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pub struct Expr { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

Helper to build a SimpleExpr.

Implementations

Express the asterisk without table prefix.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::asterisk())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM "character""#
);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col((Char::Table, Char::SizeW)).eq(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);

Express the target column without table prefix.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::SizeW).eq(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `size_w` = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" = 1"#
);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col((Char::Table, Char::SizeW)).eq(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);

Wraps tuple of SimpleExpr, can be used for tuple comparison

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tuple([Expr::col(Char::SizeW).into_simple_expr(), Expr::value(100)])
            .less_than(Expr::tuple([Expr::value(500), Expr::value(100)])))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE (`size_w`, 100) < (500, 100)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE ("size_w", 100) < (500, 100)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE ("size_w", 100) < (500, 100)"#
);

Express the asterisk with table prefix.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::asterisk())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT * FROM "character""#
);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::table_asterisk(Char::Table))
    .column((Font::Table, Font::Name))
    .from(Char::Table)
    .inner_join(Font::Table, Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::FontId).equals(Font::Table, Font::Id))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`.*, `font`.`name` FROM `character` INNER JOIN `font` ON `character`.`font_id` = `font`.`id`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character".*, "font"."name" FROM "character" INNER JOIN "font" ON "character"."font_id" = "font"."id""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character".*, "font"."name" FROM "character" INNER JOIN "font" ON "character"."font_id" = "font"."id""#
);

Express the target column with table prefix.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).eq(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" = 1"#
);

Express a Value, returning a Expr.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val(1).into())
    .and_where(Expr::val(2.5).into())
    .and_where(Expr::val("3").into())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);

Wrap a SimpleExpr and perform some operation on it.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::expr(Expr::col(Char::SizeW).if_null(0)).gt(2))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE IFNULL(`size_w`, 0) > 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE COALESCE("size_w", 0) > 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE IFNULL("size_w", 0) > 2"#
);

Express a Value, returning a SimpleExpr.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::value(1).into())
    .and_where(Expr::value(2.5).into())
    .and_where(Expr::value("3").into())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 AND 2.5 AND '3'"#
);

Express any custom expression in &str.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::cust("1 = 1").into())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 1"#
);

Express any custom expression with Value. Use this if your expression needs variables.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::Id).eq(1))
    .and_where(Expr::cust_with_values("6 = ? * ?", vec![2, 3]).into())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `id` = 1 AND 6 = 2 * 3"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "id" = 1 AND 6 = 2 * 3"#
);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::Id).eq(1))
    .and_where(Expr::cust_with_values("6 = $2 * $1", vec![3, 2]).into())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "id" = 1 AND 6 = 2 * 3"#
);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::cust_with_values("6 = ? * ?", vec![2, 3]))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder), r#"SELECT 6 = 2 * 3"#);
assert_eq!(query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder), r#"SELECT 6 = 2 * 3"#);

Postgres only: use $$ to escape $

use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::cust_with_values("$1 $$ $2", vec!["a", "b"]))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder), r#"SELECT 'a' $ 'b'"#);
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::cust_with_values(
        "data @? ($1::JSONPATH)",
        vec!["hello"],
    ))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT data @? ('hello'::JSONPATH)"#
);

Express an equal (=) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("What!").eq("Nothing"))
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::Id).eq(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 'What!' = 'Nothing' AND `id` = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 'What!' = 'Nothing' AND "id" = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 'What!' = 'Nothing' AND "id" = 1"#
);

Express a not equal (<>) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("Morning").ne("Good"))
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::Id).ne(1))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 'Morning' <> 'Good' AND `id` <> 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 'Morning' <> 'Good' AND "id" <> 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 'Morning' <> 'Good' AND "id" <> 1"#
);

Express a equal expression between two table columns, you will mainly use this to relate identical value between two table columns.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::FontId).equals(Font::Table, Font::Id))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`font_id` = `font`.`id`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."font_id" = "font"."id""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."font_id" = "font"."id""#
);

Express a greater than (>) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).gt(2))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` > 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" > 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" > 2"#
);

Express a greater than (>) expression to another expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW)
        .greater_than(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeH))
    )
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` > `character`.`size_h`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" > "character"."size_h""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" > "character"."size_h""#
);

Express a greater than or equal (>=) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).gte(2))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` >= 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" >= 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" >= 2"#
);

Express a greater than or equal (>=) expression to another expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW)
        .greater_or_equal(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeH))
    )
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` >= `character`.`size_h`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" >= "character"."size_h""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" >= "character"."size_h""#
);

Express a less than (<) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).lt(2))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` < 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" < 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" < 2"#
);

Express a less than (<) expression to another expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW)
        .less_than(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeH))
    )
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` < `character`.`size_h`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" < "character"."size_h""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" < "character"."size_h""#
);

Express a less than or equal (<=) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).lte(2))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` <= 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" <= 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" <= 2"#
);

Express a less than or equal (<=) expression to another expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW)
        .less_or_equal(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeH))
    )
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` <= `character`.`size_h`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" <= "character"."size_h""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" <= "character"."size_h""#
);

Express an arithmetic addition operation.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val(1).add(1).equals(Expr::value(2)))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 + 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 + 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 + 1 = 2"#
);

Express an arithmetic subtraction operation.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val(1).sub(1).equals(Expr::value(2)))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 - 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 - 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 - 1 = 2"#
);

Express an arithmetic multiplication operation.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val(1).mul(1).equals(Expr::value(2)))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 * 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 * 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 * 1 = 2"#
);

Express an arithmetic division operation.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val(1).div(1).equals(Expr::value(2)))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE 1 / 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 / 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE 1 / 1 = 2"#
);

Express a BETWEEN expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).between(1, 10))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);

Express a NOT BETWEEN expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).not_between(1, 10))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 10"#
);

Express a LIKE expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::Character).like("Ours'%"))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`character` LIKE 'Ours\'%'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."character" LIKE E'Ours\'%'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."character" LIKE 'Ours''%'"#
);

Like with ESCAPE

use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns(vec![Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::Character).like(LikeExpr::str(r"|_Our|_").escape('|')))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`character` LIKE '|_Our|_' ESCAPE '|'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."character" LIKE '|_Our|_' ESCAPE '|'"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."character" LIKE '|_Our|_' ESCAPE '|'"#
);

Express a IS NULL expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_null())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` IS NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IS NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IS NULL"#
);

Express a IS expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::Ascii).is(true))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`ascii` IS TRUE"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."ascii" IS TRUE"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."ascii" IS TRUE"#
);

Express a IS NOT NULL expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_not_null())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` IS NOT NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IS NOT NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IS NOT NULL"#
);

Express a IS NOT expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::Ascii).is_not(true))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`ascii` IS NOT TRUE"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."ascii" IS NOT TRUE"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."ascii" IS NOT TRUE"#
);

Create any binary operation

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .cond_where(all![
        Expr::col(Char::SizeW).binary(BinOper::SmallerThan, Expr::value(10)),
        Expr::col(Char::SizeW).binary(BinOper::GreaterThan, Expr::col(Char::SizeH))
    ])
    .to_owned();
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `size_w` < 10 AND `size_w` > `size_h`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" < 10 AND "size_w" > "size_h""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" < 10 AND "size_w" > "size_h""#
);

Negates an expression with NOT.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_null()).not())
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE NOT `character`.`size_w` IS NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE NOT "character"."size_w" IS NULL"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE NOT "character"."size_w" IS NULL"#
);

Express a MAX function.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).max())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MAX(`character`.`size_w`) FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MAX("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MAX("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);

Express a MIN function.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).min())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MIN(`character`.`size_w`) FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MIN("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT MIN("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);

Express a SUM function.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).sum())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT SUM(`character`.`size_w`) FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT SUM("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT SUM("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);

Express a COUNT function.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).count())
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT COUNT(`character`.`size_w`) FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT COUNT("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT COUNT("character"."size_w") FROM "character""#
);

Express a IF NULL function.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).if_null(0))
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT IFNULL(`character`.`size_w`, 0) FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT COALESCE("character"."size_w", 0) FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT IFNULL("character"."size_w", 0) FROM "character""#
);

Express a IN expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Id])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_in(vec![1, 2, 3]))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `id` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);

Empty value list

use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Id])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_in(Vec::<u8>::new()))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `id` FROM `character` WHERE 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 2"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 2"#
);

Express a IN sub expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::FontId])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(
        Expr::tuple([
            Expr::col(Char::Character).into_simple_expr(),
            Expr::col(Char::FontId).into_simple_expr(),
        ])
        .in_tuples(vec![[1,1], [2,2]])
    )
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `font_id` FROM `character` WHERE (`character`, `font_id`) IN ((1, 1), (2, 2))"#
);

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "font_id" FROM "character" WHERE ("character", "font_id") IN ((1, 1), (2, 2))"#
);

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "font_id" FROM "character" WHERE ("character", "font_id") IN ((1, 1), (2, 2))"#
);

Express a NOT IN expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Id])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_not_in(vec![1, 2, 3]))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `id` FROM `character` WHERE `character`.`size_w` NOT IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" NOT IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE "character"."size_w" NOT IN (1, 2, 3)"#
);

Empty value list

use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Id])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::tbl(Char::Table, Char::SizeW).is_not_in(Vec::<u8>::new()))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `id` FROM `character` WHERE 1 = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 1"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "id" FROM "character" WHERE 1 = 1"#
);

Express a IN sub-query expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::SizeW).in_subquery(
        Query::select()
            .expr(Expr::cust("3 + 2 * 2"))
            .take()
    ))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `size_w` IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);

Express a NOT IN sub-query expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Char::Character, Char::SizeW, Char::SizeH])
    .from(Char::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::col(Char::SizeW).not_in_subquery(
        Query::select()
            .expr(Expr::cust("3 + 2 * 2"))
            .take()
    ))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `character`, `size_w`, `size_h` FROM `character` WHERE `size_w` NOT IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" NOT IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "character", "size_w", "size_h" FROM "character" WHERE "size_w" NOT IN (SELECT 3 + 2 * 2)"#
);

Express an postgres fulltext search matches (@@) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Font::Name, Font::Variant, Font::Language])
    .from(Font::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("a & b").matches(Expr::val("a b")))
    .and_where(Expr::col(Font::Name).matches(Expr::val("a b")))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "name", "variant", "language" FROM "font" WHERE 'a & b' @@ 'a b' AND "name" @@ 'a b'"#
);

Express an postgres fulltext search contains (@>) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Font::Name, Font::Variant, Font::Language])
    .from(Font::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("a & b").contains(Expr::val("a b")))
    .and_where(Expr::col(Font::Name).contains(Expr::val("a b")))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "name", "variant", "language" FROM "font" WHERE 'a & b' @> 'a b' AND "name" @> 'a b'"#
);

Express an postgres fulltext search contained (<@) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Font::Name, Font::Variant, Font::Language])
    .from(Font::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("a & b").contained(Expr::val("a b")))
    .and_where(Expr::col(Font::Name).contained(Expr::val("a b")))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "name", "variant", "language" FROM "font" WHERE 'a & b' <@ 'a b' AND "name" <@ 'a b'"#
);

Express an postgres concatenate (||) expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .columns([Font::Name, Font::Variant, Font::Language])
    .from(Font::Table)
    .and_where(Expr::val("a").concatenate(Expr::val("b")))
    .and_where(Expr::val("c").concat(Expr::val("d")))
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "name", "variant", "language" FROM "font" WHERE 'a' || 'b' AND 'c' || 'd'"#
);

Express a AS enum expression.

Examples
use sea_query::{tests_cfg::*, *};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr(Expr::col(Char::FontSize).as_enum(Alias::new("text")))
    .from(Char::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT `font_size` FROM `character`"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT CAST("font_size" AS text) FROM "character""#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT "font_size" FROM "character""#
);

let query = Query::insert()
    .into_table(Char::Table)
    .columns([Char::FontSize])
    .exprs_panic(vec![Expr::val("large").as_enum(Alias::new("FontSizeEnum"))])
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(MysqlQueryBuilder),
    r#"INSERT INTO `character` (`font_size`) VALUES ('large')"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"INSERT INTO "character" ("font_size") VALUES (CAST('large' AS FontSizeEnum))"#
);
assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(SqliteQueryBuilder),
    r#"INSERT INTO "character" ("font_size") VALUES ('large')"#
);

Into::<SimpleExpr>::into() when type inference is impossible

Adds new CASE WHEN to existing case statement.

Examples
use sea_query::{*, tests_cfg::*};

let query = Query::select()
    .expr_as(
        Expr::case(
                Expr::tbl(Glyph::Table, Glyph::Aspect).is_in(vec![2, 4]),
                Expr::val(true)
             )
            .finally(Expr::val(false)),
         Alias::new("is_even")
    )
    .from(Glyph::Table)
    .to_owned();

assert_eq!(
    query.to_string(PostgresQueryBuilder),
    r#"SELECT (CASE WHEN ("glyph"."aspect" IN (2, 4)) THEN TRUE ELSE FALSE END) AS "is_even" FROM "glyph""#
);

Trait Implementations

Returns a copy of the value. Read more

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

Returns the “default value” for a type. Read more

Converts to this type from the input type.

Convert into SimpleExpr. Will panic if this Expr is missing an operand

Auto Trait Implementations

Blanket Implementations

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Returns the argument unchanged.

Instruments this type with the provided Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

Should always be Self

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.

Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more

Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.

Attaches the provided Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more

Attaches the current default Subscriber to this type, returning a WithDispatch wrapper. Read more