//! Utilities for validating string and char literals and turning them into
//! values they represent.

use std::str::Chars;
use std::ops::Range;

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum EscapeError {
    ZeroChars,
    MoreThanOneChar,

    LoneSlash,
    InvalidEscape,
    BareCarriageReturn,
    BareCarriageReturnInRawString,
    EscapeOnlyChar,

    TooShortHexEscape,
    InvalidCharInHexEscape,
    OutOfRangeHexEscape,

    NoBraceInUnicodeEscape,
    InvalidCharInUnicodeEscape,
    EmptyUnicodeEscape,
    UnclosedUnicodeEscape,
    LeadingUnderscoreUnicodeEscape,
    OverlongUnicodeEscape,
    LoneSurrogateUnicodeEscape,
    OutOfRangeUnicodeEscape,

    UnicodeEscapeInByte,
    NonAsciiCharInByte,
    NonAsciiCharInByteString,
}

/// Takes a contents of a char literal (without quotes), and returns an
/// unescaped char or an error
pub fn unescape_char(literal_text: &str) -> Result<char, (usize, EscapeError)> {
    let mut chars = literal_text.chars();
    unescape_char_or_byte(&mut chars, Mode::Char)
        .map_err(|err| (literal_text.len() - chars.as_str().len(), err))
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of escaped characters or errors.
pub fn unescape_str<F>(literal_text: &str, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<char, EscapeError>),
{
    unescape_str_or_byte_str(literal_text, Mode::Str, callback)
}

pub fn unescape_byte(literal_text: &str) -> Result<u8, (usize, EscapeError)> {
    let mut chars = literal_text.chars();
    unescape_char_or_byte(&mut chars, Mode::Byte)
        .map(byte_from_char)
        .map_err(|err| (literal_text.len() - chars.as_str().len(), err))
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of escaped characters or errors.
pub fn unescape_byte_str<F>(literal_text: &str, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<u8, EscapeError>),
{
    unescape_str_or_byte_str(literal_text, Mode::ByteStr, &mut |range, char| {
        callback(range, char.map(byte_from_char))
    })
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of characters or errors.
/// NOTE: Raw strings do not perform any explicit character escaping, here we
/// only translate CRLF to LF and produce errors on bare CR.
pub fn unescape_raw_str<F>(literal_text: &str, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<char, EscapeError>),
{
    unescape_raw_str_or_byte_str(literal_text, Mode::Str, callback)
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of characters or errors.
/// NOTE: Raw strings do not perform any explicit character escaping, here we
/// only translate CRLF to LF and produce errors on bare CR.
pub fn unescape_raw_byte_str<F>(literal_text: &str, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<u8, EscapeError>),
{
    unescape_raw_str_or_byte_str(literal_text, Mode::ByteStr, &mut |range, char| {
        callback(range, char.map(byte_from_char))
    })
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum Mode {
    Char,
    Str,
    Byte,
    ByteStr,
}

impl Mode {
    pub fn in_single_quotes(self) -> bool {
        match self {
            Mode::Char | Mode::Byte => true,
            Mode::Str | Mode::ByteStr => false,
        }
    }

    pub fn in_double_quotes(self) -> bool {
        !self.in_single_quotes()
    }

    pub fn is_bytes(self) -> bool {
        match self {
            Mode::Byte | Mode::ByteStr => true,
            Mode::Char | Mode::Str => false,
        }
    }
}


fn scan_escape(first_char: char, chars: &mut Chars<'_>, mode: Mode) -> Result<char, EscapeError> {
    if first_char != '\\' {
        return match first_char {
            '\t' | '\n' => Err(EscapeError::EscapeOnlyChar),
            '\r' => Err(EscapeError::BareCarriageReturn),
            '\'' if mode.in_single_quotes() => Err(EscapeError::EscapeOnlyChar),
            '"' if mode.in_double_quotes() => Err(EscapeError::EscapeOnlyChar),
            _ => {
                if mode.is_bytes() && !first_char.is_ascii() {
                    return Err(EscapeError::NonAsciiCharInByte);
                }
                Ok(first_char)
            }
        };
    }

    let second_char = chars.next().ok_or(EscapeError::LoneSlash)?;

    let res = match second_char {
        '"' => '"',
        'n' => '\n',
        'r' => '\r',
        't' => '\t',
        '\\' => '\\',
        '\'' => '\'',
        '0' => '\0',

        'x' => {
            let hi = chars.next().ok_or(EscapeError::TooShortHexEscape)?;
            let hi = hi.to_digit(16).ok_or(EscapeError::InvalidCharInHexEscape)?;

            let lo = chars.next().ok_or(EscapeError::TooShortHexEscape)?;
            let lo = lo.to_digit(16).ok_or(EscapeError::InvalidCharInHexEscape)?;

            let value = hi * 16 + lo;

            if !mode.is_bytes() && !is_ascii(value) {
                return Err(EscapeError::OutOfRangeHexEscape);
            }
            let value = value as u8;

            value as char
        }

        'u' => {
            if chars.next() != Some('{') {
                return Err(EscapeError::NoBraceInUnicodeEscape);
            }

            let mut n_digits = 1;
            let mut value: u32 = match chars.next().ok_or(EscapeError::UnclosedUnicodeEscape)? {
                '_' => return Err(EscapeError::LeadingUnderscoreUnicodeEscape),
                '}' => return Err(EscapeError::EmptyUnicodeEscape),
                c => c.to_digit(16).ok_or(EscapeError::InvalidCharInUnicodeEscape)?,
            };

            loop {
                match chars.next() {
                    None => return Err(EscapeError::UnclosedUnicodeEscape),
                    Some('_') => continue,
                    Some('}') => {
                        if n_digits > 6 {
                            return Err(EscapeError::OverlongUnicodeEscape);
                        }
                        if mode.is_bytes() {
                            return Err(EscapeError::UnicodeEscapeInByte);
                        }

                        break std::char::from_u32(value).ok_or_else(|| {
                            if value > 0x10FFFF {
                                EscapeError::OutOfRangeUnicodeEscape
                            } else {
                                EscapeError::LoneSurrogateUnicodeEscape
                            }
                        })?;
                    }
                    Some(c) => {
                        let digit = c.to_digit(16).ok_or(EscapeError::InvalidCharInUnicodeEscape)?;
                        n_digits += 1;
                        if n_digits > 6 {
                            continue;
                        }
                        let digit = digit as u32;
                        value = value * 16 + digit;
                    }
                };
            }
        }
        _ => return Err(EscapeError::InvalidEscape),
    };
    Ok(res)
}

fn unescape_char_or_byte(chars: &mut Chars<'_>, mode: Mode) -> Result<char, EscapeError> {
    let first_char = chars.next().ok_or(EscapeError::ZeroChars)?;
    let res = scan_escape(first_char, chars, mode)?;
    if chars.next().is_some() {
        return Err(EscapeError::MoreThanOneChar);
    }
    Ok(res)
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of escaped characters or errors.
fn unescape_str_or_byte_str<F>(src: &str, mode: Mode, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<char, EscapeError>),
{
    assert!(mode.in_double_quotes());
    let initial_len = src.len();
    let mut chars = src.chars();
    while let Some(first_char) = chars.next() {
        let start = initial_len - chars.as_str().len() - first_char.len_utf8();

        let unescaped_char = match first_char {
            '\\' => {
                let second_char = chars.clone().next();
                match second_char {
                    Some('\n') => {
                        skip_ascii_whitespace(&mut chars);
                        continue;
                    }
                    _ => scan_escape(first_char, &mut chars, mode),
                }
            }
            '\n' => Ok('\n'),
            '\t' => Ok('\t'),
            _ => scan_escape(first_char, &mut chars, mode),
        };
        let end = initial_len - chars.as_str().len();
        callback(start..end, unescaped_char);
    }

    fn skip_ascii_whitespace(chars: &mut Chars<'_>) {
        let str = chars.as_str();
        let first_non_space = str
            .bytes()
            .position(|b| b != b' ' && b != b'\t' && b != b'\n' && b != b'\r')
            .unwrap_or(str.len());
        *chars = str[first_non_space..].chars()
    }
}

/// Takes a contents of a string literal (without quotes) and produces a
/// sequence of characters or errors.
/// NOTE: Raw strings do not perform any explicit character escaping, here we
/// only translate CRLF to LF and produce errors on bare CR.
fn unescape_raw_str_or_byte_str<F>(literal_text: &str, mode: Mode, callback: &mut F)
where
    F: FnMut(Range<usize>, Result<char, EscapeError>),
{
    assert!(mode.in_double_quotes());
    let initial_len = literal_text.len();

    let mut chars = literal_text.chars();
    while let Some(curr) = chars.next() {
        let start = initial_len - chars.as_str().len() - curr.len_utf8();

        let result = match curr {
            '\r' => Err(EscapeError::BareCarriageReturnInRawString),
            c if mode.is_bytes() && !c.is_ascii() =>
                Err(EscapeError::NonAsciiCharInByteString),
            c => Ok(c),
        };
        let end = initial_len - chars.as_str().len();

        callback(start..end, result);
    }
}

fn byte_from_char(c: char) -> u8 {
    let res = c as u32;
    assert!(res <= u8::max_value() as u32, "guaranteed because of Mode::Byte(Str)");
    res as u8
}

fn is_ascii(x: u32) -> bool {
    x <= 0x7F
}