capnpc 0.14.9

// Copyright (c) 2013-2015 Sandstorm Development Group, Inc. and contributors
// Licensed under the MIT License:
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.

use std::collections;
use std::collections::{HashMap,HashSet};
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

use capnp;
use capnp::Error;

use crate::{convert_io_err};
use crate::pointer_constants::generate_pointer_constant;
use crate::schema_capnp;
use crate::codegen_types::{ Leaf, RustTypeInfo, RustNodeInfo, TypeParameterTexts, do_branding };
use self::FormattedText::{Indent, Line, Branch, BlankLine};

/// An invocation of the capnpc-rust code generation plugin.
pub struct CodeGenerationCommand {
    output_directory: PathBuf,
    default_parent_module: Vec<String>,
    raw_code_generator_request_path: Option<PathBuf>,
}

impl CodeGenerationCommand {
    /// Creates a new code generation command with default options.
    pub fn new() -> CodeGenerationCommand {
        CodeGenerationCommand {
            output_directory: PathBuf::new(),
            default_parent_module: Vec::new(),
            raw_code_generator_request_path: None,
        }
    }

    /// Sets the output directory.
    pub fn output_directory<P>(&mut self, path: P) -> &mut Self
        where P: AsRef<Path>
    {
        self.output_directory = path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
        self
    }

    /// Sets the default parent module, indicating the scope in your crate where you will
    /// add the generated code.
    ///
    /// This option can be overridden by the `parentModule` annotation defined in `rust.capnp`.
    pub fn default_parent_module(&mut self, default_parent_module: Vec<String>) -> &mut Self
    {
        self.default_parent_module = default_parent_module;
        self
    }

    /// Sets the raw code generator request output path.
    pub fn raw_code_generator_request_path<P>(&mut self, path: P) -> &mut Self
        where P: AsRef<Path>
    {
        self.raw_code_generator_request_path = Some(path.as_ref().to_path_buf());
        self
    }

    /// Generates Rust code according to a `schema_capnp::code_generator_request` read from `inp`.
    pub fn run<T>(&mut self, inp: T) -> ::capnp::Result<()>
        where T: std::io::Read
    {
        use capnp::serialize;
        use std::io::Write;

        let message = serialize::read_message(ReadWrapper { inner: inp }, capnp::message::ReaderOptions::new())?;

        let gen = GeneratorContext::new_with_default_parent_module(&self.default_parent_module[..], &message)?;

        for requested_file in gen.request.get_requested_files()?.iter() {
            let id = requested_file.get_id();
            let mut filepath = self.output_directory.to_path_buf();
            let requested = ::std::path::PathBuf::from(requested_file.get_filename()?);
            filepath.push(requested);
            if let Some(parent) = filepath.parent() {
                ::std::fs::create_dir_all(parent).map_err(convert_io_err)?;
            }

            let root_name = path_to_stem_string(&filepath)?.replace("-", "_");
            filepath.set_file_name(&format!("{}_capnp.rs", root_name));

            let lines = Branch(vec!(
                Line("// @generated by the capnpc-rust plugin to the Cap'n Proto schema compiler.".to_string()),
                Line("// DO NOT EDIT.".to_string()),
                Line(format!("// source: {}", requested_file.get_filename()?)),
                BlankLine,
                generate_node(&gen, id, &root_name, None)?));

            let text = stringify(&lines);

            let previous_text = ::std::fs::read(&filepath);
            if previous_text.is_ok() && previous_text.unwrap() == text.as_bytes() {
                // File is unchanged. Do not write it so that builds with the
                // output as part of the source work in read-only filesystems
                // and so timestamp-based build systems and watchers do not get
                // confused.
                continue;
            }

            // It would be simpler to use the ? operator instead of a pattern match, but then the error message
            // would not include `filepath`.
            match ::std::fs::File::create(&filepath) {
                Ok(ref mut writer) => {
                    writer.write_all(text.as_bytes()).map_err(convert_io_err)?;
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    let _ = writeln!(&mut ::std::io::stderr(),
                                     "could not open file {:?} for writing: {}", filepath, e);
                    return Err(convert_io_err(e));
                }
            }
        }

        if let Some(raw_code_generator_request) = &self.raw_code_generator_request_path {
            let raw_code_generator_request_file = ::std::fs::File::create(&raw_code_generator_request).map_err(convert_io_err)?;
            serialize::write_message_segments(WriteWrapper{ inner: raw_code_generator_request_file }, &message.into_segments())?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }
}

pub struct GeneratorContext<'a> {
    pub request: schema_capnp::code_generator_request::Reader<'a>,
    pub node_map: collections::hash_map::HashMap<u64, schema_capnp::node::Reader<'a>>,
    pub scope_map: collections::hash_map::HashMap<u64, Vec<String>>,
}

impl <'a> GeneratorContext<'a> {
    pub fn new(
        message:&'a capnp::message::Reader<capnp::serialize::OwnedSegments>)
        -> ::capnp::Result<GeneratorContext<'a>>
    {
        GeneratorContext::new_with_default_parent_module(&[], message)
    }

    fn new_with_default_parent_module(
        default_parent_module: &[String],
        message:&'a capnp::message::Reader<capnp::serialize::OwnedSegments>)
        -> ::capnp::Result<GeneratorContext<'a>>
    {
        let mut default_parent_module_scope = vec!["crate".to_string()];
        default_parent_module_scope.extend_from_slice(default_parent_module);

        let mut gen = GeneratorContext {
            request : message.get_root()?,
            node_map: collections::hash_map::HashMap::<u64, schema_capnp::node::Reader<'a>>::new(),
            scope_map: collections::hash_map::HashMap::<u64, Vec<String>>::new(),
        };

        for node in gen.request.get_nodes()?.iter() {
            gen.node_map.insert(node.get_id(), node);
        }

        for requested_file in gen.request.get_requested_files()?.iter() {
            let id = requested_file.get_id();

            let imports = requested_file.get_imports()?;
            for import in imports.iter() {
                let importpath = ::std::path::Path::new(import.get_name()?);
                let root_name: String = format!(
                    "{}_capnp",
                    path_to_stem_string(importpath)?.replace("-", "_"));
                populate_scope_map(&gen.node_map,
                                   &mut gen.scope_map,
                                   default_parent_module_scope.clone(),
                                   root_name,
                                   NameKind::Verbatim,
                                   import.get_id())?;
            }

            let root_name = path_to_stem_string(requested_file.get_filename()?)?;
            let root_mod = format!("{}_capnp", root_name.replace("-", "_"));
            populate_scope_map(&gen.node_map,
                               &mut gen.scope_map,
                               default_parent_module_scope.clone(),
                               root_mod,
                               NameKind::Verbatim,
                               id)?;
        }
        Ok(gen)
    }

    fn get_last_name<'b>(&'b self, id: u64) -> ::capnp::Result<&'b str> {
        match self.scope_map.get(&id) {
            None => Err(Error::failed(format!("node not found: {}", id))),
            Some(v) => match v.last() {
                None => Err(Error::failed(format!("node has no scope: {}", id))),
                Some(n) => Ok(&n),
            }
        }
    }
}

fn path_to_stem_string<P: AsRef<::std::path::Path>>(path: P) -> ::capnp::Result<String> {
    match path.as_ref().file_stem() {
        None => Err(Error::failed(format!("file has no stem: {:?}", path.as_ref()))),
        Some(stem) => {
            match stem.to_owned().into_string() {
                Err(os_string) => Err(Error::failed(format!("bad filename: {:?}", os_string))),
                Ok(s) => Ok(s),
            }
        }
    }
}

fn snake_to_upper_case(s: &str) -> String {
    let mut result_chars: Vec<char> = Vec::new();
    for c in s.chars() {
        if c == '_' {
            result_chars.push('_');
        } else {
            result_chars.push(c.to_ascii_uppercase());
        }
    }
    result_chars.into_iter().collect()
}

fn camel_to_snake_case(s: &str) -> String {
    let mut result_chars: Vec<char> = Vec::new();
    let mut first_char = true;
    for c in s.chars() {
        if c.is_uppercase() && !first_char {
            result_chars.push('_');
        }
        result_chars.push(c.to_ascii_lowercase());
        first_char = false;
    }
    result_chars.into_iter().collect()
}

fn capitalize_first_letter(s: &str) -> String {
    let mut result_chars: Vec<char> = Vec::new();
    for c in s.chars() { result_chars.push(c) }
    result_chars[0] = result_chars[0].to_ascii_uppercase();
    result_chars.into_iter().collect()
}

/// Formats a u64 into a string representation of the hex value, with
/// separating underscores. Used instead of simple hex formatting to prevent
/// clippy warnings in autogenerated code. This is loosely based off of
/// similar functionality in the `separator` crate.
fn format_u64(value: u64) -> String {
    let hex = format!("{:#x}", value);
    let mut separated = hex[0..2].to_string();
    let mut place = hex.len() - 2;
    let mut later_loop = false;

    for ch in hex[2..].chars() {
        if later_loop && place % 4 == 0 {
            separated.push('_');
        }

        separated.push(ch);
        later_loop = true;
        place -= 1;
    }

    separated
}

#[test]
fn test_camel_to_snake_case() {
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("fooBar"), "foo_bar".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("FooBar"), "foo_bar".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("fooBarBaz"), "foo_bar_baz".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("FooBarBaz"), "foo_bar_baz".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("helloWorld"), "hello_world".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("HelloWorld"), "hello_world".to_string());
    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("uint32Id"), "uint32_id".to_string());

    assert_eq!(camel_to_snake_case("fooBar_"), "foo_bar_".to_string());
}

#[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
pub enum FormattedText {
    Indent(Box<FormattedText>),
    Branch(Vec<FormattedText>),
    Line(String),
    BlankLine
}

fn to_lines(ft : &FormattedText, indent : usize) -> Vec<String> {
    match *ft {
        Indent (ref ft) => {
            return to_lines(&**ft, indent + 1);
        }
        Branch (ref fts) => {
            let mut result = Vec::new();
            for ft in fts.iter() {
                for line in to_lines(ft, indent).iter() {
                    result.push(line.clone());  // TODO there's probably a better way to do this.
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        Line(ref s) => {
            let mut s1 : String = ::std::iter::repeat(' ').take(indent * 2).collect();
            s1.push_str(&s);
            return vec!(s1.to_string());
        }
        BlankLine => return vec!("".to_string())
    }
}

fn stringify(ft: &FormattedText) -> String {
    let mut result = to_lines(ft, 0).join("\n");
    result.push_str("\n");
    result.to_string()
}

const RUST_KEYWORDS : [&'static str; 53] =
    ["abstract", "alignof", "as", "be", "become",
     "box", "break", "const", "continue", "crate",
     "do", "else", "enum", "extern", "false",
     "final", "fn", "for", "if", "impl",
     "in", "let", "loop", "macro", "match",
     "mod", "move", "mut", "offsetof", "once",
     "override", "priv", "proc", "pub", "pure",
     "ref", "return", "self", "sizeof", "static",
     "struct", "super", "trait", "true", "type",
     "typeof", "unsafe", "unsized", "use", "virtual",
     "where", "while", "yield"];

fn module_name(camel_case: &str) -> String {
    let mut name = camel_to_snake_case(camel_case);
    if RUST_KEYWORDS.contains(&&*name) {
        name.push('_');
    }
    name
}

// Annotation IDs, as defined in rust.capnp.
const NAME_ANNOTATION_ID: u64 = 0xc2fe4c6d100166d0;
const PARENT_MODULE_ANNOTATION_ID: u64 = 0xabee386cd1450364;

fn name_annotation_value(annotation: schema_capnp::annotation::Reader) -> capnp::Result<&str> {
    if let schema_capnp::value::Text(t) = annotation.get_value()?.which()? {
        let name = t?;
        for c in name.chars() {
            if !(c == '_' || c.is_alphanumeric()) {
                return Err(capnp::Error::failed(
                    format!("rust.name annotation value must only contain alphanumeric characters and '_'")))
            }
        }
        Ok(name)
    } else {
        Err(capnp::Error::failed(format!("expected rust.name annotation value to be of type Text")))
    }
}

fn get_field_name(field: schema_capnp::field::Reader) -> capnp::Result<&str> {
    for annotation in field.get_annotations()?.iter() {
        if annotation.get_id() == NAME_ANNOTATION_ID {
            return name_annotation_value(annotation);
        }
    }
    field.get_name()
}

fn get_enumerant_name(enumerant: schema_capnp::enumerant::Reader) -> capnp::Result<&str> {
    for annotation in enumerant.get_annotations()?.iter() {
        if annotation.get_id() == NAME_ANNOTATION_ID {
            return name_annotation_value(annotation);
        }
    }
    enumerant.get_name()
}

fn get_parent_module(annotation: schema_capnp::annotation::Reader) -> capnp::Result<Vec<String>> {
    if let schema_capnp::value::Text(t) = annotation.get_value()?.which()? {
        let module = t?;
        Ok(module.split("::").map(|x| x.to_string()).collect())
    } else {
        Err(capnp::Error::failed(format!("expected rust.parentModule annotation value to be of type Text")))
    }
}

enum NameKind {
    // convert camel case to snake case, and avoid Rust keywords
    Module,

    // don't modify
    Verbatim,
}

fn capnp_name_to_rust_name(capnp_name: &str, name_kind: NameKind) -> String {
    match name_kind {
        NameKind::Module => module_name(capnp_name),
        NameKind::Verbatim => capnp_name.to_string(),
    }
}

fn populate_scope_map(node_map: &collections::hash_map::HashMap<u64, schema_capnp::node::Reader>,
                      scope_map: &mut collections::hash_map::HashMap<u64, Vec<String>>,
                      mut ancestor_scope_names: Vec<String>,
                      mut current_node_name: String,
                      current_name_kind: NameKind,
                      node_id: u64) -> ::capnp::Result<()> {
    // unused nodes in imported files might be omitted from the node map
    let node_reader = match node_map.get(&node_id) { Some(node) => node, None => return Ok(()), };

    for annotation in node_reader.get_annotations()?.iter() {
        if annotation.get_id() == NAME_ANNOTATION_ID {
            current_node_name = name_annotation_value(annotation)?.to_string();
        } else if annotation.get_id() == PARENT_MODULE_ANNOTATION_ID {
            ancestor_scope_names = vec!["crate".to_string()];
            ancestor_scope_names.append(&mut get_parent_module(annotation)?);
        }
    }

    let mut scope_names = ancestor_scope_names;
    scope_names.push(capnp_name_to_rust_name(&current_node_name, current_name_kind));

    scope_map.insert(node_id, scope_names.clone());

    let nested_nodes = node_reader.get_nested_nodes()?;
    for nested_node in nested_nodes.iter(){
        let nested_node_id = nested_node.get_id();
        match node_map.get(&nested_node_id) {
            None => {}
            Some(node_reader) => {
                match node_reader.which() {
                    Ok(schema_capnp::node::Enum(_enum_reader)) => {
                        populate_scope_map(node_map,
                                           scope_map,
                                           scope_names.clone(),
                                           nested_node.get_name()?.to_string(),
                                           NameKind::Verbatim,
                                           nested_node_id)?;
                    }
                    _ => {
                        populate_scope_map(node_map,
                                           scope_map,
                                           scope_names.clone(),
                                           nested_node.get_name()?.to_string(),
                                           NameKind::Module,
                                           nested_node_id)?;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    match node_reader.which() {
        Ok(schema_capnp::node::Struct(struct_reader)) => {
            let fields = struct_reader.get_fields()?;
            for field in fields.iter() {
                match field.which() {
                    Ok(schema_capnp::field::Group(group)) => {
                        populate_scope_map(node_map,
                                           scope_map,
                                           scope_names.clone(),
                                           get_field_name(field)?.to_string(),
                                           NameKind::Module,
                                           group.get_type_id())?;
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }
        _ => {  }
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn prim_default(value: &schema_capnp::value::Reader) -> ::capnp::Result<Option<String>> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::value;
    match value.which()? {
        value::Bool(false) |
        value::Int8(0) | value::Int16(0) | value::Int32(0) |
        value::Int64(0) | value::Uint8(0) | value::Uint16(0) |
        value::Uint32(0) | value::Uint64(0) => Ok(None),

        value::Bool(true) => Ok(Some(format!("true"))),
        value::Int8(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Int16(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Int32(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Int64(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Uint8(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Uint16(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Uint32(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Uint64(i) => Ok(Some(i.to_string())),
        value::Float32(f) =>
            match f.classify() {
                ::std::num::FpCategory::Zero => Ok(None),
                _ => Ok(Some(format!("{}u32", f.to_bits().to_string())))
            },
        value::Float64(f) =>
            match f.classify() {
                ::std::num::FpCategory::Zero => Ok(None),
                _ => Ok(Some(format!("{}u64", f.to_bits().to_string())))
            },
        _ => Err(Error::failed("Non-primitive value found where primitive was expected.".to_string())),
    }
}

// Gets the full list ordered of generic parameters for a node. Outer scopes come first.
fn get_params(gen: &GeneratorContext,
              mut node_id: u64) -> ::capnp::Result<Vec<String>> {
    let mut result = Vec::new();

    while node_id != 0 {
        let node = gen.node_map[&node_id];
        let parameters = node.get_parameters()?;

        for idx in 0 .. parameters.len() {
            result.push(parameters.get(parameters.len() - 1 - idx).get_name()?.into());
        }

        node_id = node.get_scope_id();
    }

    result.reverse();
    Ok(result)
}

//
// Returns (type, getter body, default_decl)
//
pub fn getter_text(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                   field: &schema_capnp::field::Reader,
                   is_reader: bool,
                   is_fn: bool)
                   -> ::capnp::Result<(String, FormattedText, Option<FormattedText>)> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::*;

    match field.which()? {
        field::Group(group) => {
            let params = get_params(gen, group.get_type_id())?;
            let params_string = if params.is_empty() {
                "".to_string()
            } else {
                format!(",{}", params.join(","))
            };

            let the_mod = gen.scope_map[&group.get_type_id()].join("::");

            let mut result_type = if is_reader {
                format!("{}::Reader<'a{}>", the_mod, params_string)
            } else {
                format!("{}::Builder<'a{}>", the_mod, params_string)
            };

            if is_fn {
                result_type = format!("-> {}", result_type);
            }

            let getter_code = if is_reader {
                Line("::capnp::traits::FromStructReader::new(self.reader)".to_string())
            } else {
                Line("::capnp::traits::FromStructBuilder::new(self.builder)".to_string())
            };

            Ok((result_type, getter_code, None))
        }
        field::Slot(reg_field) => {
            let mut default_decl = None;
            let offset = reg_field.get_offset() as usize;
            let module_string = if is_reader { "Reader" } else { "Builder" };
            let module = if is_reader { Leaf::Reader("'a") } else { Leaf::Builder("'a") };
            let member = camel_to_snake_case(&*format!("{}", module_string));

            fn primitive_case<T: PartialEq + ::std::fmt::Display>(typ: &str, member:String,
                    offset: usize, default: T, zero: T) -> FormattedText {
                if default == zero {
                    Line(format!("self.{}.get_data_field::<{}>({})", member, typ, offset))
                } else {
                    Line(format!("self.{}.get_data_field_mask::<{typ}>({}, {})", member, offset, default, typ=typ))
                }
            }

            let raw_type = reg_field.get_type()?;
            let typ = raw_type.type_string(gen, module)?;
            let default_value = reg_field.get_default_value()?;
            let default = default_value.which()?;
            let default_name = format!("DEFAULT_{}", snake_to_upper_case(&camel_to_snake_case(get_field_name(*field)?)));

            let mut result_type = match raw_type.which()? {
                type_::Enum(_) => format!("::core::result::Result<{},::capnp::NotInSchema>", typ),
                type_::AnyPointer(_) if !raw_type.is_parameter()? => typ.clone(),
                type_::Interface(_) => {
                    format!("::capnp::Result<{}>", raw_type.type_string(gen, Leaf::Client)?)
                }
                _ if raw_type.is_prim()? => typ.clone(),
                _ => format!("::capnp::Result<{}>", typ),
            };

            if is_fn {
                result_type = if result_type == "()" {
                    "".to_string()
                } else {
                    format!("-> {}", result_type)
                }
            }

            let getter_code = match (raw_type.which()?, default) {
                (type_::Void(()), value::Void(())) => {
                    if is_fn {
                        Line("".to_string())
                    } else {
                        Line("()".to_string())
                    }
                },
                (type_::Bool(()), value::Bool(b)) => {
                    if b {
                        Line(format!("self.{}.get_bool_field_mask({}, true)", member, offset))
                    } else {
                        Line(format!("self.{}.get_bool_field({})", member, offset))
                    }
                }
                (type_::Int8(()), value::Int8(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Int16(()), value::Int16(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Int32(()), value::Int32(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Int64(()), value::Int64(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Uint8(()), value::Uint8(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Uint16(()), value::Uint16(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Uint32(()), value::Uint32(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Uint64(()), value::Uint64(i)) => primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, i, 0),
                (type_::Float32(()), value::Float32(f)) =>
                    primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, f.to_bits(), 0),
                (type_::Float64(()), value::Float64(f)) =>
                    primitive_case(&*typ, member, offset, f.to_bits(), 0),
                (type_::Enum(_), value::Enum(d)) => {
                    if d == 0 {
                        Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromU16::from_u16(self.{}.get_data_field::<u16>({}))",
                                     member, offset))
                    } else {
                        Line(
                            format!(
                                "::capnp::traits::FromU16::from_u16(self.{}.get_data_field_mask::<u16>({}, {}))",
                                member, offset, d))
                    }
                }

                (type_::Text(()), value::Text(_)) |
                (type_::Data(()), value::Data(_)) |
                (type_::List(_), value::List(_)) |
                (type_::Struct(_), value::Struct(_)) => {
                    let default = if reg_field.get_had_explicit_default() {
                        default_decl = Some(crate::pointer_constants::word_array_declaration(
                            &default_name,
                            ::capnp::raw::get_struct_pointer_section(default_value).get(0),
                            crate::pointer_constants::WordArrayDeclarationOptions {public: true, omit_first_word: false})?);
                        format!("Some(&_private::{}[..])", default_name)
                    } else {
                        "::core::option::Option::None".to_string()
                    };

                    if is_reader {
                        Line(format!(
                            "::capnp::traits::FromPointerReader::get_from_pointer(&self.{}.get_pointer_field({}), {})",
                            member, offset, default))
                    } else {
                        Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder::get_from_pointer(self.{}.get_pointer_field({}), {})",
                                     member, offset, default))

                    }
                }

                (type_::Interface(_), value::Interface(_)) => {
                    Line(format!("match self.{}.get_pointer_field({}).get_capability() {{ ::core::result::Result::Ok(c) => ::core::result::Result::Ok(::capnp::capability::FromClientHook::new(c)), ::core::result::Result::Err(e) => ::core::result::Result::Err(e)}}",
                                 member, offset))
                }
                (type_::AnyPointer(_), value::AnyPointer(_)) => {
                    if !raw_type.is_parameter()? {
                        Line(format!("::capnp::any_pointer::{}::new(self.{}.get_pointer_field({}))", module_string, member, offset))
                    } else {
                        if is_reader {
                            Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromPointerReader::get_from_pointer(&self.{}.get_pointer_field({}), ::core::option::Option::None)", member, offset))
                        } else {
                            Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder::get_from_pointer(self.{}.get_pointer_field({}), ::core::option::Option::None)", member, offset))
                        }
                    }
                }
                _ => return Err(Error::failed(format!("default value was of wrong type"))),
            };
            Ok((result_type, getter_code, default_decl))
        }
    }
}

fn zero_fields_of_group(gen: &GeneratorContext, node_id: u64) -> ::capnp::Result<FormattedText> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::{node, field, type_};
    match gen.node_map[&node_id].which()? {
        node::Struct(st) => {
            let mut result = Vec::new();
            if st.get_discriminant_count() != 0 {
                result.push(
                    Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<u16>({}, 0);",
                                 st.get_discriminant_offset())));
            }
            let fields = st.get_fields()?;
            for field in fields.iter() {
                match field.which()? {
                    field::Group(group) => {
                        result.push(zero_fields_of_group(gen, group.get_type_id())?);
                    }
                    field::Slot(slot) => {
                        let typ = slot.get_type()?.which()?;
                        match typ {
                            type_::Void(()) => {}
                            type_::Bool(()) => {
                                let line = Line(format!("self.builder.set_bool_field({}, false);",
                                                        slot.get_offset()));
                                // PERF could dedup more efficiently
                                if !result.contains(&line) { result.push(line) }
                            }
                            type_::Int8(()) |
                            type_::Int16(()) | type_::Int32(()) | type_::Int64(()) |
                            type_::Uint8(()) | type_::Uint16(()) | type_::Uint32(()) |
                            type_::Uint64(()) | type_::Float32(()) | type_::Float64(()) => {
                                let line = Line(format!(
                                    "self.builder.set_data_field::<{0}>({1}, 0{0});",
                                    slot.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?,
                                    slot.get_offset()));
                                // PERF could dedup more efficiently
                                if !result.contains(&line) { result.push(line) }
                            }
                            type_::Enum(_) => {
                                let line = Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<u16>({}, 0u16);",
                                                        slot.get_offset()));
                                // PERF could dedup more efficiently
                                if !result.contains(&line) { result.push(line) }
                            }
                            type_::Struct(_) | type_::List(_) | type_::Text(()) | type_::Data(()) |
                            type_::AnyPointer(_) |
                            type_::Interface(_) // Is this the right thing to do for interfaces?
                                => {
                                    let line = Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).clear();",
                                                            slot.get_offset()));
                                    // PERF could dedup more efficiently
                                    if !result.contains(&line) { result.push(line) }
                                }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            Ok(Branch(result))
        }
        _ => Err(Error::failed(format!("zero_fields_of_groupd() expected a struct"))),
    }
}

fn generate_setter(gen: &GeneratorContext, discriminant_offset: u32,
                   styled_name: &str,
                   field: &schema_capnp::field::Reader) -> ::capnp::Result<FormattedText> {

    use crate::schema_capnp::*;

    let mut setter_interior = Vec::new();
    let mut setter_param = "value".to_string();
    let mut initter_interior = Vec::new();
    let mut initn_interior = Vec::new();
    let mut initter_params = Vec::new();

    let discriminant_value = field.get_discriminant_value();
    if discriminant_value != field::NO_DISCRIMINANT {
        setter_interior.push(
            Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<u16>({}, {});",
                         discriminant_offset as usize,
                         discriminant_value as usize)));
        let init_discrim = Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<u16>({}, {});",
                                        discriminant_offset as usize,
                                        discriminant_value as usize));
        initter_interior.push(init_discrim.clone());
        initn_interior.push(init_discrim);
    }

    let mut return_result = false;
    let mut result = Vec::new();

    let (maybe_reader_type, maybe_builder_type) : (Option<String>, Option<String>) = match field.which()? {
        field::Group(group) => {
            let params = get_params(gen, group.get_type_id())?;
            let params_string = if params.is_empty() {
                "".to_string()
            } else {
                format!(",{}", params.join(","))
            };

            let scope = &gen.scope_map[&group.get_type_id()];
            let the_mod = scope.join("::");

            initter_interior.push(zero_fields_of_group(gen, group.get_type_id())?);

            initter_interior.push(Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromStructBuilder::new(self.builder)")));

            (None, Some(format!("{}::Builder<'a{}>", the_mod, params_string)))
        }
        field::Slot(reg_field) => {
            let offset = reg_field.get_offset() as usize;
            let typ = reg_field.get_type()?;
            match typ.which().ok().expect("unrecognized type") {
                type_::Void(()) => {
                    setter_param = "_value".to_string();
                    (Some("()".to_string()), None)
                }
                type_::Bool(()) => {
                    match prim_default(&reg_field.get_default_value()?)? {
                        None => {
                            setter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.set_bool_field({}, value);", offset)));
                        }
                        Some(s) => {
                            setter_interior.push(
                                Line(format!("self.builder.set_bool_field_mask({}, value, {});", offset, s)));
                        }
                    }
                    (Some("bool".to_string()), None)
                }
                _ if typ.is_prim()? => {
                    let tstr = typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'a"))?;
                    match prim_default(&reg_field.get_default_value()?)? {
                        None => {
                            setter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<{}>({}, value);",
                                                              tstr, offset)));
                        }
                        Some(s) => {
                            setter_interior.push(
                                Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field_mask::<{}>({}, value, {});",
                                             tstr, offset, s)));
                        }
                    };
                    (Some(tstr), None)
                }
                type_::Text(()) => {
                    setter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).set_text(value);",
                                                      offset)));
                    initter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).init_text(size)",
                                                       offset)));
                    initter_params.push("size: u32");
                    (Some("::capnp::text::Reader<'_>".to_string()), Some("::capnp::text::Builder<'a>".to_string()))
                }
                type_::Data(()) => {
                    setter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).set_data(value);",
                                                      offset)));
                    initter_interior.push(Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).init_data(size)",
                                                       offset)));
                    initter_params.push("size: u32");
                    (Some("::capnp::data::Reader<'_>".to_string()), Some("::capnp::data::Builder<'a>".to_string()))
                }
                type_::List(ot1) => {
                    return_result = true;
                    setter_interior.push(
                        Line(format!("::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder::set_pointer_builder(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), value, false)",
                                     offset)));

                    initter_params.push("size: u32");
                    initter_interior.push(
                        Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder::init_pointer(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), size)", offset)));

                    match ot1.get_element_type()?.which()? {
                        type_::List(_) => {
                            (Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'_"))?),
                             Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?))
                        }
                        _ =>
                            (Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'a"))?),
                             Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?))
                    }
                }
                type_::Enum(e) => {
                    let id = e.get_type_id();
                    let the_mod = gen.scope_map[&id].join("::");
                    setter_interior.push(
                        Line(format!("self.builder.set_data_field::<u16>({}, value as u16)",
                                     offset)));
                    (Some(format!("{}", the_mod)), None)
                }
                type_::Struct(_) => {
                    return_result = true;
                    initter_interior.push(
                      Line(format!("::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder::init_pointer(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), 0)",
                                   offset)));
                    if typ.is_branded()? {
                        setter_interior.push(
                            Line(format!(
                                "<{} as ::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder>::set_pointer_builder(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), value, false)",
                                typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'_"))?,
                                offset)));
                        (Some(typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'_"))?),
                         Some(typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?))
                    } else {
                        setter_interior.push(
                            Line(format!("::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder::set_pointer_builder(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), value, false)", offset)));
                        (Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'_"))?),
                         Some(reg_field.get_type()?.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?))
                    }
                }
                type_::Interface(_) => {
                    setter_interior.push(
                        Line(format!("self.builder.get_pointer_field({}).set_capability(value.client.hook);",
                                     offset)));
                    (Some(typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Client)?), None)
                }
                type_::AnyPointer(_) => {
                    if typ.is_parameter()? {
                        initter_interior.push(Line(format!("::capnp::any_pointer::Builder::new(self.builder.get_pointer_field({})).init_as()", offset)));
                        setter_interior.push(Line(format!("::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder::set_pointer_builder(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}), value, false)", offset)));
                        return_result = true;

                        let builder_type = typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Builder("'a"))?;

                        result.push(Line("#[inline]".to_string()));
                        result.push(Line(format!("pub fn initn_{}(self, length: u32) -> {} {{",
                                                 styled_name, builder_type)));
                        result.push(Indent(Box::new(Branch(initn_interior))));
                        result.push(Indent(Box::new(
                            Line(format!("::capnp::any_pointer::Builder::new(self.builder.get_pointer_field({})).initn_as(length)", offset)))));
                        result.push(Line("}".to_string()));


                        (Some(typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Reader("'_"))?), Some(builder_type))
                    } else {
                        initter_interior.push(Line(format!("let mut result = ::capnp::any_pointer::Builder::new(self.builder.get_pointer_field({}));",
                                                   offset)));
                        initter_interior.push(Line("result.clear();".to_string()));
                        initter_interior.push(Line("result".to_string()));
                        (None, Some("::capnp::any_pointer::Builder<'a>".to_string()))
                    }
                }
                _ => return Err(Error::failed(format!("unrecognized type"))),
            }
        }
    };

    match maybe_reader_type {
        Some(ref reader_type) => {
            let return_type = if return_result { "-> ::capnp::Result<()>" } else { "" };
            result.push(Line("#[inline]".to_string()));
            result.push(Line(format!("pub fn set_{}(&mut self, {}: {}) {} {{",
                                     styled_name, setter_param,
                                     reader_type, return_type)));
            result.push(Indent(Box::new(Branch(setter_interior))));
            result.push(Line("}".to_string()));
        }
        None => {}
    }
    match maybe_builder_type {
        Some(builder_type) => {
            result.push(Line("#[inline]".to_string()));
            let args = initter_params.join(", ");
            result.push(Line(format!("pub fn init_{}(self, {}) -> {} {{",
                                     styled_name, args, builder_type)));
            result.push(Indent(Box::new(Branch(initter_interior))));
            result.push(Line("}".to_string()));
        }
        None => {}
    }
    Ok(Branch(result))
}

fn used_params_of_group(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                        group_id: u64,
                        used_params: &mut HashSet<String>) -> capnp::Result<()> {
    let node = gen.node_map[&group_id];
    match node.which()? {
        schema_capnp::node::Struct(st) => {
            for field in st.get_fields()?.iter() {
                match field.which()? {
                    schema_capnp::field::Group(group) => {
                        used_params_of_group(gen, group.get_type_id(), used_params)?;
                    }
                    schema_capnp::field::Slot(slot) => {
                        used_params_of_type(gen, slot.get_type()?, used_params)?;
                    }
                }
            }
            Ok(())
        },
        _ => Err(Error::failed("not a group".to_string()))
    }
}

fn used_params_of_type(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                       ty: schema_capnp::type_::Reader,
                       used_params: &mut HashSet<String>) -> capnp::Result<()> {
    use schema_capnp::type_;
    match ty.which()? {
        type_::List(ls) => {
            let et = ls.get_element_type()?;
            used_params_of_type(gen, et, used_params)?;
        },
        type_::Enum(e) => {
            let node_id = e.get_type_id();
            let brand = e.get_brand()?;
            used_params_of_brand(gen, node_id, brand, used_params)?;
        },
        type_::Struct(s) => {
            let node_id = s.get_type_id();
            let brand = s.get_brand()?;
            used_params_of_brand(gen, node_id, brand, used_params)?;
        },
        type_::Interface(i) => {
            let node_id = i.get_type_id();
            let brand = i.get_brand()?;
            used_params_of_brand(gen, node_id, brand, used_params)?;
        },
        type_::AnyPointer(ap) => {
            match ap.which()? {
                type_::any_pointer::Parameter(def) => {
                    let the_struct = &gen.node_map[&def.get_scope_id()];
                    let parameters = the_struct.get_parameters()?;
                    let parameter = parameters.get(def.get_parameter_index() as u32);
                    let parameter_name = parameter.get_name()?;
                    used_params.insert(parameter_name.to_string());
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }
        _ => (),
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn used_params_of_brand(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                        node_id: u64,
                        brand: schema_capnp::brand::Reader,
                        used_params: &mut HashSet<String>) -> capnp::Result<()> {
    use schema_capnp::brand;
    let scopes = brand.get_scopes()?;
    let mut brand_scopes = HashMap::new();
    for scope in scopes.iter() {
        brand_scopes.insert(scope.get_scope_id(), scope);
    }
    let brand_scopes = brand_scopes; // freeze
    let mut current_node_id = node_id;
    loop {
        let current_node = match gen.node_map.get(&current_node_id) {
            None => break,
            Some(node) => node,
        };
        let params = current_node.get_parameters()?;
        match brand_scopes.get(&current_node_id) {
            None => (),
            Some(scope) => {
                match scope.which()? {
                    brand::scope::Inherit(()) => {
                        for param in params.iter() {
                            used_params.insert(param.get_name()?.to_string());
                        }
                    }
                    brand::scope::Bind(bindings_list_opt) => {
                        let bindings_list = bindings_list_opt?;
                        assert_eq!(bindings_list.len(), params.len());
                        for binding in bindings_list.iter() {
                            match binding.which()? {
                                brand::binding::Unbound(()) => (),
                                brand::binding::Type(t) => {
                                    used_params_of_type(gen, t?, used_params)?;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        current_node_id = current_node.get_scope_id();
    }
    Ok(())
}

// return (the 'Which' enum, the 'which()' accessor, typedef, default_decls)
fn generate_union(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                  discriminant_offset: u32,
                  fields: &[schema_capnp::field::Reader],
                  is_reader: bool,
                  params: &TypeParameterTexts)
                  -> ::capnp::Result<(FormattedText, FormattedText, FormattedText, Vec<FormattedText>)>
{
    use crate::schema_capnp::*;

    fn new_ty_param(ty_params: &mut Vec<String>) -> String {
        let result = format!("A{}", ty_params.len());
        ty_params.push(result.clone());
        result
    }

    let mut getter_interior = Vec::new();
    let mut interior = Vec::new();
    let mut enum_interior = Vec::new();
    let mut default_decls = Vec::new();

    let mut ty_params = Vec::new();
    let mut ty_args = Vec::new();

    let mut used_params : HashSet<String> = HashSet::new();

    let doffset = discriminant_offset as usize;

    for field in fields.iter() {

        let dvalue = field.get_discriminant_value() as usize;

        let field_name = get_field_name(*field)?;
        let enumerant_name = capitalize_first_letter(field_name);

        let (ty, get, maybe_default_decl) = getter_text(gen, field, is_reader, false)?;
        if let Some(default_decl) = maybe_default_decl {
            default_decls.push(default_decl)
        }

        getter_interior.push(Branch(vec![
            Line(format!("{} => {{", dvalue)),
            Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("::core::result::Result::Ok({}(", enumerant_name.clone())))),
            Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(get)))),
            Indent(Box::new(Line("))".to_string()))),
            Line("}".to_string())
        ]));

        let ty1 = match field.which() {
            Ok(field::Group(group)) => {
                used_params_of_group(gen, group.get_type_id(), &mut used_params)?;
                ty_args.push(ty);
                new_ty_param(&mut ty_params)
            }
            Ok(field::Slot(reg_field)) => {
                let fty = reg_field.get_type()?;
                used_params_of_type(gen, fty, &mut used_params)?;
                match fty.which() {
                    Ok(type_::Text(())) | Ok(type_::Data(())) |
                    Ok(type_::List(_)) | Ok(type_::Struct(_)) |
                    Ok(type_::AnyPointer(_)) => {
                        ty_args.push(ty);
                        new_ty_param(&mut ty_params)
                    }
                    Ok(type_::Interface(_)) => {
                        ty
                    }
                    _ => ty
                }
            }
            _ => ty
        };

        enum_interior.push(Line(format!("{}({}),", enumerant_name, ty1)));
    }

    let enum_name = format!("Which{}",
                            if ty_params.len() > 0 { format!("<{}>", ty_params.join(",")) }
                            else {"".to_string()} );


    getter_interior.push(Line("x => ::core::result::Result::Err(::capnp::NotInSchema(x))".to_string()));

    interior.push(
        Branch(vec!(Line(format!("pub enum {} {{", enum_name)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Branch(enum_interior))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

    let result = Branch(interior);

    let field_name = if is_reader { "reader" } else { "builder" };

    let concrete_type =
            format!("Which{}{}",
                    if is_reader {"Reader"} else {"Builder"},
                    if ty_params.len() > 0 {
                        format!("<'a,{}>",
                                params.expanded_list
                                .iter()
                                .filter(|s: &&String| used_params.contains(*s))
                                .map(|s| s.clone())
                                .collect::<Vec<String>>().join(","))
                    } else { "".to_string() });

    let typedef =
        Line(format!("pub type {} = Which{};",
                     concrete_type,
                     if ty_args.len() > 0 {format!("<{}>",
                                                   ty_args.join(","))} else {"".to_string()}));

    let getter_result =
        Branch(vec!(Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                    Line(format!("pub fn which(self) -> ::core::result::Result<{}, ::capnp::NotInSchema> {{",
                                 concrete_type)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("match self.{}.get_data_field::<u16>({}) {{", field_name, doffset)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(getter_interior))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                    Line("}".to_string())));

    // TODO set_which() for builders?

    Ok((result, getter_result, typedef, default_decls))
}

fn generate_haser(discriminant_offset: u32,
                  styled_name: &str,
                  field: &schema_capnp::field::Reader,
                  is_reader: bool) -> ::capnp::Result<FormattedText> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::*;

    let mut result = Vec::new();
    let mut interior = Vec::new();
    let member = if is_reader { "reader" } else { "builder" };

    let discriminant_value = field.get_discriminant_value();
    if discriminant_value != field::NO_DISCRIMINANT {
       interior.push(
            Line(format!("if self.{}.get_data_field::<u16>({}) != {} {{ return false; }}",
                         member,
                         discriminant_offset as usize,
                         discriminant_value as usize)));
    }
    match field.which() {
        Err(_) | Ok(field::Group(_)) => {},
        Ok(field::Slot(reg_field)) => {
            match reg_field.get_type()?.which()? {
                type_::Text(()) | type_::Data(()) |
                type_::List(_) | type_::Struct(_) |
                type_::AnyPointer(_) => {
                    interior.push(
                        Line(format!("!self.{}.get_pointer_field({}).is_null()",
                                     member, reg_field.get_offset())));
                    result.push(Line("#[inline]".to_string()));
                    result.push(
                        Line(format!("pub fn has_{}(&self) -> bool {{", styled_name)));
                    result.push(
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(interior))));
                    result.push(Line("}".to_string()));
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }
    }

    Ok(Branch(result))
}

fn generate_pipeline_getter(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                            field: schema_capnp::field::Reader) -> ::capnp::Result<FormattedText> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::{field, type_};

    let name = get_field_name(field)?;

    match field.which()? {
        field::Group(group) => {
            let params = get_params(gen, group.get_type_id())?;
            let params_string = if params.is_empty() {
                "".to_string()
            } else {
                format!("<{}>", params.join(","))
            };

            let the_mod = gen.scope_map[&group.get_type_id()].join("::");
            Ok(Branch(vec!(
                Line(format!("pub fn get_{}(&self) -> {}::Pipeline{} {{",
                             camel_to_snake_case(name),
                             the_mod,
                             params_string)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Line("::capnp::capability::FromTypelessPipeline::new(self._typeless.noop())".to_string()))),
                Line("}".to_string()))))
        }
        field::Slot(reg_field) => {
            let typ = reg_field.get_type()?;
            match typ.which()? {
                type_::Struct(_) | type_::AnyPointer(_) => {
                    Ok(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("pub fn get_{}(&self) -> {} {{",
                                     camel_to_snake_case(name),
                                     typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Pipeline)?)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(
                            format!("::capnp::capability::FromTypelessPipeline::new(self._typeless.get_pointer_field({}))",
                                    reg_field.get_offset())))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))
                }
                type_::Interface(_) => {
                    Ok(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("pub fn get_{}(&self) -> {} {{",
                                     camel_to_snake_case(name),
                                     typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Client)?)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(
                            format!("::capnp::capability::FromClientHook::new(self._typeless.get_pointer_field({}).as_cap())",
                                    reg_field.get_offset())))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))
                }
                _ => {
                    Ok(Branch(Vec::new()))
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// We need this to work around the fact that Rust does not allow typedefs
// with unused type parameters.
fn get_ty_params_of_brand(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                          brand: crate::schema_capnp::brand::Reader<>) -> ::capnp::Result<String>
{
    let mut acc = HashSet::new();
    get_ty_params_of_brand_helper(gen, &mut acc, brand)?;
    let mut result = String::new();
    for (scope_id, parameter_index) in acc.into_iter() {
        let node = gen.node_map[&scope_id];
        let p = node.get_parameters()?.get(parameter_index as u32);
        result.push_str(p.get_name()?);
        result.push_str(",");
    }

    Ok(result)
}

fn get_ty_params_of_type_helper(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                                accumulator: &mut HashSet<(u64, u16)>,
                                typ: crate::schema_capnp::type_::Reader<>)
    -> ::capnp::Result<()>
{
    use crate::schema_capnp::type_;
    match typ.which()? {
        type_::Void(()) | type_::Bool(()) |
        type_::Int8(()) | type_::Int16(()) |
        type_::Int32(()) | type_::Int64(()) |
        type_::Uint8(()) | type_::Uint16(()) |
        type_::Uint32(()) | type_::Uint64(()) |
        type_::Float32(()) | type_::Float64(()) |
        type_::Text(_) | type_::Data(_) => {}
        type_::AnyPointer(p) => {
            match p.which()? {
                type_::any_pointer::Unconstrained(_) => (),
                type_::any_pointer::Parameter(p) => {
                    accumulator.insert((p.get_scope_id(), p.get_parameter_index()));
                }
                type_::any_pointer::ImplicitMethodParameter(_) => {
                    // XXX
                }
            }
        }
        type_::List(list) => {
            get_ty_params_of_type_helper(
                gen, accumulator,
                list.get_element_type()?)?
        }
        type_::Enum(e) => {
            get_ty_params_of_brand_helper(gen, accumulator,
                                          e.get_brand()?)?;
        }
        type_::Struct(s) => {
            get_ty_params_of_brand_helper(gen, accumulator,
                                          s.get_brand()?)?;
        }
        type_::Interface(interf) => {
            get_ty_params_of_brand_helper(gen, accumulator,
                                          interf.get_brand()?)?;
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn get_ty_params_of_brand_helper(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                         accumulator: &mut HashSet<(u64, u16)>,
                         brand: crate::schema_capnp::brand::Reader<>)
                         -> ::capnp::Result<()>
{
    for scope in brand.get_scopes()?.iter() {
        let scope_id = scope.get_scope_id();
        match scope.which()? {
            crate::schema_capnp::brand::scope::Bind(bind) => {
                for binding in bind?.iter() {
                    match binding.which()? {
                        crate::schema_capnp::brand::binding::Unbound(()) => {}
                        crate::schema_capnp::brand::binding::Type(t) => {
                            get_ty_params_of_type_helper(gen, accumulator, t?)?
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            crate::schema_capnp::brand::scope::Inherit(()) => {
                let parameters = gen.node_map[&scope_id].get_parameters()?;
                for idx in 0..parameters.len() {
                    accumulator.insert((scope_id, idx as u16));
                }
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn generate_node(gen: &GeneratorContext,
                 node_id: u64,
                 node_name: &str,
                 // Ugh. We need this to deal with the anonymous Params and Results
                 // structs that go with RPC methods.
                 parent_node_id: Option<u64>,
                 ) -> ::capnp::Result<FormattedText> {
    use crate::schema_capnp::*;

    let mut output: Vec<FormattedText> = Vec::new();
    let mut nested_output: Vec<FormattedText> = Vec::new();

    let node_reader = &gen.node_map[&node_id];
    let nested_nodes = node_reader.get_nested_nodes()?;
    for nested_node in nested_nodes.iter() {
        let id = nested_node.get_id();
        nested_output.push(generate_node(gen, id, gen.get_last_name(id)?, None)?);
    }

    match node_reader.which()? {
        node::File(()) => {
            output.push(Branch(nested_output));
        }
        node::Struct(struct_reader) => {
            let params = node_reader.parameters_texts(gen, parent_node_id);
            output.push(BlankLine);

            let is_generic = node_reader.get_is_generic();
            if is_generic {
                output.push(Line(format!("pub mod {} {{ /* {} */", node_name, params.expanded_list.join(","))));
            } else {
                output.push(Line(format!("pub mod {} {{", node_name)));
            }
            let bracketed_params = if params.params == "" { "".to_string() } else { format!("<{}>", params.params) };

            let mut preamble = Vec::new();
            let mut builder_members = Vec::new();
            let mut reader_members = Vec::new();
            let mut union_fields = Vec::new();
            let mut which_enums = Vec::new();
            let mut pipeline_impl_interior = Vec::new();
            let mut private_mod_interior = Vec::new();

            let data_size = struct_reader.get_data_word_count();
            let pointer_size = struct_reader.get_pointer_count();
            let discriminant_count = struct_reader.get_discriminant_count();
            let discriminant_offset = struct_reader.get_discriminant_offset();

            let fields = struct_reader.get_fields()?;
            for field in fields.iter() {
                let name = get_field_name(field)?;
                let styled_name = camel_to_snake_case(name);

                let discriminant_value = field.get_discriminant_value();
                let is_union_field = discriminant_value != field::NO_DISCRIMINANT;

                if !is_union_field {
                    pipeline_impl_interior.push(generate_pipeline_getter(gen, field)?);
                    let (ty, get, default_decl) = getter_text(gen, &field, true, true)?;
                    if let Some(default) = default_decl {
                        private_mod_interior.push(default.clone());
                    }
                    reader_members.push(
                        Branch(vec!(
                            Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                            Line(format!("pub fn get_{}(self) {} {{", styled_name, ty)),
                            Indent(Box::new(get)),
                            Line("}".to_string()))));

                    let (ty_b, get_b, _) = getter_text(gen, &field, false, true)?;
                    builder_members.push(
                        Branch(vec!(
                            Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                            Line(format!("pub fn get_{}(self) {} {{", styled_name, ty_b)),
                            Indent(Box::new(get_b)),
                            Line("}".to_string()))));

                } else {
                    union_fields.push(field);
                }

                builder_members.push(generate_setter(gen, discriminant_offset,
                                                     &styled_name, &field)?);

                reader_members.push(generate_haser(discriminant_offset, &styled_name, &field, true)?);
                builder_members.push(generate_haser(discriminant_offset, &styled_name, &field, false)?);

                match field.which() {
                    Ok(field::Group(group)) => {
                        let id = group.get_type_id();
                        let text = generate_node(gen, id,
                                                 gen.get_last_name(id)?, None)?;
                        nested_output.push(text);
                    }
                    _ => { }
                }
            }

            if discriminant_count > 0 {
                let (which_enums1, union_getter, typedef, mut default_decls) =
                    generate_union(gen, discriminant_offset, &union_fields, true, &params)?;
                which_enums.push(which_enums1);
                which_enums.push(typedef);
                reader_members.push(union_getter);

                private_mod_interior.append(&mut default_decls);

                let (_, union_getter, typedef, _) =
                    generate_union(gen, discriminant_offset, &union_fields, false, &params)?;
                which_enums.push(typedef);
                builder_members.push(union_getter);

                let mut reexports = String::new();
                reexports.push_str("pub use self::Which::{");
                let mut whichs = Vec::new();
                for f in union_fields.iter(){
                    whichs.push(capitalize_first_letter(get_field_name(*f)?));
                }
                reexports.push_str(&whichs.join(","));
                reexports.push_str("};");
                preamble.push(Line(reexports));
                preamble.push(BlankLine);
            }

            let builder_struct_size =
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::HasStructSize for Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                                 params.params, params.where_clause)),
                    Indent(Box::new(
                        Branch(vec!(Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                                    Line("fn struct_size() -> ::capnp::private::layout::StructSize { _private::STRUCT_SIZE }".to_string()))))),
                   Line("}".to_string())));


            private_mod_interior.push(
                Line(
                    "use capnp::private::layout;".to_string()));
            private_mod_interior.push(
                Line(
                    format!("pub const STRUCT_SIZE: layout::StructSize = layout::StructSize {{ data: {}, pointers: {} }};",
                            data_size as usize, pointer_size as usize)));
            private_mod_interior.push(
                Line(
                    format!("pub const TYPE_ID: u64 = {};", format_u64(node_id))));


            let from_pointer_builder_impl =
                Branch(vec![
                    Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder<'a> for Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{", params.params, params.where_clause)),
                    Indent(
                        Box::new(
                            Branch(vec!(
                                Line(format!("fn init_pointer(builder: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'a>, _size: u32) -> Builder<'a,{}> {{", params.params)),
                                Indent(Box::new(Line("::capnp::traits::FromStructBuilder::new(builder.init_struct(_private::STRUCT_SIZE))".to_string()))),
                                Line("}".to_string()),
                                Line(format!("fn get_from_pointer(builder: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'a>, default: ::core::option::Option<&'a [capnp::Word]>) -> ::capnp::Result<Builder<'a,{}>> {{", params.params)),
                                Indent(Box::new(Line("::core::result::Result::Ok(::capnp::traits::FromStructBuilder::new(builder.get_struct(_private::STRUCT_SIZE, default)?))".to_string()))),
                                Line("}".to_string()))))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    BlankLine]);

            let accessors = vec![
                Branch(preamble),
                (if !is_generic {
                    Branch(vec!(
                        Line("#[derive(Copy, Clone)]".into()),
                        Line("pub struct Owned(());".to_string()),
                        Line("impl <'a> ::capnp::traits::Owned<'a> for Owned { type Reader = Reader<'a>; type Builder = Builder<'a>; }".to_string()),
                        Line("impl <'a> ::capnp::traits::OwnedStruct<'a> for Owned { type Reader = Reader<'a>; type Builder = Builder<'a>; }".to_string()),
                        Line("impl ::capnp::traits::Pipelined for Owned { type Pipeline = Pipeline; }".to_string())
                    ))
                } else {
                    Branch(vec!(
                        Line("#[derive(Copy, Clone)]".into()),
                        Line(format!("pub struct Owned<{}> {{", params.params)),
                            Indent(Box::new(Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()),
                        Line(format!("impl <'a, {0}> ::capnp::traits::Owned<'a> for Owned <{0}> {1} {{ type Reader = Reader<'a, {0}>; type Builder = Builder<'a, {0}>; }}",
                            params.params, params.where_clause)),
                        Line(format!("impl <'a, {0}> ::capnp::traits::OwnedStruct<'a> for Owned <{0}> {1} {{ type Reader = Reader<'a, {0}>; type Builder = Builder<'a, {0}>; }}",
                            params.params, params.where_clause)),
                        Line(format!("impl <{0}> ::capnp::traits::Pipelined for Owned<{0}> {1} {{ type Pipeline = Pipeline{2}; }}",
                            params.params, params.where_clause, bracketed_params)),
                    ))
                }),
                BlankLine,
                Line("#[derive(Clone, Copy)]".to_string()),
                (if !is_generic {
                    Line("pub struct Reader<'a> { reader: ::capnp::private::layout::StructReader<'a> }".to_string())
                } else {
                    Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("pub struct Reader<'a,{}> {} {{", params.params, params.where_clause)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                            Line("reader: ::capnp::private::layout::StructReader<'a>,".to_string()),
                            Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone()),
                        )))),
                        Line("}".to_string())
                    ))
                }),
                BlankLine,
                Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::HasTypeId for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                            params.params, params.where_clause)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                                               Line("fn type_id() -> u64 { _private::TYPE_ID }".to_string()))))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))),
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromStructReader<'a> for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                            params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("fn new(reader: ::capnp::private::layout::StructReader<'a>) -> Reader<'a,{}> {{", params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("Reader {{ reader, {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromPointerReader<'a> for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("fn get_from_pointer(reader: &::capnp::private::layout::PointerReader<'a>, default: ::core::option::Option<&'a [capnp::Word]>) -> ::capnp::Result<Reader<'a,{}>> {{",params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("::core::result::Result::Ok(::capnp::traits::FromStructReader::new(reader.get_struct(default)?))".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::IntoInternalStructReader<'a> for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                            params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line("fn into_internal_struct_reader(self) -> ::capnp::private::layout::StructReader<'a> {".to_string()),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("self.reader".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::Imbue<'a> for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line("fn imbue(&mut self, cap_table: &'a ::capnp::private::layout::CapTable) {".to_string()),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("self.reader.imbue(::capnp::private::layout::CapTableReader::Plain(cap_table))".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{", params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec![
                        Line(format!("pub fn reborrow(&self) -> Reader<'_,{}> {{",params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("Reader { .. *self }".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()),
                        BlankLine,
                        Line("pub fn total_size(&self) -> ::capnp::Result<::capnp::MessageSize> {".to_string()),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("self.reader.total_size()".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string())]))),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(reader_members))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                (if !is_generic {
                    Line("pub struct Builder<'a> { builder: ::capnp::private::layout::StructBuilder<'a> }".to_string())
                } else {
                    Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("pub struct Builder<'a,{}> {} {{",
                                     params.params, params.where_clause)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                            Line("builder: ::capnp::private::layout::StructBuilder<'a>,".to_string()),
                            Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone()),
                        )))),
                        Line("}".to_string())
                    ))
                }),
                builder_struct_size,
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::HasTypeId for Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                                 params.params, params.where_clause)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line("#[inline]".to_string()),
                        Line("fn type_id() -> u64 { _private::TYPE_ID }".to_string()))))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))),
                Line(format!(
                    "impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromStructBuilder<'a> for Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("fn new(builder: ::capnp::private::layout::StructBuilder<'a>) -> Builder<'a, {}> {{", params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("Builder {{ builder, {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::ImbueMut<'a> for Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                             params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line("fn imbue_mut(&mut self, cap_table: &'a mut ::capnp::private::layout::CapTable) {".to_string()),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("self.builder.imbue(::capnp::private::layout::CapTableBuilder::Plain(cap_table))".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,

                from_pointer_builder_impl,
                Line(format!(
                    "impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder for Reader<'a,{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("fn set_pointer_builder<'b>(pointer: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'b>, value: Reader<'a,{}>, canonicalize: bool) -> ::capnp::Result<()> {{ pointer.set_struct(&value.reader, canonicalize) }}", params.params)))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> Builder<'a,{0}> {1} {{", params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec![
                        Line(format!("pub fn into_reader(self) -> Reader<'a,{}> {{", params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("::capnp::traits::FromStructReader::new(self.builder.into_reader())".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()),
                        Line(format!("pub fn reborrow(&mut self) -> Builder<'_,{}> {{", params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("Builder { .. *self }".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()),
                        Line(format!("pub fn reborrow_as_reader(&self) -> Reader<'_,{}> {{", params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("::capnp::traits::FromStructReader::new(self.builder.into_reader())".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string()),

                        BlankLine,
                        Line("pub fn total_size(&self) -> ::capnp::Result<::capnp::MessageSize> {".to_string()),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line("self.builder.into_reader().total_size()".to_string()))),
                        Line("}".to_string())
                        ]))),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(builder_members))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine,
                (if is_generic {
                    Branch(vec![
                        Line(format!("pub struct Pipeline{} {{", bracketed_params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec![
                            Line("_typeless: ::capnp::any_pointer::Pipeline,".to_string()),
                            Line(params.phantom_data_type),
                        ]))),
                        Line("}".to_string())
                    ])
                } else {
                    Line("pub struct Pipeline { _typeless: ::capnp::any_pointer::Pipeline }".to_string())
                }),
                Line(format!("impl{} ::capnp::capability::FromTypelessPipeline for Pipeline{} {{", bracketed_params, bracketed_params)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec!(
                        Line(format!("fn new(typeless: ::capnp::any_pointer::Pipeline) -> Pipeline{} {{", bracketed_params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("Pipeline {{ _typeless: typeless, {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))),
                        Line("}".to_string()))))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                Line(format!("impl{0} Pipeline{0} {1} {{", bracketed_params,
                             params.pipeline_where_clause)),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(pipeline_impl_interior))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                Line("mod _private {".to_string()),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(private_mod_interior))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
            ];

            output.push(Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec!(Branch(accessors),
                                                    Branch(which_enums),
                                                    Branch(nested_output))))));
            output.push(Line("}".to_string()));
        }

        node::Enum(enum_reader) => {
            let last_name = gen.get_last_name(node_id)?;
            output.push(BlankLine);

            let mut members = Vec::new();
            let mut match_branches = Vec::new();
            let enumerants = enum_reader.get_enumerants()?;
            for ii in 0..enumerants.len() {
                let enumerant = capitalize_first_letter(get_enumerant_name(enumerants.get(ii))?);
                members.push(Line(format!("{} = {},", enumerant, ii)));
                match_branches.push(
                    Line(format!("{} => ::core::result::Result::Ok({}::{}),", ii, last_name, enumerant)));
            }
            match_branches.push(Line("n => ::core::result::Result::Err(::capnp::NotInSchema(n)),".to_string()));

            output.push(Branch(vec!(
                Line("#[repr(u16)]".to_string()),
                Line("#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]".to_string()),
                Line(format!("pub enum {} {{", last_name)),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(members))),
                Line("}".to_string()))));

            output.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl ::capnp::traits::FromU16 for {} {{", last_name)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("#[inline]".to_string()))),
                    Indent(
                        Box::new(Branch(vec![
                            Line(format!(
                                "fn from_u16(value: u16) -> ::core::result::Result<{}, ::capnp::NotInSchema> {{",
                                last_name)),
                            Indent(
                                Box::new(Branch(vec![
                                    Line("match value {".to_string()),
                                    Indent(Box::new(Branch(match_branches))),
                                    Line("}".to_string())
                                        ]))),
                            Line("}".to_string())]))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    Line(format!("impl ::capnp::traits::ToU16 for {} {{", last_name)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("#[inline]".to_string()))),
                    Indent(
                        Box::new(Line("fn to_u16(self) -> u16 { self as u16 }".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

            output.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl ::capnp::traits::HasTypeId for {} {{", last_name)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("#[inline]".to_string()))),
                    Indent(
                        Box::new(Line(format!("fn type_id() -> u64 {{ {}u64 }}", format_u64(node_id)).to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));
        }

        node::Interface(interface) => {
            let params = node_reader.parameters_texts(gen, parent_node_id);
            output.push(BlankLine);

            let is_generic = node_reader.get_is_generic();

            let names = &gen.scope_map[&node_id];
            let mut client_impl_interior = Vec::new();
            let mut server_interior = Vec::new();
            let mut mod_interior = Vec::new();
            let mut dispatch_arms = Vec::new();
            let mut private_mod_interior = Vec::new();

            let bracketed_params = if params.params == "" { "".to_string() } else { format!("<{}>", params.params) };

            private_mod_interior.push(Line(format!("pub const TYPE_ID: u64 = {};", format_u64(node_id))));

            mod_interior.push(Line ("#![allow(unused_variables)]".to_string()));

            let methods = interface.get_methods()?;
            for ordinal in 0..methods.len() {
                let method = methods.get(ordinal);
                let name = method.get_name()?;

                method.get_code_order();
                let param_id = method.get_param_struct_type();
                let param_node = &gen.node_map[&param_id];
                let (param_scopes, params_ty_params) = if param_node.get_scope_id() == 0 {
                    let mut names = names.clone();
                    let local_name = module_name(&format!("{}Params", name));
                    nested_output.push(generate_node(gen, param_id, &*local_name, Some(node_id))?);
                    names.push(local_name);
                    (names, params.params.clone())
                } else {
                    (gen.scope_map[&param_node.get_id()].clone(),
                     get_ty_params_of_brand(gen, method.get_param_brand()?)?)
                };
                let param_type = do_branding(&gen, param_id, method.get_param_brand()?,
                                             Leaf::Owned, param_scopes.join("::"), Some(node_id))?;

                let result_id = method.get_result_struct_type();
                let result_node = &gen.node_map[&result_id];
                let (result_scopes, results_ty_params) = if result_node.get_scope_id() == 0 {
                    let mut names = names.clone();
                    let local_name = module_name(&format!("{}Results", name));
                    nested_output.push(generate_node(gen, result_id, &*local_name, Some(node_id))?);
                    names.push(local_name);
                    (names, params.params.clone())
                } else {
                    (gen.scope_map[&result_node.get_id()].clone(),
                     get_ty_params_of_brand(gen, method.get_result_brand()?)?)
                };
                let result_type = do_branding(&gen, result_id, method.get_result_brand()?,
                                              Leaf::Owned, result_scopes.join("::"), Some(node_id))?;

                dispatch_arms.push(
                    Line(format!(
                        "{} => server.{}(::capnp::private::capability::internal_get_typed_params(params), ::capnp::private::capability::internal_get_typed_results(results)),",
                        ordinal, module_name(name))));
                mod_interior.push(
                    Line(format!(
                        "pub type {}Params<{}> = ::capnp::capability::Params<{}>;",
                        capitalize_first_letter(name), params_ty_params, param_type)));
                mod_interior.push(
                    Line(format!(
                        "pub type {}Results<{}> = ::capnp::capability::Results<{}>;",
                        capitalize_first_letter(name), results_ty_params, result_type)));
                server_interior.push(
                    Line(format!(
                        "fn {}(&mut self, _: {}Params<{}>, _: {}Results<{}>) -> ::capnp::capability::Promise<(), ::capnp::Error> {{ ::capnp::capability::Promise::err(::capnp::Error::unimplemented(\"method {}::Server::{} not implemented\".to_string())) }}",
                        module_name(name),
                        capitalize_first_letter(name), params_ty_params,
                        capitalize_first_letter(name), results_ty_params,
                        node_name, module_name(name),
                    )));

                client_impl_interior.push(
                    Line(format!("pub fn {}_request(&self) -> ::capnp::capability::Request<{},{}> {{",
                                 camel_to_snake_case(name), param_type, result_type)));

                client_impl_interior.push(Indent(
                    Box::new(Line(format!("self.client.new_call(_private::TYPE_ID, {}, None)", ordinal)))));
                client_impl_interior.push(Line("}".to_string()));

                method.get_annotations()?;
            }

            let mut base_dispatch_arms = Vec::new();

            let server_base = {
                let mut base_traits = Vec::new();

                fn find_super_interfaces<'a>(
                  interface: crate::schema_capnp::node::interface::Reader<'a>,
                  all_extends: &mut Vec<<crate::schema_capnp::superclass::Owned as capnp::traits::OwnedStruct<'a>>::Reader>,
                  gen: &GeneratorContext<'a>
                ) -> ::capnp::Result<()>{
                    let extends = interface.get_superclasses()?;
                    for ii in 0..extends.len() {
                        let superclass = extends.get(ii);
                        if let node::Interface(interface) = gen.node_map[&superclass.get_id()].which()? {
                          find_super_interfaces(interface, all_extends, gen)?;
                        }
                        all_extends.push(superclass);
                    }
                    Ok(())
                }

                let mut extends = Vec::new();
                find_super_interfaces(interface, &mut extends, gen)?;
                for interface in extends.iter() {
                    let type_id = interface.get_id();
                    let brand = interface.get_brand()?;
                    let the_mod = gen.scope_map[&type_id].join("::");

                    base_dispatch_arms.push(Line(format!(
                        "0x{:x} => {}::dispatch_call_internal(&mut self.server, method_id, params, results),",
                        type_id,
                        do_branding(
                            gen, type_id, brand, Leaf::ServerDispatch, the_mod.clone(), None)?)));
                    base_traits.push(
                        do_branding(gen, type_id, brand, Leaf::Server, the_mod, None)?);
                }
                if extends.len() > 0 { format!(": {}", base_traits.join(" + ")) }
                else { "".to_string() }
            };

            mod_interior.push(BlankLine);
            mod_interior.push(Line(format!("pub struct Client{} {{", bracketed_params)));
            mod_interior.push(Indent(Box::new(Line("pub client: ::capnp::capability::Client,".to_string()))));
            if is_generic {
                mod_interior.push(Indent(Box::new(Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone()))));
            }
            mod_interior.push(Line("}".to_string()));
            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl {} ::capnp::capability::FromClientHook for Client{} {{", bracketed_params, bracketed_params)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("fn new(hook: Box<dyn (::capnp::private::capability::ClientHook)>) -> Client{} {{", bracketed_params)))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("Client {{ client: ::capnp::capability::Client::new(hook), {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));


            mod_interior.push(if !is_generic {
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line("#[derive(Copy, Clone)]".into()),
                    Line("pub struct Owned(());".to_string()),
                    Line("impl <'a> ::capnp::traits::Owned<'a> for Owned { type Reader = Client; type Builder = Client; }".to_string()),
                    Line("impl ::capnp::traits::Pipelined for Owned { type Pipeline = Client; }".to_string())))
            } else {
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line("#[derive(Copy, Clone)]".into()),
                    Line(format!("pub struct Owned<{}> {} {{", params.params, params.where_clause)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    Line(format!(
                        "impl <'a, {0}> ::capnp::traits::Owned<'a> for Owned <{0}> {1} {{ type Reader = Client<{0}>; type Builder = Client<{0}>; }}",
                        params.params, params.where_clause)),
                    Line(format!(
                        "impl <{0}> ::capnp::traits::Pipelined for Owned <{0}> {1} {{ type Pipeline = Client{2}; }}",
                        params.params, params.where_clause, bracketed_params))))
            });

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec!(
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromPointerReader<'a> for Client<{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(Branch(vec![
                        Line(format!("fn get_from_pointer(reader: &::capnp::private::layout::PointerReader<'a>, _default: ::core::option::Option<&'a [capnp::Word]>) -> ::capnp::Result<Client<{}>> {{",params.params)),
                        Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("::core::result::Result::Ok(::capnp::capability::FromClientHook::new(reader.get_capability()?))")))),
                        Line("}".to_string())]))),
                Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec![
                Line(format!("impl <'a,{0}> ::capnp::traits::FromPointerBuilder<'a> for Client<{0}> {1} {{",
                             params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(
                        Branch(vec![
                            Line(format!("fn init_pointer(_builder: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'a>, _size: u32) -> Client<{}> {{", params.params)),
                            Indent(Box::new(Line("unimplemented!()".to_string()))),
                            Line("}".to_string()),
                            Line(format!("fn get_from_pointer(builder: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'a>, _default: ::core::option::Option<&'a [capnp::Word]>) -> ::capnp::Result<Client<{}>> {{", params.params)),
                            Indent(Box::new(Line("::core::result::Result::Ok(::capnp::capability::FromClientHook::new(builder.get_capability()?))".to_string()))),
                            Line("}".to_string())]))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
                BlankLine]));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec![
                Line(format!(
                    "impl <{0}> ::capnp::traits::SetPointerBuilder for Client<{0}> {1} {{",
                    params.params, params.where_clause)),
                Indent(
                    Box::new(
                        Branch(vec![
                            Line(format!("fn set_pointer_builder(pointer: ::capnp::private::layout::PointerBuilder<'_>, from: Client<{}>, _canonicalize: bool) -> ::capnp::Result<()> {{",
                                         params.params)),
                            Indent(Box::new(Line(
                                "pointer.set_capability(from.client.hook);".to_string()))),
                            Indent(Box::new(Line(
                                "::core::result::Result::Ok(())".to_string()))),
                            Line("}".to_string())]))),
                Line("}".to_string())]));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl {0} ::capnp::traits::HasTypeId for Client{0} {{",
                                 bracketed_params)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("#[inline]".to_string()))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("fn type_id() -> u64 { _private::TYPE_ID }".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line(format!("impl {0} Clone for Client{0} {{", bracketed_params)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("fn clone(&self) -> Client{} {{", bracketed_params)))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("Client {{ client: ::capnp::capability::Client::new(self.client.hook.add_ref()), {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(Line(format!("impl {0} Client{0} {{", bracketed_params)),
                            Indent(Box::new(Branch(client_impl_interior))),
                            Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec!(Line(format!("pub trait Server<{}> {} {} {{", params.params, server_base, params.where_clause)),
                                          Indent(Box::new(Branch(server_interior))),
                                          Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec!(Line(format!("pub struct ServerDispatch<_T,{}> {{", params.params)),
                                          Indent(Box::new(Line("pub server: _T,".to_string()))),
                                          Indent(Box::new(Branch(if is_generic {
                                            vec!(Line(params.phantom_data_type.clone())) } else { vec!() } ))),
                                          Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec![
                Line(
                    format!("impl <_S: Server{1} + 'static, {0}> ::capnp::capability::FromServer<_S> for Client{1} {2}  {{",
                            params.params, bracketed_params, params.where_clause_with_static)),
                Indent(Box::new(Branch(vec![
                    Line(format!("type Dispatch = ServerDispatch<_S, {}>;", params.params)),
                    Line(format!("fn from_server(s: _S) -> ServerDispatch<_S, {}> {{", params.params)),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line(format!("ServerDispatch {{ server: s, {} }}", params.phantom_data_value)))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                ]))),
                Line("}".to_string()),
            ]));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec![
                    (if is_generic {
                        Line(format!("impl <{}, _T: Server{}> ::core::ops::Deref for ServerDispatch<_T,{}> {} {{", params.params, bracketed_params, params.params, params.where_clause))
                    } else {
                        Line("impl <_T: Server> ::core::ops::Deref for ServerDispatch<_T> {".to_string())
                    }),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("type Target = _T;".to_string()))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("fn deref(&self) -> &_T { &self.server}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    ]));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec![
                    (if is_generic {
                        Line(format!("impl <{}, _T: Server{}> ::core::ops::DerefMut for ServerDispatch<_T,{}> {} {{", params.params, bracketed_params, params.params, params.where_clause))
                    } else {
                        Line("impl <_T: Server> ::core::ops::DerefMut for ServerDispatch<_T> {".to_string())
                    }),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut _T { &mut self.server}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    ]));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    (if is_generic {
                        Line(format!("impl <{}, _T: Server{}> ::capnp::capability::Server for ServerDispatch<_T,{}> {} {{", params.params, bracketed_params, params.params, params.where_clause))
                    } else {
                        Line("impl <_T: Server> ::capnp::capability::Server for ServerDispatch<_T> {".to_string())
                    }),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("fn dispatch_call(&mut self, interface_id: u64, method_id: u16, params: ::capnp::capability::Params<::capnp::any_pointer::Owned>, results: ::capnp::capability::Results<::capnp::any_pointer::Owned>) -> ::capnp::capability::Promise<(), ::capnp::Error> {".to_string()))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("match interface_id {".to_string()))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Indent(
                        Box::new(Line(format!("_private::TYPE_ID => ServerDispatch::<_T, {}>::dispatch_call_internal(&mut self.server, method_id, params, results),",params.params)))))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Branch(base_dispatch_arms))))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("_ => { ::capnp::capability::Promise::err(::capnp::Error::unimplemented(\"Method not implemented.\".to_string())) }".to_string()))))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    (if is_generic {
                        Line(format!("impl <{}, _T: Server{}> ServerDispatch<_T,{}> {} {{", params.params, bracketed_params, params.params, params.where_clause))
                    } else {
                        Line("impl <_T :Server> ServerDispatch<_T> {".to_string())
                    }),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("pub fn dispatch_call_internal(server: &mut _T, method_id: u16, params: ::capnp::capability::Params<::capnp::any_pointer::Owned>, results: ::capnp::capability::Results<::capnp::any_pointer::Owned>) -> ::capnp::capability::Promise<(), ::capnp::Error> {".to_string()))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("match method_id {".to_string()))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Branch(dispatch_arms))))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("_ => { ::capnp::capability::Promise::err(::capnp::Error::unimplemented(\"Method not implemented.\".to_string())) }".to_string()))))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))))),
                    Indent(Box::new(Line("}".to_string()))),
                    Line("}".to_string()))));

            mod_interior.push(
                Branch(vec!(
                    Line("pub mod _private {".to_string()),
                    Indent(Box::new(Branch(private_mod_interior))),
                    Line("}".to_string()),
                    )));

            mod_interior.push(Branch(vec!(Branch(nested_output))));

            output.push(BlankLine);
            if is_generic {
                output.push(Line(format!("pub mod {} {{ /* ({}) */", node_name, params.expanded_list.join(","))));
            } else {
                output.push(Line(format!("pub mod {} {{", node_name)));
            }
            output.push(Indent(Box::new(Branch(mod_interior))));
            output.push(Line("}".to_string()));
        }

        node::Const(c) => {
            let styled_name = snake_to_upper_case(gen.get_last_name(node_id)?);

            let typ = c.get_type()?;
            let formatted_text = match (typ.which()?, c.get_value()?.which()?) {
                (type_::Void(()), value::Void(())) => Line(format!("pub const {}: () = ();", styled_name)),
                (type_::Bool(()), value::Bool(b)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: bool = {};", styled_name, b)),
                (type_::Int8(()), value::Int8(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: i8 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Int16(()), value::Int16(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: i16 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Int32(()), value::Int32(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: i32 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Int64(()), value::Int64(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: i64 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Uint8(()), value::Uint8(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: u8 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Uint16(()), value::Uint16(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: u16 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Uint32(()), value::Uint32(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: u32 = {};", styled_name, i)),
                (type_::Uint64(()), value::Uint64(i)) => Line(format!("pub const {}: u64 = {};", styled_name, i)),

                (type_::Float32(()), value::Float32(f)) =>
                    Line(format!("pub const {}: f32 = {:e}f32;", styled_name, f)),

                (type_::Float64(()), value::Float64(f)) =>
                    Line(format!("pub const {}: f64 = {:e}f64;", styled_name, f)),

                (type_::Enum(e), value::Enum(v)) => {
                    if let Some(node) = gen.node_map.get(&e.get_type_id()) {
                        match node.which()? {
                            node::Enum(e) => {
                                let enumerants = e.get_enumerants()?;
                                if (v as u32) < enumerants.len() {
                                    let variant =
                                        capitalize_first_letter(get_enumerant_name(enumerants.get(v as u32))?);
                                    let type_string = typ.type_string(gen, Leaf::Owned)?;
                                    Line(format!("pub const {}: {} = {}::{};",
                                                 styled_name,
                                                 &type_string,
                                                 &type_string,
                                                 variant))
                                } else {
                                    return Err(Error::failed(format!("enumerant out of range: {}", v)));
                                }
                            }
                            _ => {
                                return Err(Error::failed(format!("bad enum type ID: {}", e.get_type_id())));
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        return Err(Error::failed(format!("bad enum type ID: {}", e.get_type_id())));
                    }
                }

                (type_::Text(()), value::Text(t)) =>
                    Line(format!("pub const {}: &'static str = {:?};", styled_name, t?)),
                (type_::Data(()), value::Data(d)) =>
                    Line(format!("pub const {}: &'static [u8] = &{:?};", styled_name, d?)),

                (type_::List(_), value::List(v)) => generate_pointer_constant(gen, &styled_name, typ, v)?,
                (type_::Struct(_), value::Struct(v)) => generate_pointer_constant(gen, &styled_name, typ, v)?,

                (type_::Interface(_t), value::Interface(())) => {
                    return Err(Error::unimplemented(format!("interface constants")));
                }
                (type_::AnyPointer(_), value::AnyPointer(_pr)) => {
                    return Err(Error::unimplemented(format!("anypointer constants")));
                }

                _ => { return Err(Error::failed(format!("type does not match value"))); }
            };

            output.push(formatted_text);
        }

        node::Annotation( _annotation_reader ) => (),
    }

    Ok(Branch(output))
}

// The capnp crate defines a blanket impl of capnp::Read for R where R: std::io::Read,
// but we can't use that here because it lives behind the "std" feature flag.
struct ReadWrapper<R> where R: std::io::Read {
    inner: R,
}

impl <R> capnp::io::Read for ReadWrapper<R> where R: std::io::Read {
    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> capnp::Result<usize> {
        loop {
            match std::io::Read::read(&mut self.inner, buf) {
                Ok(n) => return Ok(n),
                Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted => {}
                Err(e) => return Err(convert_io_err(e)),
            }
        }
    }
}

// The capnp crate defines a blanket impl of capnp::Write for R where R: std::io::Write,
// but we can't use that here because it lives behind the "std" feature flag.
struct WriteWrapper<W> where W: std::io::Write {
    inner: W,
}

impl <W> capnp::io::Write for WriteWrapper<W> where W: std::io::Write {
    fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> ::capnp::Result<()> {
        std::io::Write::write_all(&mut self.inner, buf).map_err(convert_io_err)?;
        Ok(())
    }
}

#[deprecated(since = "0.14.2", note = "Use CodeGenerationCommand::run() instead.")]
pub fn generate_code<T>(inp: T, out_dir: &::std::path::Path) -> ::capnp::Result<()>
    where T: ::std::io::Read
{
    let mut command = CodeGenerationCommand::new();
    command.output_directory(out_dir);
    command.run(inp)
}