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base64 decoder/encoder using safe alphabet according to: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4648#section-4 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4648#section-5
Encoding is implementing with padding at the end (add 1 or 2 ‘=’ if necessary to make the data a multiple of 4) Decoding does not require the data to be padded, that is it makes no difference if padding is present or not