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Analytical Black-Scholes formulas for European options and Greeks
§Mathematical Foundation
Under the Black-Scholes model, the underlying asset follows:
dS_t = r S_t dt + σ S_t dW_t
The risk-neutral pricing formula gives:
V(S,t) = e^(-r(T-t)) * E^Q[payoff(S_T) | S_t = S]
For European options, this has closed-form solutions involving the cumulative normal distribution function Φ(x).
Functions§
- bs_
call_ delta - Black-Scholes Delta (∂V/∂S) for European call
- bs_
call_ gamma - Black-Scholes Gamma (∂²V/∂S²) for European call
- bs_
call_ price - Black-Scholes European call option price
- bs_
call_ rho - Black-Scholes Rho (∂V/∂r) for European call
- bs_
call_ theta - Black-Scholes Theta (∂V/∂t) for European call
- bs_
call_ vega - Black-Scholes Vega (∂V/∂σ) for European call
- bs_
put_ price - Black-Scholes European put option price