Rust Persistent Data Structures

Rust Persistent Data Structures provides fully persistent data structures with structural sharing.

Setup

To use rpds add the following to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
rpds = "<version>"

Additionally, add this to your crate root:

#[macro_use]
extern crate rpds;

Data Structures

This crate offers the following data structures:

1. List
2. Vector
3. Stack
4. Queue
5. HashTrieMap
6. HashTrieSet
7. RedBlackTreeMap
8. RedBlackTreeSet

List

Your classic functional list.

Example

use rpds::List;

let list = List::new().push_front("list");

assert_eq!(list.first(), Some(&"list"));

let a_list = list.push_front("a");

assert_eq!(a_list.first(), Some(&"a"));

let list_dropped = a_list.drop_first().unwrap();

assert_eq!(list_dropped, list);

Vector

A sequence that can be indexed. The implementation is described in Understanding Persistent Vector Part 1 and Understanding Persistent Vector Part 2.

Example

use rpds::Vector;

let vector = Vector::new()
    .push_back("I’m")
    .push_back("a")
    .push_back("vector");

assert_eq!(vector[1], "a");

let screaming_vector = vector
    .drop_last().unwrap()
    .push_back("VECTOR!!!");

assert_eq!(screaming_vector[2], "VECTOR!!!");

Stack

A LIFO (last in, first out) data structure. This is just a List in disguise.

Example

use rpds::Stack;

let stack = Stack::new().push("stack");

assert_eq!(stack.peek(), Some(&"stack"));

let a_stack = stack.push("a");

assert_eq!(a_stack.peek(), Some(&"a"));

let stack_popped = a_stack.pop().unwrap();

assert_eq!(stack_popped, stack);

Queue

A FIFO (first in, first out) data structure.

Example

use rpds::Queue;

let queue = Queue::new()
    .enqueue("um")
    .enqueue("dois")
    .enqueue("tres");

assert_eq!(queue.peek(), Some(&"um"));

let queue_dequeued = queue.dequeue().unwrap();

assert_eq!(queue_dequeued.peek(), Some(&"dois"));

HashTrieMap

A map implemented with a hash array mapped trie. See Ideal Hash Trees for details.

Example

use rpds::HashTrieMap;

let map_en = HashTrieMap::new()
    .insert(0, "zero")
    .insert(1, "one");

assert_eq!(map_en.get(&1), Some(&"one"));

let map_pt = map_en
    .insert(1, "um")
    .insert(2, "dois");

assert_eq!(map_pt.get(&2), Some(&"dois"));

let map_pt_binary = map_pt.remove(&2);

assert_eq!(map_pt_binary.get(&2), None);

HashTrieSet

A set implemented with a HashTrieMap.

Example

use rpds::HashTrieSet;

let set = HashTrieSet::new()
    .insert("zero")
    .insert("one");

assert!(set.contains(&"one"));

let set_extended = set.insert("two");

assert!(set_extended.contains(&"two"));

let set_positive = set_extended.remove(&"zero");

assert!(!set_positive.contains(&"zero"));

RedBlackTreeMap

A map implemented with a red-black tree.

Example

use rpds::RedBlackTreeMap;

let map_en = RedBlackTreeMap::new()
    .insert(0, "zero")
    .insert(1, "one");

assert_eq!(map_en.get(&1), Some(&"one"));

let map_pt = map_en
    .insert(1, "um")
    .insert(2, "dois");

assert_eq!(map_pt.get(&2), Some(&"dois"));

let map_pt_binary = map_pt.remove(&2);

assert_eq!(map_pt_binary.get(&2), None);

assert_eq!(map_pt_binary.first(), Some((&0, &"zero")));

RedBlackTreeSet

A set implemented with a RedBlackTreeMap.

Example

use rpds::RedBlackTreeSet;

let set = RedBlackTreeSet::new()
    .insert("zero")
    .insert("one");

assert!(set.contains(&"one"));

let set_extended = set.insert("two");

assert!(set_extended.contains(&"two"));

let set_positive = set_extended.remove(&"zero");

assert!(!set_positive.contains(&"zero"));

assert_eq!(set_positive.first(), Some(&"one"));

Other Features

Mutable Methods

When you change a data structure you often do not need its previous versions. For those cases rpds offers you mutable methods which are generally faster:

use rpds::HashTrieSet;

let mut set = HashTrieSet::new();

set.insert_mut("zero");
set.insert_mut("one");

let set_0_1 = set.clone();
let set_0_1_2 = set.insert("two");

Initialization Macros

There are convenient initialization macros for all data structures:

use rpds::*;

let vector = vector![3, 1, 4, 1, 5];
let map = ht_map!["orange" => "orange", "banana" => "yellow"];

Check the documentation for initialization macros of other data structures.

Serialization

We support serialization through serde. To use it enable the serde feature. To do so change the rpds dependency in your Cargo.toml to

[dependencies]
rpds = { version = "<version>", features = ["serde"] }