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//! The nannou Window API. //! //! Create a new window via `app.new_window()`. This produces a [**Builder**](./struct.Builder.html) //! which can be used to build a [**Window**](./struct.Window.html). use crate::event::{ Key, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, TouchEvent, TouchPhase, TouchpadPressure, WindowEvent, }; use crate::frame::{self, Frame, RawFrame}; use crate::geom; use crate::geom::{Point2, Vector2}; use crate::wgpu; use crate::App; use std::any::Any; use std::path::{Path, PathBuf}; use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex}; use std::{env, fmt}; use winit::dpi::LogicalSize; pub use winit::window::Fullscreen; pub use winit::window::WindowId as Id; /// The default dimensions used for a window in the case that none are specified. pub const DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS: LogicalSize<geom::scalar::Default> = LogicalSize { width: 1024.0, height: 768.0, }; /// A context for building a window. pub struct Builder<'app> { app: &'app App, window: winit::window::WindowBuilder, title_was_set: bool, swap_chain_builder: SwapChainBuilder, request_adapter_opts: Option<wgpu::RequestAdapterOptions>, device_desc: Option<wgpu::DeviceDescriptor>, user_functions: UserFunctions, msaa_samples: Option<u32>, } /// For storing all user functions within the window. #[derive(Debug, Default)] pub(crate) struct UserFunctions { pub(crate) view: Option<View>, pub(crate) event: Option<EventFnAny>, pub(crate) raw_event: Option<RawEventFnAny>, pub(crate) key_pressed: Option<KeyPressedFnAny>, pub(crate) key_released: Option<KeyReleasedFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_moved: Option<MouseMovedFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_pressed: Option<MousePressedFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_released: Option<MouseReleasedFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_entered: Option<MouseEnteredFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_exited: Option<MouseExitedFnAny>, pub(crate) mouse_wheel: Option<MouseWheelFnAny>, pub(crate) moved: Option<MovedFnAny>, pub(crate) resized: Option<ResizedFnAny>, pub(crate) touch: Option<TouchFnAny>, pub(crate) touchpad_pressure: Option<TouchpadPressureFnAny>, pub(crate) hovered_file: Option<HoveredFileFnAny>, pub(crate) hovered_file_cancelled: Option<HoveredFileCancelledFnAny>, pub(crate) dropped_file: Option<DroppedFileFnAny>, pub(crate) focused: Option<FocusedFnAny>, pub(crate) unfocused: Option<UnfocusedFnAny>, pub(crate) closed: Option<ClosedFnAny>, } /// The user function type for drawing their model to the surface of a single window. pub type ViewFn<Model> = fn(&App, &Model, Frame); /// The user function type for drawing their model to the surface of a single window. /// /// Unlike the `ViewFn`, the `RawViewFn` is designed for drawing directly to a window's swap chain /// images rather than to a convenient intermediary image. pub type RawViewFn<Model> = fn(&App, &Model, RawFrame); /// The same as `ViewFn`, but provides no user model to draw from. /// /// Useful for simple, stateless sketching. pub type SketchFn = fn(&App, Frame); /// The user's view function, whether with a model or without one. #[derive(Clone)] pub(crate) enum View { WithModel(ViewFnAny), WithModelRaw(RawViewFnAny), Sketch(SketchFn), } /// A function for processing raw winit window events. pub type RawEventFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, &winit::event::WindowEvent); /// A function for processing window events. pub type EventFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, WindowEvent); /// A function for processing key press events. pub type KeyPressedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, Key); /// A function for processing key release events. pub type KeyReleasedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, Key); /// A function for processing mouse moved events. pub type MouseMovedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, Point2); /// A function for processing mouse pressed events. pub type MousePressedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, MouseButton); /// A function for processing mouse released events. pub type MouseReleasedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, MouseButton); /// A function for processing mouse entered events. pub type MouseEnteredFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// A function for processing mouse exited events. pub type MouseExitedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// A function for processing mouse wheel events. pub type MouseWheelFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase); /// A function for processing window moved events. pub type MovedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, Vector2); /// A function for processing window resized events. pub type ResizedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, Vector2); /// A function for processing touch events. pub type TouchFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, TouchEvent); /// A function for processing touchpad pressure events. pub type TouchpadPressureFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, TouchpadPressure); /// A function for processing hovered file events. pub type HoveredFileFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, PathBuf); /// A function for processing hovered file cancelled events. pub type HoveredFileCancelledFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// A function for processing dropped file events. pub type DroppedFileFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model, PathBuf); /// A function for processing window focused events. pub type FocusedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// A function for processing window unfocused events. pub type UnfocusedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// A function for processing window closed events. pub type ClosedFn<Model> = fn(&App, &mut Model); /// Errors that might occur while building the window. #[derive(Debug)] pub enum BuildError { NoAvailableAdapter, WinitOsError(winit::error::OsError), } // A macro for generating a handle to a function that can be stored within the Window without // requiring a type param. $TFn is the function pointer type that will be wrapped by $TFnAny. macro_rules! fn_any { ($TFn:ident<M>, $TFnAny:ident) => { // A handle to a function that can be stored without requiring a type param. #[derive(Clone)] pub(crate) struct $TFnAny { fn_ptr: Arc<dyn Any>, } impl $TFnAny { // Create the `$TFnAny` from a view function pointer. pub fn from_fn_ptr<M>(fn_ptr: $TFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { let fn_ptr = Arc::new(fn_ptr) as Arc<dyn Any>; $TFnAny { fn_ptr } } // Retrieve the view function pointer from the `$TFnAny`. pub fn to_fn_ptr<M>(&self) -> Option<&$TFn<M>> where M: 'static, { self.fn_ptr.downcast_ref::<$TFn<M>>() } } impl fmt::Debug for $TFnAny { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "{}", stringify!($TFnAny)) } } }; } fn_any!(ViewFn<M>, ViewFnAny); fn_any!(RawViewFn<M>, RawViewFnAny); fn_any!(EventFn<M>, EventFnAny); fn_any!(RawEventFn<M>, RawEventFnAny); fn_any!(KeyPressedFn<M>, KeyPressedFnAny); fn_any!(KeyReleasedFn<M>, KeyReleasedFnAny); fn_any!(MouseMovedFn<M>, MouseMovedFnAny); fn_any!(MousePressedFn<M>, MousePressedFnAny); fn_any!(MouseReleasedFn<M>, MouseReleasedFnAny); fn_any!(MouseEnteredFn<M>, MouseEnteredFnAny); fn_any!(MouseExitedFn<M>, MouseExitedFnAny); fn_any!(MouseWheelFn<M>, MouseWheelFnAny); fn_any!(MovedFn<M>, MovedFnAny); fn_any!(ResizedFn<M>, ResizedFnAny); fn_any!(TouchFn<M>, TouchFnAny); fn_any!(TouchpadPressureFn<M>, TouchpadPressureFnAny); fn_any!(HoveredFileFn<M>, HoveredFileFnAny); fn_any!(HoveredFileCancelledFn<M>, HoveredFileCancelledFnAny); fn_any!(DroppedFileFn<M>, DroppedFileFnAny); fn_any!(FocusedFn<M>, FocusedFnAny); fn_any!(UnfocusedFn<M>, UnfocusedFnAny); fn_any!(ClosedFn<M>, ClosedFnAny); /// A nannou window. /// /// The **Window** acts as a wrapper around the `winit::window::Window` and the `wgpu::Surface` /// types. It also manages the associated swap chain, providing a more nannou-friendly API. #[derive(Debug)] pub struct Window { pub(crate) window: winit::window::Window, pub(crate) surface: wgpu::Surface, pub(crate) device_queue_pair: Arc<wgpu::DeviceQueuePair>, msaa_samples: u32, pub(crate) swap_chain: WindowSwapChain, pub(crate) frame_data: Option<FrameData>, pub(crate) frame_count: u64, pub(crate) user_functions: UserFunctions, pub(crate) tracked_state: TrackedState, } // Data related to `Frame`s produced for this window's swapchain textures. #[derive(Debug)] pub(crate) struct FrameData { // Data for rendering a `Frame`'s intermediary image to a swap chain image. pub(crate) render: frame::RenderData, // Data for capturing a `Frame`'s intermediary image before submission. pub(crate) capture: frame::CaptureData, } // Track and store some information about the window in order to avoid making repeated internal // queries to the platform-specific API. This is beneficial in some cases where queries to the // platform-specific API can be very slow (e.g. macOS cocoa). #[derive(Debug)] pub(crate) struct TrackedState { // Updated on `ScaleFactorChanged`. pub(crate) scale_factor: f64, // Updated on `Resized`. pub(crate) physical_size: winit::dpi::PhysicalSize<u32>, } /// A swap_chain and its images associated with a single window. pub(crate) struct WindowSwapChain { // The descriptor used to create the original swap chain. Useful for recreation. pub(crate) descriptor: wgpu::SwapChainDescriptor, // This is an `Option` in order to allow for separating ownership of the swapchain from the // window during a `RedrawRequest`. Other than during `RedrawRequest`, this should always be // `Some`. pub(crate) swap_chain: Option<wgpu::SwapChain>, } /// SwapChain building parameters for which Nannou will provide a default if unspecified. /// /// See the builder methods for more details on each parameter. #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)] pub struct SwapChainBuilder { pub usage: Option<wgpu::TextureUsage>, pub format: Option<wgpu::TextureFormat>, pub present_mode: Option<wgpu::PresentMode>, } impl SwapChainBuilder { pub const DEFAULT_USAGE: wgpu::TextureUsage = wgpu::TextureUsage::OUTPUT_ATTACHMENT; pub const DEFAULT_FORMAT: wgpu::TextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb; pub const DEFAULT_PRESENT_MODE: wgpu::PresentMode = wgpu::PresentMode::Vsync; /// A new empty **SwapChainBuilder** with all parameters set to `None`. pub fn new() -> Self { Default::default() } /// Create a **SwapChainBuilder** from an existing descriptor. /// /// The resulting swap chain parameters will match that of the given `SwapChainDescriptor`. pub fn from_descriptor(desc: &wgpu::SwapChainDescriptor) -> Self { SwapChainBuilder::new() .usage(desc.usage) .format(desc.format) .present_mode(desc.present_mode) } /// Specify the texture usage for the swap chain. pub fn usage(mut self, usage: wgpu::TextureUsage) -> Self { self.usage = Some(usage); self } /// Specify the texture format for the swap chain. pub fn format(mut self, format: wgpu::TextureFormat) -> Self { self.format = Some(format); self } /// The way in which swap chain images are presented to the display. /// /// By default, nannou will attempt to select the ideal present mode depending on the current /// app `LoopMode`. pub fn present_mode(mut self, present_mode: wgpu::PresentMode) -> Self { self.present_mode = Some(present_mode); self } /// Build the swap chain. pub(crate) fn build( self, device: &wgpu::Device, surface: &wgpu::Surface, [width_px, height_px]: [u32; 2], ) -> (wgpu::SwapChain, wgpu::SwapChainDescriptor) { let usage = self.usage.unwrap_or(Self::DEFAULT_USAGE); let format = self.format.unwrap_or(Self::DEFAULT_FORMAT); let present_mode = self.present_mode.unwrap_or(Self::DEFAULT_PRESENT_MODE); let desc = wgpu::SwapChainDescriptor { usage, format, width: width_px, height: height_px, present_mode, }; let swap_chain = device.create_swap_chain(surface, &desc); (swap_chain, desc) } } impl<'app> Builder<'app> { /// Begin building a new window. pub fn new(app: &'app App) -> Self { Builder { app, window: winit::window::WindowBuilder::new(), title_was_set: false, swap_chain_builder: Default::default(), request_adapter_opts: None, device_desc: None, user_functions: Default::default(), msaa_samples: None, } } /// Build the window with some custom window parameters. pub fn window(mut self, window: winit::window::WindowBuilder) -> Self { self.window = window; self } /// Specify a set of parameters for building the window surface swap chain. pub fn swap_chain_builder(mut self, swap_chain_builder: SwapChainBuilder) -> Self { self.swap_chain_builder = swap_chain_builder; self } /// Specify a custom set of options to request an adapter with. This is useful for describing a /// set of desired properties for the requested physical device. pub fn request_adapter_options(mut self, opts: wgpu::RequestAdapterOptions) -> Self { self.request_adapter_opts = Some(opts); self } /// Specify a device descriptor to use when requesting the logical device from the adapter. /// This allows for specifying custom wgpu device extensions. pub fn device_descriptor(mut self, device_desc: wgpu::DeviceDescriptor) -> Self { self.device_desc = Some(device_desc); self } /// Specify the number of samples per pixel for the multisample anti-aliasing render pass. /// /// If `msaa_samples` is unspecified, the first default value that nannou will attempt to use /// can be found via the `Frame::DEFAULT_MSAA_SAMPLES` constant. /// /// **Note:** This parameter has no meaning if the window uses a **raw_view** function for /// rendering graphics to the window rather than a **view** function. This is because the /// **raw_view** function provides a **RawFrame** with direct access to the swap chain image /// itself and thus must manage their own MSAA pass. /// /// On the other hand, the `view` function provides the `Frame` type which allows the user to /// render to a multisampled intermediary image allowing Nannou to take care of resolving the /// multisampled image to the swap chain image. In order to avoid confusion, The `Window::build` /// method will `panic!` if the user tries to specify `msaa_samples` as well as a `raw_view` /// method. /// /// *TODO: Perhaps it would be worth adding two separate methods for specifying msaa samples. /// One for forcing a certain number of samples and returning an error otherwise, and another /// for attempting to use the given number of samples but falling back to a supported value in /// the case that the specified number is not supported.* pub fn msaa_samples(mut self, msaa_samples: u32) -> Self { self.msaa_samples = Some(msaa_samples); self } /// Provide a simple function for drawing to the window. /// /// This is similar to `view` but does not provide access to user data via a Model type. This /// is useful for sketches where you don't require tracking any state. pub fn sketch(mut self, sketch_fn: SketchFn) -> Self { self.user_functions.view = Some(View::Sketch(sketch_fn)); self } /// The **view** function that the app will call to allow you to present your Model to the /// surface of the window on your display. pub fn view<M>(mut self, view_fn: ViewFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.view = Some(View::WithModel(ViewFnAny::from_fn_ptr(view_fn))); self } /// The **view** function that the app will call to allow you to present your Model to the /// surface of the window on your display. /// /// Unlike the **ViewFn**, the **RawViewFn** provides a **RawFrame** that is designed for /// drawing directly to a window's swap chain images, rather than to a convenient intermediary /// image. pub fn raw_view<M>(mut self, raw_view_fn: RawViewFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.view = Some(View::WithModelRaw(RawViewFnAny::from_fn_ptr(raw_view_fn))); self } /// A function for updating your model on `WindowEvent`s associated with this window. /// /// These include events such as key presses, mouse movement, clicks, resizing, etc. /// /// ## Event Function Call Order /// /// In nannou, if multiple functions require being called for a single kind of event, the more /// general event function will always be called before the more specific event function. /// /// If an `event` function was also submitted to the `App`, that function will always be called /// immediately before window-specific event functions. Similarly, if a function associated /// with a more specific event type (e.g. `key_pressed`) was given, that function will be /// called *after* this function will be called. /// /// ## Specific Events Variants /// /// Note that if you only care about a certain kind of event, you can submit a function that /// only gets called for that specific event instead. For example, if you only care about key /// presses, you may wish to use the `key_pressed` method instead. pub fn event<M>(mut self, event_fn: EventFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.event = Some(EventFnAny::from_fn_ptr(event_fn)); self } /// The same as the `event` method, but allows for processing raw `winit::event::WindowEvent`s rather /// than Nannou's simplified `event::WindowEvent`s. /// /// ## Event Function Call Order /// /// If both `raw_event` and `event` functions have been provided, the given `raw_event` /// function will always be called immediately before the given `event` function. pub fn raw_event<M>(mut self, raw_event_fn: RawEventFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.raw_event = Some(RawEventFnAny::from_fn_ptr(raw_event_fn)); self } /// A function for processing key press events associated with this window. pub fn key_pressed<M>(mut self, f: KeyPressedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.key_pressed = Some(KeyPressedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing key release events associated with this window. pub fn key_released<M>(mut self, f: KeyReleasedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.key_released = Some(KeyReleasedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse moved events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_moved<M>(mut self, f: MouseMovedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_moved = Some(MouseMovedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse pressed events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_pressed<M>(mut self, f: MousePressedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_pressed = Some(MousePressedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse released events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_released<M>(mut self, f: MouseReleasedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_released = Some(MouseReleasedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse wheel events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_wheel<M>(mut self, f: MouseWheelFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_wheel = Some(MouseWheelFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse entered events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_entered<M>(mut self, f: MouseEnteredFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_entered = Some(MouseEnteredFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing mouse exited events associated with this window. pub fn mouse_exited<M>(mut self, f: MouseExitedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.mouse_exited = Some(MouseExitedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing touch events associated with this window. pub fn touch<M>(mut self, f: TouchFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.touch = Some(TouchFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing touchpad pressure events associated with this window. pub fn touchpad_pressure<M>(mut self, f: TouchpadPressureFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.touchpad_pressure = Some(TouchpadPressureFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing window moved events associated with this window. pub fn moved<M>(mut self, f: MovedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.moved = Some(MovedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing window resized events associated with this window. pub fn resized<M>(mut self, f: ResizedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.resized = Some(ResizedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing hovered file events associated with this window. pub fn hovered_file<M>(mut self, f: HoveredFileFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.hovered_file = Some(HoveredFileFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing hovered file cancelled events associated with this window. pub fn hovered_file_cancelled<M>(mut self, f: HoveredFileCancelledFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.hovered_file_cancelled = Some(HoveredFileCancelledFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing dropped file events associated with this window. pub fn dropped_file<M>(mut self, f: DroppedFileFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.dropped_file = Some(DroppedFileFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing the focused event associated with this window. pub fn focused<M>(mut self, f: FocusedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.focused = Some(FocusedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing the unfocused event associated with this window. pub fn unfocused<M>(mut self, f: UnfocusedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.unfocused = Some(UnfocusedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// A function for processing the window closed event associated with this window. pub fn closed<M>(mut self, f: ClosedFn<M>) -> Self where M: 'static, { self.user_functions.closed = Some(ClosedFnAny::from_fn_ptr(f)); self } /// Builds the window, inserts it into the `App`'s display map and returns the unique ID. pub fn build(self) -> Result<Id, BuildError> { let Builder { app, mut window, title_was_set, swap_chain_builder, request_adapter_opts, device_desc, user_functions, msaa_samples, } = self; // If the title was not set, default to the "nannou - <exe_name>". if !title_was_set { if let Ok(exe_path) = env::current_exe() { if let Some(os_str) = exe_path.file_stem() { if let Some(exe_name) = os_str.to_str() { let title = format!("nannou - {}", exe_name); window = window.with_title(title); } } } } // Set default dimensions in the case that none were given. let initial_window_size = window .window .inner_size .or_else(|| { window .window .fullscreen .as_ref() .map(|fullscreen| match fullscreen { Fullscreen::Exclusive(video_mode) => { let monitor = video_mode.monitor(); video_mode .size() .to_logical::<f32>(monitor.scale_factor()) .into() } Fullscreen::Borderless(monitor) => monitor .size() .to_logical::<f32>(monitor.scale_factor()) .into(), }) }) .unwrap_or_else(|| { let mut dim = DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS; if let Some(min) = window.window.min_inner_size { match min { winit::dpi::Size::Logical(min) => { dim.width = dim.width.max(min.width as _); dim.height = dim.height.max(min.height as _); } winit::dpi::Size::Physical(min) => { dim.width = dim.width.max(min.width as _); dim.height = dim.height.max(min.height as _); unimplemented!("consider scale factor"); } } } if let Some(max) = window.window.max_inner_size { match max { winit::dpi::Size::Logical(max) => { dim.width = dim.width.min(max.width as _); dim.height = dim.height.min(max.height as _); } winit::dpi::Size::Physical(max) => { dim.width = dim.width.min(max.width as _); dim.height = dim.height.min(max.height as _); unimplemented!("consider scale factor"); } } } dim.into() }); // Use the `initial_swapchain_dimensions` as the default dimensions for the window if none // were specified. if window.window.inner_size.is_none() && window.window.fullscreen.is_none() { window.window.inner_size = Some(initial_window_size); } // Build the window. let window = { let window_target = app .event_loop_window_target .as_ref() .expect("unexpected invalid App.event_loop_window_target state - please report") .as_ref(); window.build(window_target)? }; // Build the wgpu surface. let surface = wgpu::Surface::create(&window); // Request the adapter. let request_adapter_opts = request_adapter_opts.unwrap_or(wgpu::DEFAULT_ADAPTER_REQUEST_OPTIONS); let adapter = app .wgpu_adapters() .get_or_request(request_adapter_opts) .ok_or(BuildError::NoAvailableAdapter)?; // Instantiate the logical device. let device_desc = device_desc.unwrap_or_else(wgpu::default_device_descriptor); let device_queue_pair = adapter.get_or_request_device(device_desc); // Build the swapchain. let win_physical_size = window.inner_size(); let win_dims_px: [u32; 2] = win_physical_size.into(); let device = device_queue_pair.device(); let (swap_chain, swap_chain_desc) = swap_chain_builder.build(&device, &surface, win_dims_px); // If we're using an intermediary image for rendering frames to swap_chain images, create // the necessary render data. let (frame_data, msaa_samples) = match user_functions.view { Some(View::WithModel(_)) | Some(View::Sketch(_)) | None => { let msaa_samples = msaa_samples.unwrap_or(Frame::DEFAULT_MSAA_SAMPLES); // TODO: Verity that requested sample count is valid for surface? let swap_chain_dims = [swap_chain_desc.width, swap_chain_desc.height]; let render = frame::RenderData::new( &device, swap_chain_dims, swap_chain_desc.format, msaa_samples, ); let capture = frame::CaptureData::default(); let frame_data = FrameData { render, capture }; (Some(frame_data), msaa_samples) } Some(View::WithModelRaw(_)) => (None, 1), }; let window_id = window.id(); let frame_count = 0; let swap_chain = WindowSwapChain { descriptor: swap_chain_desc, swap_chain: Some(swap_chain), }; let tracked_state = TrackedState { scale_factor: window.scale_factor(), physical_size: win_physical_size, }; let window = Window { window, surface, device_queue_pair, msaa_samples, swap_chain, frame_data, frame_count, user_functions, tracked_state, }; app.windows.borrow_mut().insert(window_id, window); // If this is the first window, set it as the app's "focused" window. if app.windows.borrow().len() == 1 { *app.focused_window.borrow_mut() = Some(window_id); } Ok(window_id) } fn map_window<F>(self, map: F) -> Self where F: FnOnce(winit::window::WindowBuilder) -> winit::window::WindowBuilder, { let Builder { app, window, title_was_set, device_desc, request_adapter_opts, swap_chain_builder, user_functions, msaa_samples, } = self; let window = map(window); Builder { app, window, title_was_set, device_desc, request_adapter_opts, swap_chain_builder, user_functions, msaa_samples, } } // Window builder methods. // // NOTE: On new versions of winit, we should check whether or not new `WindowBuilder` methods // have been added that we should expose. /// Requests the window to be a specific size in points. /// /// This describes to the "inner" part of the window, not including desktop decorations like the /// title bar. pub fn size(self, width: u32, height: u32) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_inner_size(winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height })) } /// Set the minimum size in points for the window. pub fn min_size(self, width: u32, height: u32) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_min_inner_size(winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height })) } /// Set the maximum size in points for the window. pub fn max_size(self, width: u32, height: u32) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_max_inner_size(winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height })) } /// Requests the window to be a specific size in points. /// /// This describes to the "inner" part of the window, not including desktop decorations like the /// title bar. pub fn size_pixels(self, width: u32, height: u32) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_inner_size(winit::dpi::PhysicalSize { width, height })) } /// Whether or not the window should be resizable after creation. pub fn resizable(self, resizable: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_resizable(resizable)) } /// Requests a specific title for the window. pub fn title<T>(mut self, title: T) -> Self where T: Into<String>, { self.title_was_set = true; self.map_window(|w| w.with_title(title)) } /// Create the window fullscreened on the current monitor. pub fn fullscreen(self) -> Self { let fullscreen = Fullscreen::Borderless(self.app.primary_monitor()); self.fullscreen_with(Some(fullscreen)) } /// Set the window fullscreen state with the given settings. /// /// - `None` indicates a normal window. This is the default case. /// - `Some(Fullscreen)` means fullscreen with the desired settings. pub fn fullscreen_with(self, fullscreen: Option<Fullscreen>) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_fullscreen(fullscreen)) } /// Requests maximized mode. pub fn maximized(self, maximized: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_maximized(maximized)) } /// Sets whether the window will be initially hidden or visible. pub fn visible(self, visible: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_visible(visible)) } /// Sets whether the background of the window should be transparent. pub fn transparent(self, transparent: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_transparent(transparent)) } /// Sets whether the window should have a border, a title bar, etc. pub fn decorations(self, decorations: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_decorations(decorations)) } /// Sets whether or not the window will always be on top of other windows. pub fn always_on_top(self, always_on_top: bool) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_always_on_top(always_on_top)) } /// Sets the window icon. pub fn window_icon(self, window_icon: Option<winit::window::Icon>) -> Self { self.map_window(|w| w.with_window_icon(window_icon)) } } impl Window { // `winit::window::Window` methods. // // NOTE: On new versions of winit, we should check whether or not new `Window` methods have // been added that we should expose. Most of the following method docs are copied from the // winit documentation. It would be nice if we could automate this inlining somehow. /// A unique identifier associated with this window. pub fn id(&self) -> Id { self.window.id() } /// Returns the scale factor that can be used to map logical pixels to physical pixels and vice /// versa. /// /// Throughout nannou, you will see "logical pixels" referred to as "points", and "physical /// pixels" referred to as "pixels". /// /// This is typically `1.0` for a normal display, `2.0` for a retina display and higher on more /// modern displays. /// /// You can read more about what this scale factor means within winit's [dpi module /// documentation](https://docs.rs/winit/latest/winit/dpi/index.html). /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **X11:** This respects Xft.dpi, and can be overridden using the `WINIT_X11_SCALE_FACTOR` /// environment variable. /// - **Android:** Always returns 1.0. /// - **iOS:** Can only be called on the main thread. Returns the underlying `UiView`'s /// `contentScaleFactor`. pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> geom::scalar::Default { self.window.scale_factor() as _ } /// The position of the top-left hand corner of the window relative to the top-left hand corner /// of the desktop. /// /// Note that the top-left hand corner of the desktop is not necessarily the same as the /// screen. If the user uses a desktop with multiple monitors, the top-left hand corner of the /// desktop is the top-left hand corner of the monitor at the top-left of the desktop. /// /// The coordinates can be negative if the top-left hand corner of the window is outside of the /// visible screen region. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Can only be called on the main thread. Returns the top left coordinates of the /// window in the screen space coordinate system. /// - **Web:** Returns the top-left coordinates relative to the viewport. pub fn outer_position_pixels(&self) -> Result<(i32, i32), winit::error::NotSupportedError> { self.window.outer_position().map(Into::into) } /// Modifies the position of the window. /// /// See `outer_position_pixels` for more information about the returned coordinates. This /// automatically un-maximizes the window if it is maximized. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Can only be called on the main thread. Sets the top left coordinates of the /// window in the screen space coordinate system. /// - **Web:** Sets the top-left coordinates relative to the viewport. pub fn set_outer_position_pixels(&self, x: i32, y: i32) { self.window .set_outer_position(winit::dpi::PhysicalPosition { x, y }) } /// The width and height in pixels of the client area of the window. /// /// The client area is the content of the window, excluding the title bar and borders. pub fn inner_size_pixels(&self) -> (u32, u32) { self.window.inner_size().into() } /// The width and height in points of the client area of the window. /// /// The client area is the content of the window, excluding the title bar and borders. /// /// This is the same as dividing the result of `inner_size_pixels()` by `scale_factor()`. pub fn inner_size_points(&self) -> (geom::scalar::Default, geom::scalar::Default) { self.window .inner_size() .to_logical::<f32>(self.tracked_state.scale_factor) .into() } /// Modifies the inner size of the window. /// /// See the `inner_size` methods for more informations about the values. pub fn set_inner_size_pixels(&self, width: u32, height: u32) { self.window .set_inner_size(winit::dpi::PhysicalSize { width, height }) } /// Modifies the inner size of the window using point values. /// /// See the `inner_size` methods for more informations about the values. pub fn set_inner_size_points(&self, width: f32, height: f32) { self.window .set_inner_size(winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height }) } /// The width and height of the window in pixels. /// /// These dimensions include title bar and borders. If you don't want these, you should use /// `inner_size_pixels` instead. pub fn outer_size_pixels(&self) -> (u32, u32) { self.window.outer_size().into() } /// The width and height of the window in points. /// /// These dimensions include title bar and borders. If you don't want these, you should use /// `inner_size_points` instead. /// /// This is the same as dividing the result of `outer_size_pixels()` by `scale_factor()`. pub fn outer_size_points(&self) -> (f32, f32) { self.window .outer_size() .to_logical::<f32>(self.tracked_state.scale_factor) .into() } /// Sets a minimum size for the window. pub fn set_min_inner_size_points(&self, size: Option<(f32, f32)>) { let size = size.map(|(width, height)| winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height }); self.window.set_min_inner_size(size) } /// Sets a maximum size for the window. pub fn set_max_inner_size_points(&self, size: Option<(f32, f32)>) { let size = size.map(|(width, height)| winit::dpi::LogicalSize { width, height }); self.window.set_max_inner_size(size) } /// Modifies the title of the window. /// /// This is a no-op if the window has already been closed. pub fn set_title(&self, title: &str) { self.window.set_title(title); } /// Set the visibility of the window. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - Android: Has no effect. /// - iOS: Can only be called on the main thread. /// - Web: Has no effect. pub fn set_visible(&self, visible: bool) { self.window.set_visible(visible) } /// Sets whether the window is resizable or not. /// /// Note that making the window unresizable doesn't exempt you from handling **Resized**, as /// that event can still be triggered by DPI scaling, entering fullscreen mode, etc. pub fn set_resizable(&self, resizable: bool) { self.window.set_resizable(resizable) } /// Sets the window to minimized or back. pub fn set_minimized(&self, minimized: bool) { self.window.set_minimized(minimized) } /// Sets the window to maximized or back. pub fn set_maximized(&self, maximized: bool) { self.window.set_maximized(maximized) } /// Set the window to fullscreen on the primary monitor. /// /// `true` enables fullscreen, `false` disables fullscreen. /// /// See the `set_fullscreen_with` method for more options and details about behaviour related /// to fullscreen. pub fn set_fullscreen(&self, fullscreen: bool) { if fullscreen { let monitor = self.current_monitor(); let fullscreen = Fullscreen::Borderless(monitor); self.set_fullscreen_with(Some(fullscreen)); } else { self.set_fullscreen_with(None); } } /// Set the window to fullscreen. /// /// Call this method again with `None` to revert back from fullscreen. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - macOS: `Fullscreen::Exclusive` provides true exclusive mode with a video mode change. /// Caveat! macOS doesn't provide task switching (or spaces!) while in exclusive fullscreen /// mode. This mode should be used when a video mode change is desired, but for a better user /// experience, borderless fullscreen might be preferred. /// /// `Fullscreen::Borderless` provides a borderless fullscreen window on a separate space. /// This is the idiomatic way for fullscreen games to work on macOS. See /// WindowExtMacOs::set_simple_fullscreen if separate spaces are not preferred. /// /// The dock and the menu bar are always disabled in fullscreen mode. /// /// - iOS: Can only be called on the main thread. /// - Wayland: Does not support exclusive fullscreen mode. /// - Windows: Screen saver is disabled in fullscreen mode. pub fn set_fullscreen_with(&self, fullscreen: Option<Fullscreen>) { self.window.set_fullscreen(fullscreen) } /// Gets the window's current fullscreen state. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Can only be called on the main thread. pub fn fullscreen(&self) -> Option<Fullscreen> { self.window.fullscreen() } /// Turn window decorations on or off. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Can only be called on the main thread. Controls whether the status bar is hidden /// via `setPrefersStatusBarHidden`. /// - **Web:** Has no effect. pub fn set_decorations(&self, decorations: bool) { self.window.set_decorations(decorations) } /// Change whether or not the window will always be on top of other windows. pub fn set_always_on_top(&self, always_on_top: bool) { self.window.set_always_on_top(always_on_top) } /// Sets the window icon. On Windows and X11, this is typically the small icon in the top-left /// corner of the titlebar. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// This only has effect on Windows and X11. /// /// On Windows, this sets ICON_SMALL. The base size for a window icon is 16x16, but it's /// recommended to account for screen scaling and pick a multiple of that, i.e. 32x32. /// /// X11 has no universal guidelines for icon sizes, so you're at the whims of the WM. That /// said, it's usually in the same ballpark as on Windows. pub fn set_window_icon(&self, window_icon: Option<winit::window::Icon>) { self.window.set_window_icon(window_icon) } /// Sets the location of IME candidate box in client area coordinates relative to the top left. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Has no effect. /// - **Web:** Has no effect. pub fn set_ime_position_points(&self, x: f32, y: f32) { self.window .set_ime_position(winit::dpi::LogicalPosition { x, y }) } /// Modifies the mouse cursor of the window. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Has no effect. /// - **Android:** Has no effect. pub fn set_cursor_icon(&self, state: winit::window::CursorIcon) { self.window.set_cursor_icon(state); } /// Changes the position of the cursor in logical window coordinates. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **iOS:** Always returns an `Err`. /// - **Web:** Has no effect. pub fn set_cursor_position_points( &self, x: f32, y: f32, ) -> Result<(), winit::error::ExternalError> { self.window .set_cursor_position(winit::dpi::LogicalPosition { x, y }) } /// Grabs the cursor, preventing it from leaving the window. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// - **macOS:** Locks the cursor in a fixed location. /// - **Wayland:** Locks the cursor in a fixed location. /// - **Android:** Has no effect. /// - **iOS:** Always returns an Err. /// - **Web:** Has no effect. pub fn set_cursor_grab(&self, grab: bool) -> Result<(), winit::error::ExternalError> { self.window.set_cursor_grab(grab) } /// Set the cursor's visibility. /// /// If `false`, hides the cursor. If `true`, shows the cursor. /// /// ## Platform-specific /// /// On **Windows**, **X11** and **Wayland**, the cursor is only hidden within the confines of /// the window. /// /// On **macOS**, the cursor is hidden as long as the window has input focus, even if the /// cursor is outside of the window. /// /// This has no effect on **Android** or **iOS**. pub fn set_cursor_visible(&self, visible: bool) { self.window.set_cursor_visible(visible) } /// The current monitor that the window is on or the primary monitor if nothing matches. pub fn current_monitor(&self) -> winit::monitor::MonitorHandle { self.window.current_monitor() } // Access to wgpu API. /// Returns a reference to the window's wgpu swap chain surface. pub fn surface(&self) -> &wgpu::Surface { &self.surface } /// The descriptor for the swap chain associated with this window's wgpu surface. pub fn swap_chain_descriptor(&self) -> &wgpu::SwapChainDescriptor { &self.swap_chain.descriptor } /// The wgpu logical device on which the window's swap chain is running. /// /// This is shorthand for `DeviceOwned::device(window.swap_chain())`. pub fn swap_chain_device(&self) -> &wgpu::Device { self.device_queue_pair.device() } /// The wgpu graphics queue on which the window swap chain work is run. /// /// The queue is guarded by a `Mutex` in order to synchronise submissions of command buffers in /// cases that the queue is shared between more than one window. pub fn swap_chain_queue(&self) -> &Mutex<wgpu::Queue> { self.device_queue_pair.queue() } /// Provides access to the device queue pair and the `Arc` behind which it is stored. This can /// be useful in cases where using references provided by the `swap_chain_device` or /// `swap_chain_queue` methods cause awkward ownership problems. pub fn swap_chain_device_queue_pair(&self) -> &Arc<wgpu::DeviceQueuePair> { &self.device_queue_pair } /// The number of samples used in the MSAA for the image associated with the `view` function's /// `Frame` type. /// /// **Note:** If the user specified a `raw_view` function rather than a `view` function, this /// value will always return `1`. pub fn msaa_samples(&self) -> u32 { self.msaa_samples } // Custom methods. // A utility function to simplify the recreation of a swap_chain. pub(crate) fn rebuild_swap_chain(&mut self, size_px: [u32; 2]) { std::mem::drop(self.swap_chain.swap_chain.take()); let [width, height] = size_px; self.swap_chain.descriptor.width = width; self.swap_chain.descriptor.height = height; self.swap_chain.swap_chain = Some( self.swap_chain_device() .create_swap_chain(&self.surface, &self.swap_chain.descriptor), ); if self.frame_data.is_some() { let render_data = frame::RenderData::new( self.swap_chain_device(), size_px, self.swap_chain.descriptor.format, self.msaa_samples, ); self.frame_data.as_mut().unwrap().render = render_data; } } /// Attempts to determine whether or not the window is currently fullscreen. pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool { self.fullscreen().is_some() } /// The number of times `view` has been called with a `Frame` for this window. pub fn elapsed_frames(&self) -> u64 { self.frame_count } /// The rectangle representing the position and dimensions of the window. /// /// The window's position will always be `[0.0, 0.0]`, as positions are generally described /// relative to the centre of the window itself. /// /// The dimensions will be equal to the result of `inner_size_points`. This represents the area /// of the that we can draw to in a DPI-agnostic manner, typically useful for drawing and UI /// positioning. pub fn rect(&self) -> geom::Rect { let (w, h) = self.inner_size_points(); geom::Rect::from_w_h(w, h) } /// Capture the next frame right before it is drawn to this window and write it to an image /// file at the given path. If a frame already exists, it will be captured before its `submit` /// method is called or before it is `drop`ped. /// /// The destination image file type will be inferred from the extension given in the path. /// pub fn capture_frame<P>(&self, path: P) where P: AsRef<Path>, { self.capture_frame_with_threaded(path.as_ref(), false); } /// The same as **capture_frame**, but uses a separate pool of threads for writing image files /// in order to free up the main application thread. /// /// Note that if you are capturing every frame and your window size is very large or the file /// type you are writing to is expensive to encode, this capturing thread may fall behind the /// main thread, resulting in a large delay before the exiting the program. This is because the /// capturing thread needs more time to write the captured images. pub fn capture_frame_threaded<P>(&self, path: P) where P: AsRef<Path>, { let path = path.as_ref(); self.capture_frame_with_threaded(path.as_ref(), true); } fn capture_frame_with_threaded(&self, path: &Path, threaded: bool) { // If the parent directory does not exist, create it. let dir = path.parent().expect("capture_frame path has no directory"); if !dir.exists() { std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).expect("failed to create `capture_frame` directory"); } let mut capture_next_frame_path = self .frame_data .as_ref() .expect("window capture requires that `view` draws to a `Frame` (not a `RawFrame`)") .capture .next_frame_path .lock() .expect("failed to lock `capture_next_frame_path`"); *capture_next_frame_path = Some((path.to_path_buf(), threaded)); } } // Debug implementations for function wrappers. impl fmt::Debug for View { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { let variant = match *self { View::WithModel(ref v) => format!("WithModel({:?})", v), View::WithModelRaw(ref v) => format!("WithModelRaw({:?})", v), View::Sketch(_) => "Sketch".to_string(), }; write!(f, "View::{}", variant) } } // Deref implementations. impl fmt::Debug for WindowSwapChain { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { write!( f, "WindowSwapChain ( descriptor: {:?}, swap_chain: {:?} )", self.descriptor, self.swap_chain, ) } } // Error implementations. impl fmt::Display for BuildError { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { match *self { BuildError::NoAvailableAdapter => write!(f, "no available wgpu adapter detected"), BuildError::WinitOsError(ref e) => e.fmt(f), } } } impl From<winit::error::OsError> for BuildError { fn from(e: winit::error::OsError) -> Self { BuildError::WinitOsError(e) } }