Struct ergo_fs::PathBuf1.0.0 [−] [src]

pub struct PathBuf { /* fields omitted */ }

An owned, mutable path (akin to String).

This type provides methods like push and set_extension that mutate the path in place. It also implements Deref to Path, meaning that all methods on Path slices are available on PathBuf values as well.

More details about the overall approach can be found in the module documentation.

Examples

You can use push to build up a PathBuf from components:

use std::path::PathBuf;

let mut path = PathBuf::new();

path.push(r"C:\");
path.push("windows");
path.push("system32");

path.set_extension("dll");

However, push is best used for dynamic situations. This is a better way to do this when you know all of the components ahead of time:

use std::path::PathBuf;

let path: PathBuf = [r"C:\", "windows", "system32.dll"].iter().collect();

We can still do better than this! Since these are all strings, we can use From::from:

use std::path::PathBuf;

let path = PathBuf::from(r"C:\windows\system32.dll");

Which method works best depends on what kind of situation you're in.

Methods

`impl PathBuf`
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`pub fn new() -> PathBuf`
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Allocates an empty PathBuf.

Examples

use std::path::PathBuf;

let path = PathBuf::new();

`pub fn as_path(&self) -> &Path`
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Coerces to a Path slice.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let p = PathBuf::from("/test");
assert_eq!(Path::new("/test"), p.as_path());

`pub fn push(&mut self, path: P) where P: AsRef<Path>,`
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Extends self with path.

If path is absolute, it replaces the current path.

On Windows:

if path has a root but no prefix (e.g. \windows), it replaces everything except for the prefix (if any) of self.
if path has a prefix but no root, it replaces self.

Examples

Pushing a relative path extends the existing path:

use std::path::PathBuf;

let mut path = PathBuf::from("/tmp");
path.push("file.bk");
assert_eq!(path, PathBuf::from("/tmp/file.bk"));

Pushing an absolute path replaces the existing path:

use std::path::PathBuf;

let mut path = PathBuf::from("/tmp");
path.push("/etc");
assert_eq!(path, PathBuf::from("/etc"));

`pub fn pop(&mut self) -> bool`
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Truncates self to self.parent.

Returns false and does nothing if self.file_name is None. Otherwise, returns true.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let mut p = PathBuf::from("/test/test.rs");

p.pop();
assert_eq!(Path::new("/test"), p);
p.pop();
assert_eq!(Path::new("/"), p);

`pub fn set_file_name<S>(&mut self, file_name: S) where S: AsRef<OsStr>,`
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Updates self.file_name to file_name.

If self.file_name was None, this is equivalent to pushing file_name.

Otherwise it is equivalent to calling pop and then pushing file_name. The new path will be a sibling of the original path. (That is, it will have the same parent.)

Examples

use std::path::PathBuf;

let mut buf = PathBuf::from("/");
assert!(buf.file_name() == None);
buf.set_file_name("bar");
assert!(buf == PathBuf::from("/bar"));
assert!(buf.file_name().is_some());
buf.set_file_name("baz.txt");
assert!(buf == PathBuf::from("/baz.txt"));

`pub fn set_extension<S>(&mut self, extension: S) -> bool where S: AsRef<OsStr>,`
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Updates self.extension to extension.

Returns false and does nothing if self.file_name is None, returns true and updates the extension otherwise.

If self.extension is None, the extension is added; otherwise it is replaced.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let mut p = PathBuf::from("/feel/the");

p.set_extension("force");
assert_eq!(Path::new("/feel/the.force"), p.as_path());

p.set_extension("dark_side");
assert_eq!(Path::new("/feel/the.dark_side"), p.as_path());

`pub fn into_os_string(self) -> OsString`
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Consumes the PathBuf, yielding its internal OsString storage.

Examples

use std::path::PathBuf;

let p = PathBuf::from("/the/head");
let os_str = p.into_os_string();

ⓘImportant traits for Box<W>
Important traits for Box<W>
`impl<W> Write for Box<W> where W: Write + ?Sized, impl<R> Read for Box<R> where R: Read + ?Sized, impl Iterator for Box where I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = ::Item;`
`pub fn into_boxed_path(self) -> Box<Path>`
1.20.0
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Converts this PathBuf into a boxed Path.

Methods from Deref<Target = Path>

`pub fn as_os_str(&self) -> &OsStr`
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Yields the underlying OsStr slice.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let os_str = Path::new("foo.txt").as_os_str();
assert_eq!(os_str, std::ffi::OsStr::new("foo.txt"));

`pub fn to_str(&self) -> Option<&str>`
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Yields a &str slice if the Path is valid unicode.

This conversion may entail doing a check for UTF-8 validity.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.to_str(), Some("foo.txt"));

`pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<str>`
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Converts a Path to a Cow<str>.

Any non-Unicode sequences are replaced with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.

Examples

Calling to_string_lossy on a Path with valid unicode:

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.to_string_lossy(), "foo.txt");

Had path contained invalid unicode, the to_string_lossy call might have returned "fo�.txt".

`pub fn to_path_buf(&self) -> PathBuf`
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Converts a Path to an owned PathBuf.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path_buf = Path::new("foo.txt").to_path_buf();
assert_eq!(path_buf, std::path::PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));

`pub fn is_absolute(&self) -> bool`
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Returns true if the Path is absolute, i.e. if it is independent of the current directory.

On Unix, a path is absolute if it starts with the root, so is_absolute and has_root are equivalent.
On Windows, a path is absolute if it has a prefix and starts with the root: c:\windows is absolute, while c:temp and \temp are not.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

assert!(!Path::new("foo.txt").is_absolute());

`pub fn is_relative(&self) -> bool`
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Returns true if the Path is relative, i.e. not absolute.

See is_absolute's documentation for more details.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

assert!(Path::new("foo.txt").is_relative());

`pub fn has_root(&self) -> bool`
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Returns true if the Path has a root.

On Unix, a path has a root if it begins with /.
On Windows, a path has a root if it:
- has no prefix and begins with a separator, e.g. \\windows
- has a prefix followed by a separator, e.g. c:\windows but not c:windows
- has any non-disk prefix, e.g. \\server\share

Examples

use std::path::Path;

assert!(Path::new("/etc/passwd").has_root());

`pub fn parent(&self) -> Option<&Path>`
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Returns the Path without its final component, if there is one.

Returns None if the path terminates in a root or prefix.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/foo/bar");
let parent = path.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(parent, Path::new("/foo"));

let grand_parent = parent.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(grand_parent, Path::new("/"));
assert_eq!(grand_parent.parent(), None);

ⓘImportant traits for Ancestors<'a>
Important traits for Ancestors<'a>
`impl<'a> Iterator for Ancestors<'a> type Item = &'a Path;`
`pub fn ancestors(&self) -> Ancestors`
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🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (path_ancestors)

Produces an iterator over Path and its ancestors.

The iterator will yield the Path that is returned if the parent method is used zero or more times. That means, the iterator will yield &self, &self.parent().unwrap(), &self.parent().unwrap().parent().unwrap() and so on. If the parent method returns None, the iterator will do likewise. The iterator will always yield at least one value, namely &self.

Examples

#![feature(path_ancestors)]

use std::path::Path;

let mut ancestors = Path::new("/foo/bar").ancestors();
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/foo/bar")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/foo")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None);

`pub fn file_name(&self) -> Option<&OsStr>`
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Returns the final component of the Path, if there is one.

If the path is a normal file, this is the file name. If it's the path of a directory, this is the directory name.

Returns None if the path terminates in ...

Examples

use std::path::Path;
use std::ffi::OsStr;

assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("bin")), Path::new("/usr/bin/").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("tmp/foo.txt").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("foo.txt/.").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("foo.txt/.//").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Path::new("foo.txt/..").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Path::new("/").file_name());

`pub fn strip_prefix( &'a self, base: &'a P ) -> Result<&'a Path, StripPrefixError> where P: AsRef<Path> + ?Sized,`
1.7.0
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Returns a path that, when joined onto base, yields self.

Errors

If base is not a prefix of self (i.e. starts_with returns false), returns Err.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/test/haha/foo.txt");

assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/"), Ok(Path::new("test/haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test"), Ok(Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/"), Ok(Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt"), Ok(Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt/"), Ok(Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("test").is_ok(), false);
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/haha").is_ok(), false);

`pub fn starts_with(&self, base: P) -> bool where P: AsRef<Path>,`
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Determines whether base is a prefix of self.

Only considers whole path components to match.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/etc/passwd");

assert!(path.starts_with("/etc"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd/"));

assert!(!path.starts_with("/e"));

`pub fn ends_with(&self, child: P) -> bool where P: AsRef<Path>,`
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Determines whether child is a suffix of self.

Only considers whole path components to match.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/etc/passwd");

assert!(path.ends_with("passwd"));

`pub fn file_stem(&self) -> Option<&OsStr>`
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Extracts the stem (non-extension) portion of self.file_name.

The stem is:

None, if there is no file name;
The entire file name if there is no embedded .;
The entire file name if the file name begins with . and has no other .s within;
Otherwise, the portion of the file name before the final .

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("foo.rs");

assert_eq!("foo", path.file_stem().unwrap());

`pub fn extension(&self) -> Option<&OsStr>`
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Extracts the extension of self.file_name, if possible.

The extension is:

None, if there is no file name;
None, if there is no embedded .;
None, if the file name begins with . and has no other .s within;
Otherwise, the portion of the file name after the final .

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("foo.rs");

assert_eq!("rs", path.extension().unwrap());

`pub fn join(&self, path: P) -> PathBuf where P: AsRef<Path>,`
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Creates an owned PathBuf with path adjoined to self.

See PathBuf::push for more details on what it means to adjoin a path.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

assert_eq!(Path::new("/etc").join("passwd"), PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd"));

`pub fn with_file_name<S>(&self, file_name: S) -> PathBuf where S: AsRef<OsStr>,`
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Creates an owned PathBuf like self but with the given file name.

See PathBuf::set_file_name for more details.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let path = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("bar.txt"), PathBuf::from("/tmp/bar.txt"));

let path = Path::new("/tmp");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("var"), PathBuf::from("/var"));

`pub fn with_extension<S>(&self, extension: S) -> PathBuf where S: AsRef<OsStr>,`
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Creates an owned PathBuf like self but with the given extension.

See PathBuf::set_extension for more details.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let path = Path::new("foo.rs");
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("txt"), PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));

ⓘImportant traits for Components<'a>
Important traits for Components<'a>
`impl<'a> Iterator for Components<'a> type Item = Component<'a>;`
`pub fn components(&self) -> Components`
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Produces an iterator over the Components of the path.

When parsing the path, there is a small amount of normalization:

Repeated separators are ignored, so a/b and a//b both have a and b as components.
Occurrences of . are normalized away, except if they are at the beginning of the path. For example, a/./b, a/b/, a/b/. and a/b all have a and b as components, but ./a/b starts with an additional CurDir component.

Note that no other normalization takes place; in particular, a/c and a/b/../c are distinct, to account for the possibility that b is a symbolic link (so its parent isn't a).

Examples

use std::path::{Path, Component};
use std::ffi::OsStr;

let mut components = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").components();

assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::RootDir));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::Normal(OsStr::new("tmp"))));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::Normal(OsStr::new("foo.txt"))));
assert_eq!(components.next(), None)

ⓘImportant traits for Iter<'a>
Important traits for Iter<'a>
`impl<'a> Iterator for Iter<'a> type Item = &'a OsStr;`
`pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter`
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Produces an iterator over the path's components viewed as OsStr slices.

For more information about the particulars of how the path is separated into components, see components.

Examples

use std::path::{self, Path};
use std::ffi::OsStr;

let mut it = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").iter();
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new(&path::MAIN_SEPARATOR.to_string())));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new("tmp")));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(it.next(), None)

`pub fn display(&self) -> Display`
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Returns an object that implements Display for safely printing paths that may contain non-Unicode data.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/tmp/foo.rs");

println!("{}", path.display());

`pub fn metadata(&self) -> Result<Metadata, Error>`
1.5.0
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Queries the file system to get information about a file, directory, etc.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.

This is an alias to fs::metadata.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.metadata().expect("metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());

`pub fn symlink_metadata(&self) -> Result<Metadata, Error>`
1.5.0
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Queries the metadata about a file without following symlinks.

This is an alias to fs::symlink_metadata.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.symlink_metadata().expect("symlink_metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());

`pub fn canonicalize(&self) -> Result<PathBuf, Error>`
1.5.0
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Returns the canonical form of the path with all intermediate components normalized and symbolic links resolved.

This is an alias to fs::canonicalize.

Examples

use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

let path = Path::new("/foo/test/../test/bar.rs");
assert_eq!(path.canonicalize().unwrap(), PathBuf::from("/foo/test/bar.rs"));

`pub fn read_link(&self) -> Result<PathBuf, Error>`
1.5.0
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Reads a symbolic link, returning the file that the link points to.

This is an alias to fs::read_link.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/laputa/sky_castle.rs");
let path_link = path.read_link().expect("read_link call failed");

`pub fn read_dir(&self) -> Result<ReadDir, Error>`
1.5.0
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Returns an iterator over the entries within a directory.

The iterator will yield instances of io::Result<DirEntry>. New errors may be encountered after an iterator is initially constructed.

This is an alias to fs::read_dir.

Examples

use std::path::Path;

let path = Path::new("/laputa");
for entry in path.read_dir().expect("read_dir call failed") {
    if let Ok(entry) = entry {
        println!("{:?}", entry.path());
    }
}

`pub fn exists(&self) -> bool`
1.5.0
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Returns whether the path points at an existing entity.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return false.

If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g. because of a permission error, this will return false.

Examples

use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!(Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").exists(), false);

Examples

use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!(Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_file(), false);
assert_eq!(Path::new("a_file.txt").is_file(), true);

Examples

use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!(Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_dir(), true);
assert_eq!(Path::new("a_file.txt").is_dir(), false);

Examples

use path_abs::PathFile;
use std::path::PathBuf;

let file = PathFile::new("src/lib.rs")?;
let buf: PathBuf = file.into();

`impl Into<PathBuf> for PathDir`
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`fn into(self) -> PathBuf`
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Downgrades the PathDir into a PathBuf. Avoids a clone if this is the only reference.

Examples

use path_abs::PathDir;
use std::path::PathBuf;

let dir = PathDir::new("src")?;
let buf: PathBuf = dir.into();

`impl Into<PathBuf> for PathArc`
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`fn into(self) -> PathBuf`
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If there is only one reference to the PathArc, returns the inner PathBuf. Otherwise clones the inner PathBuf.

This is useful when you really want a PathBuf, especially when the PathArc was only recently created.

Examples

use path_abs::PathArc;
use std::path::PathBuf;

let base = PathArc::new("base");
let foo: PathBuf = base.join("foo.txt").into();

`impl Into<PathBuf> for PathType`
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`fn into(self) -> PathBuf`
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Downgrades the PathType into a PathBuf. Avoids a clone if this is the only reference.

Examples

use path_abs::PathType;
use std::path::PathBuf;

let ty = PathType::new("src/lib.rs")?;
let buf: PathBuf = ty.into();