Struct clap::Id

source ·

pub struct Id(_);

Expand description

Arg or ArgGroup identifier

This is used for accessing the value in ArgMatches or defining relationships between Args and ArgGroups with functions like Arg::conflicts_with.

Implementations§

source §

impl Id

source

pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str

Get the raw string of the Id

Examples found in repository ?

src/util/id.rs (line 89)

    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        std::fmt::Display::fmt(self.as_str(), f)
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        std::fmt::Debug::fmt(self.as_str(), f)
    }
}

impl AsRef<str> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
        self.as_str()
    }
}

impl std::borrow::Borrow<str> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn borrow(&self) -> &str {
        self.as_str()
    }
}

impl PartialEq<str> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other)
    }
}
impl PartialEq<Id> for str {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &Id) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self, other.as_str())
    }
}

impl PartialEq<&'_ str> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &&str) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), *other)
    }
}
impl PartialEq<Id> for &'_ str {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &Id) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(*self, other.as_str())
    }
}

impl PartialEq<Str> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &Str) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other.as_str())
    }
}
impl PartialEq<Id> for Str {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &Id) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other.as_str())
    }
}

impl PartialEq<std::string::String> for Id {
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &std::string::String) -> bool {
        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other.as_str())
    }

More examples

Hide additional examples

src/builder/arg.rs (line 4130)

    pub(crate) fn name_no_brackets(&self) -> String {
        debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets:{}", self.get_id());
        let delim = " ";
        if !self.val_names.is_empty() {
            debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets: val_names={:#?}", self.val_names);

            if self.val_names.len() > 1 {
                self.val_names
                    .iter()
                    .map(|n| format!("<{}>", n))
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .join(delim)
            } else {
                self.val_names
                    .first()
                    .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)
                    .as_str()
                    .to_owned()
            }
        } else {
            debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets: just name");
            self.get_id().as_str().to_owned()
        }
    }

src/output/help_template.rs (line 976)

fn option_sort_key(arg: &Arg) -> (usize, String) {
    // Formatting key like this to ensure that:
    // 1. Argument has long flags are printed just after short flags.
    // 2. For two args both have short flags like `-c` and `-C`, the
    //    `-C` arg is printed just after the `-c` arg
    // 3. For args without short or long flag, print them at last(sorted
    //    by arg name).
    // Example order: -a, -b, -B, -s, --select-file, --select-folder, -x

    let key = if let Some(x) = arg.get_short() {
        let mut s = x.to_ascii_lowercase().to_string();
        s.push(if x.is_ascii_lowercase() { '0' } else { '1' });
        s
    } else if let Some(x) = arg.get_long() {
        x.to_string()
    } else {
        let mut s = '{'.to_string();
        s.push_str(arg.get_id().as_str());
        s
    };
    (arg.get_display_order(), key)
}

src/parser/parser.rs (line 1265)

    fn react(
        &self,
        ident: Option<Identifier>,
        source: ValueSource,
        arg: &Arg,
        mut raw_vals: Vec<OsString>,
        mut trailing_idx: Option<usize>,
        matcher: &mut ArgMatcher,
    ) -> ClapResult<ParseResult> {
        ok!(self.resolve_pending(matcher));

        debug!(
            "Parser::react action={:?}, identifier={:?}, source={:?}",
            arg.get_action(),
            ident,
            source
        );

        // Process before `default_missing_values` to avoid it counting as values from the command
        // line
        if source == ValueSource::CommandLine {
            ok!(self.verify_num_args(arg, &raw_vals));
        }

        if raw_vals.is_empty() {
            // We assume this case is valid: require equals, but min_vals == 0.
            if !arg.default_missing_vals.is_empty() {
                debug!("Parser::react: has default_missing_vals");
                trailing_idx = None;
                raw_vals.extend(
                    arg.default_missing_vals
                        .iter()
                        .map(|s| s.as_os_str().to_owned()),
                );
            }
        }

        if let Some(val_delim) = arg.get_value_delimiter() {
            if self.cmd.is_dont_delimit_trailing_values_set() && trailing_idx == Some(0) {
                // Nothing to do
            } else {
                let mut split_raw_vals = Vec::with_capacity(raw_vals.len());
                for (i, raw_val) in raw_vals.into_iter().enumerate() {
                    let raw_val = RawOsString::new(raw_val);
                    if !raw_val.contains(val_delim)
                        || (self.cmd.is_dont_delimit_trailing_values_set()
                            && trailing_idx == Some(i))
                    {
                        split_raw_vals.push(raw_val.into_os_string());
                    } else {
                        split_raw_vals
                            .extend(raw_val.split(val_delim).map(|x| x.to_os_str().into_owned()));
                    }
                }
                raw_vals = split_raw_vals
            }
        }

        match arg.get_action() {
            ArgAction::Set => {
                if source == ValueSource::CommandLine
                    && matches!(ident, Some(Identifier::Short) | Some(Identifier::Long))
                {
                    // Record flag's index
                    self.cur_idx.set(self.cur_idx.get() + 1);
                    debug!("Parser::react: cur_idx:={}", self.cur_idx.get());
                }
                if matcher.remove(arg.get_id())
                    && !(self.cmd.is_args_override_self() || arg.overrides.contains(arg.get_id()))
                {
                    return Err(ClapError::argument_conflict(
                        self.cmd,
                        arg.to_string(),
                        vec![arg.to_string()],
                        Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
                    ));
                }
                self.start_custom_arg(matcher, arg, source);
                ok!(self.push_arg_values(arg, raw_vals, matcher));
                if cfg!(debug_assertions) && matcher.needs_more_vals(arg) {
                    debug!(
                        "Parser::react not enough values passed in, leaving it to the validator to complain",
                    );
                }
                Ok(ParseResult::ValuesDone)
            }
            ArgAction::Append => {
                if source == ValueSource::CommandLine
                    && matches!(ident, Some(Identifier::Short) | Some(Identifier::Long))
                {
                    // Record flag's index
                    self.cur_idx.set(self.cur_idx.get() + 1);
                    debug!("Parser::react: cur_idx:={}", self.cur_idx.get());
                }
                self.start_custom_arg(matcher, arg, source);
                ok!(self.push_arg_values(arg, raw_vals, matcher));
                if cfg!(debug_assertions) && matcher.needs_more_vals(arg) {
                    debug!(
                        "Parser::react not enough values passed in, leaving it to the validator to complain",
                    );
                }
                Ok(ParseResult::ValuesDone)
            }
            ArgAction::SetTrue => {
                let raw_vals = if raw_vals.is_empty() {
                    vec![OsString::from("true")]
                } else {
                    raw_vals
                };

                if matcher.remove(arg.get_id())
                    && !(self.cmd.is_args_override_self() || arg.overrides.contains(arg.get_id()))
                {
                    return Err(ClapError::argument_conflict(
                        self.cmd,
                        arg.to_string(),
                        vec![arg.to_string()],
                        Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
                    ));
                }
                self.start_custom_arg(matcher, arg, source);
                ok!(self.push_arg_values(arg, raw_vals, matcher));
                Ok(ParseResult::ValuesDone)
            }
            ArgAction::SetFalse => {
                let raw_vals = if raw_vals.is_empty() {
                    vec![OsString::from("false")]
                } else {
                    raw_vals
                };

                if matcher.remove(arg.get_id())
                    && !(self.cmd.is_args_override_self() || arg.overrides.contains(arg.get_id()))
                {
                    return Err(ClapError::argument_conflict(
                        self.cmd,
                        arg.to_string(),
                        vec![arg.to_string()],
                        Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
                    ));
                }
                self.start_custom_arg(matcher, arg, source);
                ok!(self.push_arg_values(arg, raw_vals, matcher));
                Ok(ParseResult::ValuesDone)
            }
            ArgAction::Count => {
                let raw_vals = if raw_vals.is_empty() {
                    let existing_value = *matcher
                        .get_one::<crate::builder::CountType>(arg.get_id().as_str())
                        .unwrap_or(&0);
                    let next_value = existing_value.saturating_add(1);
                    vec![OsString::from(next_value.to_string())]
                } else {
                    raw_vals
                };

                matcher.remove(arg.get_id());
                self.start_custom_arg(matcher, arg, source);
                ok!(self.push_arg_values(arg, raw_vals, matcher));
                Ok(ParseResult::ValuesDone)
            }
            ArgAction::Help => {
                let use_long = match ident {
                    Some(Identifier::Long) => true,
                    Some(Identifier::Short) => false,
                    Some(Identifier::Index) => true,
                    None => true,
                };
                debug!("Help: use_long={}", use_long);
                Err(self.help_err(use_long))
            }
            ArgAction::Version => {
                let use_long = match ident {
                    Some(Identifier::Long) => true,
                    Some(Identifier::Short) => false,
                    Some(Identifier::Index) => true,
                    None => true,
                };
                debug!("Version: use_long={}", use_long);
                Err(self.version_err(use_long))
            }
        }
    }

    fn verify_num_args(&self, arg: &Arg, raw_vals: &[OsString]) -> ClapResult<()> {
        if self.cmd.is_ignore_errors_set() {
            return Ok(());
        }

        let actual = raw_vals.len();
        let expected = arg.get_num_args().expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);

        if 0 < expected.min_values() && actual == 0 {
            // Issue 665 (https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/665)
            // Issue 1105 (https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/1105)
            return Err(ClapError::empty_value(
                self.cmd,
                &super::get_possible_values_cli(arg)
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|pv| !pv.is_hide_set())
                    .map(|n| n.get_name().to_owned())
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                arg.to_string(),
            ));
        } else if let Some(expected) = expected.num_values() {
            if expected != actual {
                debug!("Validator::validate_arg_num_vals: Sending error WrongNumberOfValues");
                return Err(ClapError::wrong_number_of_values(
                    self.cmd,
                    arg.to_string(),
                    expected,
                    actual,
                    Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
                ));
            }
        } else if actual < expected.min_values() {
            return Err(ClapError::too_few_values(
                self.cmd,
                arg.to_string(),
                expected.min_values(),
                actual,
                Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
            ));
        } else if expected.max_values() < actual {
            debug!("Validator::validate_arg_num_vals: Sending error TooManyValues");
            return Err(ClapError::too_many_values(
                self.cmd,
                raw_vals
                    .last()
                    .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)
                    .to_string_lossy()
                    .into_owned(),
                arg.to_string(),
                Usage::new(self.cmd).create_usage_with_title(&[]),
            ));
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn remove_overrides(&self, arg: &Arg, matcher: &mut ArgMatcher) {
        debug!("Parser::remove_overrides: id={:?}", arg.id);
        for override_id in &arg.overrides {
            debug!("Parser::remove_overrides:iter:{:?}: removing", override_id);
            matcher.remove(override_id);
        }

        // Override anything that can override us
        let mut transitive = Vec::new();
        for arg_id in matcher.arg_ids() {
            if let Some(overrider) = self.cmd.find(arg_id) {
                if overrider.overrides.contains(arg.get_id()) {
                    transitive.push(overrider.get_id());
                }
            }
        }
        for overrider_id in transitive {
            debug!("Parser::remove_overrides:iter:{:?}: removing", overrider_id);
            matcher.remove(overrider_id);
        }
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "env")]
    fn add_env(&mut self, matcher: &mut ArgMatcher) -> ClapResult<()> {
        debug!("Parser::add_env");

        for arg in self.cmd.get_arguments() {
            // Use env only if the arg was absent among command line args,
            // early return if this is not the case.
            if matcher.contains(&arg.id) {
                debug!("Parser::add_env: Skipping existing arg `{}`", arg);
                continue;
            }

            debug!("Parser::add_env: Checking arg `{}`", arg);
            if let Some((_, Some(ref val))) = arg.env {
                debug!("Parser::add_env: Found an opt with value={:?}", val);
                let arg_values = vec![val.to_owned()];
                let trailing_idx = None;
                let _ = ok!(self.react(
                    None,
                    ValueSource::EnvVariable,
                    arg,
                    arg_values,
                    trailing_idx,
                    matcher,
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn add_defaults(&self, matcher: &mut ArgMatcher) -> ClapResult<()> {
        debug!("Parser::add_defaults");

        for arg in self.cmd.get_arguments() {
            debug!("Parser::add_defaults:iter:{}:", arg.get_id());
            ok!(self.add_default_value(arg, matcher));
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn add_default_value(&self, arg: &Arg, matcher: &mut ArgMatcher) -> ClapResult<()> {
        if !arg.default_vals_ifs.is_empty() {
            debug!("Parser::add_default_value: has conditional defaults");
            if !matcher.contains(arg.get_id()) {
                for (id, val, default) in arg.default_vals_ifs.iter() {
                    let add = if let Some(a) = matcher.get(id) {
                        match val {
                            crate::builder::ArgPredicate::Equals(v) => {
                                a.raw_vals_flatten().any(|value| v == value)
                            }
                            crate::builder::ArgPredicate::IsPresent => true,
                        }
                    } else {
                        false
                    };

                    if add {
                        if let Some(default) = default {
                            let arg_values = vec![default.to_os_string()];
                            let trailing_idx = None;
                            let _ = ok!(self.react(
                                None,
                                ValueSource::DefaultValue,
                                arg,
                                arg_values,
                                trailing_idx,
                                matcher,
                            ));
                        }
                        return Ok(());
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            debug!("Parser::add_default_value: doesn't have conditional defaults");
        }

        if !arg.default_vals.is_empty() {
            debug!(
                "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: has default vals",
                arg.get_id()
            );
            if matcher.contains(arg.get_id()) {
                debug!("Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: was used", arg.get_id());
            // do nothing
            } else {
                debug!(
                    "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: wasn't used",
                    arg.get_id()
                );
                let arg_values: Vec<_> = arg
                    .default_vals
                    .iter()
                    .map(crate::builder::OsStr::to_os_string)
                    .collect();
                let trailing_idx = None;
                let _ = ok!(self.react(
                    None,
                    ValueSource::DefaultValue,
                    arg,
                    arg_values,
                    trailing_idx,
                    matcher,
                ));
            }
        } else {
            debug!(
                "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: doesn't have default vals",
                arg.get_id()
            );

            // do nothing
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn start_custom_arg(&self, matcher: &mut ArgMatcher, arg: &Arg, source: ValueSource) {
        if source == ValueSource::CommandLine {
            // With each new occurrence, remove overrides from prior occurrences
            self.remove_overrides(arg, matcher);
        }
        matcher.start_custom_arg(arg, source);
        if source.is_explicit() {
            for group in self.cmd.groups_for_arg(arg.get_id()) {
                matcher.start_custom_group(group.clone(), source);
                matcher.add_val_to(
                    &group,
                    AnyValue::new(arg.get_id().clone()),
                    OsString::from(arg.get_id().as_str()),
                );
            }
        }
    }

src/builder/debug_asserts.rs (line 71)

pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
    debug!("Command::_debug_asserts");

    let mut short_flags = vec![];
    let mut long_flags = vec![];

    // Invalid version flag settings
    if cmd.get_version().is_none() && cmd.get_long_version().is_none() {
        // PropagateVersion is meaningless if there is no version
        assert!(
            !cmd.is_propagate_version_set(),
            "Command {}: No version information via Command::version or Command::long_version to propagate",
            cmd.get_name(),
        );

        // Used `Command::mut_arg("version", ..) but did not provide any version information to display
        let version_needed = cmd
            .get_arguments()
            .filter(|x| matches!(x.get_action(), ArgAction::Version))
            .map(|x| x.get_id())
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        assert_eq!(version_needed, Vec::<&str>::new(), "Command {}: `ArgAction::Version` used without providing Command::version or Command::long_version"
            ,cmd.get_name()
        );
    }

    for sc in cmd.get_subcommands() {
        if let Some(s) = sc.get_short_flag().as_ref() {
            short_flags.push(Flag::Command(format!("-{}", s), sc.get_name()));
        }

        for short_alias in sc.get_all_short_flag_aliases() {
            short_flags.push(Flag::Command(format!("-{}", short_alias), sc.get_name()));
        }

        if let Some(l) = sc.get_long_flag().as_ref() {
            assert!(!l.starts_with('-'), "Command {}: long_flag {:?} must not start with a `-`, that will be handled by the parser", sc.get_name(), l);
            long_flags.push(Flag::Command(format!("--{}", l), sc.get_name()));
        }

        for long_alias in sc.get_all_long_flag_aliases() {
            long_flags.push(Flag::Command(format!("--{}", long_alias), sc.get_name()));
        }
    }

    for arg in cmd.get_arguments() {
        assert_arg(arg);

        assert!(
            !cmd.is_multicall_set(),
            "Command {}: Arguments like {} cannot be set on a multicall command",
            cmd.get_name(),
            arg.get_id()
        );

        if let Some(s) = arg.get_short() {
            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("-{}", s), arg.get_id().as_str()));
        }

        for (short_alias, _) in &arg.short_aliases {
            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(
                format!("-{}", short_alias),
                arg.get_id().as_str(),
            ));
        }

        if let Some(l) = arg.get_long() {
            assert!(!l.starts_with('-'), "Argument {}: long {:?} must not start with a `-`, that will be handled by the parser", arg.get_id(), l);
            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("--{}", l), arg.get_id().as_str()));
        }

        for (long_alias, _) in &arg.aliases {
            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(
                format!("--{}", long_alias),
                arg.get_id().as_str(),
            ));
        }

        // Name conflicts
        if let Some((first, second)) = cmd.two_args_of(|x| x.get_id() == arg.get_id()) {
            panic!(
            "Command {}: Argument names must be unique, but '{}' is in use by more than one argument or group{}",
            cmd.get_name(),
            arg.get_id(),
            duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second),
        );
        }

        // Long conflicts
        if let Some(l) = arg.get_long() {
            if let Some((first, second)) = cmd.two_args_of(|x| x.get_long() == Some(l)) {
                panic!(
                    "Command {}: Long option names must be unique for each argument, \
                            but '--{}' is in use by both '{}' and '{}'{}",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                    l,
                    first.get_id(),
                    second.get_id(),
                    duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second)
                )
            }
        }

        // Short conflicts
        if let Some(s) = arg.get_short() {
            if let Some((first, second)) = cmd.two_args_of(|x| x.get_short() == Some(s)) {
                panic!(
                    "Command {}: Short option names must be unique for each argument, \
                            but '-{}' is in use by both '{}' and '{}'{}",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                    s,
                    first.get_id(),
                    second.get_id(),
                    duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second),
                )
            }
        }

        // Index conflicts
        if let Some(idx) = arg.index {
            if let Some((first, second)) =
                cmd.two_args_of(|x| x.is_positional() && x.get_index() == Some(idx))
            {
                panic!(
                    "Command {}: Argument '{}' has the same index as '{}' \
                    and they are both positional arguments\n\n\t \
                    Use `Arg::num_args(1..)` to allow one \
                    positional argument to take multiple values",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                    first.get_id(),
                    second.get_id()
                )
            }
        }

        // requires, r_if, r_unless
        for req in &arg.requires {
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(&req.1),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'requires*' for '{}' does not exist",
                cmd.get_name(),
                req.1,
                arg.get_id(),
            );
        }

        for req in &arg.r_ifs {
            assert!(
                !arg.is_required_set(),
                "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_if_eq*`",
                arg.get_id()
            );
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(&req.0),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_if_eq*' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req.0,
                arg.get_id()
            );
        }

        for req in &arg.r_ifs_all {
            assert!(
                !arg.is_required_set(),
                "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_if_eq_all`",
                arg.get_id()
            );
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(&req.0),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_if_eq_all' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req.0,
                arg.get_id()
            );
        }

        for req in &arg.r_unless {
            assert!(
                !arg.is_required_set(),
                "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_unless*`",
                arg.get_id()
            );
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(req),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req,
                arg.get_id(),
            );
        }

        for req in &arg.r_unless_all {
            assert!(
                !arg.is_required_set(),
                "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_unless*`",
                arg.get_id()
            );
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(req),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req,
                arg.get_id(),
            );
        }

        // blacklist
        for req in &arg.blacklist {
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(req),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'conflicts_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req,
                arg.get_id(),
            );
        }

        // overrides
        for req in &arg.overrides {
            assert!(
                cmd.id_exists(req),
                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'overrides_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                req,
                arg.get_id(),
            );
        }

        if arg.is_last_set() {
            assert!(
                arg.get_long().is_none(),
                "Command {}: Flags or Options cannot have last(true) set. '{}' has both a long and last(true) set.",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                arg.get_id()
            );
            assert!(
                arg.get_short().is_none(),
                "Command {}: Flags or Options cannot have last(true) set. '{}' has both a short and last(true) set.",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                arg.get_id()
            );
        }

        assert!(
            !(arg.is_required_set() && arg.is_global_set()),
            "Command {}: Global arguments cannot be required.\n\n\t'{}' is marked as both global and required",
                    cmd.get_name(),
            arg.get_id()
        );

        if arg.get_value_hint() == ValueHint::CommandWithArguments {
            assert!(
                arg.is_positional(),
                "Command {}: Argument '{}' has hint CommandWithArguments and must be positional.",
                cmd.get_name(),
                arg.get_id()
            );

            assert!(
                arg.is_trailing_var_arg_set() || arg.is_last_set(),
                "Command {}: Positional argument '{}' has hint CommandWithArguments, so Command must have `trailing_var_arg(true)` or `last(true)` set.",
                    cmd.get_name(),
                arg.get_id()
            );
        }
    }

    for group in cmd.get_groups() {
        let derive_hint = if cfg!(feature = "derive") {
            " (note: `Args` implicitly creates `ArgGroup`s; disable with `#[group(skip)]`"
        } else {
            ""
        };

        // Name conflicts
        assert!(
            cmd.get_groups().filter(|x| x.id == group.id).count() < 2,
            "Command {}: Argument group name must be unique\n\n\t'{}' is already in use{}",
            cmd.get_name(),
            group.get_id(),
            derive_hint
        );

        // Groups should not have naming conflicts with Args
        assert!(
            !cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.get_id() == group.get_id()),
            "Command {}: Argument group name '{}' must not conflict with argument name{}",
            cmd.get_name(),
            group.get_id(),
            derive_hint
        );

        for arg in &group.args {
            // Args listed inside groups should exist
            assert!(
                cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.get_id() == arg),
                "Command {}: Argument group '{}' contains non-existent argument '{}'",
                cmd.get_name(),
                group.get_id(),
                arg
            );
        }
    }

    // Conflicts between flags and subcommands

    long_flags.sort_unstable();
    short_flags.sort_unstable();

    detect_duplicate_flags(&long_flags, "long");
    detect_duplicate_flags(&short_flags, "short");

    let mut subs = FlatSet::new();
    for sc in cmd.get_subcommands() {
        assert!(
            subs.insert(sc.get_name()),
            "Command {}: command name `{}` is duplicated",
            cmd.get_name(),
            sc.get_name()
        );
        for alias in sc.get_all_aliases() {
            assert!(
                subs.insert(alias),
                "Command {}: command `{}` alias `{}` is duplicated",
                cmd.get_name(),
                sc.get_name(),
                alias
            );
        }
    }

    _verify_positionals(cmd);

    #[cfg(feature = "help")]
    if let Some(help_template) = cmd.get_help_template() {
        assert!(
            !help_template.to_string().contains("{flags}"),
            "Command {}: {}",
                    cmd.get_name(),
            "`{flags}` template variable was removed in clap3, they are now included in `{options}`",
        );
        assert!(
            !help_template.to_string().contains("{unified}"),
            "Command {}: {}",
            cmd.get_name(),
            "`{unified}` template variable was removed in clap3, use `{options}` instead"
        );
    }

    cmd._panic_on_missing_help(cmd.is_help_expected_set());
    assert_app_flags(cmd);
}