dusk_node/

mempool.rs

// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
//
// Copyright (c) DUSK NETWORK. All rights reserved.

pub mod conf;

use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;

use anyhow::anyhow;
use async_trait::async_trait;
use conf::{
    DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_REDUNDANCY, DEFAULT_EXPIRY_TIME, DEFAULT_IDLE_INTERVAL,
};
use dusk_consensus::config::MAX_BLOCK_SIZE;
use dusk_consensus::errors::BlobError;
use dusk_core::stake::STAKE_CONTRACT;
use dusk_core::transfer::TRANSFER_CONTRACT;
use dusk_core::TxPreconditionError;
use node_data::events::{Event, TransactionEvent};
use node_data::get_current_timestamp;
use node_data::ledger::{Header, SpendingId, Transaction};
use node_data::message::{payload, AsyncQueue, Payload, Topics};
use rkyv::ser::serializers::{
    BufferScratch, BufferSerializer, BufferSerializerError,
    CompositeSerializer, CompositeSerializerError,
};
use rkyv::ser::Serializer;
use rkyv::Infallible;
use thiserror::Error;
use tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender;
use tokio::sync::RwLock;
use tracing::{error, info, warn};

use crate::database::{Ledger, Mempool};
use crate::mempool::conf::Params;
use crate::vm::PreverificationResult;
use crate::{database, vm, LongLivedService, Message, Network};

const TOPICS: &[u8] = &[Topics::Tx as u8];

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
pub enum TxAcceptanceError {
    #[error("this transaction exists in the mempool")]
    AlreadyExistsInMempool,
    #[error("this transaction exists in the ledger")]
    AlreadyExistsInLedger,
    #[error("Transaction blob id {} is missing sidecar", hex::encode(.0))]
    BlobMissingSidecar([u8; 32]),
    #[error("No blobs provided")]
    BlobEmpty,
    #[error("Transaction has too many blobs: {0}")]
    BlobTooMany(usize),
    #[error("Invalid blob: {0}")]
    BlobInvalid(String),
    #[error("this transaction's spendId exists in the mempool")]
    SpendIdExistsInMempool,
    #[error("this transaction is invalid {0}")]
    VerificationFailed(String),
    #[error("gas price lower than minimum {0}")]
    GasPriceTooLow(u64),
    #[error("gas limit lower than minimum {0}")]
    GasLimitTooLow(u64),
    #[error("Maximum count of transactions exceeded {0}")]
    MaxTxnCountExceeded(usize),
    #[error("this transaction is too large to be serialized")]
    TooLarge,
    #[error("Maximum transaction size exceeded {0}")]
    MaxSizeExceeded(usize),
    #[error("A generic error occurred {0}")]
    Generic(anyhow::Error),
}

impl From<anyhow::Error> for TxAcceptanceError {
    fn from(err: anyhow::Error) -> Self {
        Self::Generic(err)
    }
}

impl From<BlobError> for TxAcceptanceError {
    fn from(err: BlobError) -> Self {
        match err {
            BlobError::MissingSidecar(id) => {
                TxAcceptanceError::BlobMissingSidecar(id)
            }
            BlobError::BlobEmpty => TxAcceptanceError::BlobEmpty,
            BlobError::BlobTooMany(n) => TxAcceptanceError::BlobTooMany(n),
            BlobError::BlobInvalid(msg) => TxAcceptanceError::BlobInvalid(msg),
        }
    }
}

impl From<TxPreconditionError> for TxAcceptanceError {
    fn from(err: TxPreconditionError) -> Self {
        match err {
            TxPreconditionError::BlobLowLimit(min) => {
                TxAcceptanceError::GasLimitTooLow(min)
            }
            TxPreconditionError::DeployLowLimit(min) => {
                TxAcceptanceError::GasLimitTooLow(min)
            }
            TxPreconditionError::DeployLowPrice(min) => {
                TxAcceptanceError::GasPriceTooLow(min)
            }
            TxPreconditionError::BlobEmpty => TxAcceptanceError::BlobEmpty,
            TxPreconditionError::BlobTooMany(n) => {
                TxAcceptanceError::BlobTooMany(n)
            }
        }
    }
}

pub struct MempoolSrv {
    inbound: AsyncQueue<Message>,
    conf: Params,
    /// Sender channel for sending out RUES events
    event_sender: Sender<Event>,
}

impl MempoolSrv {
    pub fn new(conf: Params, event_sender: Sender<Event>) -> Self {
        info!("MempoolSrv::new with conf {}", conf);
        Self {
            inbound: AsyncQueue::bounded(
                conf.max_queue_size,
                "mempool_inbound",
            ),
            conf,
            event_sender,
        }
    }
}

#[async_trait]
impl<N: Network, DB: database::DB, VM: vm::VMExecution>
    LongLivedService<N, DB, VM> for MempoolSrv
{
    async fn execute(
        &mut self,
        network: Arc<RwLock<N>>,
        db: Arc<RwLock<DB>>,
        vm: Arc<RwLock<VM>>,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<usize> {
        LongLivedService::<N, DB, VM>::add_routes(
            self,
            TOPICS,
            self.inbound.clone(),
            &network,
        )
        .await?;

        // Request mempool update from N alive peers
        self.request_mempool(&network).await;

        let idle_interval =
            self.conf.idle_interval.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_IDLE_INTERVAL);

        let mempool_expiry = self
            .conf
            .mempool_expiry
            .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_EXPIRY_TIME)
            .as_secs();

        // Mempool service loop
        let mut on_idle_event = tokio::time::interval(idle_interval);
        loop {
            tokio::select! {
                biased;
                _ = on_idle_event.tick() => {
                    info!(event = "mempool_idle", interval = ?idle_interval);

                    let expiration_time = get_current_timestamp()
                        .checked_sub(mempool_expiry)
                        .expect("valid duration");

                    // Remove expired transactions from the mempool
                    db.read().await.update(|db| {
                        let expired_txs = db.mempool_expired_txs(expiration_time).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
                            error!("cannot get expired txs: {e}");
                            vec![]
                        });
                        for tx_id in expired_txs {
                            info!(event = "expired_tx", hash = hex::encode(tx_id));
                            let deleted_txs = db.delete_mempool_tx(tx_id, true).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
                                error!("cannot delete expired tx: {e}");
                                vec![]
                            });
                            for deleted_tx_id in deleted_txs{
                                let event = TransactionEvent::Removed(deleted_tx_id);
                                info!(event = "mempool_deleted", hash = hex::encode(deleted_tx_id));
                                if let Err(e) = self.event_sender.try_send(event.into()) {
                                    warn!("cannot notify mempool removed transaction {e}")
                                };
                            }
                        }
                        Ok(())
                    })?;

                },
                msg = self.inbound.recv() => {
                    if let Ok(msg) = msg {
                        match &msg.payload {
                            Payload::Transaction(tx) => {
                                let accept = self.accept_tx(&db, &vm, tx);
                                if let Err(e) = accept.await {
                                    error!("Tx {} not accepted: {e}", hex::encode(tx.id()));
                                    continue;
                                }

                                let network = network.read().await;
                                if let Err(e) = network.broadcast(&msg).await {
                                    warn!("Unable to broadcast accepted tx: {e}")
                                };
                            }
                            _ => error!("invalid inbound message payload"),
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Returns service name.
    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
        "mempool"
    }
}

impl MempoolSrv {
    async fn accept_tx<DB: database::DB, VM: vm::VMExecution>(
        &mut self,
        db: &Arc<RwLock<DB>>,
        vm: &Arc<RwLock<VM>>,
        tx: &Transaction,
    ) -> Result<(), TxAcceptanceError> {
        let max_mempool_txn_count = self.conf.max_mempool_txn_count;

        let events =
            MempoolSrv::check_tx(db, vm, tx, false, max_mempool_txn_count)
                .await?;

        tracing::info!(
            event = "transaction accepted",
            hash = hex::encode(tx.id())
        );

        for tx_event in events {
            let node_event = tx_event.into();
            if let Err(e) = self.event_sender.try_send(node_event) {
                warn!("cannot notify mempool accepted transaction {e}")
            };
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    pub async fn check_tx<'t, DB: database::DB, VM: vm::VMExecution>(
        db: &Arc<RwLock<DB>>,
        vm: &Arc<RwLock<VM>>,
        tx: &'t Transaction,
        dry_run: bool,
        max_mempool_txn_count: usize,
    ) -> Result<Vec<TransactionEvent<'t>>, TxAcceptanceError> {
        let tx_id = tx.id();
        let tx_size = tx.size();

        // We consider the maximum transaction size as the total avilable block
        // space minus the minimum size of the block header (i.e., the size of
        // the header in a first-iteration block with no faults)
        let min_header_size = Header::default().size();
        let max_tx_size = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE - min_header_size;
        if tx_size > max_tx_size {
            return Err(TxAcceptanceError::MaxSizeExceeded(tx_size));
        }

        check_tx_serialization(&tx.inner)?;

        if tx.gas_price() < 1 {
            return Err(TxAcceptanceError::GasPriceTooLow(1));
        }

        let tip_height = db
            .read()
            .await
            .view(|db| db.latest_block())
            .map_err(|e| {
                anyhow!("Cannot get tip block height from the database: {e}")
            })?
            .header
            .height;

        {
            // Mimic the VM's additional checks for transactions
            let vm = vm.read().await;

            let disable_wasm_32 = vm.wasm32_disabled(tip_height);
            let disable_wasm_64 = vm.wasm64_disabled(tip_height);
            let disable_3rd_party = vm.third_party_disabled(tip_height);

            if let Some(_contract_deploy) = tx.inner.deploy() {
                match (disable_wasm_32, disable_wasm_64) {
                    (true, true) => {
                        Err(TxAcceptanceError::Generic(anyhow::anyhow!(
                            "contract deployment is not enabled in the VM"
                        )))
                    }
                    // TODO: We should selectively check both config in the
                    // future
                    _ => Ok(()),
                }?
            }

            if disable_3rd_party {
                if let Some(call) = tx.inner.call() {
                    if call.contract != TRANSFER_CONTRACT
                        && call.contract != STAKE_CONTRACT
                    {
                        Err(TxAcceptanceError::Generic(anyhow::anyhow!(
                            "3rd party contracts are not enabled in the VM"
                        )))?;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Check deployment tx
            if tx.inner.deploy().is_some() {
                let min_deployment_gas_price = vm.min_deployment_gas_price();
                let gas_per_deploy_byte = vm.gas_per_deploy_byte();
                let min_deploy_points = vm.min_deploy_points();
                tx.inner.deploy_check(
                    gas_per_deploy_byte,
                    min_deployment_gas_price,
                    min_deploy_points,
                )?;
            }

            // Check blob tx
            if tx.inner.blob().is_some() {
                if !vm.blob_active(tip_height) {
                    return Err(TxAcceptanceError::Generic(anyhow::anyhow!(
                        "blobs are not enabled in the VM"
                    )));
                }

                let gas_per_blob = vm.gas_per_blob();
                tx.inner.blob_check(gas_per_blob)?;
                dusk_consensus::validate_blob_sidecars(tx)?;
            }

            // Check global minimum gas limit
            let min_gas_limit = vm.min_gas_limit();
            if tx.inner.gas_limit() < min_gas_limit {
                return Err(TxAcceptanceError::GasLimitTooLow(min_gas_limit));
            }
        }

        // Perform basic checks on the transaction
        let tx_to_delete = db.read().await.view(|view| {
            // ensure transaction does not exist in the mempool
            if view.mempool_tx_exists(tx_id)? {
                return Err(TxAcceptanceError::AlreadyExistsInMempool);
            }

            // ensure transaction does not exist in the blockchain
            if view.ledger_tx_exists(&tx_id)? {
                return Err(TxAcceptanceError::AlreadyExistsInLedger);
            }

            let txs_count = view.mempool_txs_count();
            if txs_count >= max_mempool_txn_count {
                // Get the lowest fee transaction to delete
                let (lowest_price, to_delete) = view
                    .mempool_txs_ids_sorted_by_low_fee()
                    .next()
                    .ok_or(anyhow::anyhow!("Cannot get lowest fee tx"))?;

                if tx.gas_price() < lowest_price {
                    // Or error if the gas price proposed is the lowest of all
                    // the transactions in the mempool
                    Err(TxAcceptanceError::MaxTxnCountExceeded(
                        max_mempool_txn_count,
                    ))
                } else {
                    Ok(Some(to_delete))
                }
            } else {
                Ok(None)
            }
        })?;

        // VM Preverify call
        let preverification_data =
            vm.read().await.preverify(tx).map_err(|e| {
                TxAcceptanceError::VerificationFailed(format!("{e}"))
            })?;

        if let PreverificationResult::FutureNonce {
            account,
            state,
            nonce_used,
        } = preverification_data
        {
            db.read().await.view(|db| {
                for nonce in state.nonce + 1..nonce_used {
                    let spending_id = SpendingId::AccountNonce(account, nonce);
                    if db
                        .mempool_txs_by_spendable_ids(&[spending_id])
                        .is_empty()
                    {
                        return Err(TxAcceptanceError::VerificationFailed(
                            format!("Missing intermediate nonce {nonce}"),
                        ));
                    }
                }
                Ok(())
            })?;
        }

        let mut events = vec![];

        // Try to add the transaction to the mempool
        db.read().await.update_dry_run(dry_run, |db| {
            let spend_ids = tx.to_spend_ids();

            let mut replaced = false;
            // ensure spend_ids do not exist in the mempool
            for m_tx_id in db.mempool_txs_by_spendable_ids(&spend_ids) {
                if let Some(m_tx) = db.mempool_tx(m_tx_id)? {
                    // If the transaction spendingId is already in the mempool
                    // (same nonce or same nullifier), we check if it can be
                    // replaced by the new transaction based on gas price and
                    // gas limit.
                    // If the new transaction has a higher gas price or the same
                    // gas price but a higher gas limit, we replace the old
                    // transaction with the new one.
                    if m_tx.inner.gas_price() < tx.inner.gas_price()
                        || (m_tx.inner.gas_price() == tx.inner.gas_price()
                            && m_tx.inner.gas_limit() < tx.inner.gas_limit())
                    {
                        for deleted in db.delete_mempool_tx(m_tx_id, false)? {
                            events.push(TransactionEvent::Removed(deleted));
                            replaced = true;
                        }
                    } else {
                        return Err(
                            TxAcceptanceError::SpendIdExistsInMempool.into()
                        );
                    }
                }
            }

            events.push(TransactionEvent::Included(tx));

            if !replaced {
                if let Some(to_delete) = tx_to_delete {
                    for deleted in db.delete_mempool_tx(to_delete, true)? {
                        events.push(TransactionEvent::Removed(deleted));
                    }
                }
            }
            // Persist transaction in mempool storage

            let now = get_current_timestamp();

            db.store_mempool_tx(tx, now)
        })?;
        Ok(events)
    }

    /// Requests full mempool data from N alive peers
    ///
    /// Message flow:
    /// GetMempool -> Inv -> GetResource -> Tx
    async fn request_mempool<N: Network>(&self, network: &Arc<RwLock<N>>) {
        const WAIT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
        let max_peers = self
            .conf
            .mempool_download_redundancy
            .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_REDUNDANCY);

        let net = network.read().await;
        net.wait_for_alive_nodes(max_peers, WAIT_TIMEOUT).await;

        let msg = payload::GetMempool::default().into();
        if let Err(err) = net.send_to_alive_peers(msg, max_peers).await {
            error!("could not request mempool from network: {err}");
        }
    }
}

fn check_tx_serialization(
    tx: &dusk_core::transfer::Transaction,
) -> Result<(), TxAcceptanceError> {
    // The transaction is an argument to the transfer contract, so
    // its serialized size has to be within the same 64Kib limit.
    const SCRATCH_BUF_BYTES: usize = 1024;
    const ARGBUF_LEN: usize = 64 * 1024;
    let stripped_tx = tx.strip_off_bytecode().or(tx.blob_to_memo());
    let mut sbuf = [0u8; SCRATCH_BUF_BYTES];
    let mut buffer = [0u8; ARGBUF_LEN];
    let scratch = BufferScratch::new(&mut sbuf);
    let ser = BufferSerializer::new(&mut buffer);
    let mut ser = CompositeSerializer::new(ser, scratch, Infallible);
    if let Err(err) = ser.serialize_value(stripped_tx.as_ref().unwrap_or(tx)) {
        match err {
            CompositeSerializerError::SerializerError(err) => match err {
                BufferSerializerError::Overflow { .. } => {
                    return Err(TxAcceptanceError::TooLarge);
                }
            },
            err => return Err(TxAcceptanceError::Generic(anyhow!("{err}"))),
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use dusk_core::signatures::bls::{PublicKey, SecretKey};
    use rand::rngs::StdRng;
    use rand::Rng;
    use rand::{CryptoRng, RngCore, SeedableRng};
    use wallet_core::transaction::moonlight_deployment;

    use super::*;

    fn new_moonlight_deploy_tx<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
        rng: &mut R,
        bytecode: Vec<u8>,
        init_args: Vec<u8>,
    ) -> dusk_core::transfer::Transaction {
        const CHAIN_ID: u8 = 0xfa;
        let sk = SecretKey::random(rng);
        let pk = PublicKey::from(&SecretKey::random(rng));

        let gas_limit: u64 = rng.gen();
        let gas_price: u64 = rng.gen();
        let nonce: u64 = rng.gen();
        let deploy_nonce: u64 = rng.gen();

        moonlight_deployment(
            &sk,
            bytecode,
            &pk,
            init_args,
            gas_limit,
            gas_price,
            nonce,
            deploy_nonce,
            CHAIN_ID,
        )
        .expect("should create a transaction")
    }

    const MAX_MOONLIGHT_ARG_SIZE: usize = 64 * 1024 - 2320;

    #[test]
    fn test_tx_serialization_check_normal() {
        let mut rng = StdRng::seed_from_u64(42);
        let tx = new_moonlight_deploy_tx(
            &mut rng,
            vec![0; 64 * 1024],
            vec![0; MAX_MOONLIGHT_ARG_SIZE],
        );
        let result = check_tx_serialization(&tx);
        assert!(matches!(result, Ok(())));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_tx_serialization_check_tx_too_large() {
        let mut rng = StdRng::seed_from_u64(42);
        let tx = new_moonlight_deploy_tx(
            &mut rng,
            vec![0; 64 * 1024],
            vec![0; MAX_MOONLIGHT_ARG_SIZE + 1],
        );
        let result = check_tx_serialization(&tx);
        assert!(matches!(result, Err(TxAcceptanceError::TooLarge)));
    }
}