es_entity/

forgettable.rs

//! Support for forgettable event data (e.g., for GDPR compliance).
//!
//! The [`Forgettable<T>`] wrapper marks event fields containing personal data that
//! can be permanently deleted. Sensitive field values are stored in a separate
//! "forgettable payloads" table. Calling `forget()` on the repository deletes
//! those payloads, leaving the events intact but with `null` for forgotten fields.

use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};

use std::{fmt, hash, ops::Deref};

/// Wrapper for event fields containing data that can be forgotten (e.g., for GDPR).
///
/// This is an opaque struct — internal state is private so callers cannot
/// pattern-match to extract the raw value. Use [`Forgettable::value()`] to get
/// a [`ForgettableRef`] that derefs to `T` but does **not** implement `Serialize`,
/// preventing accidental re-serialization of personal data.
///
/// # Serde Behavior
///
/// - **Both** set and forgotten values serialize as `null` to prevent data
///   leakage when events are serialized to secondary stores.
/// - Deserializing `null` produces a forgotten value, non-null produces a set value.
/// - Real values are extracted via [`__extract_payload_value`] **before** serde runs,
///   and stored in the forgettable payloads table.
///
/// # JSON Schema
///
/// With the `json-schema` feature enabled, `Forgettable<T>` implements
/// `schemars::JsonSchema` by delegating to `Option<T>`, matching the
/// value-or-null serialized shape — no field-level `#[schemars(with = ...)]`
/// is needed on containing types.
///
/// # Repository Guard
///
/// An event type with `Forgettable<T>` fields must be backed by a repository
/// that enables `forgettable` in `#[es_repo(...)]`; otherwise the payloads are
/// never scrubbed. The repository derive cannot see the event's
/// forgettable-ness at macro time, so for a repository that omits the flag it
/// emits a const assertion on the event's inherent `HAS_FORGETTABLE_FIELDS`.
/// This is that assertion verbatim, and it fails to compile because the event
/// is forgettable:
///
/// ```compile_fail
/// use es_entity::*;
/// use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
///
/// es_entity::entity_id! { UserId }
///
/// #[derive(EsEvent, Serialize, Deserialize)]
/// #[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "snake_case")]
/// #[es_event(id = "UserId")]
/// pub enum UserEvent {
///     Initialized { id: UserId, name: Forgettable<String> },
/// }
///
/// const _: () = assert!(
///     !UserEvent::HAS_FORGETTABLE_FIELDS,
///     "event type has Forgettable fields but this repo does not enable `forgettable`; add `forgettable` to #[es_repo(...)]"
/// );
/// ```
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// use es_entity::Forgettable;
///
/// let name: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string());
/// assert_eq!(&*name.value().unwrap(), "Alice");
///
/// let forgotten: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::forgotten();
/// assert!(forgotten.value().is_none());
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct Forgettable<T>(Option<T>);

impl<T> Default for Forgettable<T> {
    /// Returns a forgotten (empty) `Forgettable`.
    fn default() -> Self {
        Forgettable(None)
    }
}

impl<T> From<T> for Forgettable<T> {
    fn from(value: T) -> Self {
        Forgettable(Some(value))
    }
}

impl<T> Forgettable<T> {
    /// Creates a new `Forgettable` containing the given value.
    pub fn new(value: T) -> Self {
        Forgettable(Some(value))
    }

    /// Creates a forgotten (empty) `Forgettable`.
    pub fn forgotten() -> Self {
        Forgettable(None)
    }

    /// Returns a [`ForgettableRef`] wrapping the inner value, or `None` if forgotten.
    ///
    /// `ForgettableRef` implements `Deref<Target = T>` but **not** `Serialize`,
    /// so you can read the value but cannot accidentally serialize it.
    pub fn value(&self) -> Option<ForgettableRef<'_, T>> {
        self.0.as_ref().map(ForgettableRef)
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the value is present.
    pub fn is_set(&self) -> bool {
        self.0.is_some()
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the value has been forgotten.
    pub fn is_forgotten(&self) -> bool {
        self.0.is_none()
    }
}

impl<T: Serialize> Forgettable<T> {
    /// Extracts the inner value as a `serde_json::Value` for storage in
    /// the forgettable payloads table. Returns `None` if forgotten.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    pub fn __extract_payload_value(&self) -> Option<serde_json::Value> {
        self.0
            .as_ref()
            .map(|v| serde_json::to_value(v).expect("Failed to serialize forgettable field"))
    }
}

impl<T: Serialize> Serialize for Forgettable<T> {
    fn serialize<S: Serializer>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
        serializer.serialize_none()
    }
}

impl<'de, T: Deserialize<'de>> Deserialize<'de> for Forgettable<T> {
    fn deserialize<D: Deserializer<'de>>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error> {
        let value = Option::<T>::deserialize(deserializer)?;
        match value {
            Some(v) => Ok(Forgettable(Some(v))),
            None => Ok(Forgettable(None)),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "json-schema")]
impl<T: schemars::JsonSchema> schemars::JsonSchema for Forgettable<T> {
    fn inline_schema() -> bool {
        Option::<T>::inline_schema()
    }

    fn schema_name() -> std::borrow::Cow<'static, str> {
        Option::<T>::schema_name()
    }

    fn schema_id() -> std::borrow::Cow<'static, str> {
        Option::<T>::schema_id()
    }

    fn json_schema(generator: &mut schemars::SchemaGenerator) -> schemars::Schema {
        Option::<T>::json_schema(generator)
    }
}

/// A non-serializable reference to the value inside a [`Forgettable<T>`].
///
/// Implements `Deref<Target = T>` so you can use it like `&T`, but does **not**
/// implement `Serialize` or `Clone`, preventing accidental re-serialization or
/// extraction of personal data.
pub struct ForgettableRef<'a, T>(&'a T);

impl<T: fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        self.0.fmt(f)
    }
}

impl<T: fmt::Display> fmt::Display for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        self.0.fmt(f)
    }
}

impl<T> Deref for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    type Target = T;

    fn deref(&self) -> &T {
        self.0
    }
}

impl<T: PartialEq> PartialEq<T> for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    fn eq(&self, other: &T) -> bool {
        self.0 == other
    }
}

impl<T: PartialEq> PartialEq for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
        self.0 == other.0
    }
}

impl<T: Eq> Eq for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {}

impl<T: hash::Hash> hash::Hash for ForgettableRef<'_, T> {
    fn hash<H: hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
        self.0.hash(state);
    }
}

/// Injects forgettable payload values back into an event JSON object.
///
/// Merges all keys from the payload into the event JSON, overwriting `null` values
/// with the original data.
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn inject_forgettable_payload(event_json: &mut serde_json::Value, payload: serde_json::Value) {
    if let (Some(event_obj), serde_json::Value::Object(payload_obj)) =
        (event_json.as_object_mut(), payload)
    {
        for (key, value) in payload_obj {
            event_obj.insert(key, value);
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use proptest::prelude::*;

    /// Bounded JSON strategy (null/bool/int/float/string + one level of
    /// array/object nesting) used to exercise the merge and serde paths.
    fn json_value() -> impl Strategy<Value = serde_json::Value> {
        let scalar = prop_oneof![
            Just(serde_json::Value::Null),
            any::<bool>().prop_map(serde_json::Value::Bool),
            any::<i64>().prop_map(serde_json::Value::from),
            any::<f64>().prop_map(serde_json::Value::from),
            ".{0,15}".prop_map(serde_json::Value::String),
        ]
        .boxed();
        let nested = prop_oneof![
            proptest::collection::vec(scalar.clone(), 0..4).prop_map(serde_json::Value::Array),
            proptest::collection::vec((".{0,6}", scalar.clone()), 0..4).prop_map(|pairs| {
                let mut m = serde_json::Map::new();
                for (k, v) in pairs {
                    m.insert(k, v);
                }
                serde_json::Value::Object(m)
            },),
        ];
        prop_oneof![scalar, nested]
    }

    #[test]
    fn serialize_set_emits_null() {
        let value: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string());
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&value).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(json, serde_json::json!(null));
    }

    #[test]
    fn serialize_forgotten_emits_null() {
        let value: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::forgotten();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&value).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(json, serde_json::json!(null));
    }

    #[test]
    fn deserialize_value() {
        let json = serde_json::json!("Alice");
        let value: Forgettable<String> = serde_json::from_value(json).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn deserialize_null() {
        let json = serde_json::json!(null);
        let value: Forgettable<String> = serde_json::from_value(json).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, Forgettable::forgotten());
    }

    #[test]
    fn serialize_struct_with_forgettable_emits_null() {
        #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq)]
        struct Event {
            #[serde(rename = "type")]
            kind: String,
            name: Forgettable<String>,
            email: String,
        }

        let event = Event {
            kind: "initialized".to_string(),
            name: Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string()),
            email: "alice@test.com".to_string(),
        };
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&event).unwrap();
        // Set serializes as null to prevent data leakage
        assert_eq!(json["name"], serde_json::json!(null));
        assert_eq!(json["email"], serde_json::json!("alice@test.com"));

        // Deserializing null yields Forgotten (real values come from payload table)
        let deserialized: Event = serde_json::from_value(json).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(deserialized.name, Forgettable::forgotten());

        // Forgotten also serializes as null
        let event_forgotten = Event {
            kind: "initialized".to_string(),
            name: Forgettable::forgotten(),
            email: "alice@test.com".to_string(),
        };
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&event_forgotten).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(json["name"], serde_json::json!(null));

        let deserialized: Event = serde_json::from_value(json).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(deserialized, event_forgotten);
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_payload() {
        let mut json = serde_json::json!({
            "type": "initialized",
            "id": "uuid",
            "name": null,
            "email": "alice@test.com"
        });

        let payload = serde_json::json!({"name": "Alice"});
        inject_forgettable_payload(&mut json, payload);

        assert_eq!(json["name"], serde_json::json!("Alice"));
        assert_eq!(json["email"], serde_json::json!("alice@test.com"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn value_helpers() {
        let set: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::new("test".to_string());
        assert!(set.is_set());
        assert!(!set.is_forgotten());
        assert_eq!(&*set.value().unwrap(), "test");

        let forgotten: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::forgotten();
        assert!(!forgotten.is_set());
        assert!(forgotten.is_forgotten());
        assert!(forgotten.value().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn extract_payload_value() {
        let set: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string());
        assert_eq!(
            set.__extract_payload_value(),
            Some(serde_json::json!("Alice"))
        );

        let forgotten: Forgettable<String> = Forgettable::forgotten();
        assert_eq!(forgotten.__extract_payload_value(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn forgettable_ref_deref() {
        let f = Forgettable::new("hello".to_string());
        let r = f.value().unwrap();
        // Deref to &String
        assert_eq!(r.len(), 5);
        assert_eq!(&*r, "hello");
    }

    #[test]
    fn forgettable_ref_display() {
        let f = Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string());
        let r = f.value().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(format!("{r}"), "Alice");
    }

    #[test]
    fn forgettable_ref_partial_eq() {
        let f = Forgettable::new("Alice".to_string());
        let r = f.value().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(r, "Alice".to_string());
    }

    #[test]
    fn default_is_forgotten() {
        let f: Forgettable<String> = Default::default();
        assert!(f.is_forgotten());
        assert!(f.value().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_value() {
        let f: Forgettable<String> = "Alice".to_string().into();
        assert!(f.is_set());
        assert_eq!(&*f.value().unwrap(), "Alice");
    }

    proptest! {
        /// `inject_forgettable_payload` must never panic on any pair of JSON
        /// values. When both sides are objects it merges payload over event
        /// (payload wins on conflict); otherwise the event is left untouched.
        #[test]
        fn inject_never_panics_and_merges_only_objects(
            event_in in json_value(),
            payload in json_value(),
        ) {
            let mut event = event_in.clone();
            inject_forgettable_payload(&mut event, payload.clone());

            if event_in.is_object() && payload.is_object() {
                let payload_obj = payload.as_object().unwrap();
                // payload keys are present in the result with payload's values.
                for (k, v) in payload_obj {
                    prop_assert_eq!(event.get(k), Some(v));
                }
                // non-overwritten original keys are retained.
                for (k, v) in event_in.as_object().unwrap() {
                    if !payload_obj.contains_key(k) {
                        prop_assert_eq!(event.get(k), Some(v));
                    }
                }
            } else {
                prop_assert_eq!(event, event_in);
            }
        }

        /// A set `Forgettable` and a forgotten one serialize identically to
        /// `null` (data-leakage guard), and the set/forgotten flags are always
        /// mutually exclusive.
        #[test]
        fn forgettable_always_serializes_to_null(opt in any::<Option<String>>()) {
            let v = serde_json::to_value(&opt).expect("serialize option");
            let f: Forgettable<String> =
                serde_json::from_value(v.clone()).expect("deserialize forgettable");
            prop_assert_eq!(f.is_set(), opt.is_some());
            prop_assert_eq!(f.is_forgotten(), opt.is_none());
            prop_assert_eq!(serde_json::to_value(&f).unwrap(), serde_json::Value::Null);
            // round-trip from null yields forgotten.
            let from_null: Forgettable<String> =
                serde_json::from_value(serde_json::Value::Null).unwrap();
            prop_assert!(from_null.is_forgotten());
        }

        /// Deserializing a non-string, non-null value must error (never panic).
        #[test]
        fn forgettable_rejects_non_string_value(n in any::<i64>()) {
            let res: Result<Forgettable<String>, _> =
                serde_json::from_value(serde_json::Value::from(n));
            prop_assert!(res.is_err());
        }
    }
}