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//! The unary numbers, represented by zero [`Z`] and successor [`S`]. /// The number zero. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use dialectic::unary::Z; /// /// let zero: Z = Z; /// ``` #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default)] pub struct Z; /// The successor of `N` (i.e. `N + 1`). /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use dialectic::unary::{S, Z}; /// /// let one: S<Z> = S(Z); /// ``` #[repr(transparent)] #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default)] pub struct S<N>(pub N); /// A convenient type synonym for writing out unary types using constants. pub type UnaryOf<const N: usize> = <Number<N> as ToUnary>::AsUnary; /// All unary numbers can be converted to their value-level equivalent `usize`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # #![recursion_limit = "256"] /// use dialectic::prelude::*; /// use dialectic::unary::*; /// /// assert_eq!(<UnaryOf<0>>::VALUE, 0); /// assert_eq!(<UnaryOf<1>>::VALUE, 1); /// assert_eq!(<UnaryOf<2>>::VALUE, 2); /// // ... /// assert_eq!(<UnaryOf<256>>::VALUE, 256); /// ``` pub trait Unary: sealed::Unary + Sized + Sync + Send + 'static { /// The runtime value of this type-level number, as a `usize`. const VALUE: usize; } impl Unary for Z { const VALUE: usize = 0; } impl<N: Unary> Unary for S<N> { const VALUE: usize = N::VALUE + 1; } /// Ensure than a unary number is strictly less than some other number. /// /// # Examples /// /// This compiles, because `1 < 2`: /// /// ``` /// use dialectic::prelude::*; /// use dialectic::unary::*; /// /// fn ok() where UnaryOf<1>: LessThan<UnaryOf<2>> {} /// ``` /// /// But this does not compile, because `2 >= 1`: /// /// ```compile_fail /// # use dialectic::prelude::*; /// # use dialectic::unary::*; /// # /// fn bad() where UnaryOf<2>: LessThan<UnaryOf<1>> {} /// ``` /// /// Because [`LessThan`] is a *strict* less-than relationship (i.e. `<`, not `<=`), this does not /// compile either: /// /// ```compile_fail /// # use dialectic::prelude::*; /// # use dialectic::unary::*; /// # /// fn bad() where UnaryOf<100>: LessThan<UnaryOf<100>> {} /// ``` pub trait LessThan<N: Unary> where Self: Unary, { } impl<N: Unary> LessThan<S<N>> for Z {} impl<N: Unary, M: LessThan<N>> LessThan<S<N>> for S<M> {} /// Compare two unary numbers and branch on their comparison, at the type level. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use dialectic::prelude::*; /// use dialectic::unary::{Compare, UnaryOf}; /// use static_assertions::assert_type_eq_all; /// /// assert_type_eq_all!(<(UnaryOf<0>, UnaryOf<1>) as Compare<u8, u16, u32>>::Result, u8); /// assert_type_eq_all!(<(UnaryOf<1>, UnaryOf<1>) as Compare<u8, u16, u32>>::Result, u16); /// assert_type_eq_all!(<(UnaryOf<2>, UnaryOf<1>) as Compare<u8, u16, u32>>::Result, u32); /// ``` pub trait Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater>: sealed::Compare { /// The result of the comparison: either `T` if `Self == N` or `E` if `Self != N`. type Result; } impl<N: Unary, M: Unary, IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> for (S<N>, S<M>) where (N, M): Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater>, { type Result = <(N, M) as Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater>>::Result; } impl<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> for (Z, Z) { type Result = IfEqual; } impl<N: Unary, IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> for (S<N>, Z) { type Result = IfGreater; } impl<N: Unary, IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> Compare<IfLess, IfEqual, IfGreater> for (Z, S<N>) { type Result = IfLess; } /// Add two unary numbers at the type level. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use dialectic::prelude::*; /// use dialectic::unary::*; /// use static_assertions::assert_type_eq_all; /// /// assert_type_eq_all!(<(UnaryOf<1>, UnaryOf<1>) as Add>::Result, UnaryOf<2>); /// assert_type_eq_all!(<(UnaryOf<5>, UnaryOf<7>) as Add>::Result, UnaryOf<12>); /// ``` pub trait Add: sealed::Add { /// The result of the addition. type Result: Unary; } impl<N: Unary> Add for (N, Z) { type Result = N; } impl<N: Unary, M: Unary> Add for (N, S<M>) where (N, M): Add, { type Result = S<<(N, M) as Add>::Result>; } /// A trait marking wrapped type-level constants. pub trait Constant: sealed::Constant {} /// A wrapper for type-level `usize` values to allow implementing traits on them. #[derive(Debug)] pub enum Number<const N: usize> {} impl<const N: usize> Constant for Number<N> {} /// A trait which allows conversion from a wrapper type over a type-level `usize` to a unary /// type-level number representation. pub trait ToUnary { /// The result of conversion. type AsUnary: Unary + ToConstant<AsConstant = Self>; } /// A trait which allows conversion from a unary type-level representation to a wrapper over a /// type-level `usize`. pub trait ToConstant: Unary { /// The result of conversion. type AsConstant: Constant + ToUnary<AsUnary = Self>; } dialectic_macro::generate_unary_conversion_impls!(256); mod sealed { use super::*; pub trait Unary: 'static {} impl Unary for Z {} impl<N: Unary> Unary for S<N> {} pub trait Constant: 'static {} impl<const N: usize> Constant for Number<N> {} pub trait Compare {} impl<N: Unary, M: Unary> Compare for (N, M) {} pub trait Add {} impl<N: Unary, M: Unary> Add for (N, M) {} }