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/* Copyright (C) 2020 Rafal Michalski This file is part of SPECTRUSTY, a Rust library for building emulators. For the full copyright notice, see the lib.rs file. */ //! T-state timestamp types and counters. use core::cmp::{Ordering, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd}; use core::convert::{TryInto, TryFrom}; use core::fmt::Debug; use core::hash::{Hash, Hasher}; use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::num::{NonZeroU8, NonZeroU16}; use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut}; use z80emu::{Clock, host::cycles::*}; #[cfg(feature = "snapshot")] use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize}; use crate::video::VideoFrame; mod packed; mod ops; pub use packed::*; pub use ops::*; /// A linear T-state timestamp type. pub type FTs = i32; /// A type used for a horizontal T-state timestamp or a video scanline index for [VideoTs]. pub type Ts = i16; /// A timestamp type that consists of two video counters: vertical and horizontal. /// /// `VideoTs { vc: 0, hc: 0 }` marks the start of the video frame. #[cfg_attr(feature = "snapshot", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))] #[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)] pub struct VideoTs { /// A vertical counter - a video scan-line index. pub vc: Ts, /// A horizontal counter - measured in T-states. pub hc: Ts, } /// A [VideoTs] timestamp wrapper with a constraint to the `V:` [VideoFrame], /// implementing methods and traits for timestamp calculations. #[cfg_attr(feature = "snapshot", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))] #[cfg_attr(feature = "snapshot", serde(try_from="FTs", into="FTs"))] #[cfg_attr(feature = "snapshot", serde(bound = "V: VideoFrame"))] #[derive(Copy, Debug)] pub struct VFrameTs<V> { /// The current value of the timestamp. pub ts: VideoTs, _vframe: PhantomData<V>, } /// A trait used by [VFrameTsCounter] for checking if an `address` is a contended one. pub trait MemoryContention: Copy + Debug { fn is_contended_address(self, address: u16) -> bool; } /// A generic [`VFrameTs<V>`][VFrameTs] based T-states counter. /// /// Implements [Clock] for counting cycles when code is being executed by [z80emu::Cpu]. /// /// Inserts additional T-states according to the contention model specified by generic /// parameters: `V:` [VideoFrame] and `C:` [MemoryContention]. /// /// [Clock]: /z80emu/%2A/z80emu/host/trait.Clock.html /// [z80emu::Cpu]: /z80emu/%2A/z80emu/trait.Cpu.html #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)] pub struct VFrameTsCounter<V, C> { /// The current value of the counter. pub vts: VFrameTs<V>, /// An instance implementing a [MemoryContention] trait. pub contention: C, } /// If a vertical counter of [VideoTs] exceeds this value, it signals the control unit /// to emulate hanging CPU indefinitely. pub const HALT_VC_THRESHOLD: i16 = i16::max_value() >> 1; const WAIT_STATES_THRESHOLD: u16 = i16::max_value() as u16 - 256; impl VideoTs { #[inline] pub const fn new(vc: Ts, hc: Ts) -> Self { VideoTs { vc, hc } } } impl <V: VideoFrame> VFrameTs<V> { /// The end-of-frame timestamp, equal to the total number of T-states per frame. pub const EOF: VFrameTs<V> = VFrameTs { ts: VideoTs { vc: V::VSL_COUNT, hc: 0 }, _vframe: PhantomData }; /// Constructs a new `VFrameTs` from the given vertical and horizontal counter values. /// /// __Note__: The returned `VFrameTs` is not normalized. #[inline] pub fn new(vc: Ts, hc: Ts) -> Self { VFrameTs { ts: VideoTs::new(vc, hc), _vframe: PhantomData } } /// Returns `true` if a video timestamp is normalized. Otherwise returns `false`. #[inline] pub fn is_normalized(self) -> bool { V::HTS_RANGE.contains(&self.ts.hc) } /// Normalizes self with a horizontal counter within the allowed range and a scan line /// counter adjusted accordingly. /// /// # Panics /// Panics when an attempt to normalize leads to an overflow of the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline] pub fn normalized(self) -> Self { let VideoTs { mut vc, mut hc } = self.ts; if hc < V::HTS_RANGE.start || hc >= V::HTS_RANGE.end { let fhc: FTs = hc as FTs - if hc < 0 { V::HTS_RANGE.end } else { V::HTS_RANGE.start } as FTs; vc = vc.checked_add((fhc / V::HTS_COUNT as FTs) as Ts) .expect("video timestamp overflow"); hc = fhc.rem_euclid(V::HTS_COUNT as FTs) as Ts + V::HTS_RANGE.start; } VFrameTs::new(vc, hc) } /// Returns a video timestamp with a horizontal counter within the allowed range and a scan line /// counter adjusted accordingly. Saturates at [VFrameTs::min_value] or [VFrameTs::max_value]. #[inline] pub fn saturating_normalized(self) -> Self { let VideoTs { mut vc, mut hc } = self.ts; if hc < V::HTS_RANGE.start || hc >= V::HTS_RANGE.end { let fhc: FTs = hc as FTs - if hc < 0 { V::HTS_RANGE.end } else { V::HTS_RANGE.start } as FTs; let dvc = (fhc / V::HTS_COUNT as FTs) as Ts; if let Some(vc1) = vc.checked_add(dvc) { vc = vc1; hc = fhc.rem_euclid(V::HTS_COUNT as FTs) as Ts + V::HTS_RANGE.start; } else { return if dvc < 0 { Self::min_value() } else { Self::max_value() }; } } VFrameTs::new(vc, hc) } /// Returns the largest value that can be represented by a normalized timestamp. #[inline(always)] pub fn max_value() -> Self { VFrameTs { ts: VideoTs { vc: Ts::max_value(), hc: V::HTS_RANGE.end - 1 }, _vframe: PhantomData } } /// Returns the smallest value that can be represented by a normalized timestamp. #[inline(always)] pub fn min_value() -> Self { VFrameTs { ts: VideoTs { vc: Ts::min_value(), hc: V::HTS_RANGE.start }, _vframe: PhantomData } } /// Returns `true` if the counter value is past or near the end of a frame. Otherwise returns `false`. /// /// Specifically, the condition is met if the vertical counter is equal to or greater than [VideoFrame::VSL_COUNT]. #[inline(always)] pub fn is_eof(self) -> bool { self.vc >= V::VSL_COUNT } /// Ensures the vertical counter is in the range: `(-VSL_COUNT, VSL_COUNT)` by calculating /// a remainder of the division of the vertical counter by [VideoFrame::VSL_COUNT]. #[inline(always)] pub fn wrap_frame(&mut self) { self.ts.vc %= V::VSL_COUNT } /// Returns a video timestamp after subtracting the total number of frame video scanlines /// from the scan line counter. #[inline] pub fn saturating_sub_frame(self) -> Self { let VideoTs { vc, hc } = self.ts; let vc = vc.saturating_sub(V::VSL_COUNT); VFrameTs::new(vc, hc) } /// Returns a normalized timestamp from the given number of T-states. /// /// # Panics /// Panics when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of the timestamp. #[inline] pub fn from_tstates(ts: FTs) -> Self { Self::try_from_tstates(ts).expect("video timestamp overflow") } /// On success returns a normalized timestamp from the given number of T-states. /// /// Returns `None` when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of the timestamp. #[inline] pub fn try_from_tstates(ts: FTs) -> Option<Self> { let mut vc = match (ts / V::HTS_COUNT as FTs).try_into() { Ok(vc) => vc, Err(..) => return None }; let mut hc: Ts = (ts % V::HTS_COUNT as FTs) as Ts; if hc >= V::HTS_RANGE.end { hc -= V::HTS_COUNT; vc += 1; } else if hc < V::HTS_RANGE.start { hc += V::HTS_COUNT; vc -= 1; } Some(VFrameTs::new(vc, hc)) } /// Converts the timestamp to FTs. #[inline] pub fn into_tstates(self) -> FTs { let VideoTs { vc, hc } = self.ts; V::vc_hc_to_tstates(vc, hc) } /// Returns a tuple with an adjusted frame counter and with the frame-normalized timestamp as /// the number of T-states measured from the start of the frame. /// /// The frame starts when the horizontal and vertical counter are both 0. /// /// The returned timestamp value is in the range [0, [VideoFrame::FRAME_TSTATES_COUNT]). #[inline] pub fn into_frame_tstates(self, frames: u64) -> (u64, FTs) { let ts = TimestampOps::into_tstates(self); let frmdlt = ts / V::FRAME_TSTATES_COUNT; let ufrmdlt = if ts < 0 { frmdlt - 1 } else { frmdlt } as u64; let frames = frames.wrapping_add(ufrmdlt); let ts = ts.rem_euclid(V::FRAME_TSTATES_COUNT); (frames, ts) } #[inline] fn set_hc_after_small_increment(&mut self, mut hc: Ts) { if hc >= V::HTS_RANGE.end { hc -= V::HTS_COUNT as Ts; self.ts.vc += 1; } self.ts.hc = hc; } } impl<V, C> VFrameTsCounter<V, C> where V: VideoFrame, C: MemoryContention { /// Constructs a new and normalized `VFrameTsCounter` from the given vertical and horizontal counter values. /// /// # Panics /// Panics when the given values lead to an overflow of the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline] pub fn new(vc: Ts, hc: Ts, contention: C) -> Self { let vts = VFrameTs::new(vc, hc).normalized(); VFrameTsCounter { vts, contention } } /// Builds a normalized [VFrameTsCounter] from the given count of T-states. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline] pub fn from_tstates(ts: FTs, contention: C) -> Self { let vts = TimestampOps::from_tstates(ts); VFrameTsCounter { vts, contention } } /// Builds a normalized [VFrameTsCounter] from the given count of T-states. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline] pub fn from_video_ts(vts: VideoTs, contention: C) -> Self { let vts = VFrameTs::from(vts).normalized(); VFrameTsCounter { vts, contention } } /// Builds a normalized [VFrameTsCounter] from the given count of T-states. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline] pub fn from_vframe_ts(vfts: VFrameTs<V>, contention: C) -> Self { let vts = vfts.normalized(); VFrameTsCounter { vts, contention } } #[inline] pub fn is_contended_address(self, address: u16) -> bool { self.contention.is_contended_address(address) } } /// This macro is used to implement the ULA I/O contention scheme, for [z80emu::Clock::add_io] method of /// [VFrameTsCounter]. /// It's being exported for the purpose of performing FUSE tests. /// /// * $mc should be a type implementing [MemoryContention] trait. /// * $port is a port address. /// * $hc is an identifier of a mutable variable containing the `hc` property of a `VideoTs` timestamp. /// * $contention should be a path to the [VideoFrame::contention] function. /// /// The macro returns a horizontal timestamp pointing after the whole I/O cycle is over. /// The `hc` variable is modified to contain a horizontal timestamp indicating when the data R/W operation /// takes place. #[macro_export] macro_rules! ula_io_contention { ($mc:expr, $port:expr, $hc:ident, $contention:path) => { { use $crate::z80emu::host::cycles::*; if $mc.is_contended_address($port) { $hc = $contention($hc) + IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; if $port & 1 == 0 { // C:1, C:3 $contention($hc) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts } else { // C:1, C:1, C:1, C:1 let mut hc1 = $hc; for _ in 0..(IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) { hc1 = $contention(hc1) + 1; } hc1 } } else { $hc += IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; if $port & 1 == 0 { // N:1 C:3 $contention($hc) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts } else { // N:4 $hc + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts } } } }; } /* impl<V: VideoFrame> Clock for VFrameTs<V> { type Limit = Ts; type Timestamp = VideoTs; #[inline(always)] fn is_past_limit(&self, limit: Self::Limit) -> bool { self.vc >= limit } fn add_irq(&mut self, _pc: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { self.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + IRQ_ACK_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } fn add_no_mreq(&mut self, _address: u16, add_ts: NonZeroU8) { let hc = self.hc + add_ts.get() as Ts; self.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc); } fn add_m1(&mut self, _address: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { self.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + M1_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } fn add_mreq(&mut self, _address: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { self.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + MEMRW_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } fn add_io(&mut self, _port: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { let hc = self.hc + IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; let hc1 = hc + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts; let mut tsc = *self; tsc.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc); self.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc1); tsc.as_timestamp() } fn add_wait_states(&mut self, _bus: u16, wait_states: NonZeroU16) { let ws = wait_states.get(); if ws > WAIT_STATES_THRESHOLD { // emulate hanging the Spectrum self.vc += HALT_VC_THRESHOLD; } else if ws < V::HTS_COUNT as u16 { self.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + ws as i16); } else { *self += ws as u32; } } #[inline(always)] fn as_timestamp(&self) -> Self::Timestamp { self.ts } } */ impl<V: VideoFrame, C: MemoryContention> Clock for VFrameTsCounter<V, C> { type Limit = Ts; type Timestamp = VideoTs; #[inline(always)] fn is_past_limit(&self, limit: Self::Limit) -> bool { self.vc >= limit } fn add_irq(&mut self, _pc: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + IRQ_ACK_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } fn add_no_mreq(&mut self, address: u16, add_ts: NonZeroU8) { let mut hc = self.hc; if V::is_contended_line_no_mreq(self.vc) && self.contention.is_contended_address(address) { for _ in 0..add_ts.get() { hc = V::contention(hc) + 1; } } else { hc += add_ts.get() as Ts; } self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc); } fn add_m1(&mut self, address: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { // match address { // // 0x8043 => println!("0x{:04x}: {} {:?}", address, self.as_tstates(), self.tsc), // 0x806F..=0x8078 => println!("0x{:04x}: {} {:?}", address, self.as_tstates(), self.tsc), // // 0xC008..=0xC011 => println!("0x{:04x}: {} {:?}", address, self.as_tstates(), self.tsc), // _ => {} // } let hc = if V::is_contended_line_mreq(self.vc) && self.contention.is_contended_address(address) { V::contention(self.hc) } else { self.hc }; self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc + M1_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } fn add_mreq(&mut self, address: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { let hc = if V::is_contended_line_mreq(self.vc) && self.contention.is_contended_address(address) { V::contention(self.hc) } else { self.hc }; self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc + MEMRW_CYCLE_TS as Ts); self.as_timestamp() } // fn add_io(&mut self, port: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { // let VideoTs{ vc, hc } = self.tsc; // let hc = if V::is_contended_line_no_mreq(vc) { // if self.contention.is_contended_address(port) { // let hc = V::contention(hc) + 1; // if port & 1 == 0 { // C:1, C:3 // V::contention(hc) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - 1) as Ts // } // else { // C:1, C:1, C:1, C:1 // let mut hc1 = hc; // for _ in 1..IO_CYCLE_TS { // hc1 = V::contention(hc1) + 1; // } // hc1 // } // } // else { // if port & 1 == 0 { // N:1 C:3 // V::contention(hc + 1) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - 1) as Ts // } // else { // N:4 // hc + IO_CYCLE_TS as Ts // } // } // } // else { // N:4 // hc + IO_CYCLE_TS as Ts // }; // self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc); // Self::new(vc, hc - 1).as_timestamp() // data read at last cycle // } fn add_io(&mut self, port: u16) -> Self::Timestamp { let VideoTs{ vc, mut hc } = self.as_timestamp(); // if port == 0x7ffd { // println!("0x{:04x}: {} {:?}", port, self.as_tstates(), self.tsc); // } let hc1 = if V::is_contended_line_no_mreq(vc) { ula_io_contention!(self.contention, port, hc, V::contention) // if is_contended_address(self.contention_mask, port) { // hc = V::contention(hc) + IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; // if port & 1 == 0 { // C:1, C:3 // V::contention(hc) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts // } // else { // C:1, C:1, C:1, C:1 // let mut hc1 = hc; // for _ in 0..(IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) { // hc1 = V::contention(hc1) + 1; // } // hc1 // } // } // else { // hc += IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; // if port & 1 == 0 { // N:1 C:3 // V::contention(hc) + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts // } // else { // N:4 // hc + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts // } // } } else { hc += IO_IORQ_LOW_TS as Ts; hc + (IO_CYCLE_TS - IO_IORQ_LOW_TS) as Ts }; let mut vtsc = *self; vtsc.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc); self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(hc1); vtsc.as_timestamp() } fn add_wait_states(&mut self, _bus: u16, wait_states: NonZeroU16) { let ws = wait_states.get(); if ws > WAIT_STATES_THRESHOLD { // emulate hanging the Spectrum self.vc += HALT_VC_THRESHOLD; } else if ws < V::HTS_COUNT as u16 { self.vts.set_hc_after_small_increment(self.hc + ws as i16); } else { *self += ws as u32; } } #[inline(always)] fn as_timestamp(&self) -> Self::Timestamp { ***self } } impl<V> Default for VFrameTs<V> { fn default() -> Self { VFrameTs::from(VideoTs::default()) } } impl<V> Clone for VFrameTs<V> { fn clone(&self) -> Self { VFrameTs::from(self.ts) } } impl<V> Hash for VFrameTs<V> { fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) { self.ts.hash(state); } } impl<V> Eq for VFrameTs<V> {} impl<V> PartialEq for VFrameTs<V> { #[inline(always)] fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool { self.ts == other.ts } } impl<V> Ord for VFrameTs<V> { #[inline(always)] fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering { self.ts.cmp(other) } } impl<V> PartialOrd for VFrameTs<V> { #[inline(always)] fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> { Some(self.cmp(other)) } } impl<V: VideoFrame> From<VFrameTs<V>> for FTs { #[inline(always)] fn from(vfts: VFrameTs<V>) -> FTs { VFrameTs::into_tstates(vfts) } } impl<V: VideoFrame> TryFrom<FTs> for VFrameTs<V> { type Error = &'static str; fn try_from(ts: FTs) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> { VFrameTs::try_from_tstates(ts).ok_or_else( || "out of range video timestamp conversion attempted") } } impl<V> From<VFrameTs<V>> for VideoTs { #[inline(always)] fn from(vfts: VFrameTs<V>) -> VideoTs { vfts.ts } } impl<V> From<VideoTs> for VFrameTs<V> { /// Returns a [VFrameTs] from the given [VideoTs]. /// A returned `VFrameTs` is not being normalized. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics when the given `ts` overflows the capacity of [VideoTs]. #[inline(always)] fn from(ts: VideoTs) -> Self { VFrameTs { ts, _vframe: PhantomData } } } impl<V, C> From<VFrameTsCounter<V, C>> for VideoTs { #[inline(always)] fn from(vftsc: VFrameTsCounter<V, C>) -> VideoTs { vftsc.vts.ts } } impl<V, C> From<VFrameTsCounter<V, C>> for VFrameTs<V> { #[inline(always)] fn from(vftsc: VFrameTsCounter<V, C>) -> VFrameTs<V> { vftsc.vts } } impl<V> Deref for VFrameTs<V> { type Target = VideoTs; #[inline(always)] fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target { &self.ts } } impl<V> DerefMut for VFrameTs<V> { #[inline(always)] fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target { &mut self.ts } } impl<V, C> Deref for VFrameTsCounter<V, C> { type Target = VFrameTs<V>; #[inline(always)] fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target { &self.vts } } impl<V, C> DerefMut for VFrameTsCounter<V, C> { #[inline(always)] fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target { &mut self.vts } }