Module ratatui::text

Primitives for styled text.

A terminal UI is at its root a lot of strings. In order to make it accessible and stylish, those strings may be associated to a set of styles. ratatui has three ways to represent them:

• A single line string where all graphemes have the same style is represented by a Span.
• A single line string where each grapheme may have its own style is represented by Line.
• A multiple line string where each grapheme may have its own style is represented by a Text.

These types form a hierarchy: Line is a collection of Span and each line of Text is a Line.

Keep it mind that a lot of widgets will use those types to advertise what kind of string is supported for their properties. Moreover, ratatui provides convenient From implementations so that you can start by using simple String or &str and then promote them to the previous primitives when you need additional styling capabilities.

For example, for the crate::widgets::Block widget, all the following calls are valid to set its title property (which is a Line under the hood):

use ratatui::{prelude::*, widgets::*};

// A simple string with no styling.
// Converted to Line(vec![
//   Span { content: Cow::Borrowed("My title"), style: Style { .. } }
// ])
let block = Block::default().title("My title");

// A simple string with a unique style.
// Converted to Line(vec![
//   Span { content: Cow::Borrowed("My title"), style: Style { fg: Some(Color::Yellow), .. }
// ])
let block =
    Block::default().title(Span::styled("My title", Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow)));

// A string with multiple styles.
// Converted to Line(vec![
//   Span { content: Cow::Borrowed("My"), style: Style { fg: Some(Color::Yellow), .. } },
//   Span { content: Cow::Borrowed(" title"), .. }
// ])
let block = Block::default().title(vec![
    Span::styled("My", Style::default().fg(Color::Yellow)),
    Span::raw(" title"),
]);

Structs

• Line
  A line of text, consisting of one or more Spans.
• Masked
  A wrapper around a string that is masked when displayed.
• Span
  Represents a part of a line that is contiguous and where all characters share the same style.
• StyledGrapheme
  A grapheme associated to a style. Note that, although StyledGrapheme is the smallest divisible unit of text, it actually is not a member of the text type hierarchy (Text -> Line -> Span). It is a separate type used mostly for rendering purposes. A Span consists of components that can be split into StyledGraphemes, but it does not contain a collection of StyledGraphemes.
• Text
  A string split over one or more lines.