use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::marker::PhantomData;

use generic_array::{ArrayLength, GenericArray};
use hmac::digest::{BlockInput, FixedOutput, Input, Reset};
use typenum::Unsigned;

use crate::algorithm::{self, Signature, Signer as AlgorithmSigner};
use crate::base64::{self, Base64Sized, Base64SizedEncoder, URLSafeBase64Encode};
use crate::key_derivation;
use crate::timed::TimestampSignerImpl;
use crate::traits::GetSigner;
use crate::{AsSigner, BadSignature, IntoTimestampSigner, Separator, Signer};

static DEFAULT_SALT: Cow<'static, str> = Cow::Borrowed("itsdangerous.Signer");

pub struct SignerBuilder<Digest, Algorithm, KeyDerivation> {
    secret_key: Cow<'static, str>,
    salt: Cow<'static, str>,
    separator: Separator,
    _phantom: PhantomData<(Digest, Algorithm, KeyDerivation)>,
}

/// Constructs a default signer builder, using the [`sha1`] digest, [`hmac`],
/// and the [`django concat`] key derivation.
///
/// [`django concat`]: crate::key_derivation::DjangoConcat
pub fn default_builder<S: Into<Cow<'static, str>>>(
    secret_key: S,
) -> SignerBuilder<sha1::Sha1, algorithm::HMACAlgorithm<sha1::Sha1>, key_derivation::DjangoConcat> {
    SignerBuilder::new(secret_key)
}

impl<Digest, Algorithm, KeyDerivation> SignerBuilder<Digest, Algorithm, KeyDerivation>
where
    Digest: Input + BlockInput + FixedOutput + Reset + Default + Clone,
    Digest::BlockSize: ArrayLength<u8> + Clone,
    Digest::OutputSize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    Algorithm::OutputSize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    KeyDerivation: key_derivation::DeriveKey,
{
    /// Constructs a new signer builder with a given secret key.
    pub fn new<S: Into<Cow<'static, str>>>(secret_key: S) -> Self {
        Self {
            secret_key: secret_key.into(),
            salt: DEFAULT_SALT.clone(),
            separator: Default::default(),
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Uses a specific salt with the signer. If no salt is defined, will
    /// default to `DEFAULT_SALT`.
    pub fn with_salt<S: Into<Cow<'static, str>>>(mut self, salt: S) -> Self {
        self.salt = salt.into();
        self
    }

    /// Uses a specific separator with the signer. If no separator is
    /// defined, will default to '.'
    pub fn with_separator(mut self, separator: Separator) -> Self {
        self.separator = separator;
        self
    }

    /// Builds a Signer using the configuration specified in this builder.
    pub fn build(
        self,
    ) -> SignerImpl<Algorithm, Digest::OutputSize, Base64SizedEncoder<Algorithm::OutputSize>> {
        let derived_key = KeyDerivation::derive_key::<Digest>(&self.secret_key, &self.salt);

        SignerImpl {
            derived_key,
            separator: self.separator,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

pub struct SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
{
    derived_key: GenericArray<u8, DerivedKeySize>,
    pub(crate) separator: Separator,
    _phantom: PhantomData<(Algorithm, SignatureEncoder)>,
}

impl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
    SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    SignatureEncoder: Base64Sized,
{
    /// Given a base64-encoded signature, attempt to decode it and convert it
    /// to a Signature.
    ///
    /// A signature is considered base64 encoded if it was encoded using
    /// `URLSafeBase64Encode::base64_encode`.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn decode_signature(
        &self,
        encoded_signature: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<Signature<Algorithm::OutputSize>, base64::DecodeError> {
        Ok(base64::decode(encoded_signature)?
            .into_exact_inner()?
            .into())
    }

    /// Given a signature, attempt to verify whether or not it is valid
    /// for the given `value`.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn verify_signature(
        &self,
        value: &[u8],
        expected_signature: Signature<Algorithm::OutputSize>,
    ) -> bool {
        let computed_signature = self.get_signature(value);
        expected_signature == computed_signature
    }
}

impl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder> Signer
    for SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    SignatureEncoder: Base64Sized,
{
    fn signature_output_size(&self) -> usize {
        SignatureEncoder::OutputSize::USIZE
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    fn verify_encoded_signature(&self, value: &[u8], encoded_signature: &[u8]) -> bool {
        match self.decode_signature(encoded_signature) {
            Ok(sig) => self.verify_signature(value, sig),
            Err(_) => false,
        }
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    fn separator(&self) -> Separator {
        self.separator
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    fn sign<S: AsRef<str>>(&self, value: S) -> String {
        let value = value.as_ref();
        // Pre-allocate a string with the correct size (for maximum speeds.)
        // This (albeit a bit artisnal approach) is much faster than using `format!(...)`.
        let mut output =
            String::with_capacity(value.len() + 1 + SignatureEncoder::OutputSize::USIZE);

        output.push_str(value);
        output.push(self.separator.0);
        self.get_signature(value.as_bytes())
            .base64_encode_str(&mut output);

        output
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    fn unsign<'a>(&'a self, value: &'a str) -> Result<&'a str, BadSignature<'a>> {
        let (value, signature) = self.separator.split(&value)?;
        if self.verify_encoded_signature(value.as_bytes(), signature.as_bytes()) {
            Ok(value)
        } else {
            Err(BadSignature::SignatureMismatch { signature, value })
        }
    }
}

impl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder> GetSigner
    for SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
{
    type OutputSize = Algorithm::OutputSize;
    type Signer = Algorithm::Signer;

    /// Gets the signature for a given value.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn get_signer(&self) -> Self::Signer {
        Self::Signer::new(self.derived_key.as_slice())
    }
}

impl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder> IntoTimestampSigner
    for SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    SignatureEncoder: Base64Sized,
{
    type TimestampSigner = TimestampSignerImpl<Self>;

    fn into_timestamp_signer(self) -> Self::TimestampSigner {
        TimestampSignerImpl::with_signer(self)
    }
}

impl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder> AsSigner
    for SignerImpl<Algorithm, DerivedKeySize, SignatureEncoder>
where
    Algorithm: algorithm::SigningAlgorithm,
    DerivedKeySize: ArrayLength<u8>,
    SignatureEncoder: Base64Sized,
{
    type Signer = Self;

    fn as_signer(&self) -> &Self::Signer {
        &self
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::Signer;

    #[test]
    fn test_signature_basic() {
        let signer = default_builder("hello").build();
        let signature = signer.sign("this is a test");
        // This is a compatibility test against python.
        assert_eq!(signature, "this is a test.hgGT0Zoara4L13FX3_xm-xmfa_0");
        assert_eq!(
            signer
                .unsign("this is a test.hgGT0Zoara4L13FX3_xm-xmfa_0")
                .unwrap(),
            "this is a test"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_non_default_separator() {
        let signer = default_builder("hello")
            .with_separator(Separator::new('!').unwrap())
            .build();
        let signature = signer.sign("this is a test");
        assert_eq!(signature, "this is a test!hgGT0Zoara4L13FX3_xm-xmfa_0");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_default_separator() {
        assert!(!base64::in_alphabet(Separator::default().0));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_separator_rejects_invalid_char() {
        assert!(Separator::new('a').is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_unsign_edge_cases() {
        let signer = default_builder("hello").build();

        assert!(signer.unsign("").is_err());
        assert!(signer.unsign("fish").is_err());
        assert!(signer.unsign(".").is_err());
        assert!(signer.unsign("w.").is_err());
        assert!(signer.unsign(".w").is_err());
    }
}

#[cfg(all(test, feature = "nightly"))]
mod bench {
    use super::*;
    use crate::Signer;

    extern crate test;
    use test::Bencher;

    #[bench]
    fn bench_unsign(bench: &mut Bencher) {
        let signer = default_builder("hello").build();
        bench.iter(|| signer.unsign("this is a test.hgGT0Zoara4L13FX3_xm-xmfa_0"))
    }

    #[bench]
    fn bench_sign(bench: &mut Bencher) {
        let signer = default_builder("hello").build();
        bench.iter(|| signer.sign("this is a test"))
    }
}