok(lock.update(f))
148    }
149
150    /// Arrange for the given callback to be invoked whenever the given entity emits an event of a given type.
151    /// The callback is provided a handle to the emitting entity and a reference to the emitted event.
152    pub fn subscribe<T, Event>(
153        &mut self,
154        entity: &Entity<T>,
155        mut on_event: impl FnMut(Entity<T>, &Event, &mut App) + 'static,
156    ) -> Result<Subscription>
157    where
158        T: 'static + EventEmitter<Event>,
159        Event: 'static,
160    {
161        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
162        let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
163        let subscription = lock.subscribe(entity, on_event);
164        Ok(subscription)
165    }
166
167    /// Open a window with the given options based on the root view returned by the given function.
168    pub fn open_window<V>(
169        &self,
170        options: crate::WindowOptions,
171        build_root_view: impl FnOnce(&mut Window, &mut App) -> Entity<V>,
172    ) -> Result<WindowHandle<V>>
173    where
174        V: 'static + Render,
175    {
176        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
177        let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
178        lock.open_window(options, build_root_view)
179    }
180
181    /// Schedule a future to be polled in the background.
182    #[track_caller]
183    pub fn spawn<AsyncFn, R>(&self, f: AsyncFn) -> Task<R>
184    where
185        AsyncFn: AsyncFnOnce(&mut AsyncApp) -> R + 'static,
186        R: 'static,
187    {
188        let mut cx = self.clone();
189        self.foreground_executor
190            .spawn(async move { f(&mut cx).await })
191    }
192
193    /// Determine whether global state of the specified type has been assigned.
194    /// Returns an error if the `App` has been dropped.
195    pub fn has_global<G: Global>(&self) -> Result<bool> {
196        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
197        let app = app.borrow_mut();
198        Ok(app.has_global::<G>())
199    }
200
201    /// Reads the global state of the specified type, passing it to the given callback.
202    ///
203    /// Panics if no global state of the specified type has been assigned.
204    /// Returns an error if the `App` has been dropped.
205    pub fn read_global<G: Global, R>(&self, read: impl FnOnce(&G, &App) -> R) -> Result<R> {
206        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
207        let app = app.borrow_mut();
208        Ok(read(app.global(), &app))
209    }
210
211    /// Reads the global state of the specified type, passing it to the given callback.
212    ///
213    /// Similar to [`AsyncApp::read_global`], but returns an error instead of panicking
214    /// if no state of the specified type has been assigned.
215    ///
216    /// Returns an error if no state of the specified type has been assigned the `App` has been dropped.
217    pub fn try_read_global<G: Global, R>(&self, read: impl FnOnce(&G, &App) -> R) -> Option<R> {
218        let app = self.app.upgrade()?;
219        let app = app.borrow_mut();
220        Some(read(app.try_global()?, &app))
221    }
222
223    /// Reads the global state of the specified type, passing it to the given callback.
224    /// A default value is assigned if a global of this type has not yet been assigned.
225    ///
226    /// # Errors
227    /// If the app has ben dropped this returns an error.
228    pub fn try_read_default_global<G: Global + Default, R>(
229        &self,
230        read: impl FnOnce(&G, &App) -> R,
231    ) -> Result<R> {
232        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
233        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
234        app.update(|cx| {
235            cx.default_global::<G>();
236        });
237        Ok(read(app.try_global().context("app was released")?, &app))
238    }
239
240    /// A convenience method for [`App::update_global`](BorrowAppContext::update_global)
241    /// for updating the global state of the specified type.
242    pub fn update_global<G: Global, R>(
243        &self,
244        update: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut App) -> R,
245    ) -> Result<R> {
246        let app = self.app.upgrade().context("app was released")?;
247        let mut app = app.borrow_mut();
248        Ok(app.update(|cx| cx.update_global(update)))
249    }
250
251    /// Run something using this entity and cx, when the returned struct is dropped
252    pub fn on_drop<T: 'static, Callback: FnOnce(&mut T, &mut Context<T>) + 'static>(
253        &self,
254        entity: &WeakEntity<T>,
255        f: Callback,
256    ) -> util::Deferred<impl FnOnce() + use<T, Callback>> {
257        let entity = entity.clone();
258        let mut cx = self.clone();
259        util::defer(move || {
260            entity.update(&mut cx, f).ok();
261        })
262    }
263}
264
265/// A cloneable, owned handle to the application context,
266/// composed with the window associated with the current task.
267#[derive(Clone, Deref, DerefMut)]
268pub struct AsyncWindowContext {
269    #[deref]
270    #[deref_mut]
271    app: AsyncApp,
272    window: AnyWindowHandle,
273}
274
275impl AsyncWindowContext {
276    pub(crate) fn new_context(app: AsyncApp, window: AnyWindowHandle) -> Self {
277        Self { app, window }
278    }
279
280    /// Get the handle of the window this context is associated with.
281    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
282        self.window
283    }
284
285    /// A convenience method for [`App::update_window`].
286    pub fn update<R>(&mut self, update: impl FnOnce(&mut Window, &mut App) -> R) -> Result<R> {
287        self.app
288            .update_window(self.window, |_, window, cx| update(window, cx))
289    }
290
291    /// A convenience method for [`App::update_window`].
292    pub fn update_root<R>(
293        &mut self,
294        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut Window, &mut App) -> R,
295    ) -> Result<R> {
296        self.app.update_window(self.window, update)
297    }
298
299    /// A convenience method for [`Window::on_next_frame`].
300    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Window, &mut App) + 'static) {
301        self.window
302            .update(self, |_, window, _| window.on_next_frame(f))
303            .ok();
304    }
305
306    /// A convenience method for [`App::global`].
307    pub fn read_global<G: Global, R>(
308        &mut self,
309        read: impl FnOnce(&G, &Window, &App) -> R,
310    ) -> Result<R> {
311        self.window
312            .update(self, |_, window, cx| read(cx.global(), window, cx))
313    }
314
315    /// A convenience method for [`App::update_global`](BorrowAppContext::update_global).
316    /// for updating the global state of the specified type.
317    pub fn update_global<G, R>(
318        &mut self,
319        update: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Window, &mut App) -> R,
320    ) -> Result<R>
321    where
322        G: Global,
323    {
324        self.window.update(self, |_, window, cx| {
325            cx.update_global(|global, cx| update(global, window, cx))
326        })
327    }
328
329    /// Schedule a future to be executed on the main thread. This is used for collecting
330    /// the results of background tasks and updating the UI.
331    #[track_caller]
332    pub fn spawn<AsyncFn, R>(&self, f: AsyncFn) -> Task<R>
333    where
334        AsyncFn: AsyncFnOnce(&mut AsyncWindowContext) -> R + 'static,
335        R: 'static,
336    {
337        let mut cx = self.clone();
338        self.foreground_executor
339            .spawn(async move { f(&mut cx).await })
340    }
341
342    /// Present a platform dialog.
343    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
344    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
345    pub fn prompt<T>(
346        &mut self,
347        level: PromptLevel,
348        message: &str,
349        detail: Option<&str>,
350        answers: &[T],
351    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize>
352    where
353        T: Clone + Into<PromptButton>,
354    {
355        self.window
356            .update(self, |_, window, cx| {
357                window.prompt(level, message, detail, answers, cx)
358            })
359            .unwrap_or_else(|_| oneshot::channel().1)
360    }
361}
362
363impl AppContext for AsyncWindowContext {
364    type Result<T> = Result<T>;
365
366    fn new<T>(&mut self, build_entity: impl FnOnce(&mut Context<T>) -> T) -> Result<Entity<T>>
367    where
368        T: 'static,
369    {
370        let mut build_entity = Some(build_entity);
371        match self.app.update_window(self.window, |_, _, cx| {
372            cx.new(
373                build_entity
374                    .take()
375                    .expect("build_entity is taken exactly once"),
376            )
377        }) {
378            Ok(entity) => Ok(entity),
379            Err(err) => {
380                let Some(build_entity) = build_entity.take() else {
381                    return Err(err);
382                };
383                self.app.new(build_entity)
384            }
385        }
386    }
387
388    fn reserve_entity<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Result<Reservation<T>> {
389        self.app.reserve_entity()
390    }
391
392    fn insert_entity<T: 'static>(
393        &mut self,
394        reservation: Reservation<T>,
395        build_entity: impl FnOnce(&mut Context<T>) -> T,
396    ) -> Self::Result<Entity<T>> {
397        let mut args = Some((reservation, build_entity));
398        match self.app.update_window(self.window, |_, _, cx| {
399            let (reservation, build_entity) = args.take().expect("args are taken exactly once");
400            cx.insert_entity(reservation, build_entity)
401        }) {
402            Ok(entity) => Ok(entity),
403            Err(err) => {
404                let Some((reservation, build_entity)) = args.take() else {
405                    return Err(err);
406                };
407                self.app.insert_entity(reservation, build_entity)
408            }
409        }
410    }
411
412    fn update_entity<T: 'static, R>(
413        &mut self,
414        handle: &Entity<T>,
415        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut Context<T>) -> R,
416    ) -> Result<R> {
417        self.window
418            .update(self, |_, _, cx| cx.update_entity(handle, update))
419    }
420
421    fn as_mut<'a, T>(&'a mut self, _: &Entity<T>) -> Self::Result<super::GpuiBorrow<'a, T>>
422    where
423        T: 'static,
424    {
425        Err(anyhow!(
426            "Cannot use as_mut() from an async context, call `update`"
427        ))
428    }
429
430    fn read_entity<T, R>(
431        &self,
432        handle: &Entity<T>,
433        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &App) -> R,
434    ) -> Self::Result<R>
435    where
436        T: 'static,
437    {
438        self.app.read_entity(handle, read)
439    }
440
441    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
442    where
443        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut Window, &mut App) -> T,
444    {
445        self.app.update_window(window, update)
446    }
447
448    fn read_window<T, R>(
449        &self,
450        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
451        read: impl FnOnce(Entity<T>, &App) -> R,
452    ) -> Result<R>
453    where
454        T: 'static,
455    {
456        self.app.read_window(window, read)
457    }
458
459    fn background_spawn<R>(&self, future: impl Future<Output = R> + Send + 'static) -> Task<R>
460    where
461        R: Send + 'static,
462    {
463        self.app.background_executor.spawn(future)
464    }
465
466    fn read_global<G, R>(&self, callback: impl FnOnce(&G, &App) -> R) -> Result<R>
467    where
468        G: Global,
469    {
470        self.app.read_global(callback)
471    }
472}
473
474impl VisualContext for AsyncWindowContext {
475    fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
476        self.window
477    }
478
479    fn new_window_entity<T: 'static>(
480        &mut self,
481        build_entity: impl FnOnce(&mut Window, &mut Context<T>) -> T,
482    ) -> Self::Result<Entity<T>> {
483        self.window
484            .update(self, |_, window, cx| cx.new(|cx| build_entity(window, cx)))
485    }
486
487    fn update_window_entity<T: 'static, R>(
488        &mut self,
489        view: &Entity<T>,
490        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut Window, &mut Context<T>) -> R,
491    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
492        self.window.update(self, |_, window, cx| {
493            view.update(cx, |entity, cx| update(entity, window, cx))
494        })
495    }
496
497    fn replace_root_view<V>(
498        &mut self,
499        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut Window, &mut Context<V>) -> V,
500    ) -> Self::Result<Entity<V>>
501    where
502        V: 'static + Render,
503    {
504        self.window
505            .update(self, |_, window, cx| window.replace_root(cx, build_view))
506    }
507
508    fn focus<V>(&mut self, view: &Entity<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
509    where
510        V: Focusable,
511    {
512        self.window.update(self, |_, window, cx| {
513            view.read(cx).focus_handle(cx).focus(window);
514        })
515    }
516}
517
518#[cfg(test)]
519mod tests {
520    use super::*;
521    use crate::{Empty, TestAppContext};
522
523    struct TestEntity(usize);
524
525    #[test]
526    fn async_window_context_creates_entities_after_window_closes() {
527        let mut cx = TestAppContext::single();
528        let window = cx.add_window(|_, _| Empty);
529        let window: AnyWindowHandle = window.into();
530        let mut async_cx = cx
531            .update_window(window, |_, window, cx| window.to_async(cx))
532            .unwrap();
533
534        cx.update_window(window, |_, window, _| window.remove_window())
535            .unwrap();
536        assert!(cx.update_window(window, |_, _, _| ()).is_err());
537
538        let entity = async_cx.new(|_| TestEntity(1)).unwrap();
539        assert_eq!(
540            async_cx.read_entity(&entity, |entity, _| entity.0).unwrap(),
541            1
542        );
543
544        let reservation = async_cx.reserve_entity::<TestEntity>().unwrap();
545        let entity = async_cx
546            .insert_entity(reservation, |_| TestEntity(2))
547            .unwrap();
548        assert_eq!(
549            async_cx.read_entity(&entity, |entity, _| entity.0).unwrap(),
550            2
551        );
552    }
553}