//! A shape type representing circles and ellipses used for drawing.
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! You can create an [Ellipse] or circle using [`Ellipse::new`] or [`Ellipse::circle`]:
//!
//! ```
//! use pix_engine::prelude::*;
//!
//! let e = Ellipse::new(10, 20, 100, 200);
//! let c = Ellipse::circle(10, 20, 100);
//! ```
//!
//! ...or by using the [ellipse!] [circle!] macros:
//!
//! ```
//! use pix_engine::prelude::*;
//!
//! let e = ellipse!(10, 20, 100, 200);
//! let c = circle!(10, 20, 100);
//!
//! // using a point
//! let e = ellipse!([10, 20], 100, 200);
//! let e = ellipse!(point![10, 20], 100, 200);
//! let c = circle!([10, 20], 100);
//! let c = circle!(point![10, 20], 100);
//! ```

use crate::{error::Result, prelude::*};
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

/// An `Ellipse` positioned at `(x, y)`, with `width` and `height`. A circle is an `Ellipse` where
/// `width` and `height` are equal.
///
/// Please see the [module-level documentation] for examples.
///
/// [module-level documentation]: crate::shape::ellipse
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[must_use]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
pub struct Ellipse<T = i32>(pub(crate) [T; 4]);

/// Constructs an [Ellipse] at position `(x, y)` with `width` and `height`.
///
/// ```
/// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
/// let p = point!(10, 20);
/// let e = ellipse!(p, 100, 200);
/// assert_eq!(e.x(), 10);
/// assert_eq!(e.y(), 20);
/// assert_eq!(e.width(), 100);
/// assert_eq!(e.height(), 200);
///
/// let e = ellipse!(10, 20, 100, 200);
/// assert_eq!(e.x(), 10);
/// assert_eq!(e.y(), 20);
/// assert_eq!(e.width(), 100);
/// assert_eq!(e.height(), 200);
/// ```
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! ellipse {
    ($p:expr, $r:expr$(,)?) => {
        ellipse!($p, $r, $r)
    };
    ($p:expr, $width:expr, $height:expr$(,)?) => {
        $crate::prelude::Ellipse::with_position($p, $width, $height)
    };
    ($x:expr, $y:expr, $width:expr, $height:expr$(,)?) => {
        $crate::prelude::Ellipse::new($x, $y, $width, $height)
    };
}

/// Constructs a circle [Ellipse] at position `(x, y`) with `radius`.
///
/// ```
/// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
/// let p = point!(10, 20);
/// let c = circle!(p, 100);
/// assert_eq!(c.x(), 10);
/// assert_eq!(c.y(), 20);
/// assert_eq!(c.radius(), 100);
///
/// let c = circle!(10, 20, 100);
/// assert_eq!(c.x(), 10);
/// assert_eq!(c.y(), 20);
/// assert_eq!(c.radius(), 100);
/// ```
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! circle {
    ($p:expr, $r:expr$(,)?) => {
        $crate::prelude::Ellipse::circle_with_position($p, $r)
    };
    ($x:expr, $y:expr, $r:expr$(,)?) => {
        $crate::prelude::Ellipse::circle($x, $y, $r)
    };
}

impl<T> Ellipse<T> {
    /// Constructs an `Ellipse` at position `(x, y)` with `width` and `height`.
    pub const fn new(x: T, y: T, width: T, height: T) -> Self {
        Self([x, y, width, height])
    }
}

impl<T: Copy> Ellipse<T> {
    /// Returns `Ellipse` values as `[x, y, width, height]`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
    /// let e = ellipse!(5, 10, 100, 100);
    /// assert_eq!(e.coords(), [5, 10, 100, 100]);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    pub fn coords(&self) -> [T; 4] {
        self.0
    }

    /// Returns `Ellipse` values as a mutable slice `&[x, y, width, height]`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
    /// let mut e = ellipse!(5, 10, 100, 100);
    /// for v in e.coords_mut() {
    ///     *v += 5;
    /// }
    /// assert_eq!(e.coords(), [10, 15, 105, 105]);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    pub fn coords_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [T; 4] {
        &mut self.0
    }

    /// Returns the `x-coordinate` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn x(&self) -> T {
        self.0[0]
    }

    /// Sets the `x-coordinate` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn set_x(&mut self, x: T) {
        self.0[0] = x;
    }

    /// Returns the `y-coordinate` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn y(&self) -> T {
        self.0[1]
    }

    /// Sets the `y-coordinate` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn set_y(&mut self, y: T) {
        self.0[1] = y;
    }

    /// Returns the `width` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn width(&self) -> T {
        self.0[2]
    }

    /// Sets the `width` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn set_width(&mut self, width: T) {
        self.0[2] = width;
    }

    /// Returns the `height` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn height(&self) -> T {
        self.0[3]
    }

    /// Sets the `height` of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn set_height(&mut self, height: T) {
        self.0[3] = height;
    }
}

impl<T: Num> Ellipse<T> {
    /// Constructs a circle `Ellipse` at position `(x, y)` with `radius`.
    pub fn circle(x: T, y: T, radius: T) -> Self {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        let diameter = radius * two;
        Self::new(x, y, diameter, diameter)
    }

    /// Constructs an `Ellipse` at position [Point] with `width` and `height`.
    pub fn with_position<P: Into<Point<T>>>(p: P, width: T, height: T) -> Self {
        let p = p.into();
        Self::new(p.x(), p.y(), width, height)
    }

    /// Constructs a circle `Ellipse` at position [Point] with `radius`.
    pub fn circle_with_position<P: Into<Point<T>>>(p: P, radius: T) -> Self {
        let p = p.into();
        Self::circle(p.x(), p.y(), radius)
    }

    /// Constructs an `Ellipse` centered at position `(x, y)` with `width` and `height`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
    /// let e = Ellipse::from_center([50, 50], 100, 100);
    /// assert_eq!(e.coords(), [0, 0, 100, 100]);
    /// ```
    pub fn from_center<P: Into<Point<T>>>(p: P, width: T, height: T) -> Self {
        let p = p.into();
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        Self::new(p.x() - width / two, p.y() - height / two, width, height)
    }

    /// Constructs a circle `Ellipse` centered at position `(x, y)` with `radius`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
    /// let c = Ellipse::circle_from_center([50, 50], 100);
    /// assert_eq!(c.coords(), [0, 0, 200, 200]);
    /// ```
    pub fn circle_from_center<P: Into<Point<T>>>(p: P, radius: T) -> Self {
        let p = p.into();
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        Self::circle_with_position(p - radius / two, radius)
    }

    /// Returns the `radius` of the circle.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if not a circle.
    #[inline]
    pub fn radius(&self) -> T {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.diameter() / two
    }

    /// Sets the `radius` of the circle.
    #[inline]
    pub fn set_radius(&mut self, radius: T) {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        let diameter = radius * two;
        self.0[2] = diameter;
        self.0[3] = diameter;
    }

    /// Returns the `diameter` of the circle.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if not a circle.
    #[inline]
    pub fn diameter(&self) -> T {
        assert!(self.0[2] == self.0[3], "shape is not a circle");
        self.0[2]
    }

    /// Offsets an ellipse by shifting coordinates by given amount.
    ///
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset<P>(&mut self, offsets: P)
    where
        P: Into<Point<T>>,
    {
        let offsets = offsets.into();
        for (v, o) in self.iter_mut().take(2).zip(offsets) {
            *v += o;
        }
    }

    /// Offsets the `x-coordinate` of the ellipse by a given amount.
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset_x(&mut self, offset: T) {
        self.0[0] += offset;
    }

    /// Offsets the `y-coordinate` of the ellipse by a given amount.
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset_y(&mut self, offset: T) {
        self.0[1] += offset;
    }

    /// Offsets the `width` of the ellipse by a given amount.
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset_width(&mut self, offset: T) {
        self.0[2] += offset;
    }

    /// Offsets the `height` of the ellipse by a given amount.
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset_height(&mut self, offset: T) {
        self.0[3] += offset;
    }

    /// Offsets the `radius` of the circle by a given amount.
    #[inline]
    pub fn offset_radius(&mut self, offset: T) {
        self.0[2] += offset;
        self.0[3] += offset;
    }

    /// Returns the `size` of the ellipse as a `Point`.
    #[inline]
    pub fn size(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.width(), self.height())
    }

    /// Returns the bounding [Rect] of the ellipse.
    #[inline]
    pub fn bounding_rect(&self) -> Rect<T> {
        rect![self.left(), self.top(), self.width(), self.height()]
    }

    /// Returns `Ellipse` as a [Vec].
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use pix_engine::prelude::*;
    /// let e = ellipse!(5, 10, 100, 100);
    /// assert_eq!(e.to_vec(), vec![5, 10, 100, 100]);
    /// ```
    pub fn to_vec(self) -> Vec<T> {
        self.0.to_vec()
    }

    /// Returns the horizontal position of the left edge.
    pub fn left(&self) -> T {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.x() - self.width() / two
    }

    /// Returns the horizontal position of the right edge.
    pub fn right(&self) -> T {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.x() + self.width() / two
    }

    /// Returns the horizontal position of the top edge.
    pub fn top(&self) -> T {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.y() - self.height() / two
    }

    /// Returns the vertical position of the bottom edge.
    pub fn bottom(&self) -> T {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.y() + self.height() / two
    }

    /// Set the horizontal position of the left edge.
    pub fn set_left(&mut self, left: T) {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.set_x(left + self.width() / two);
    }

    /// Set the horizontal position of the right edge.
    pub fn set_right(&mut self, right: T) {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.set_x(right - self.width() / two);
    }

    /// Set the vertical position of the top edge.
    pub fn set_top(&mut self, top: T) {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.set_y(top + self.height() / two);
    }

    /// Set the vertical position of the bottom edge.
    pub fn set_bottom(&mut self, bottom: T) {
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        self.set_y(bottom - self.height() / two);
    }

    /// Returns the center position as [Point].
    pub fn center(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.x(), self.y())
    }

    /// Returns the top-left position as [Point].
    pub fn top_left(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.left(), self.top())
    }

    /// Returns the top-right position as [Point].
    pub fn top_right(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.right(), self.top())
    }

    /// Returns the bottom-left position as [Point].
    pub fn bottom_left(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.left(), self.bottom())
    }

    /// Returns the bottom-right position as [Point].
    pub fn bottom_right(&self) -> Point<T> {
        point!(self.right(), self.bottom())
    }

    /// Set position centered on a [Point].
    pub fn center_on<P: Into<Point<T>>>(&mut self, p: P) {
        let p = p.into();
        self.set_x(p.x());
        self.set_y(p.y());
    }
}

impl<T: Num> Contains<Point<T>> for Ellipse<T> {
    /// Returns whether this ellipse contains a given [Point].
    fn contains(&self, p: Point<T>) -> bool {
        let px = p.x() - self.x();
        let py = p.y() - self.y();
        let two = T::one() + T::one();
        let rx = self.width() / two;
        let ry = self.height() / two;
        (px * px) / (rx * rx) + (py * py) / (ry * ry) <= T::one()
    }
}

impl<T: Num> Contains<Ellipse<T>> for Ellipse<T> {
    /// Returns whether this ellipse completely contains another ellipse.
    fn contains(&self, ellipse: Ellipse<T>) -> bool {
        let px = self.x() - ellipse.x();
        let py = self.y() - ellipse.y();
        let rx = self.width() + ellipse.width();
        let ry = self.height() + ellipse.height();
        (px * px) / (rx * rx) + (py * py) / (ry * ry) <= T::one()
    }
}

impl Draw for Ellipse<i32> {
    /// Draw `Ellipse` to the current [`PixState`] canvas.
    fn draw(&self, s: &mut PixState) -> Result<()> {
        s.ellipse(*self)
    }
}

impl<T: Num> From<[T; 3]> for Ellipse<T> {
    /// Converts `[T; 3]` into `Ellipse<T>`.
    #[inline]
    fn from([x, y, r]: [T; 3]) -> Self {
        Self::circle(x, y, r)
    }
}

impl<T: Num> From<&[T; 3]> for Ellipse<T> {
    /// Converts `&[T; 3]` into `Ellipse<T>`.
    #[inline]
    fn from(&[x, y, r]: &[T; 3]) -> Self {
        Self::circle(x, y, r)
    }
}