Crate interoptopus[−][src]

Expand description

Interoptopus 🐙

The polyglot bindings generator for your library (C#, C, Python, …)

Code you write …

use interoptopus::{ffi_function, ffi_type, inventory};

#[ffi_type]
#[repr(C)]
pub struct Vec2 {
    pub x: f32,
    pub y: f32,
}

#[ffi_function]
#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn my_function(input: Vec2) {
    println!("{}", input.x);
}

inventory!(ffi_inventory, [], [my_function], [], []);

… Interoptopus generates

Language	Crate	Sample Output
C# (incl. Unity)	interoptopus_backend_csharp	Interop.cs
C	interoptopus_backend_c	my_header.h
Python CFFI	interoptopus_backend_cpython_cffi	reference.py
Your language	Write your own backend¹	-

¹ Create your own backend in just a few hours. No pull request needed. Pinkie promise.

Getting Started 🍼

If you …

want to create a new API see the example projects,
need to support a new language or rewrite a backend, copy and adapt the C backend.

Features

explicit, type-safe, single source of truth API definition in Rust,
quality-of-life patterns on both sides (e.g., options, slices, services, …)
minimal on dependencies, build time, tooling impact,
if your project compiles your bindings should work^*cough* (i.e., generated and callable),
extensible, multiple backends, easy to support new languages, fully customizable,
no scripts needed, cargo build + cargo test can produce and test (if lang installed) generated bindings

Gated behind feature flags, these enable:

derive - Proc macros such as ffi_constant, ffi_function, ffi_type.
testing - Functions to test generated Python, C#, C from Unit tests.
serde - Serde attributes on internal types.
log - Invoke log on FFI errors (you still need actual logger).

Supported Rust Constructs

See the reference project; it lists all supported constructs including:

functions (extern "C" functions and delegates)
types (primitives, composite, enums (numeric only), opaques, references, pointers, …)
constants (primitive constants; results of const evaluation)
patterns (ASCII pointers, options, slices, classes, …)

As a rule of thumb we recommend to be slightly conservative with your signatures and always “think C”, since other languages don’t track lifetimes well and it’s is easy to accidentally pass an outlived pointer or doubly alias a &mut X on reentrant functions.

Performance 🏁

Generated low-level bindings should be “zero cost” w.r.t. hand-crafted bindings for that language. However, even hand-crafted bindings have an inherent, language-specific cost. For C# that cost can be almost 0, for Python CFFI it can be high. Patterns and convenience helpers might add additional overhead.

If you need API design guidance the following (wip) C# call-cost table^🔥 can help.

Changelog

v0.8 - Moved testing functions to respective backend crates.
v0.7 - Patterns mostly use proc macros now for better FFI docs.
v0.6 - Renamed and clarified many patterns.
v0.5 - More ergonomic slice usage in Rust and FFI.
v0.4 - Enable logging support in auto-generated FFI calls.
v0.3 - Better compatibility with generics.
v0.2 - Introduced “patterns”; produces generally working interop for C#.
v0.1 - Has generated C#, C, Python-CFFI bindings at least once.

FAQ

FAQ and Safety Guides.

Contributing

PRs are welcome.

Bug fixes can be submitted directly. Major changes should be filed as issues first.
Anything that makes previously working bindings change behavior or stop compiling is a major change;
This doesn’t mean we’re opposed to breaking stuff just that we’d like to talk about it before it happens.
New features or patterns must be materialized in the reference project and accompanied by an interop test (i.e., a backend test running C# / Python against a DLL invoking that code) in at least one included backend.